[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"leadSponsorName\":\"Barts & The London NHS Trust\",\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:":591},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,22,0,[8,51,84,110,134,154,177,197,219,241,266,297,323,350,381,409,435,459,488,509,536,563],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":13,"acronym":14,"eligibilityCriteria":15,"healthyVolunteers":16,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":20,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":24,"briefSummary":26,"conditions":27,"keywords":32,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":39,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":40,"startDateStruct":43,"completionDateStruct":45,"leadSponsor":47,"locationsCount":50},"100528802","convergent-ablation-plus-left-atrial-appendage-isolation-for-the-treatment-of-persistent-atrial-fibrillation-100528802",false,"NCT06165510","Convergent Ablation Plus Left Atrial Appendage Isolation for the Treatment of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation","CLIP-AF","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age \\> 18 years; \\\u003C 80 years\n* Persistent AF \\> 1-year duration\n* Left atrium size \\\u003C 6cm\n* Pts should be able to provide written informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Subjects currently enrolled in another investigational study except in case of observational registry with no associated treatments.\n* Subject has a reversible cause of AF or transient AF\n* Subject is absent of LAA or if the LAA is previously surgically ligated\n* Subject has had previous cardiac surgery or abdominal surgery.\n* Subject has contraindication to anticoagulation.\n* Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.\n* Patients with significant valve disease.\n* Subject has had previous catheter or surgical ablation",true,"ALL","18 Years","80 Years",{"count":21,"type":22},48,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[25],"NA","A randomised controlled clinical trial to assess efficacy of convergent ablation with the LARIAT procedure, as compared to standard endocardial catheter ablation in patients with long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (AF).",[28,29,30,31],"Persistent Atrial Fibrillation","Atrial Fibrillation, Persistent","Atrium; Fibrillation","Atrial Arrhythmia",[33,34,35,36,37],"Catheter ablation","Convergent procedure","Left atrial appendage","Hybrid ablation","Cardiac arrhythmias","RECRUITING","2026-06-24",{"date":41,"type":42},"2026-06-25","ACTUAL",{"date":44,"type":42},"2024-08-02",{"date":46,"type":22},"2026-11",{"name":48,"class":49},"Barts & The London NHS Trust","OTHER",1,{"id":52,"slug":53,"hasResults":11,"nctId":54,"briefTitle":55,"officialTitle":55,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":56,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":57,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":58,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":61,"conditions":62,"keywords":69,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":75,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":76,"startDateStruct":78,"completionDateStruct":80,"leadSponsor":82,"locationsCount":83},"100092282","genetics-of-endocrine-tumours---familial-isolated-pituitary-adenoma---fipa-100092282","NCT00461188","Genetics of Endocrine Tumours - Familial Isolated Pituitary Adenoma - FIPA","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Familial acromegaly or other type of pituitary tumour OR\n* Early onset acromegaly or\n* Sporadic pituitary tumour\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Do not consent","6 Years",{"count":59,"type":22},10000,"OBSERVATIONAL","The research is aimed at identifying new predisposition genes for endocrine tumours. Our focus initially is on pituitary adenomas including growth hormone-secreting tumors (somatotrophinomas) and prolactin secreting tumours (prolactinomas), but we wish to extend work to other pituitary tumour cases\u002Ffamilies.\n\nThe recruitment process will be as follows.\n\n1. We will recruit patients from our own Endocrine outpatient clinics and inpatient wards. In addition we will ask colleagues in other Endocrinology Departments (or other specialties such as Clinical Genetics,Pathology, General Medicine ) to identify potentially suitable patients with endocrine \\& pituitary tumours from their records. We shall focus on patients with good evidence of inheritance of their condition: relatively early onset; or multiple lesions; or other affected family members. Conditions where the predisposing genes have been identified (principally MEN) will be excluded from study. Patients directly contacting us can also enter the study.\n2. The Consultant looking after the patient will contact the patient to initially inform him\u002Fher of the study.\n3. We will then contact the patient (generally by telephone) to discuss the study and what it would entail in terms of information and samples.\n4. Subject to agreement in (3), patient will receive 'Information Sheet for patients with pituitary tumour' and 'Consent Form' and will have blood sampling in Consultant's clinic.\n5. We will contact additional family members (if appropriate) after an initial approach by the family member already recruited to the study. The additional family members may have developed tumours similar to those of the proband, or may be unaffected individuals who provide useful information for gene identification purposes (for example, spouses may greatly aid the power of gene mapping by linkage. They will receive the \"Information Sheet for family members\". analysis).\n\n8\\. Archival tissue will be obtained from HTA licensed tissue banks. This is an established bank whose licence is primarily for diagnosis but can be used for research. 9. We will undertake laboratory work, such as genetic linkage analysis, candidate gene mutation screening and studies of loss of heterozygosity in tumours, to identify the genes predisposing to the condition, such as the AIP gene. In addition we would like to screen other genes related to the chaperon AIP molecule, such as AhR, and other genes currently identified (PDE4A5, survivin and Tom20 protein) or may not been identified.\n\nBlood samples for DNA and RNA will coded with unique ID numbers. Pituitary and other endocrine tumour samples will be collected at surgery and kept in liquid nitrogen or -80 C. They will be coded with unique ID numbers. Candidate gene sequencing will be performed in the Barts and the London Medical School Genome Centre.\n\nRNA expression studies from blood or adenoma tissue samples will be performed by RT-PCR. Protein expression studies will be performed by Western blotting or immunohistochemistry. The first gene we wish to study causes familial acromegaly, a disease resulting from a pituitary adenoma secreting growth hormone.\n\nTo establish if the candidate gene is also causing possibly sporadic (not familial) cases of the disease, samples (blood and tissue) will be collected from patients with sporadic disease and will be analysed as above.",[63,64,65,66,67,68],"Acromegaly","Gigantism","Familial Isolated Pituitary Adenoma","FIPA","Pituitary Adenoma Predisposition","PAP",[70,71,72,73,65,66,74,68],"acromegaly","gigantism","familial pituitary adenoma","Familial acromegaly","Pituitary adenoma predisposition","2026-05-18",{"date":77,"type":42},"2026-05-20",{"date":79,"type":42},"2007-03-01",{"date":81,"type":22},"2037-12-31",{"name":48,"class":49},3,{"id":85,"slug":86,"hasResults":11,"nctId":87,"briefTitle":88,"officialTitle":89,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":90,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":91,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":93,"conditions":94,"keywords":98,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":102,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":103,"startDateStruct":105,"completionDateStruct":107,"leadSponsor":109,"locationsCount":50},"100641056","aic-genotyping-study-100641056","NCT07574697","AIC Genotyping Study","Genetic Susceptibility to AF-Induced Cardiomyopathy","INCLUSION:\n\nAIC (Cases):\n\n* Age ≥18\n* Persistent AF before index catheter ablation or cardioversion\n* LVEF ≤40% during rate-controlled (resting HR \\\u003C100bpm, mean HR on 24-hour Holter \\\u003C100bpm) AF prior to index catheter ablation or cardioversion\n* LVEF normalisation (LVEF ≥55%) in SR, post-catheter ablation or cardioversion (≥3 months post-catheter ablation or cardioversion), no AF (\\>30 seconds of continuous AF) detected outside blanking period (8 weeks post-catheter ablation), and with no new introduction of any new or increased dose of heart failure guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi), Sodium Glucose Co-transporter 2 (SLGT2) inhibitors, increased dose of beta-blocker (BB), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA))\n\nAF-pEF (Negative controls):\n\n* Age ≥18\n* Persistent AF before index catheter ablation or cardioversion\n* LVEF ≥55% during rate-controlled (resting HR \\\u003C100bpm) AF. AIC-genotyping study, v1.7, 27.01.26 Page 13 of 28\n\nAF\u002FHF non-responders (Positive controls)\n\n* Age ≥18\n* Persistent AF before index catheter ablation or cardioversion\n* LVEF ≤40% during rate-controlled (resting HR \\\u003C100bpm) AF before index catheter ablation or cardioversion.\n* Persistent LVSD (LVEF ≤40%) in SR, post-catheter ablation or cardioversion (≥3 months post-catheter ablation or cardioversion), no AF (\\>30 seconds of continuous AF) detected outside blanking period (8 weeks post-catheter ablation) and with no change in heart failure GDMT (RAASi, SGLT2 inhibitors, increased dose of BB, MRA).\n\nEXCLUSION:\n\nAIC (Cases).\n\n* No alternative cause for LVSD (ischemic cardiomyopathy\u002Fnon-ischaemic cardiomyopathy before AF diagnosis, primary valve disease, inherited cardiomyopathy\n* Any pregnancy during AF or in the 12 months preceding LVSD onset.\n* Alcohol intake \\>21 units\u002Fweek\n* Any history of cardiotoxic chemotherapy\n\nAF-pEF (Negative controls)\n\n* No known cause for LVSD (ischemic cardiomyopathy\u002Fnon-ischaemic cardiomyopathy before AF diagnosis, primary valve disease, inherited cardiomyopathy).\n* Any pregnancy during AF or in the 12 months preceding LVSD onset.\n* Alcohol intake \\>21 units\u002Fweek.\n* Any history of cardiotoxic chemotherapy.\n\nAF\u002FHF non-responders (Positive controls)\n\n* No alternative cause for LVSD (ischemic cardiomyopathy\u002Fnon-ischaemic cardiomyopathy before AF diagnosis, primary valve disease, inherited cardiomyopathy).\n* Any pregnancy during AF or in the 12 months preceding LVSD onset.\n* Alcohol intake \\>21 units\u002Fweek.\n* Any history of cardiotoxic chemotherapy.",{"count":92,"type":22},299,"To quantify genetic variants in a focused DCM gene panel among AF-induced cardiomyopathy (AIC) and positive\u002Fnegative controls",[95,96,97],"Cardiomyopathy","Atrial Fibrillation (AF)","Genetic",[99,100,101],"prospective","case-controlled","genetics","2026-05-05",{"date":104,"type":42},"2026-05-08",{"date":106,"type":42},"2026-03-25",{"date":108,"type":22},"2027-05-31",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":111,"slug":112,"hasResults":11,"nctId":113,"briefTitle":114,"officialTitle":115,"acronym":116,"eligibilityCriteria":117,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":118,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":120,"briefSummary":121,"conditions":122,"keywords":123,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":102,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":128,"startDateStruct":129,"completionDateStruct":131,"leadSponsor":133,"locationsCount":50},"100487915","personalised-ablation-strategies-in-af-100487915","NCT05633303","Personalised Ablation Strategies in AF","Developing Dynamic Substrate Targeted Personalised Treatment Strategies in AF.","PAS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients undergoing catheter ablation for persistent AF (\\\u003C24 months AF duration and no previous left atrial ablation).\n* Able to provide informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Unwillingness to sign consent\n* Age \\\u003C18 years\n* Contraindications for catheter ablation procedure",{"count":119,"type":22},160,[25],"Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia with an expected rise in prevalence over the next decade. Catheter ablation is a safe treatment option in eliminating AF however, success rates still remains variable. Existing strategies do not take into account the differences in AF perpetuation mechanisms beyond the pulmonary veins (PVs) due to the underlying substrate. Here, I will investigate the differences in persistent AF mechanisms due to the underlying substrate and utilise these findings to generate AF mechanism specific ablation strategies. I have defined a new metric, rate-dependent conduction velocity (RDCV) slowing that has shown to correlate with sites of re-entry activity in AF. In this study, techniques and methods will be developed to measure RDCV slowing sites. The impact autonomic modulation has on AF mechanisms and CV dynamics will also be assessed. The hypothesis is that a combination of structural, electrical and autonomic remodelling play an important mechanistic role in persistent AF and ablation strategies adapted to target these will result in greater procedural success rate. The study findings have the potential to improve the success rate of catheter ablation in persistent AF thereby improve patient wellbeing and reduce the cost burden of AF treatment.",[30],[124,125,126,127],"Atrial fibrillation","Autonomic remodelling","Conduction velocity","Novel ablation strategies",{"date":104,"type":42},{"date":130,"type":42},"2022-10-14",{"date":132,"type":22},"2027-10-10",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":135,"slug":136,"hasResults":11,"nctId":137,"briefTitle":138,"officialTitle":139,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":140,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":141,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":142,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":144,"briefSummary":145,"conditions":146,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":102,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":148,"startDateStruct":149,"completionDateStruct":151,"leadSponsor":153,"locationsCount":50},"100375591","eeg-monitoring-for-refractory-status-epilepticus-100375591","NCT04170491","EEG Monitoring for Refractory Status Epilepticus","The Use of Continuous Electroencephalographic (EEG) Monitoring for Cases of Refractory Status Epilepticus: Does it Affect the Final Patient Outcome","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* • Patients aged \\> 16 years\n\n  * Consent obtained according to Mental Capacity Act 2005\n  * Patients admitted to ICU for treatment of status epilepticus or admitted for another reason and diagnosed with SE during their admission\n  * Convulsive Status epilepticus defined by either:\n\n    * Tonic-clonic SE lasting longer than 5 minutes,\n    * Focal SE with impaired consciousness lasting longer than 10 minutes\n    * or Non-Convulsive SE according to Salzburg consensus criteria\n  * Status epilepticus that continues despite treatment with benzodiazepine and one antiepileptic medication\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Anoxic brain injury","16 Years",{"count":143,"type":22},40,[25],"This is a prospective randomized study to investigate the yield of continuous electroencephalogram (cEEG), as a diagnostic tool in intensive care unit (ICU), for patients with refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and the contribution of this test to the patient final outcome, compared with standard medical care. Specifically, the hypothesis is that the use of cEEG for patients with RSE will significantly reduce the length of in-hospital stay, mortality, and subsequent complications (such as infections or pressure ulcers). It is also predicted that quality of life will be higher following cEEG at 0, 3, 6 and 12 months after discharge. As there are currently no data available from previous studies assessing the impact of cEEG on markers of the final clinical outcome in patients with RSE, this study is going to start as a feasibility study, aiming to obtain initial data for the primary outcome measure, in order to perform a sample size calculation for a larger future trial. The pilot study will also assess the integrity of the study protocol, specifically the recruitment process and the consent procedure, and also determine the necessary costs for running a cEEG service in ICU for patients with RSE",[147],"Status Epilepticus",{"date":104,"type":42},{"date":150,"type":42},"2020-03-17",{"date":152,"type":22},"2027-07-31",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":155,"slug":156,"hasResults":11,"nctId":157,"briefTitle":158,"officialTitle":159,"acronym":160,"eligibilityCriteria":161,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":162,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":163,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":165,"conditions":166,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":168,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":169,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":170,"startDateStruct":172,"completionDateStruct":174,"leadSponsor":176,"locationsCount":50},"100635367","diet-drive-gut-microbiome-and-outcome-in-patients-with-early-stage-triple-negative-breast-cancer-undergoing-neoadjuvant-chemotherapy-and-immunotherapy-100635367","NCT07551765","Diet-drive Gut Microbiome and Outcome in Patients With Early-stage Triple-negative Breast Cancer Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy.","Diet-driven Gut Microbiome and Outcome in Patients With Early-stage Triple-negative Breast Cancer Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy.","CAPTIVATE","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Willing and able to provide written informed consent prior to study entry\n* Female ≥ 18 years of age\n* Histologically confirmed operable primary breast cancer with a tumor size of ≥1 cm\n* Triple-negative disease:\n* defined as tumours with \\\u003C10% of tumours cells positive for ER and PR1 on IHC staining or an IHC score (Allred) \\\u003C 3\n* HER2-negative tumours defined as 0, 1+ or 2+ intensity on IHC and no evidence of amplification of the HER2 gene on ISH. defined as tumours with\n* Patient planned to undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy (as per institutional standard) with\u002Fwithout immunotherapy\n* Representative formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) breast tumours samples with an associated pathology report that are determined to be available and sufficient for central testing OR tumours accessible for biopsy.\n* Ability to comply with the protocol, including but not limited to, completion of the patient-reported outcomes questionnaires Exclusion Criteria: Patients meeting any of the following exclusion criteria are not be enrolled in the study.\n* Previous systemic or local treatment for the new primary breast cancer currently under investigation (including surgery, radiotherapy, cytotoxic and endocrine treatments)\n* Received therapeutic oral or intravenous antibiotics within 14 days prior to randomization\n* Known distant metastases","FEMALE",{"count":164,"type":22},300,"CAPTIVATE is a multi-center translational and observational trial, that aims to investigate the impact of the gut microbiome on treatment outcomes in women with untreated, stage I-III Triple Negative undergoing neoadjuvant treatment with and without immune checkpoint inhibitors. As part of the trial, stool samples, core tumors biopsies and research bloods samples for the analysis will be collected at various points of the study.",[167],"Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), Early Setting","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-04-20",{"date":171,"type":42},"2026-04-27",{"date":173,"type":22},"2026-11-13",{"date":175,"type":22},"2032-11-01",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":178,"slug":179,"hasResults":11,"nctId":180,"briefTitle":181,"officialTitle":182,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":183,"healthyVolunteers":16,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":184,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":186,"briefSummary":187,"conditions":188,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":169,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":190,"startDateStruct":192,"completionDateStruct":194,"leadSponsor":196,"locationsCount":50},"100522765","investigating-implant-surface-effect-on-osseointegration-nga-vs-modsla-100522765","NCT06086873","Investigating Implant Surface Effect on Osseointegration: NGA vs. ModSLA","A Randomised Clinical Trial Investigating Effect of Implant Surface Characteristic on Crestal Marginal Bone Loss, Inflammatory Response and Aesthetic Outcomes: Novel Gradient Anodized and Sandblasted Large-grit Acid-etched Implant Surfaces","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age: over 18 years old,\n* Gender: male and female.\n* Patient must be able and willing to follow study procedures and instructions and have capacity to provide informed consent.\n* Patient must require tooth extraction of a maxillary first premolar or single-rooted anterior tooth as the result of caries, endodontic failure or trauma\n* The extraction site must have adjacent teeth present.\n* Adjacent teeth with no evidence of interdental bone loss\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Systemic disease that can interfere with dental implant therapy (e.g. uncontrolled diabetes)\n* 2 adjacent teeth requiring extraction\n* Greater than one wall of the socket missing - assessed at time of extraction\n* Any contraindications for oral surgical procedures\n* Any known systemic disease affecting bone metabolism (e.g. Cushing's syndrome, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, diabetes type I and uncontrolled diabetes type II), systemic infections or recent surgical procedures within 30 days of study initiation;\n* Chronic treatment (i.e., 2 weeks or more) with any medication known to affect oral status (e.g., phenytoin, dihydropyridine, calcium antagonists and cyclosporine) or bone metabolism (e.g. bisphosphonates, hormone replacement therapy, immunosuppressants) within 1 month before baseline visit;\n* HIV or viral hepatitis;\n* Physical handicaps that would interfere with the ability to perform adequate oral hygiene;\n* History of local irradiation therapy in the head-neck region\n* Mucosal diseases (e.g. erosive lichen planus)\n* Current untreated periodontitis or gingivitis. In particular probing depths of \\>4mm on one of the teeth immediately adjacent to the extraction site\n* Untreated acute endodontic lesions\n* Current smokers (have smoked within 3 months of study onset)\n* Any known systemic disease affecting bone metabolism (e.g. Cushing's syndrome, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, diabetes type I and uncontrolled diabetes type II), systemic infections or recent surgical procedures within 30 days of study initiation;\n* Self-reported alcoholism or chronic drug abuse;\n* Patients suffering from a known psychological disorder or with limited mental capacity or language skills such that study information could not be understood,\n* Non-compliant patients, vulnerable individuals or those unable to understand written or verbal communication and give consent.\n* Pregnant or breastfeeding patients\n* Involvement in current research or recent involvement in any research prior to recruitment\n* Full-mouth bleeding (BOP) and plaque (PI) scores \\>30% or sites with periodontal pocket depth \\>5 mm at the completion of the pre-treatment phase.",{"count":185,"type":22},39,[25],"This study aims to characterise the stability of crestal bone levels one year after loading, the associated aesthetic outcomes, immunological response, prosthodontic outcomes as well as overall patient reported outcome measures for modSLA (SLActive, Institut Straumann AG, Switzerland) and NGA (TiUltraNP, Nobel Biocare AG, Switzerland) dental implants.",[189],"Dental Implant",{"date":191,"type":42},"2026-04-22",{"date":193,"type":42},"2023-09-05",{"date":195,"type":22},"2027-03-31",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":198,"slug":199,"hasResults":11,"nctId":200,"briefTitle":201,"officialTitle":202,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":203,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":204,"targetDuration":206,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":207,"conditions":208,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":169,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":212,"startDateStruct":214,"completionDateStruct":216,"leadSponsor":218,"locationsCount":50},"100510006","atrial-functional-mitral-regurgitation-and-tricuspid-regurgitation-100510006","NCT05920824","Atrial Functional Mitral Regurgitation and Tricuspid Regurgitation","Clinical Phenotypes, Risk Factors, & Determinants of Outcome in Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Informed consent\n* Age of 18 years or older\n* Atrial fibrillation\n* Moderate or severe atrial valve disease\n* Adequate 2D echocardiography views including parasternal long axis, short axis, apical two chamber, apical three chamber and four chamber.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Unwilling or unable to give consent\n* Left ventricular impairment (ejection fraction \\\u003C 50%).\n* Primary\u002Forganic valve disease",{"count":205,"type":22},141,"1 Year","A prospective, observational cohort study designed to identify clinical phenotypes and evaluate predictors \\& outcomes of functional mitral and tricuspid valve regurgitation in patients with atrial fibrillation.\n\nParticipant will under go:\n\n* Baseline echocardiography\n* Cpex Echocardiography\n* Blood test: BNP\n* 1 year follow up Echocardiography\n\nParticipants will be stratified into three subgroups:\n\n* Atrial Functional MR\n* Atrial Functional TR\n* Mixed MR \\& TR",[209,210,211],"Atrial Fibrillation","Functional Mitral Regurgitation","Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation",{"date":213,"type":42},"2026-04-21",{"date":215,"type":42},"2023-08-23",{"date":217,"type":22},"2027-08",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":220,"slug":221,"hasResults":11,"nctId":222,"briefTitle":223,"officialTitle":224,"acronym":225,"eligibilityCriteria":226,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":227,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":229,"briefSummary":230,"conditions":231,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":168,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":233,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":234,"startDateStruct":236,"completionDateStruct":238,"leadSponsor":240,"locationsCount":50},"100603197","tricuspid-uk-study-100603197","NCT07133386","TRicuspid Uk STudy","TRUST Trial Protocol","TRUST","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients aged \\>18 years at recruitment\n* Severe or more symptomatic TR determined by transthoracic echocardiography\n* Optimized medical and\u002For device therapy for a minimum of 30 days\n* Medications, including diuretics should be stable over the past 30 days\n* Baseline KCCQ 75 or less on minimum 2 assessments at least 2 weeks apart\n* New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Class II or ambulatory class IV\n* Morphology of tricuspid valve suitable for TEER with expectation of a reduction of severity of TR to moderate or less\n* Willing to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Presence of anatomic or comorbid conditions, or other medical, social, or psychological conditions that, in the investigator's opinion, could limit the subject's ability to participate in the clinical investigation or to comply with follow-up requirements, or impact the scientific soundness of the clinical investigation results or result in an expected life expectancy of less than 12 months\n* Active malignancy associated with a prognosis of \\\u003C1 year\n* Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)\\\u003C20%\n* Tricuspid valve leaflet anatomy which may preclude TriClip implantation, proper clip positioning on the leaflets or sufficient reduction in TR. This may include:\n\n  * Evidence of calcification in the grasping area\n  * Presence of a severe coaptation defect (\\>10mm) of the tricuspid leaflets. - Severe leaflet defect(s) preventing proper device placement\n  * Ebstein Anomaly - Identified by having a normal annulus position while the valve leaflets are attached to the walls and septum of the right ventricle.\n* Tricuspid valve anatomy not evaluable by transthoracic (TTE) or transoesophageal echo (TOE)\n* Rheumatic heart disease affecting the tricuspid valve\n* Indication for left-sided (e.g. severe aortic stenosis, severe mitral regurgitation) or pulmonary valve correction. Note: Patients with concomitant mitral and tricuspid valve disease will have the option of having any significant mitral regurgitation managed, then waiting 60 days prior to being reassessed for the current trial.\n* Pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) leads that would prevent appropriate placement of the TriClip.\n* Tricuspid valve stenosis - Defined as a tricuspid valve orifice of ≤ 3.0 cm2 and\u002For mean gradient ≥3 mmHg as measured by the transthoracic echocardiography\n* Pregnant\n* Unable to comply with study protocol\n* Uncontrolled systemic hypertension with a systolic blood pressure \\>180mmHg or diastolic blood pressure \\>110mmHg\n* Severe pulmonary hypertension (sPAP\\>70mmHg) or fixed pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension assessed by cardiac catheterization\n* Stroke within prior 90 days\n* Chronic dialysis\n* Bleeding disorders or hypercoagulable state\n* Active peptic ulcer or active gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding\n* Ongoing infection requiring current antibiotic therapy (if temporary illness, patients may enrol 30 days after discontinuation of antibiotics with no active infection).\n* Known allergy or hypersensitivity to device materials\n* Evidence of intracardiac, inferior vena cava (IVC), or femoral venous mass, thrombus or vegetation.\n* Enrolment in another clinical trial that involves treatment of tricuspid regurgitation",{"count":228,"type":22},150,[25],"This is a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial conducted at St Bartholomew's Hospital, John Radcliff Hospital, Royal Brompton Hospital, and Kings College London Hospital. The aim is to evaluate the benefits in health status from transcatheter edge to edge repair with the TriClip device in patients with severe or more symptomatic tricuspid regurgitation. A total of 150 patients will be recruited in a 1:1 ratio for TriClip or placebo. The primary endpoint of this study (change in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire between the treatment and placebo arm) will be analysed using a linear mixed model and compared between patients who receive the TriClip versus those who have a placebo procedure.\n\nStudy duration: 3 years",[232],"Tricuspid Regurgitation","2026-02-26",{"date":235,"type":42},"2026-02-27",{"date":237,"type":22},"2026-07-31",{"date":239,"type":22},"2028-12",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":242,"slug":243,"hasResults":11,"nctId":244,"briefTitle":245,"officialTitle":246,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":247,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":248,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":250,"briefSummary":251,"conditions":252,"keywords":256,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":233,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":259,"startDateStruct":261,"completionDateStruct":263,"leadSponsor":265,"locationsCount":50},"100400829","improving-patient-reported-outcome-measures-in-catheter-ablation-100400829","NCT04499326","Improving Patient Reported Outcome Measures in Catheter Ablation","Use of Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) to Assess Quality of Life and Economic Evaluation of Cardiac Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia: a Feasibility and Cohort Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nAdults (\\>18 years) With an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) implanted \\>3 months from time of recruitment and a previous episode of documented VT requiring therapy from the ICD.\n\nAnd impaired LV\u002FRV function Willing and able to give written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nPatients who are planning to move away from study site within 12 months of enrolment who wished to use postal method to complete their HRQL Patients who are unable to give informed consent",{"count":249,"type":22},70,[25],"This study will assess whether more frequent measurement of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) - specifically health related quality of life (HRQL) - can improve the evaluation of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD).\n\nIt is designed to have feasibility outcomes which contribute to answering the above.",[253,254,255],"Ventricular Tachycardia","ICD","Quality of Life",[33,257,258],"Patient reported outcome measure","Incremental cost effectiveness ratio",{"date":260,"type":42},"2026-03-02",{"date":262,"type":42},"2024-06-13",{"date":264,"type":22},"2026-12-31",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":267,"slug":268,"hasResults":11,"nctId":269,"briefTitle":270,"officialTitle":271,"acronym":272,"eligibilityCriteria":273,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":141,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":274,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":275,"conditions":276,"keywords":282,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":290,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":291,"startDateStruct":293,"completionDateStruct":295,"leadSponsor":296,"locationsCount":50},"100558376","nutrition-and-clinical-outcomes-in-ibd-100558376","NCT06550310","Nutrition and Clinical Outcomes in IBD","Nutrition and Body Composition and Association With Clinical Outcomes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease","NUTRICO-IBD","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis or IBD-U) starting a new advanced medical therapy\n* Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis or IBD-U) undergoing an IBD-related surgery\n* Age \\>16\n* Patients able and willing to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients below the age of 16\n* Patients who cannot provide informed consent\n* Patients with a cardiac pacemaker or internal defibrillator\n* Patients with active cancer and other disorders associated with severe cachexia",{"count":164,"type":22},"The goal of this observational study is to demonstrate that nutritional status and body composition have an impact on clinical outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).\n\nThe main objectives are:\n\n1. To compare the detection rates of undernutrition between a range of nutritional screening tools, physiological measures and assessment tools amongst patients with different IBD phenotypes\n2. To correlate nutritional status, nutritional biomarkers and body composition with clinical outcomes in patients with IBD treated with advanced medical therapy or surgery\n3. To determine a potential relationship between radiological muscle mass measurements and clinical outcomes in patients with IBD treated with advanced medical therapy or surgery\n\nParticipants will undergo an assessment at pre-treatment baseline and then again at their scheduled follow-up. This is a non-interventional study and participants will not be required to have any invasive tests or hospital visits beyond that of standard clinical care.",[277,278,279,280,281],"Inflammatory Bowel Diseases","Crohn Disease","Ulcerative Colitis","Malnutrition","Sarcopenia",[283,284,285,286,287,281,288,289],"Body composition","Nutritional status","Nutritional markers","Nutritional screening tools","Nutritional assessment","Radiological muscle mass","Inflammatory bowel disease","2026-02-17",{"date":292,"type":42},"2026-02-19",{"date":294,"type":42},"2024-10-24",{"date":239,"type":22},{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":298,"slug":299,"hasResults":11,"nctId":300,"briefTitle":301,"officialTitle":301,"acronym":302,"eligibilityCriteria":303,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":304,"enrollmentInfo":305,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":307,"conditions":308,"keywords":311,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":315,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":316,"startDateStruct":318,"completionDateStruct":320,"leadSponsor":322,"locationsCount":50},"100493407","evoke-ecap-controlled-lead-placement-and-programming-in-chronic-pain-patients-100493407","NCT05704751","EVOKE ECAP-Controlled Lead Placement and Programming in Chronic Pain Patients","ECAP","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Be 18-75 years of age or older at the time of enrolment.\n2. Symptoms of chronic predominant back pain for at least 6-months, with a minimum pain intensity of 5\u002F10 in the primary pain area on VAS pain intensity questionnaire.\n3. Be an appropriate candidate for the surgical procedures required in this study based on the clinical judgment of the implanting physician.\n4. Be capable of subjective evaluation, able to read and understand English-written questionnaires, and able to read, understand and sign the written inform consent in English.\n5. Be willing and capable of giving informed consent.\n6. Be willing and able to comply with study-related requirements, procedures, and visits.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nHave a medical condition or pain in other area(s), not intended to be treated with SCS, that could interfere with study procedures, accurate pain reporting, and\u002For confound evaluation of study endpoints, as determined by the Investigator.\n\n2\\. Have evidence of an active disruptive psychological or psychiatric disorder or other known condition significant enough to impact perception of pain, compliance of intervention, and\u002For ability to evaluate treatment outcomes.\n\n3\\. Subjects with chronic alcohol abuse or currently in rehabilitation. 4. Be benefitting within from an interventional procedure and\u002For surgery to treat chronic pain (Subjects should be enrolled at least 30 days from last benefit).\n\n5\\. Have prior experience with SCS. 6. Have an existing drug pump and\u002For another active implantable device such as a pacemaker.\n\n7\\. Have a condition currently requiring or likely to require the use of diathermy.\n\n8\\. Have an active systemic or local infection at the anticipated needle entry site.\n\n9\\. Be pregnant (if female and sexually active, subject must be using a reliable form of birth control, be surgically sterile or be at least 2 years post-menopausal).\n\n10\\. Are currently nursing (if female).\n\n11\\. Be concomitantly participating in another clinical study.","75 Years",{"count":306,"type":22},20,"This study is designed to evaluate the feasibility of using intra-operative ECAP and Late-Response (LR) recordings for confirmation of activating the neuronal target of the dorsal column in a single-stage SCS lead placement procedure. The collected ECAP and LR data will be analysed post-hoc to further evaluate its utility for determining the laterality of lead placement with respect to the physiologic midline of the dorsal column.",[309,310],"Back Pain Lower Back Chronic","Spinal Cord Stimulation",[312,313,314],"closed loop","spinal cord stimulation","chronic back pain","2026-01-07",{"date":317,"type":42},"2026-01-08",{"date":319,"type":42},"2023-10-27",{"date":321,"type":22},"2026-04-01",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":324,"slug":325,"hasResults":11,"nctId":326,"briefTitle":327,"officialTitle":328,"acronym":329,"eligibilityCriteria":330,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":331,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":333,"briefSummary":335,"conditions":336,"keywords":339,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":343,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":344,"startDateStruct":345,"completionDateStruct":347,"leadSponsor":349,"locationsCount":50},"100493952","phase-2-assessing-the-safety-and-effectiveness-of-intracoronary-stem-cells-in-patients-with-refractory-angina-100493952","NCT05711849","Assessing the Safety and Effectiveness of Intracoronary Stem Cells in Patients With Refractory Angina","A Phase II Randomised Sham-controlled Trial Assessing the Safety and Efficacy of Intracoronary Administration of Autologous Bone Marrow Cells in Patients With Refractory Angina","RegenCobra","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Subject is older than 18 years of age\n2. Symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD) with greater than or equal to 90 days of persistent refractory angina pectoris classified as CCS Grade III or IV despite maximally tolerated guideline directed medical therapy\n3. Must have attempted treatment with the maximally tolerated dose of at least two of the four approved classes of anti-anginal agents: long-acting nitrates, calcium channel blockers (either a dihydropyridine or a non-dihydropyridine), beta blockers, and ranolazine. The regimen must be stable for greater than 2 months prior to enrolment, with no intent to change the medical regimen for at least 12 months after randomisation\n4. Subject has either no treatment options for revascularization by coronary artery bypass grafting or by percutaneous coronary intervention, or is otherwise unsuitable or high risk for revascularization\n5. Evidence of either exercise or pharmacologically induced reversible ischemia severity by stress echo, nuclear study, PET, perfusion MRI, CT perfusion, FFRCT, FFR, iFR, or other non-hyperaemic tests.\n6. Functional limitation due to refractory angina as defined by a modified Bruce exercise tolerance test duration of greater than or equal to 2 minutes but less than or equal to 8 minutes\n7. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) greater than or equal to 30% within the 12- months prior to procedure (must be reassessed after any intervening myocardial infarction); the most recent LVEF assessment is used as the qualifying test\n8. Subject is willing and able to sign informed consent\n9. Subject is willing to comply with the specified follow-up evaluations\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Recent (within 30 days prior to enrolment) troponin or CKMB positive acute coronary syndrome (NSTEMI or STEMI).\n2. Recent successful revascularization by CABG or PCI within six months prior to enrolment\n3. Recent unsuccessful PCI (e.g., no relief from symptoms, failed attempt to open a chronic total occlusion) within 30 days prior to enrolment\n4. The predominant manifestation of angina is dyspnoea\n5. Has extra-coronary contributory causes of angina - e.g., untreated hyperthyroidism, anaemia (hgb \\\u003C10 g\u002FdL), uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure \\>160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure \\>100 mmHg despite medications), atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response (consistently \\>100 bpm despite medications) or other tachyarrhythmia, severe aortic stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction or asymmetric septal hypertrophy (concentric left ventricular hypertrophy is not an exclusion criterion), etc.\n6. NYHA Class III or IV heart failure (HF), decompensated HF or hospitalisation due to HF during the 90 days prior to enrolment\n7. Life threatening rhythm disorders or any rhythm disorders that would require future placement of an internal defibrillator and\u002For pacemaker\n8. Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as indicated by a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) that is less than 55% of the predicted value, or need for home daytime oxygen or oral steroids\n9. Severe valvular heart disease (any valve)\n10. Moderate or severe RV dysfunction by echocardiography\n11. Chronic severe renal failure (estimated eGFR less than 30 mL\u002Fmin\u002F1.73m2 by the MDRD formula)\n12. Any clinical condition that might interfere with the trial protocol or the subject's ability to be compliant with the trial protocol (e.g., active alcohol or drug abuse, dementia, etc.)\n13. Currently enrolled in another investigational device or drug trial that has not reached its primary endpoint or that might clinically interfere with the current trial endpoints or procedures\n14. Pregnant or planning pregnancy within the next 12 months (women of reproductive potential must have a negative pregnancy test within 7 days of the randomisation procedure)\\*\n15. Subject is part of a vulnerable population who, in the judgment of the investigator, is unable to give Informed Consent for reasons of incapacity, immaturity, adverse personal circumstances or lack of autonomy. This may include individuals with mental disability, persons in nursing homes, children, impoverished persons, persons in emergency situations, homeless persons, nomads, refugees, and those incapable of giving informed consent. Vulnerable populations also may include members of a group with a hierarchical structure such as university students, subordinate hospital and laboratory personnel, employees of the Sponsor, members of the armed forces, and persons kept in detention.\n16. Inability to tolerate dual antiplatelet therapy for 1 month if not on a chronic oral anticoagulant, or inability to tolerate a P2Y12 inhibitor for at least 1 month if on a chronic oral anticoagulant\n17. Comorbidities limiting life expectancy to less than one year if recorded in patient's notes\n18. Documented acute infection in patient's notes\n19. Immunosuppressive medication\n20. Inability to understand written and verbal English",{"count":332,"type":22},110,[334],"PHASE2","REGENERATE-COBRA will examine whether autologous stem cell treatment can improve angina symptoms and quality of life for patients with refractory angina. Patients will be randomised (randomly allocated with a 50:50 chance) to either the 'treatment' or the 'sham' group - they will not know which group they are in.\n\nIn the 'treatment' group:\n\n* Stem cells will be collected from bone marrow in the patient's hip under local anaesthetic (a bone marrow aspiration).\n* Under local anaesthetic, the stem cells will be infused into the arteries that supply blood to the heart through a small tube inserted either in the wrist or the groin.\n* The follow-up involves a phone call at 1 month and 12 months and clinic visit at 6 months.\n\nIn the 'sham' group:\n\n* A sham bone marrow aspiration is performed - a 3mm nick in the skin will be made under local anaesthetic.\n* A sham cell infusion is performed - a small tube is inserted either in the wrist or groin under local anaesthetic.\n* The follow-up involves a phone call at 1 month and 12 months and clinic visit at 6 months.",[337,338],"Refractory Angina Pectoris","Refractory Angina",[340,341,342],"Angina","Autologous stem cells","Stem cells","2026-01-05",{"date":315,"type":42},{"date":346,"type":42},"2024-03-01",{"date":348,"type":22},"2026-08-31",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":351,"slug":352,"hasResults":11,"nctId":353,"briefTitle":354,"officialTitle":355,"acronym":356,"eligibilityCriteria":357,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":358,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":360,"conditions":361,"keywords":369,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":343,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":375,"startDateStruct":376,"completionDateStruct":378,"leadSponsor":380,"locationsCount":50},"100343574","recovery-from-icuaw-following-severe-respiratory-and-cardiac-failure-100343574","NCT03753412","Recovery From ICUAW Following Severe Respiratory and Cardiac Failure","Prospective Observational Study Regarding the Determinants of Functional Disability and Quality of Life in Patients Recovering From Severe Acute Cardiac or Respiratory Failure Considered for Mechanical Cardiorespiratory Support (CLEVERER)","CLEVERER","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Above the age of 18\n* Adults with severe cardio-respiratory failure requiring ECMO.\n* Adults who have had personal and professional consultees agree to enrol them in the trial.\n\nExclusion criteria:\n\n* Previous Stroke\n* Neuromuscular disease\n* Malignancy\n* Underlying neuromuscular disease\n* paediatrics",{"count":359,"type":22},100,"To observe and identify determinants of recovery from intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) following a severe cardiorespiratory failure requiring extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Additionally, to discover the effects of ICUAW on physical function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after critical illness. CLEVERER is a clinical observational pilot study.",[362,363,364,365,366,367,368],"Intensive Care Unit Syndrome","Intensive Care Neuropathy","Intensive Care (ICU) Myopathy","Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","Cardiac Failure","Respiratory Failure","Critical Illness Myopathy",[370,371,372,373,374],"Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)","Intensive Care Unit Acquired Weakness (ICUAW)","Critical Illness Polyneuromyopathy (CIPM)","Ultrasound (US)","Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL)",{"date":315,"type":42},{"date":377,"type":42},"2019-04-09",{"date":379,"type":22},"2026-09-26",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":382,"slug":383,"hasResults":11,"nctId":384,"briefTitle":385,"officialTitle":386,"acronym":387,"eligibilityCriteria":388,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":389,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":390,"conditions":391,"keywords":396,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":401,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":402,"startDateStruct":404,"completionDateStruct":406,"leadSponsor":408,"locationsCount":50},"100598825","muscle-wasting-and-dysphagia-in-critically-ill-patients-signal-100598825","NCT07076524","MuScle WastIng and DysphaGia iN CriticAlly IlL Patients (SIGNAL)","The Relationship Between Oral and Suprahyoid Muscle Wasting and Dysphagia in Critically Ill Patients","SIGNAL","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults \\>18 years\n* Receiving mechanical ventilation via endotracheal tube and\u002For tracheostomy. Expected to receive ventilation for at least 72 hours.\n* Expected to survive admission and spend more than 7 days in the intensive care unit.\n\nControl participants\n\n* Adults \\>18 years\n* Receiving ward-based care.\n* Expected to survive hospital admission. Present with a primary medical diagnosis of acute medical or surgical illness, not requiring critical care admission.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nApplies to both critically ill and control participants.\n\n* Pregnancy\n* Patients with a diagnosis of a primary neuromuscular pathology (e.g., motor neurone disease), central nervous system disease (e.g., stroke, Guillain barre), traumatic brain injury, connective tissue disease (e.g., scleroderma), head and neck cancer, previous surgery or radiotherapy to the head and neck.",{"count":119,"type":22},"The goal of this study is to find out how muscle wasting in the mouth and throat affects swallowing (dysphagia) in adults who are critically ill and being treated in intensive care units.\n\nThe main aims of this research study are to understand: how much and how quickly the oral and suprahyoid muscles waste in critically ill participants, and whether muscle wasting causes problems with swallowing. The investigators will compare critically ill participants with non-critically ill participants to determine if muscle wasting is linked to swallowing problems.\n\nIn this study, participants will have the size and strength of their mouth and throat muscles measured at four different times during their critical care admission and hospital stay. Tests will also be performed to check how well and how safely participants can swallow. Tongue strength will be measured, and participants will answer questions about their experience with swallowing and eating using patient-reported outcome measures.\n\nThis study may help identify better ways to diagnose and treat swallowing problems in people who are critically ill, to support safe eating and drinking and promote faster recovery.",[392,393,394,395],"Critical Illness","Dysphagia","Muscle Wasting in Critically Ill","Swallowing Disorders",[397,398,399,400],"dysphagia","critical illness","swallowing disorders","muscle wasting","2025-11-17",{"date":403,"type":42},"2025-11-18",{"date":405,"type":42},"2025-08-01",{"date":407,"type":22},"2028-01-31",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":410,"slug":411,"hasResults":11,"nctId":412,"briefTitle":413,"officialTitle":414,"acronym":415,"eligibilityCriteria":416,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":417,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":418,"briefSummary":419,"conditions":420,"keywords":424,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":401,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":429,"startDateStruct":430,"completionDateStruct":432,"leadSponsor":434,"locationsCount":50},"100596574","substrate-remodelling-and-targeted-ablation-in-af-100596574","NCT07047235","Substrate Remodelling and Targeted Ablation in AF","Understanding Substrate Evolution in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation to Develop Tailored Ablation Strategies","STRATA-AF","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Able and willing to provide written informed consent\n* Age: 18 years or older\n* Clinical diagnosis: Persistent atrial fibrillation\n* Treatment status: Scheduled to undergo first-time catheter ablation for persistent AF\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Inability or unwillingness to provide informed consent\n* Under 18 years of age\n* Previous left atrial ablation for AF or other atrial arrhythmias\n* Any clinical contraindications to undergoing AF catheter ablation",{"count":119,"type":22},[25],"Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disorder, affecting millions worldwide and causing symptoms such as palpitations, fatigue and breathlessness. It also increases the risk of stroke and heart failure, so effective treatment is essential.\n\nA treatment for AF involves catheter ablation, a minimally invasive procedure where problematic areas of the heart are targeted using controlled energy. This is done by passing wires called catheters, through blood vessels at the top of the leg all the way to the heart. However, this isn't effective for everyone and approximately half of patients experience a return of AF despite treatment.\n\nIn this researcher-led study at St Bartholomew's Hospital , the investigators will use a method called electroanatomical mapping to make a 3D picture of the left atrium, the heart's upper left chamber. To make this picture more detailed, information will be collected - such as how strong electrical signals are (voltage), how fast and in which direction they travel through the heart to describe abnormal areas and areas of scar within the heart. Information will also be gathered about the routes electricity takes and the nerve activity in the heart muscle. These detailed maps will help to understand why AF can continue indefinitely in some people, why ablation works for some people and not others, and improve how ablations are done to make them more effective.\n\nAll participants will undergo catheter ablation with these mapping methods integrated into the procedure. If AF recurs, patients will be invited for a second ablation targeting specific abnormal areas depending on the amount of scar found. This will be standardised across patients.\n\nPatients will be followed for 12 months, with structured visits at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months and 48-hour ECG recorders at 6 and 12 months. By tracking how the heart's structure and electrical behaviour evolve, the aim is to to see if map-guided ablation reduces the need for further procedures, lowers healthcare costs and improves quality of life.\n\nUltimately, this study will provide clear, reproducible insights into AF mechanisms and yield practical guidance so clinicians can predict who will benefit from standard ablation treatment and who may require extra, map-guided treatment.",[96,421,422,423],"Atrial Fibrillation Mechanisms","Catheter Ablation","Low Voltage Areas",[425,426,427,428],"ganglionic plexi","autonomic remodelling","substrate remodelling","conduction velocity",{"date":403,"type":42},{"date":431,"type":42},"2025-11-07",{"date":433,"type":22},"2030-08-18",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":436,"slug":437,"hasResults":11,"nctId":438,"briefTitle":439,"officialTitle":440,"acronym":441,"eligibilityCriteria":442,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":443,"targetDuration":444,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":445,"conditions":446,"keywords":448,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":401,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":454,"startDateStruct":455,"completionDateStruct":457,"leadSponsor":458,"locationsCount":50},"100495221","genomic-determinants-of-outcome-in-cardiogenic-shock-100495221","NCT05728359","Genomic Determinants of Outcome in Cardiogenic Shock","Prospective Observational Study Investigating Genomic Determinants of Outcome From Cardiogenic Shock (GOlDilOCS)","Goldilocs","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* All of the following are required for inclusion following screening:\n\n  * Willing to provide informed consent or appropriate consent from a nominated consultee or personal consultee\n  * Presentation within 24 hours of onset of ACS symptoms.\n  * CS can only be secondary to ACS (Type 1 MI STEMI or N-STEMI) or myocarditis\n  * Planned or completed revascularisation of culprit coronary artery\n\nCS will be defined by:\n\n* Systolic blood pressure \\\u003C90 mmHg for at least 30 minutes\n* A requirement for a continuous infusion of vasopressor or inotropic therapy to maintain systolic blood pressure \\> 90 mmHg.\n* Clinical signs of pulmonary congestion, plus signs of impaired organ perfusion with at least one of the following manifestations:\n\n  * altered mental status.\n  * cold and clammy skin and limbs.\n  * oliguria with a urine output of less than 30 ml per hour.\n  * elevated arterial lactate level of \\>2.0 mmol per litre.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Any of the inclusion criteria not met and:\n\n  1. Unwilling to provide informed consent.\n  2. Echocardiographic evidence (recorded within 90 mins of end of PCI procedure) of mechanical cause for CS: eg ventricular septal defect, LV-free wall rupture, ischaemic mitral regurgitation.\n  3. Age \\\u003C18 and ≥80 years.\n  4. Shock from another cause (sepsis, haemorrhagic\u002Fhypovolaemic shock, anaphylaxis, etc).\n  5. Significant systemic illness\n  6. Known dementia of any severity\n  7. Comorbidity with life expectancy \\\u003C12 months.\n  8. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and any of the following:\n\n     1. No return of spontaneous circulation (ongoing resuscitation effort)\n     2. pH \\\u003C7\n     3. Without bystander CPR within 10 minutes of collapse\n  9. Arterial lactate level of \\\u003C2.0 mmol per litre.",{"count":164,"type":22},"1 Month","The aim of this project is to understand the heterogeneity of both the immune consequences and treatment responses in CS. We will explore this heterogeneity through identification of transcriptomic sub-phenotypes and their association with outcomes, including therapeutic responses.",[447],"Cardiogenic Shock",[449,447,450,451,452,453],"ACS,","ECMO","Impella","Gene Expression","Endotype",{"date":403,"type":42},{"date":456,"type":42},"2022-08-08",{"date":264,"type":22},{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":460,"slug":461,"hasResults":11,"nctId":462,"briefTitle":463,"officialTitle":464,"acronym":465,"eligibilityCriteria":466,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":467,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":468,"briefSummary":469,"conditions":470,"keywords":473,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":480,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":481,"startDateStruct":483,"completionDateStruct":485,"leadSponsor":487,"locationsCount":50},"100561922","a-study-to-obtain-imaging-data-in-40-patients-having-transcatheter-aortic-valve-implantation-tavi-100561922","NCT06596460","A Study to Obtain Imaging Data in 40 Patients Having Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI)","Single Centre Prospective Study to Obtain Data to Train an Algorithm for Prediction of Outcome in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI)","CONTINUUM-CT","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* ≥ 18 years of age\n* Symptomatic, degenerative, tricuspid, severe aortic stenosis\n* TTE derived aortic valve area (AVA) of ≤ 1.0 cm2 (or indexed effective orifice area (EOAi) ≤ 0.6 cm2 \u002Fm2)\n* TTE derived AV mean gradient ≥ 40 mmHg or peak jet velocity ≥ 4.0 m\u002Fs or Doppler Velocity Index (DVI) ≤ 0.25\n* CT TAVI deemed of good quality (as per standard operating procedure) within past 6 months\n* TTE of good quality within past 6 months as defined by:\n\n  * Doppler signal across the aortic valve and LVOT is a clear and artifact-free waveform\n  * Correct alignment to the blood flow direction to ensure accurate velocity measurements\n  * Following measurements available\n  * Continuous-wave Doppler (CW) across the aortic valve\n  * AV Vmax, AV Vmean, AV peak gradient (MaxPG), AV mean gradient (meanPG), AV Velocity-Time integral (VTI), heart rate (HR);\n  * Pulse-wave Doppler (PW) across the LVOT\n  * LVOT Vmax, LVOT Vmean, LVOT MaxPG, LVOT meanPG, LVOT VTI;\n  * 2D LVOT diameter in plax view.\n* In sinus rhythm at time of any TTE or CT scans\n* Undergone a technically successful elective TAVI as defined by the operator using a Edwards Sapien 3 Ultra (20, 23, 26 or 29 mm):\n\n  * Position and height as planned\n  * Trivial aortic regurgitation\n  * No vascular or other complications prolonging discharge\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Life expectancy \\\u003C6 months\n* Rockwood frailty score \\>6\n* Mixed aortic valve disease with predominant aortic regurgitation that is at least moderate.\n* Moderate-severe mitral regurgitation and\u002For mitral stenosis.\n* Congenital unicuspid or congenital bicuspid aortic valve as verified by echocardiography or CT\n* Previous TAVI or Aortic Valve Replacement (AVR)\n* Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) \\\u003C 50%\n* On or planned oral anticoagulation\n* Chronic severe renal failure (estimated glomerule filtration rate (eGFR)) less than 30 mL\u002Fmin\u002F1.73m2 by the MDRD equation or requiring dialysis)\n* Evidence of an acute myocardial infarction within 30 days prior to index procedure\n* Untreated clinically significant coronary artery disease requiring revascularization\n* Blood dyscrasias as defined: leukopenia (WBC \\\u003C 3000mm3), acute anaemia (Hb \\\u003C 9g\u002FdL), thrombocytopenia (platelet count \\\u003C 50,000 cells\u002Fmm3); history of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy\n* Active peptic ulcer or upper GI bleeding within 3 months prior to index procedure that would preclude anticoagulation\n* Those lacking capacity to consent or are deemed vulnerable adults\n* Requires permanent pacemaker\n* Pregnancy or the possibility of pregnancy as reported by the participant.",{"count":143,"type":22},[25],"The aim of this study is to learn if the Computed Tomography scan (CT scan) and heart echo scan TransThoracic Echo scan (TTE or heart echo scan) taken before a Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) procedure can be used to predict how the new TAVI valve will perform in the future.\n\nTo do this the investigators need the usual CT scan before and a new CT scan after the TAVI valve has been put in. At present a CT scan after TAVI procedure is not routinely done. Male and female patients with severe Aortic Stenosis (AS) will be asked to take part.\n\nThe data from the scans along with routine measures that are taken will be used to assess if there has been any deterioration in the valve at six months.\n\nThe scan data collected will be used in a computer programme. This programme will be trained to predict TAVI valve performance.\n\nThe main purpose of this study is to collect the CT scan data before and after the TAVI procedure.\n\nThe study aims to answer:\n\n• Can the investigators obtain additional CT imaging data and other data before and after TAVI to enable the prediction of valve performance?\n\nParticipants will be asked if they would have another CT scan 6 months after their TAVI procedure, during their routine follow up.",[471,472],"Aortic Stenosis, Severe","Aortic Valve Stenosis",[474,475,476,477,478,479],"Heart","Valve","Implantation","Transcatheter","CT","Computerised Tomography","2025-09-01",{"date":482,"type":42},"2025-09-03",{"date":484,"type":42},"2024-07-09",{"date":486,"type":22},"2026-09-12",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":489,"slug":490,"hasResults":11,"nctId":491,"briefTitle":492,"officialTitle":493,"acronym":494,"eligibilityCriteria":495,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":496,"enrollmentInfo":497,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":499,"briefSummary":500,"conditions":501,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":480,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":503,"startDateStruct":504,"completionDateStruct":506,"leadSponsor":508,"locationsCount":50},"100523481","investigation-of-cardioversion-versus-therapeutic-ablation-for-persistent-af-orbica-af-100523481","NCT06096246","Investigation of Cardioversion Versus Therapeutic Ablation for Persistent AF (ORBICA-AF)","Objective Randomised Blinded Investigation of Cardioversion Versus Ablation for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation (ORBICA-AF)","ORBICA-AF","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Ability to give informed consent\n* Age 18-85 years\n* Persistent AF (atrial fibrillation lasting \\> 7days) of total continuous duration \\\u003C2 years as documented in medical notes.\n* Patients being considered for cardioversion.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Creatinine clearance (eGFR) \\\u003C 30mls\u002Fmin\n* Contraindication or unable to take anticoagulation\n* Uncontrolled hypertension\n* Contraindication for catheter ablation\n* BMI \\> 40\n* Patients in Persistent AF who have had more than one previous cardioversion.\n* Established diagnosis of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","85 Years",{"count":498,"type":22},208,[25],"The main aim of the research is to investigate whether patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation with catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) will have lower rates of AF recurrence than those treated by DC cardioversion without an ablation procedure.",[28,502,422],"Cardiac Arrhythmia",{"date":482,"type":42},{"date":505,"type":42},"2024-07-26",{"date":507,"type":22},"2027-12-05",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":510,"slug":511,"hasResults":11,"nctId":512,"briefTitle":513,"officialTitle":513,"acronym":514,"eligibilityCriteria":515,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":496,"enrollmentInfo":516,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":518,"briefSummary":519,"conditions":520,"keywords":524,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":528,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":529,"startDateStruct":531,"completionDateStruct":533,"leadSponsor":535,"locationsCount":50},"100492774","stereotactic-ablative-radiotherapy-for-the-treatment-of-refractory-ventricular-tachycardia-100492774","NCT05696522","Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for the Treatment of Refractory Ventricular Tachycardia","SABRE-VT","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. They are at least 18-85 years old.\n2. They have recurrent VT (at least three episodes in the preceding six months) requiring therapy from an ICD, that is refractory to conventional treatments - both maximally tolerated doses of anti- arrhythmic drugs and\u002For conventional catheter ablation.\n3. They are too frail or do not wish to undergo conventional catheter ablation.\n4. They have not had previous radiotherapy to the anticipated treatment field.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. They have polymorphic VT or ventricular fibrillation (VF).\n2. They have inotrope-dependent heart failure or a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) in situ.\n3. They are unlikely to live more than 12 months irrespective of the VT.\n4. There is a potentially reversible cause for the VT e.g. critical coronary artery disease or a metabolic problem such as an overactive thyroid gland.\n5. They are unable to provide informed consent.\n6. They have had previous radiotherapy to the anticipated treatment field.\n7. The patient weighs in excess of 170kg (maximum weight capacity of the tables in the imaging department).",{"count":517,"type":22},6,[25],"Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is an abnormal rhythm arising from the bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart. The hearts of most patients who develop VT have been previously damaged by a myocardial infarction (heart attack) or other heart muscle diseases (cardiomyopathies). The damage produces scar or fatty deposits that conduct electrical impulses slowly allowing VT to occur. Recurrent episodes of VT can compromise heart function and increase mortality.\n\nVT is prevented by special drugs but these are not always effective and can have many side effects. Most patients with VT will also have a specialised device called an implantable defibrillator (ICD) implanted. The ICD treats VT by either stimulating the heart rapidly or delivering a shock to it. ICDs are very effective but the shocks are painful and have a big impact on quality of life. If VT occurs despite optimal drug treatment, patients undergo an invasive procedure called catheter ablation. Here, wires are passed into the heart from the blood vessels in the leg and the damaged heart muscle causing the VT is identified whilst the heart is in VT. An electrical current is passed down the wire making its tip heat up allowing discrete burns (ablation) to be placed inside the heart. The ablated heart muscle doesn't conduct electricity which stops the VT and prevents it recurring.\n\nSome patients are so frail that ablation cannot be performed safely. A recent clinical trial has shown that VT can be treated in such patients using radiotherapy, which is usually used to treat tumours with high energy radiation. This approach is non-invasive, painless and requires no sedation or anaesthesia.\n\nThis study will test whether VT can be successfully treated using stereotactic ablative radiotherapy. This can deliver high dose radiotherapy very precisely, whilst minimising the risk of damage to healthy tissues.",[521,253,522,523],"Radiotherapy; Complications","Structural Heart Abnormality","Heart Failure",[525,526,527],"radiotherapy","ventricular tachycardia","heart failure","2025-06-18",{"date":530,"type":42},"2025-06-19",{"date":532,"type":42},"2023-01-12",{"date":534,"type":22},"2026-05-02",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":537,"slug":538,"hasResults":11,"nctId":539,"briefTitle":540,"officialTitle":541,"acronym":542,"eligibilityCriteria":543,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":544,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":546,"conditions":547,"keywords":550,"overallStatus":38,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":555,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":556,"startDateStruct":558,"completionDateStruct":560,"leadSponsor":562,"locationsCount":50},"100129030","development-of-a-biomarker-panel-for-the-earlier-prediction-of-acute-kidney-injury-in-patients-with-diabetes-100129030","NCT00948116","Development of a Biomarker Panel for the Earlier Prediction of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Diabetes","Development of a Biomarker Panel for the Earlier Prediction of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Coronary Revascularisation","BIOMARKERS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Age \\> 18 years, known diabetes mellitus or BM on arrival consistent with probable diagnosis of diabetes, eGFR \\\u003C60 ml\u002Fmin\n2. Undergoing a PCI procedure\n3. Agrees to the additional collection of blood and urine samples as outlined above\n4. Agrees to access of their clinical records for the collection of relevant medical data\n5. No history or signs of drug abuse\n6. Able to understand and sign the written Informed Consent Form\n7. Able and willing to follow the Protocol requirements\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Cardiogenic shock\n2. Pregnancy\n3. Patient on renal replacement therapy (haemodialysis\u002FCAPD\u002Frenal transplant)\n4. Known clinically significant infection such as HIV, Hepatitis or TB\n5. Any patient determined not able to make a reasoned, informed consent prior to the planned interventional procedure",{"count":545,"type":22},250,"Patients living with diabetes mellitus have double the risk of kidney failure compared to patients without diabetes following use of dye in many x-rays and procedures to diagnose and treat narrowing of the arteries (blood vessels) in the heart that can lead to angina or a heart attack. Heart disease is the commonest cause of death in patients with diabetes. People with diabetes are more likely to need these tests\u002Ftreatments. By identifying those at greater risk of kidney complications we may be able to make these tests\u002Ftreatments safer and offer them to more patients with diabetes.",[548,549],"Diabetes Mellitus","Renal Impairment",[551,549,552,553,554],"Diabetes mellitus","Acute Kidney Injury","Coronary revascularisation","eGFR \u003C60ml\u002Fmin","2024-12-05",{"date":557,"type":42},"2024-12-10",{"date":559,"type":42},"2009-06-24",{"date":561,"type":22},"2025-12-31",{"name":48,"class":49},{"id":564,"slug":565,"hasResults":11,"nctId":566,"briefTitle":567,"officialTitle":568,"acronym":569,"eligibilityCriteria":570,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":571,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":4,"briefSummary":572,"conditions":573,"keywords":577,"overallStatus":168,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":583,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":584,"startDateStruct":586,"completionDateStruct":588,"leadSponsor":590,"locationsCount":50},"100395582","immune-responsiveness-and-outcome-after-aortic-valve-surgery-measure-100395582","NCT04430972","Immune Responsiveness and Outcome After Aortic Valve Surgery (Measure)","Is Pre-operative Impaired imMune rEsponsiveness Associated With Adverse Outcome Following Aortic Valve Replacement SURgEry (MEASURE)","Measure","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n• Patients undergoing first-time open aortic valve replacement surgery\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age less than 18y (capacity to consent)\n* Ongoing sepsis (immunomodulatory effects, established influence on outcome from surgery)\n* Immunosuppressive therapy\n* Suffering from known immunosuppressive disease\n* Pregnancy (immunosuppressive aspects to pregnancy)",{"count":228,"type":22},"There is considerable morbidity and mortality associated with cardiac surgery. Currently little effort is made to quantify how well the immune system of an individual can cope with inflammation or infection to which they are exposed during surgery.\n\nThe investigators have previously demonstrated that having higher pre-operative antibody levels is associated with a lower risk of infection and a shorter stay in hospital after cardiac surgery.\n\nThe investigators aim to study 150 patients undergoing aortic valve replacement and explore their dynamic immune responsiveness. The investigators will determine if this response is correlated with the post-operative outcome (development of post-operative infection or increased length of hospital stay).\n\nThe investigators will compare this response with the previously measured static markers of immune competence and also with a novel device that may give a more rapid measure of dynamic immunity.\n\nThe investigators will approach patients in the cardiac surgical pre-assessment clinic to see if they are willing to participate in the study.\n\nImmediately once under anaesthetic blood will be taken for testing and then again at the end of surgery, 24h after surgery, at discharge from hospital, and at follow-up clinic approximately 4 weeks later. There will be no additional needle insertions on top of those routinely performed. The investigators will collect data from the routine observations as far as 1 year after surgery.\n\nIf the investigators can show an association between immune function and subsequent post-operative outcome it may be possible to determine ways to improve outcomes for patients undergoing heart surgery.\n\nThis might include better information on risks and benefits of surgery, actively boosting immune function (vaccination, immune-nutrition), passively improving immunity (administering antibodies), or consider current alternatives to open heart surgery where the threat of infection or inflammation may be markedly reduced (eg trans-catheter aortic valve implantation)",[574,575,576],"Aortic Valve Disease","Surgery--Complications","Immune System Disorder",[578,579,580,581,582],"staphylococcus","EndoCAb","Immunity","Cardiac Surgical Procedure","sepsis","2024-11-15",{"date":585,"type":42},"2024-11-18",{"date":587,"type":22},"2025-09",{"date":589,"type":22},"2026-09",{"name":48,"class":49},""]