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Recruitability will be assessed with a one breath decremental PEEP maneuver, and search for airway closure with a low-flow pressure volume or pressure-time curve. If the patient has airway closure, the minimal PEEP will be set at the airway opening pressure to avoid closure. If the patient is considered recruitable, the goal is to set PEEP at or above 15cmH20 to maximize alveolar recruitment, until the plateau pressure reaches the safety limit. Volume control ventilation at 6ml·kg-1 will be used.\n\nOnce spontaneous breathing has started, the occlusion pressure (P0.1) will be maintained within targets.",[15],null,{"type":6,"name":26,"description":27,"armGroupLabels":28,"otherNames":24},"Standard Ventilation Strategy","Patients randomized to the control arm will receive standard care. The PEEP is adjusted for oxygenation based on a PEEP-FiO2 table, either the low PEEP-FiO2 or the high PEEP-FiO2 table. Volume targeted ventilation with initial VT 6 mL·kg-1 and Plateau pressure at 30 cmH2O or below, targeting PaO2 60-80 or SpO2 90-95%, adjusted as per the protocol. Pressure-support ventilation is at physician's discretion, but recommended when FiO2 \\\u003C60%, and is titrated VT 6-8 mL·kg-1.",[9],[30],{"name":31,"affiliation":5,"role":32},"Laurent Brochard, MD","PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR",[34],{"name":31,"role":35,"phone":36,"phoneExt":37,"email":38},"CONTACT","416-864-6060","5686","laurent.brochard@unityhealth.to",[40,56,69,77,85,93,101,112,124,132,140,153,166,177,188,199,210,221,232,243,254,265,276,287,298,309,320,331,344,355,366,380,393],{"facility":41,"status":42,"city":43,"state":43,"zip":44,"country":45,"countryCode":46,"cosmosGeoPoint":47,"geoPoint":52,"contacts":53},"New York University Grossman School of Medicine","RECRUITING","New York","10016","United States","US",{"type":48,"coordinates":49},"Point",[50,51],-74.00597,40.71427,{"lat":51,"lon":50},[54],{"name":55,"role":35,"phone":24,"phoneExt":24,"email":24},"David Kaufman, 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IRCCS","Rome",{"type":48,"coordinates":359},[360,361],12.51133,41.89193,{"lat":361,"lon":360},[364],{"name":365,"role":35,"phone":24,"phoneExt":24,"email":24},"Domenico L Grieco, MD",{"facility":367,"status":42,"city":368,"state":369,"zip":24,"country":370,"countryCode":371,"cosmosGeoPoint":372,"geoPoint":376,"contacts":377},"OLVG","Amsterdam","North Holland","Netherlands","NL",{"type":48,"coordinates":373},[374,375],4.88969,52.37403,{"lat":375,"lon":374},[378],{"name":379,"role":35,"phone":24,"phoneExt":24,"email":24},"Rogier Determann, MD",{"facility":381,"status":42,"city":382,"state":24,"zip":24,"country":383,"countryCode":384,"cosmosGeoPoint":385,"geoPoint":389,"contacts":390},"L'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau","Barcelona","Spain","ES",{"type":48,"coordinates":386},[387,388],2.15899,41.38879,{"lat":388,"lon":387},[391],{"name":392,"role":35,"phone":24,"phoneExt":24,"email":24},"Marta I Gomez, MD",{"facility":394,"status":42,"city":382,"state":24,"zip":24,"country":383,"countryCode":384,"cosmosGeoPoint":395,"geoPoint":397,"contacts":398},"Vall d'Hebron University Hospital",{"type":48,"coordinates":396},[387,388],{"lat":388,"lon":387},[399],{"name":400,"role":35,"phone":24,"phoneExt":24,"email":24},"Andres F Pacheco, MD",{"type":402,"investigatorFullName":24,"investigatorTitle":24,"investigatorAffiliation":24,"oldNameTitle":24,"oldOrganization":24},"SPONSOR",[404,407,409],{"name":405,"class":406},"Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)","OTHER_GOV",{"name":408,"class":6},"University of Toronto",{"name":410,"class":6},"Applied Health Research Centre","100359710","careful-ventilation-in-acute-respiratory-distress-syndrome-covid-19-and-non-covid-19-100359710",false,"NCT03963622","Careful Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19)","Careful Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","CAVIARDS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Age ≥ 18 y\n2. Moderate or severe ARDS (PaO2\u002FFiO2 ≤ 200 mmHg) within 48 h of meeting Berlin ARDS criteria (Patients who were eligible at the time of screening and whose PaO2\u002FFiO2 became \\> 200 mm Hg under prone positioning when starting the protocol remained eligible)\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Received continuous mechanical ventilation \\> 7 days\n2. Known or clinically suspected elevated intracranial pressure (\\>18mmHg) necessitating strict control of PaCO2\n3. Known pregnancy\n4. Broncho-pleural fistula\n5. Severe liver disease (Child-Pugh Score ≥ 10)\n6. BMI \\>40kg\u002Fm2\n7. Anticipating withdrawal of life support and\u002For shift to palliation as the goal of care\n8. Patient is receiving ECMO at time of randomization","ALL","18 Years",{"count":422,"type":423},740,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[426],"NA","This is a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial with an adaptive design assessing the efficacy of setting the ventilator based on measurements of respiratory mechanics (recruitability and effort) to reduce Day 60 mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).\n\nThe CAVIARDS study is also a basket trial; a basket trial design examines a single intervention in multiple disease populations. CAVIARDS consists of an identical 2-arm mechanical ventilation protocol implemented in two different study populations (COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients). As per a typical basket trial design, the operational structure of both the COVID-19 substudy (CAVIARDS-19) and non-COVID-19 substudy (CAVIARDS-all) is shared (recruitment, procedures, data collection, analysis, management, etc.).",[429],"ARDS",[431,429,432,433,434,435],"Ventilation","Airway closure","Lung recruitment","COVID-19","Basket trial","2026-01-14",{"date":438,"type":439},"2026-01-16","ACTUAL",{"date":441,"type":439},"2020-11-23",{"date":443,"type":423},"2026-09",{"name":5,"class":6},33]