[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-study-detail:100633645":3},{"organization":4,"armGroups":7,"interventions":25,"overallOfficials":24,"centralContacts":37,"locations":43,"responsibleParty":68,"collaborators":24,"id":70,"slug":71,"hasResults":72,"nctId":73,"briefTitle":74,"officialTitle":74,"acronym":24,"eligibilityCriteria":75,"healthyVolunteers":76,"sex":77,"minAge":78,"maxAge":79,"enrollmentInfo":80,"targetDuration":24,"studyType":83,"phases":84,"briefSummary":86,"conditions":87,"keywords":92,"overallStatus":46,"whyStopped":24,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":99,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":100,"startDateStruct":103,"completionDateStruct":105,"leadSponsor":107,"locationsCount":108},{"fullName":5,"class":6},"Medical University of Bialystok","OTHER",[8,14,20],{"label":9,"type":10,"description":11,"interventionNames":12},"Coherent Breathing (6 bpm)","EXPERIMENTAL","Participants perform 10 minutes of guided nasal diaphragmatic breathing at a rate of 6 breaths per minute (\\~0.1 Hz). The practice involves a 5.5-second inhalation and 5.5-second exhalation phase, guided by rhythmic audio bell cues (low tone for inhale, high tone for exhale). Participants focus on abdominal movement and sensations of air flow. This intervention is performed twice: once before the acute stressor (MAST) and once during the recovery phase.",[13],"Behavioral: Coherent Breathing (6 bpm)",{"label":15,"type":16,"description":17,"interventionNames":18},"Sham Breathing (15 bpm)","SHAM_COMPARATOR","Participants perform 10 minutes of guided nasal diaphragmatic breathing at a rate of 15 breaths per minute, which matches a natural spontaneous breathing pace. The practice involves a 2.0-second inhalation and 2.0-second exhalation phase, guided by identical rhythmic audio bell cues as the experimental arm. This arm mimics the structural and attentional components of the active intervention without inducing cardiorespiratory resonance. Performed twice: before and after the MAST protocol.",[19],"Behavioral: Sham Breathing (15 bpm)",{"label":21,"type":22,"description":23,"interventionNames":24},"Spontaneous Breathing (Control)","NO_INTERVENTION","Participants in this passive control group sit quietly with their eyes closed for 10 minutes. They receive initial brief relaxation instructions (two deep breaths with a sigh, body muscles relaxation) but do not receive any specific rhythmic guidance, audio cues, or instructions to modulate their breathing pattern. This arm serves as a baseline to control for the natural course of the stress response and the passage of time.",null,[26,32],{"type":27,"name":9,"description":28,"armGroupLabels":29,"otherNames":30},"BEHAVIORAL","A 10-minute session of guided nasal diaphragmatic, coherent breathing. Participants follow rhythmic audio bell cues: a low tone for a 5.5-second inhalation and a high tone for a 5.5-second exhalation. Instructions emphasize silent, gentle nasal breathing and abdominal (diaphragmatic) expansion without lifting the shoulders. Participants are asked to focus their attention on the sensations of air flow or abdominal movement throughout the session. The intervention is performed twice: before and after the stress protocol",[9],[31],"Resonant Breathing",{"type":27,"name":15,"description":33,"armGroupLabels":34,"otherNames":35},"A 10-minute session of guided nasal diaphragmatic breathing at a rate of 15 breaths per minute (matching a natural spontaneous pace). Participants follow identical rhythmic audio bell cues as the experimental group: a low tone for a 2.0-second inhalation and a high tone for a 2.0-second exhalation. All other instructions regarding nasal breathing, abdominal mechanics, and mindful attention are identical to the experimental group to ensure structural blinding. The intervention is performed twice: before and after the stress protocol",[15],[36],"Normal-paced Breathing",[38],{"name":39,"role":40,"phone":41,"phoneExt":24,"email":42},"Adam Siebieszuk, Master","CONTACT","+48 85 748 55 85","adam.siebieszuk@sd.umb.edu.pl",[44],{"facility":45,"status":46,"city":47,"state":48,"zip":49,"country":50,"countryCode":51,"cosmosGeoPoint":52,"geoPoint":57,"contacts":58},"Medical University of Bialystok. Department of Physiology.","RECRUITING","Bialystok","Podlaskie Voivodeship","15-222","Poland","PL",{"type":53,"coordinates":54},"Point",[55,56],23.16433,53.13333,{"lat":56,"lon":55},[59,63,65],{"name":60,"role":40,"phone":61,"phoneExt":24,"email":62},"Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok","+48 (85) 748 55 85","fizjolog@umb.edu.pl",{"name":39,"role":64,"phone":24,"phoneExt":24,"email":24},"PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR",{"name":66,"role":67,"phone":24,"phoneExt":24,"email":24},"Marcin Baranowski, PhD","SUB_INVESTIGATOR",{"type":69,"investigatorFullName":24,"investigatorTitle":24,"investigatorAffiliation":24,"oldNameTitle":24,"oldOrganization":24},"SPONSOR","100633645","breathwork-and-stress-investigating-the-mechanisms-of-action-and-effectiveness-of-breathing-interventions-in-modulating-the-psychophysiological-response-to-acute-stress-test-100633645",false,"NCT07529379","Breathwork and Stress: Investigating the Mechanisms of Action and Effectiveness of Breathing Interventions in Modulating the Psychophysiological Response to Acute Stress Test","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Healthy adults\n* Aged 18 to 60 years\n* Willingness to participate in all study phases, including preparation and laboratory session.\n* Professionally active individuals or university students.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Severe chronic diseases, including metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes) and mental disorders.\n* Cardiac arrhythmia, history of heart attacks, strokes, or heart surgery.\n* Regular use of medications such as anxiolytics or beta-blockers (excluding hormonal contraception)\n* Pregnancy.\n* Current participation in other scientific experiments.\n* Significant previous experience with breathing techniques or current independent breathwork\u002Fmeditation practice (defined as regular practice for more than 7 days in total within the last 12 months).\n* Professional sports practice.\n* Raynaud's disease\n* Inability to abstain from alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine for the required periods before the experiment",true,"ALL","18 Years","60 Years",{"count":81,"type":82},120,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[85],"NA","This study investigates whether the psychophysiological benefits of breathing exercises are driven by a specific physiological rhythm (6 breaths per minute) or by the general psychological experience of performing a structured, mindful activity. Researchers aim to determine if \"coherent breathing\", which is hypothesized to synchronize heart and respiratory rhythms, offers unique physiological protection against stress compared to breathing at a natural pace or simple resting. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* Does slow, steady breathing at 6 breaths per minute lower physical stress markers (like heart rate variability and cortisol) better than faster, but structured breathing or just sitting still?\n* Is the calming effect caused by the specific breathing rhythm or simply by performing a structured, relaxing activity?\n\nResearchers will compare three groups to see if the specific rhythm of \"coherent breathing\" offers unique benefits:\n\n1. Group (Interventional): Coherent Breathing: Slow breathing at 6 breaths per minute.\n2. Group (Sham Breathing): Regular breathing at 15 breaths per minute (matching a natural pace).\n3. Spontaneous Breathing (Control Group): Natural, unguided breathing.\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* Complete a one-day preparation phase to become familiar with the breathing technique.\n* Visit the research center for one experimental session.\n* Perform their assigned breathing method before and after a stress test.\n* Take the Maastricht Acute Stress Test (MAST), which involves putting a hand in cold water and doing mental math.\n* Provide saliva samples and have their heart rate variability, and mood measured multiple times.",[88,89,90,91],"Healthy Adult Participants","Acute Stress Reaction","Stress Biomarkers","Healthy",[93,94,95,96,97,98],"Breathwork","Coherent Breathing","Resonance Breathing","Heart Rate Variability","Maastricht Acute Stress Test (MAST)","Cortisol","2026-04-16",{"date":101,"type":102},"2026-04-21","ACTUAL",{"date":104,"type":82},"2026-04",{"date":106,"type":82},"2026-11",{"name":5,"class":6},1]