[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-study-detail:100606722":3},{"organization":4,"armGroups":7,"interventions":25,"overallOfficials":41,"centralContacts":46,"locations":31,"responsibleParty":56,"collaborators":31,"id":58,"slug":59,"hasResults":60,"nctId":61,"briefTitle":62,"officialTitle":63,"acronym":31,"eligibilityCriteria":64,"healthyVolunteers":60,"sex":65,"minAge":66,"maxAge":67,"enrollmentInfo":68,"targetDuration":31,"studyType":71,"phases":72,"briefSummary":74,"conditions":75,"keywords":80,"overallStatus":89,"whyStopped":31,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":90,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":91,"startDateStruct":94,"completionDateStruct":96,"leadSponsor":98,"locationsCount":31},{"fullName":5,"class":6},"Changhua Christian Hospital","OTHER",[8,14,19],{"label":9,"type":10,"description":11,"interventionNames":12},"Volume-Oriented Incentive Spirometry (VIS)","EXPERIMENTAL","Participants in this group will perform diaphragmatic breathing exercises twice daily for 6 weeks using a volume-oriented incentive spirometer, in addition to usual care. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and at the end of week 7.",[13],"Device: Volume-Oriented Incentive Spirometer",{"label":15,"type":10,"description":16,"interventionNames":17},"Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercises (DBE)","In this group will perform standard diaphragmatic breathing exercises twice daily for 6 weeks, in addition to usual care. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and at the end of week 7.",[18],"Behavioral: Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise (DBE)",{"label":20,"type":21,"description":22,"interventionNames":23},"Usual Care (Control)","PLACEBO_COMPARATOR","Participants in this group will receive standard clinical management for gastroesophageal reflux disease without structured breathing training. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and at the end of week 7.",[24],"Behavioral: Usual Care and Education",[26,32,37],{"type":27,"name":28,"description":29,"armGroupLabels":30,"otherNames":31},"DEVICE","Volume-Oriented Incentive Spirometer","Participants in the experimental group will perform volume-oriented incentive spirometry training twice daily (morning and evening) for 6 weeks. Each session consists of 10 deep inspirations using the spirometer, with the target volume initially set according to the participant's predicted maximum inspiratory capacity and increased by approximately 5% each week starting from week 2. For each breath, participants inhale to reach the target volume, hold their breath for 3-5 seconds, and then exhale. A rest period of 30-60 seconds is allowed between maneuvers, and the pace is adjusted according to individual tolerance. Training is performed in a seated or semi-recumbent position.",[9],null,{"type":33,"name":34,"description":35,"armGroupLabels":36,"otherNames":31},"BEHAVIORAL","Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise (DBE)","Participants in the control group will perform diaphragmatic breathing exercises twice daily (morning and evening) for 6 weeks. During weeks 1-2, each session consists of 10 breaths per set; from week 3 to week 6, each session consists of 15 breaths per set. The exercise is performed without devices and includes the following sequence: slow inspiration through the nose with abdominal expansion, holding the breath for 5 seconds, followed by exhalation through the mouth with visible abdominal contraction. After each set, participants rest with natural breathing for 1-2 minutes to prevent hyperventilation or diaphragmatic fatigue. Training is conducted in a semi-recumbent position with both hands placed behind the head, focusing on abdominal movement control and breathing rhythm.",[15],{"type":33,"name":38,"description":39,"armGroupLabels":40,"otherNames":31},"Usual Care and Education","Participants in the control group will receive usual clinical care for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) without structured breathing training. At study entry, participants are provided with standardized patient education regarding GERD and lifestyle modification strategies, along with an educational leaflet. No specific posture or breathing exercises are required during the study period.",[20],[42],{"name":43,"affiliation":44,"role":45},"Shu-Ju Tu, MSN, NP, RN","Changhua Christian Hospital, Dept. of Gastroenterology","PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR",[47,52],{"name":43,"role":48,"phone":49,"phoneExt":50,"email":51},"CONTACT","+886-4-723-8595","7591","79610@gmail.com",{"name":53,"role":48,"phone":49,"phoneExt":54,"email":55},"Kun Ching Chou, MD","5501","84798@cch.org.tw",{"type":57,"investigatorFullName":31,"investigatorTitle":31,"investigatorAffiliation":31,"oldNameTitle":31,"oldOrganization":31},"SPONSOR","100606722","effect-of-breathing-training-on-symptoms-of-gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-100606722",false,"NCT07179250","Effect of Breathing Training on Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","Effect of Breathing Training on Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Parallel Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults aged 20 to 80 years\n* Endoscopic finding of reflux esophagitis (LA grade A) with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use \\> 2 months, or 24-hour pH monitoring showing acid exposure time (AET) \\> 6%, or endoscopic diagnosis of reflux esophagitis LA grade B or higher\n* Willingness to comply with the full training and follow-up protocol\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pregnant or breastfeeding women\n* History of anti-reflux surgery\n* Severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction or respiratory disease\n* Inability to perform the training exercises or attend follow-up visits","ALL","20 Years","80 Years",{"count":69,"type":70},51,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[73],"NA","The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether two types of breathing training can improve symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in adults.\n\nThe main research questions are:\n\n* Do volume-oriented incentive spirometry (VIS) or diaphragmatic breathing exercise (DBE) improve GERD symptoms compared with usual care?\n* Do these breathing exercises reduce the symptoms of GERD?\n* Does volume-oriented incentive spirometry (VIS) produce greater improvement in GERD symptoms compared with DBE?\n* Do these exercises increase the strength of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)?\n\nResearchers will compare VIS training, DBE training, and usual care to determine whether breathing training can serve as a safe and effective non-pharmacological treatment option for GERD.\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* Be randomly assigned to VIS training, DBE training, or usual care\n* Perform their assigned breathing training (if in the intervention group) twice daily for 6 weeks\n* Attend study visits at baseline and at week 7 for questionnaires and esophageal function tests\n* Keep a diary of their symptoms and breathing practice",[76,77,78,79],"Incentive Spirometer","Diaphragmatic Breathing","Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)","Breath Exercise",[81,82,83,77,84,76,85,86,87,88],"GERD","Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease","Acid Reflux","Breathing Training","Volume-Oriented Incentive Spirometry","GERDQ","Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire","breath exercise","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2025-09-23",{"date":92,"type":93},"2025-09-26","ACTUAL",{"date":95,"type":70},"2025-09",{"date":97,"type":70},"2026-05",{"name":5,"class":6}]