[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-study-detail:100593816":3},{"organization":4,"armGroups":7,"interventions":19,"overallOfficials":18,"centralContacts":24,"locations":18,"responsibleParty":30,"collaborators":34,"id":38,"slug":39,"hasResults":40,"nctId":41,"briefTitle":42,"officialTitle":43,"acronym":44,"eligibilityCriteria":45,"healthyVolunteers":46,"sex":47,"minAge":48,"maxAge":49,"enrollmentInfo":50,"targetDuration":18,"studyType":53,"phases":54,"briefSummary":56,"conditions":57,"keywords":59,"overallStatus":65,"whyStopped":18,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":66,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":67,"startDateStruct":70,"completionDateStruct":72,"leadSponsor":74,"locationsCount":18},{"fullName":5,"class":6},"Harran University","OTHER",[8,14],{"label":9,"type":10,"description":11,"interventionNames":12},"Intervention group","EXPERIMENTAL","Stress ball application is an effective and non-pharmacological pain management method used during labour. Pregnant women in the intervention group are given a sterile stress ball during the active phase of labour (when the cervical opening is 1-4 cm ve 5-7 cm) and asked to squeeze this ball during uterine contractions. The main aim of this intervention is to distract the woman from pain, promote relaxation and reduce pain perception through sensory-motor stimulation.\n\nThe stress ball squeezing movement activates the parasympathetic nervous system by interacting with the nervous system through proprioceptive sensations; this contributes to decreased muscle tone, reduced stress and relaxation. In addition, thanks to this practice, the woman's active participation in birth is supported, her perception of control over her own body increases and the birth experience is perceived more positively.",[13],"Other: Stress Ball",{"label":15,"type":16,"description":17,"interventionNames":18},"Control group","NO_INTERVENTION","Women in the will not be subjected to any practice other than routine hospital practices. The pain of each woman will be assessed and recorded by a midwife independent of the study using VAS (VAS assessment will be performed before and after contractions in the phases occurring in the first stage of labour). Data collection form The same forms will be used as for the intervention group",null,[20],{"type":6,"name":21,"description":22,"armGroupLabels":23,"otherNames":18},"Stress Ball","Targeted Sensory Stimulus Type - Proprioceptive Input Based Mechanism:\n\nStress ball application is aimed at regulating the nervous system, especially through proprioceptive and tactile (tactile) stimuli. In this respect, it differs from methods such as aromatherapy, music therapy or breathing exercises, which are more effective through the sensory, emotional or autonomic nervous system.",[9],[25],{"name":26,"role":27,"phone":28,"phoneExt":18,"email":29},"sibel Küçük, Instructor\u002FLecturer","CONTACT","545-601-72-00","sibelkucuk@harran.edu.tr",{"type":31,"investigatorFullName":32,"investigatorTitle":33,"investigatorAffiliation":5,"oldNameTitle":18,"oldOrganization":18},"PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR","Sibel Kucuk","öğretim görevlisi",[35],{"name":36,"class":37},"Sanliurfa Harran University","UNKNOWN","100593816","effect-of-stress-ball-use-on-labor-pain-and-birth-experience-in-primiparous-women-during-labor-100593816",false,"NCT07011355","Effect of Stress Ball Use on Labor Pain and Birth Experience in Primiparous Women During Labor","The Effect of Stress Ball Use on Labor Pain and Birth Experience in Primiparous Women in the During Labor; Randomized Controlled Trial","stressball","Inclusion Criteria:Inclusion Criteria\n\n* Aged between 18 and 35 years\n* Singleton, viable pregnancy\n* Being primiparous\n* Gestational age between 37 and 42 weeks\n* Having a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score ≥1 during the intrapartum period\n* Absence of systemic or obstetric complications\n* No analgesics or pharmacological pain relief used during labor\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Having a chronic illness affecting pain perception\n* Difficulty communicating\n* Need for medical intervention during labor (e.g., emergency cesarean section)\n* Ethical Approval and Informed Consent\n* The study will be conducted after receiving approval from the",true,"FEMALE","18 Years","35 Years",{"count":51,"type":52},64,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[55],"NA","INTRODUCTION Childbirth is a significant life experience for women, both physiologically and psychologically. The pain experienced during labor can vary depending on individual differences, cultural factors, and the course of labor. Labor pain may lead to fear, anxiety, and negative birth experiences in many women (Lowe, 2002). Therefore, using effective and safe methods to reduce pain during labor supports both maternal and fetal health and contributes to a more positive birth experience.\n\nIn recent years, non-pharmacological methods have been reported to be effective in reducing labor pain. These include breathing exercises, relaxation techniques, massage, aromatherapy, hot-cold applications, and tactile stimuli (Smith et al., 2018). The use of a stress ball is also considered one of these techniques. This method, which involves squeezing and releasing the hand, aims to promote muscle relaxation, reduce pain, and help individuals cope with stress.\n\nThis study aims to evaluate the effect of stress ball use during the active phase of labor on labor pain and the childbirth experience among primiparous women. The findings obtained may contribute to the literature by demonstrating the effectiveness of stress balls as a non-invasive intervention that can be implemented by nurses and midwives during labor.\n\nMATERIAL AND METHODS Study Design This research is designed as a randomized controlled experimental study. It will be conducted between September and December 2025 with primiparous women admitted to the delivery unit of a public hospital in Turkey.\n\nPopulation and Sample The study population will consist of primiparous women in the active stage of labor. A simple random sampling method will be used, and 64 primiparous women who meet the inclusion criteria and agree to participate in the study will be included. Participants will be randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=32) or the control group (n=32).\n\nEthical Approval and Informed Consent The study will be conducted after receiving approval from the \\[University\u002FHospital\\] Ethics Committee (Approval No: ...). Written permission to use the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) will be obtained from the scale's developer via email. After informing the participants about the study, those who meet the inclusion criteria and agree to participate will be asked to sign an \"Informed Consent Form.\" The research will be carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.\n\nDATA COLLECTION PROCESS Data collection will begin in the latent phase of labor (cervical dilation 1-4 cm). In each phase (active phase, transition phase), participants will be instructed to squeeze the stress ball during contractions accompanied by deep inhalation and to release it during exhalation. During non-contraction periods, their hands will be rested. Participants in the intervention group will be given brief training about the purpose and use of the stress ball. The stress ball used is made of hygienic, soft silicone material, approximately 6 cm in diameter, and fits in the palm. To avoid negative associations, the tool was referred to as a \"squeeze ball.\" No non-pharmacological interventions will be applied to the control group. In both groups, labor pain will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and after delivery, the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) will be used to evaluate participants' birth experiences.\n\nMeasurement Tools Research data will be collected by face-to-face interview method using Descriptive Information Form, Trauma Follow-up Form, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Birth Experience\u002FSatisfaction Scale (BES).",[58],"Examine the Effect of Stress Ball Use During the Intrapartum Period on Labor Pain and Childbirth Experience in Primiparous Women",[60,61,62,63,64],"stress ball","Primiparous","Intrapartum","Labor pain","Birth experience","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2025-05-30",{"date":68,"type":69},"2025-06-08","ACTUAL",{"date":71,"type":52},"2025-09-20",{"date":73,"type":52},"2025-12-30",{"name":5,"class":6}]