[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-study-detail:100644242":3},{"organization":4,"armGroups":7,"interventions":19,"overallOfficials":24,"centralContacts":29,"locations":39,"responsibleParty":59,"collaborators":24,"id":62,"slug":63,"hasResults":64,"nctId":65,"briefTitle":66,"officialTitle":67,"acronym":68,"eligibilityCriteria":69,"healthyVolunteers":70,"sex":71,"minAge":72,"maxAge":73,"enrollmentInfo":74,"targetDuration":24,"studyType":77,"phases":78,"briefSummary":80,"conditions":81,"keywords":83,"overallStatus":41,"whyStopped":24,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":97,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":98,"startDateStruct":101,"completionDateStruct":103,"leadSponsor":105,"locationsCount":106},{"fullName":5,"class":6},"University of Plymouth","OTHER",[8,15],{"label":9,"type":10,"description":11,"interventionNames":12},"Hydroponic then Conventional Spinach","EXPERIMENTAL","Participants consume a hydroponic spinach smoothie at the first visit followed by a conventional spinach smoothie at the second visit, separated by a washout period.",[13,14],"Other: Hydroponic spinach smoothie","Other: Conventional spinach smoothie",{"label":16,"type":10,"description":17,"interventionNames":18},"Conventional then Hydroponic Spinach","Participants consume a conventional spinach smoothie at the first visit followed by a hydroponic spinach smoothie at the second visit, separated by a washout period.",[13,14],[20,25],{"type":6,"name":21,"description":22,"armGroupLabels":23,"otherNames":24},"Hydroponic spinach smoothie","Standardized smoothie prepared with hydroponically grown spinach, matched for volume and appearance.",[16,9],null,{"type":6,"name":26,"description":27,"armGroupLabels":28,"otherNames":24},"Conventional spinach smoothie","Standardized smoothie prepared with conventionally grown spinach, matched for volume and appearance.",[16,9],[30,35],{"name":31,"role":32,"phone":33,"phoneExt":24,"email":34},"Raul Bescos, PhD","CONTACT","+44 1752 587585","raul.bescos@plymouth.ac.uk",{"name":36,"role":32,"phone":37,"phoneExt":24,"email":38},"Patricia Casas Agustench, PhD","+44 1752 588892","patricia.casas@plymouth.ac.uk",[40],{"facility":5,"status":41,"city":42,"state":43,"zip":44,"country":45,"countryCode":46,"cosmosGeoPoint":47,"geoPoint":52,"contacts":53},"RECRUITING","Plymouth","Devon","PL4 6AB","United Kingdom","UK",{"type":48,"coordinates":49},"Point",[50,51],-4.14305,50.37153,{"lat":51,"lon":50},[54,55,56,58],{"name":31,"role":32,"phone":33,"phoneExt":24,"email":34},{"name":36,"role":32,"phone":37,"phoneExt":24,"email":38},{"name":31,"role":57,"phone":24,"phoneExt":24,"email":24},"PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR",{"name":36,"role":57,"phone":24,"phoneExt":24,"email":24},{"type":57,"investigatorFullName":60,"investigatorTitle":61,"investigatorAffiliation":5,"oldNameTitle":24,"oldOrganization":24},"Raul Bescos","Associate Professor of Human Nutrition and Physiology","100644242","hydroponic-vs-conventional-spinach-smoothies-effects-on-salivary-nitrate-bioavailability-and-blood-pressure-100644242",false,"NCT07665944","Hydroponic vs Conventional Spinach Smoothies: Effects on Salivary Nitrate Bioavailability and Blood Pressure","Acute Effects of Hydroponically vs. Conventionally Grown Spinach Smoothies on Salivary Nitrate Bioavailability and Blood Pressure: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial","SPIN-BP-NO","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults aged 18-60 years\n* Generally healthy individuals (no diagnosed chronic disease)\n* Non-smokers and non-vapers\n* Not currently taking medications known to affect cardiovascular function or nitrate metabolism\n* Able and willing to provide informed consent\n* Willing to comply with study procedures and attend both study visits\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Presence of chronic disease (e.g., cardiovascular, metabolic, renal, or respiratory conditions)\n* Use of pacemakers or implanted medical devices\n* Pregnant or lactating individuals\n* Known allergy or intolerance to spinach\n* History of gastrointestinal disorders or pathology affecting digestion or absorption\n* Use of nitrate or nitrite supplements\n* Use of antibiotics within the past 3 weeks\n* Use of antibacterial mouthwash or oral products within the past 2 weeks\n* Current participation in another clinical trial or recent participation that may interfere with outcomes",true,"ALL","18 Years","60 Years",{"count":75,"type":76},12,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[79],"NA","The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether hydroponic spinach (HS) versus conventional spinach (CS) smoothies produce differential post-consumption effects on salivary nitrate availability and blood pressure in adults.\n\nThe main questions it aims to answer are:\n\nDo hydroponic spinach (HS) and conventional spinach (CS) smoothies produce differential post-consumption salivary nitrate availability responses in adults when consumed in equal volumes? Do hydroponic spinach (HS) and conventional spinach (CS) smoothies produce differential post-consumption blood pressure responses in adults when consumed in equal volumes?\n\nParticipants will:\n\nConsume hydroponic spinach (HS) and conventional spinach (CS) smoothies on two separate study days.\n\nAttend two laboratory visits at the university, scheduled within a 1-2 week period.\n\nUndergo check-ups and study measurements during each visit (e.g., blood pressure and saliva sampling).",[82],"Adult",[84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96],"spinach","Hydroponic agriculture","Conventional agriculture","Dietary nitrate","Nitrite","Nitric oxide","Blood pressure","Crossover study","Randomized controlled trial","Smoothie intervention","Postprandial response","Saliva biomarkers","Nitrate bioavailability","2026-06-18",{"date":99,"type":100},"2026-06-24","ACTUAL",{"date":102,"type":100},"2026-05-22",{"date":104,"type":76},"2026-07-31",{"name":5,"class":6},1]