[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-study-detail:100593263":3},{"organization":4,"armGroups":7,"interventions":19,"overallOfficials":28,"centralContacts":33,"locations":39,"responsibleParty":70,"collaborators":23,"id":73,"slug":74,"hasResults":75,"nctId":76,"briefTitle":77,"officialTitle":78,"acronym":79,"eligibilityCriteria":80,"healthyVolunteers":81,"sex":82,"minAge":83,"maxAge":84,"enrollmentInfo":85,"targetDuration":23,"studyType":88,"phases":89,"briefSummary":91,"conditions":92,"keywords":95,"overallStatus":42,"whyStopped":23,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":101,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":102,"startDateStruct":105,"completionDateStruct":107,"leadSponsor":109,"locationsCount":110},{"fullName":5,"class":6},"Cumhuriyet University","OTHER",[8,14],{"label":9,"type":10,"description":11,"interventionNames":12},"TPR (traction-pressure-release) technique","EXPERIMENTAL","Intervention Type: Intramuscular drug administration with TPR technique Intervention Name: Diclofenac Sodium\n\nTPR method, while the needle is inserted at a 90-degree angle, deep pressure will be applied to the muscle, then rapidly released to create a snapping motion that facilitates the injection. This technique relies on rapid muscle relaxation rather than needle movement by the dominant hand.",[13],"Other: TPR method",{"label":15,"type":10,"description":16,"interventionNames":17},"Z-track method","Intervention Type: Intramuscular drug administration with Z-track method Intervention Name: Diclofenac Sodium Z-track method, the skin will be pulled laterally by 2.5-3.5 cm before needle insertion at a 90-degree angle. After aspiration and injection, the needle will be withdrawn and the skin released immediately.",[18],"Other: Z-track method",[20,24],{"type":6,"name":15,"description":21,"armGroupLabels":22,"otherNames":23},"Z-track method, the skin will be pulled laterally by 2.5-3.5 cm before needle insertion at a 90-degree angle. After aspiration and injection, the needle will be withdrawn and the skin released immediately.",[15],null,{"type":6,"name":25,"description":26,"armGroupLabels":27,"otherNames":23},"TPR method","TPR method, while the needle is inserted at a 90-degree angle, deep pressure will be applied to the muscle, then rapidly released to create a snapping motion that facilitates the injection. This technique relies on rapid muscle relaxation rather than needle movement by the dominant hand.",[9],[29],{"name":30,"affiliation":31,"role":32},"Şeyda Kazanç, Phd","but no location","STUDY_DIRECTOR",[34],{"name":35,"role":36,"phone":37,"phoneExt":23,"email":38},"Hülya KOÇYİĞİT KAVAK, Phd","CONTACT","90555408876","hkocyigit@cumhuriyet.edu.tr",[40,58],{"facility":41,"status":42,"city":43,"state":23,"zip":44,"country":45,"countryCode":23,"cosmosGeoPoint":46,"geoPoint":51,"contacts":52},"Sivas Numune Hospital","RECRUITING","Sivas","58000","Turkey (Türkiye)",{"type":47,"coordinates":48},"Point",[49,50],37.01611,39.74833,{"lat":50,"lon":49},[53],{"name":54,"role":36,"phone":55,"phoneExt":56,"email":57},"Murat Yıldırım, phd","903462795075","05444500198","mrtylldrm@gmail.com",{"facility":59,"status":42,"city":43,"state":23,"zip":44,"country":45,"countryCode":23,"cosmosGeoPoint":60,"geoPoint":62,"contacts":63},"Sivas State Hospital",{"type":47,"coordinates":61},[49,50],{"lat":50,"lon":49},[64,66,68],{"name":65,"role":36,"phone":55,"phoneExt":23,"email":57},"murat yıldırım, phd",{"name":35,"role":67,"phone":23,"phoneExt":23,"email":23},"PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR",{"name":30,"role":69,"phone":23,"phoneExt":23,"email":23},"SUB_INVESTIGATOR",{"type":67,"investigatorFullName":71,"investigatorTitle":72,"investigatorAffiliation":5,"oldNameTitle":23,"oldOrganization":23},"Hulya Kocyigit","Phd, Research Assitant","100593263","effects-of-tpr-and-z-techniques-on-pain-and-drug-leakage-in-intramuscular-injections-100593263",false,"NCT07004166","Effects of TPR and Z Techniques on Pain and Drug Leakage in Intramuscular Injections","Effects of TPR Technique and Z Technique on Pain and Drug Leakage in Intramuscular Injections","TPR_Z_PainLeak","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Aged 16-40\n* Prescribed diclofenac sodium\n* No communication impairments\n* Healthy ventrogluteal muscles without sensory issues\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Wounds, redness, bruising, tenderness, or stiffness at the injection site\n* Injection in the past 2 weeks\n* Neuropathy or other medical conditions\n* BMI below 15 or above 35",true,"ALL","18 Years","40 Years",{"count":86,"type":87},76,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[90],"NA","This randomized, triple-blind clinical trial compares the effectiveness of Z-track and TPR (traction-pressure-release) techniques in reducing pain and medication leakage during ventrogluteal intramuscular injections. Pain is measured using VAS, and leakage is assessed with a millimeter scale. The study aims to identify a more efficient, less painful injection method.",[93,94],"Muscle Pain","Injection Site Pain",[96,97,98,99,100],"Intramuscular Injection","Drug Leakage l","Pain","Z-Track","TPR Techniques","2025-06-03",{"date":103,"type":104},"2025-06-04","ACTUAL",{"date":106,"type":87},"2025-06-15",{"date":108,"type":87},"2025-08-25",{"name":5,"class":6},2]