[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"leadSponsorName\":\"Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital\",\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:":587},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":7,"results":8},null,26,0,25,[9,46,74,93,114,134,167,189,213,238,258,275,295,316,340,361,392,416,439,465,484,498,518,545,563],{"id":10,"slug":11,"hasResults":12,"nctId":13,"briefTitle":14,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":15,"eligibilityCriteria":16,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":19,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":23,"conditions":24,"keywords":29,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":34,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":35,"startDateStruct":38,"completionDateStruct":40,"leadSponsor":42,"locationsCount":45},"100645032","can-serum-lumican-level-identify-a-hidden-fragility-phenotype-beyond-bone-mineral-density-in-postmenopausal-women-100645032",false,"NCT07677072","Can Serum Lumican Level Identify a Hidden Fragility Phenotype Beyond Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women?","LUMINOS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nInclusion Criteria:\n\n* Female sex\n* Age 45 years or older\n* Postmenopausal status\n* Attendance at the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation outpatient clinic\n* Undergoing routine bone mineral density (DEXA) assessment and osteoporosis laboratory evaluation\n* Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Premenopausal women\n* Secondary causes of osteoporosis (e.g., malignancy, advanced renal failure, severe liver disease, significant endocrine disorders)\n* Active infection or acute inflammatory disease\n* Major surgery within the previous 6 months\n* Neurological or muscular disorders that may significantly affect muscle function\n* Inability to comply with study procedures and assessments\n* Current treatment with medications that significantly affect bone metabolism, including bisphosphonates, denosumab, teriparatide, or other anti-osteoporotic agents\n* Refusal or inability to provide written informed consent","FEMALE","45 Years",{"count":20,"type":21},98,"ESTIMATED","OBSERVATIONAL","Osteoporosis is a major cause of morbidity and fragility fractures in postmenopausal women. Bone mineral density (BMD) alone may not fully reflect fracture risk and skeletal fragility. Lumican, an extracellular matrix proteoglycan involved in collagen organization and musculoskeletal tissue homeostasis, has emerged as a potential biomarker for bone health. This prospective observational study aims to investigate the relationship between serum lumican levels, bone mineral density, muscle strength, and clinical fragility indicators in postmenopausal women. Approximately 100 participants will undergo routine osteoporosis assessment including DEXA, laboratory testing, FRAX evaluation, and handgrip strength measurement. The study will evaluate whether serum lumican levels can identify a hidden fragility phenotype beyond conventional bone mineral density measurements.",[25,26,27,28],"Osteoporosis","Postmenopausal Osteoporosis","Frailty","Fragility Fractures",[30,25,31,32],"Lumican","Fragility","FRAX","RECRUITING","2026-06-24",{"date":36,"type":37},"2026-06-30","ACTUAL",{"date":39,"type":37},"2026-05-15",{"date":41,"type":21},"2026-12-01",{"name":43,"class":44},"Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital","OTHER",1,{"id":47,"slug":48,"hasResults":12,"nctId":49,"briefTitle":50,"officialTitle":51,"acronym":52,"eligibilityCriteria":53,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":55,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":56,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":58,"conditions":59,"keywords":63,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":34,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":68,"startDateStruct":69,"completionDateStruct":71,"leadSponsor":73,"locationsCount":45},"100644834","functional-muscle-bone-incongruity-index-fkui-a-prospective-observational-study-100644834","NCT07677033","Functional Muscle-Bone Incongruity Index (FKUI): A Prospective Observational Study","Functional Muscle-Bone Incongruity Index (FKUI): Combined Evaluation of Handgrip Strength, Total Hip Bone Mineral Density, and Lumbar-Hip Bone Mineral Density Discordance in Adults Undergoing DXA","FKUI","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18 years or older\n* Attendance at the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation outpatient clinic\n* Scheduled to undergo routine bone mineral density assessment by DXA as part of clinical evaluation\n* Ability to perform handgrip strength testing\n* Availability of lumbar spine and total hip bone mineral density measurements suitable for analysis\n* Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age younger than 18 years\n* Secondary causes of osteoporosis (e.g., hyperparathyroidism, Cushing syndrome, malignancy, or other conditions affecting bone metabolism)\n* History of metabolic bone disease\n* Major trauma or fracture within the previous 6 months\n* Upper extremity disorders that may significantly affect handgrip strength measurement (e.g., severe osteoarthritis, neurological disorders, major deformities)\n* DXA measurements that are technically inadequate or unsuitable for analysis\n* Refusal or inability to provide written informed consent","ALL","18 Years",{"count":57,"type":21},200,"The Functional Muscle-Bone Incongruity Index (FKUI) is a novel approach developed to evaluate the relationship between muscle function and bone health. This prospective observational study aims to investigate the clinical applicability of FKUI, which combines handgrip strength, total hip bone mineral density (BMD), and lumbar-hip BMD discordance. Approximately 200 adult participants undergoing routine DXA assessment will be enrolled. The study will examine whether the combined evaluation of muscle function and bone health parameters provides a more comprehensive assessment of musculoskeletal status than individual measures alone.",[25,60,61,62],"Musculoskeletal Health","Sarcopenia","Osteopenia",[64,52,65,66,67],"Functional Muscle-Bone Incongruity Index FKUI","Bone Mineral Density","Hip-Spine Discordance","Handgrip Strength",{"date":36,"type":37},{"date":70,"type":37},"2026-05-01",{"date":72,"type":21},"2027-05-01",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":75,"slug":76,"hasResults":12,"nctId":77,"briefTitle":78,"officialTitle":78,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":79,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":55,"maxAge":80,"enrollmentInfo":81,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":83,"conditions":84,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":86,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":87,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":88,"startDateStruct":89,"completionDateStruct":90,"leadSponsor":92,"locationsCount":4},"100644233","effect-of-central-sensitization-on-response-to-physical-therapy-in-patients-with-partial-supraspinatus-tear-100644233","NCT07664137","Effect of Central Sensitization on Response to Physical Therapy in Patients With Partial Supraspinatus Tear","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nAdults aged 18 to 65 years. Diagnosis of supraspinatus partial-thickness tear confirmed by clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).\n\nPresence of shoulder pain for at least 6 weeks. Candidates for a standardized physical therapy and rehabilitation program. Ability to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nFull-thickness rotator cuff tear or history of previous shoulder surgery on the affected side.\n\nAcute fracture, shoulder dislocation, or other major traumatic injury involving the affected shoulder.\n\nInflammatory rheumatic diseases, active infection, or malignancy affecting the musculoskeletal system.\n\nNeurological disorders that may influence pain perception or upper extremity function (e.g., stroke, cervical myelopathy, peripheral neuropathy).\n\nSevere glenohumeral or acromioclavicular osteoarthritis requiring surgical treatment.\n\nReceipt of corticosteroid injection or any invasive shoulder intervention within the previous 3 months.\n\nParticipation in another structured rehabilitation program for the affected shoulder within the previous 3 months.\n\nPregnancy or inability to comply with the study protocol or complete the required questionnaires.","65 Years",{"count":82,"type":21},60,"This prospective observational study aims to investigate whether central sensitization influences the response to physical therapy in patients with partial supraspinatus tendon tears. Participants will undergo standardized clinical evaluation before treatment and after a 6-week physical therapy program. Pain intensity, shoulder function, disability, and central sensitization-related symptoms will be assessed using validated outcome measures. The study seeks to determine the relationship between baseline central sensitization status and treatment outcomes, thereby identifying factors that may predict rehabilitation success and support individualized treatment strategies for patients with partial supraspinatus tears.",[85],"Rotator Cuff Tears","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-17",{"date":34,"type":37},{"date":36,"type":21},{"date":91,"type":21},"2026-11-30",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":94,"slug":95,"hasResults":12,"nctId":96,"briefTitle":97,"officialTitle":97,"acronym":98,"eligibilityCriteria":99,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":100,"maxAge":101,"enrollmentInfo":102,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":103,"conditions":104,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":86,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":106,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":107,"startDateStruct":109,"completionDateStruct":111,"leadSponsor":113,"locationsCount":4},"100642756","effect-of-alexithymia-on-response-to-physical-therapy-in-patients-with-knee-osteoarthritis-100642756","NCT07651410","Effect of Alexithymia on Response to Physical Therapy in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis","ALEX-KOA","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nAge between 40 and 75 years. Diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria.\n\nKellgren-Lawrence grade II or III on radiographic evaluation. Presence of symptomatic knee pain requiring physical therapy. Willingness and ability to participate in the standardized physical therapy program.\n\nAbility to complete study questionnaires and clinical assessments. Provision of written informed consent prior to participation.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nAge younger than 40 years or older than 75 years. Kellgren-Lawrence grade I or grade IV knee osteoarthritis. Previous knee arthroplasty or major knee surgery on the affected side. Lower extremity surgery within the previous 6 months. Intra-articular corticosteroid, hyaluronic acid, platelet-rich plasma, prolotherapy, or stem cell injection into the knee within the previous 3 months.\n\nPhysical therapy for knee osteoarthritis within the previous 3 months. Acute knee trauma or fracture. Inflammatory rheumatic diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis).\n\nFibromyalgia or chronic widespread pain syndrome. Active infection or malignancy. Neurological disorders significantly affecting lower extremity function or balance (e.g., stroke, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis).\n\nSevere cognitive impairment or major psychiatric illness that may interfere with study participation or questionnaire completion.\n\nContraindications to physical therapy modalities (TENS, therapeutic ultrasound, or superficial heat therapy).\n\nRegular opioid analgesic use or other medications that may substantially influence pain perception.\n\nPregnancy or breastfeeding. Inability to comply with the treatment protocol or follow-up assessments. Participation in another interventional clinical study during the study period. Refusal or inability to provide written informed consent.\n\n\\-","40 Years","75 Years",{"count":82,"type":21},"Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common degenerative joint diseases and is associated with chronic pain, functional impairment, and reduced quality of life. Psychological factors may influence both symptom severity and response to treatment. Alexithymia, characterized by difficulty in identifying and expressing emotions, has been associated with poorer outcomes in chronic pain conditions.\n\nThe aim of this prospective observational study is to investigate whether the presence of alexithymia affects the clinical response to a standardized physical therapy program in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Participants will undergo a standard physical therapy regimen and will be evaluated before treatment, immediately after treatment, and 6 weeks after treatment completion. Pain, functional status, alexithymia, anxiety, and depression will be assessed using validated clinical scales. The study seeks to determine whether alexithymia is an independent predictor of treatment response in patients with knee osteoarthritis.",[105],"Knee Osteoarthritis","2026-06-11",{"date":108,"type":37},"2026-06-16",{"date":110,"type":21},"2026-06-25",{"date":112,"type":21},"2026-11-01",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":115,"slug":116,"hasResults":12,"nctId":117,"briefTitle":118,"officialTitle":119,"acronym":120,"eligibilityCriteria":121,"healthyVolunteers":122,"sex":17,"minAge":55,"maxAge":80,"enrollmentInfo":123,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":125,"conditions":126,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":86,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":106,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":128,"startDateStruct":129,"completionDateStruct":131,"leadSponsor":133,"locationsCount":4},"100641696","serum-maresin-1-levels-in-patients-with-lipedema-a-cross-sectional-study-100641696","NCT07651813","Serum Maresin-1 Levels in Patients With Lipedema: A Cross-Sectional Study","Evaluation of the Relationship Between Serum Maresin-1 Levels and Clinical and Inflammatory Parameters in Patients With Lipedema","LIP-MARES","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Female participants aged 18 to 65 years. Women with a clinical diagnosis of lipedema for the lipedema group. Women with obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg\u002Fm²) and without a diagnosis of lipedema for the obesity group.\n\nHealthy female volunteers without chronic or inflammatory diseases for the healthy control group.\n\nNo acute infection within the previous 3 months. Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Active infection at the time of enrollment. History of autoimmune or chronic inflammatory disease. History of malignancy. Pregnancy or breastfeeding. Current use of corticosteroids or immunosuppressive medications. Regular use of anti-inflammatory medications that may affect inflammatory biomarkers.\n\nAcute infection within the previous 3 months. Inability to comply with study procedures or complete study assessments. Refusal or inability to provide written informed consent.",true,{"count":124,"type":21},84,"Lipedema is a chronic and progressive adipose tissue disorder characterized by symmetrical fat accumulation, pain, tenderness, and easy bruising, predominantly affecting women. Increasing evidence suggests that chronic low-grade inflammation and impaired resolution of inflammation may contribute to its pathophysiology. Maresin-1 is a specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator with potent anti-inflammatory and tissue-protective properties; however, its role in lipedema remains largely unknown. This cross-sectional observational study aims to evaluate serum Maresin-1 levels in women with lipedema and to investigate their associations with pain severity, inflammatory markers, central sensitization, and quality of life. Serum Maresin-1 levels and clinical characteristics will be compared among women with lipedema, obese women without lipedema, and healthy controls to explore the potential value of Maresin-1 as a biomarker in lipedema.",[127],"Lipedema",{"date":108,"type":37},{"date":130,"type":21},"2026-06-20",{"date":132,"type":21},"2026-09-01",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":135,"slug":136,"hasResults":12,"nctId":137,"briefTitle":138,"officialTitle":139,"acronym":140,"eligibilityCriteria":141,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":100,"maxAge":142,"enrollmentInfo":143,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":145,"phases":146,"briefSummary":148,"conditions":149,"keywords":151,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":160,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":161,"startDateStruct":162,"completionDateStruct":164,"leadSponsor":166,"locationsCount":45},"100640932","robot-assisted-gait-training-vs-nmes-in-parkinsons-disease-100640932","NCT07589296","Robot-Assisted Gait Training vs NMES in Parkinson's Disease","Comparative Effects of Robot-Assisted Gait Training and Quadriceps Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Added to Standard Exercise Rehabilitation on Balance, Gait, Disease Severity, and Quadriceps Muscle Adaptations in Patients With Parkinson Disease: A Prospective Randomized Assessor-Blinded Clinical Trial","ROBO-NMES-PD","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease according to established clinical criteria\n* Age between 40 and 80 years\n* Hoehn and Yahr stage II-III\n* Ability to walk independently with or without assistive devices\n* Stable medical treatment for at least 4 weeks prior to study enrollment\n* Ability to understand and follow instructions\n* Willingness to participate and provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Severe cognitive impairment or inability to follow instructions\n* Hoehn and Yahr stage IV-V Parkinson's disease\n* Severe musculoskeletal disorders affecting gait (e.g., advanced osteoarthritis, recent fracture)\n* History of lower extremity surgery within the last 6 months\n* Severe cardiovascular or respiratory disease limiting exercise participation\n* Presence of other neurological disorders affecting mobility (e.g., stroke, multiple sclerosis)\n* Contraindications to electrical stimulation (e.g., pacemaker, implanted electronic devices)\n* Skin lesions or infections at electrode placement sites\n* Participation in another structured rehabilitation program within the last 3 months","80 Years",{"count":144,"type":21},40,"INTERVENTIONAL",[147],"NA","This prospective, randomized, assessor-blinded clinical trial aims to compare the effects of robot-assisted gait training and quadriceps neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) when added to a standard exercise rehabilitation program in patients with Parkinson disease.\n\nParticipants will be randomly assigned to two parallel groups. Both groups will receive a standard rehabilitation program, while one group will additionally undergo robot-assisted gait training and the other group will receive quadriceps NMES. The interventions will be administered five days per week for six weeks.\n\nClinical outcomes, including balance, functional mobility, gait performance, and disease severity, will be evaluated at baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up (week 14). In addition, ultrasound-based assessments of quadriceps muscle thickness and cross-sectional area will be performed to investigate muscle adaptations.\n\nThe results of this study are expected to provide comparative evidence regarding the effectiveness of these two rehabilitation approaches and contribute to optimizing rehabilitation strategies in Parkinson disease.",[150],"Parkinson Disease (PD)",[152,153,154,155,156,157,158,159],"Parkinson disease","Robot-assisted gait training","Neuromuscular electrical stimulation","Quadriceps muscle","Rehabilitation","Balance","Gait","Ultrasonography","2026-05-11",{"date":39,"type":37},{"date":163,"type":37},"2026-04-15",{"date":165,"type":21},"2027-06-15",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":168,"slug":169,"hasResults":12,"nctId":170,"briefTitle":171,"officialTitle":172,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":173,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":174,"maxAge":175,"enrollmentInfo":176,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":178,"conditions":179,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":86,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":182,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":183,"startDateStruct":185,"completionDateStruct":186,"leadSponsor":188,"locationsCount":45},"100635454","effect-of-daily-screen-time-on-postoperative-emergence-delirium-in-children-aged-2-11-years-100635454","NCT07552896","Effect of Daily Screen Time on Postoperative Emergence Delirium in Children Aged 2-11 Years","The Effect of Daily Screen Exposure Duration on Postoperative Emergence Delirium in Children Undergoing Elective Lower Abdominal Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children aged 2 to 11 years\n* Scheduled for elective lower abdominal surgery\n* Planned procedures include inguinal hernia repair, orchiopexy for undescended testis, or circumcision\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II\n* Parent or legal guardian able to provide written informed consent\n* Parent or legal guardian able to complete the study questionnaire\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Planned or administered premedication before surgery\n* Emergency surgery\n* Reoperation\n* Developmental delay, neurodevelopmental disorder, or known psychiatric disease\n* Visual or hearing impairment that may interfere with behavioral assessment\n* Current use of sedative, antipsychotic, or antiepileptic medication\n* Anticipated postoperative intensive care unit requirement\n* Incomplete or unreliable parent-reported questionnaire data","2 Years","11 Years",{"count":177,"type":21},288,"This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the association between daily screen exposure duration and postoperative emergence delirium in children aged 2 to 11 years undergoing elective lower abdominal surgery. Daily screen time will be assessed using a parent-reported questionnaire administered preoperatively. Postoperative emergence delirium will be evaluated using the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale at 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes after surgery.\n\nThe primary outcome is the association between daily screen time and PAED score within the first 30 minutes postoperatively. Secondary outcomes include the associations between PAED score and age at first screen exposure, type of viewed content, parental screen use, passive screen exposure, and the presence of a screen in the child's bedroom. The study is designed to improve understanding of whether screen-related environmental factors are associated with postoperative behavioral recovery in pediatric surgical patients.",[180,181],"Agitation","Postoperative Agitation","2026-04-20",{"date":184,"type":37},"2026-04-27",{"date":70,"type":21},{"date":187,"type":21},"2027-05-02",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":190,"slug":191,"hasResults":12,"nctId":192,"briefTitle":193,"officialTitle":194,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":195,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":55,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":196,"targetDuration":198,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":199,"conditions":200,"keywords":202,"overallStatus":86,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":207,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":208,"startDateStruct":209,"completionDateStruct":210,"leadSponsor":212,"locationsCount":45},"100634499","effect-of-internal-jugular-vein-catheterization-on-intracranial-pressure-and-intracranial-blood-flow-100634499","NCT07540481","Effect of Internal Jugular Vein Catheterization on Intracranial Pressure and Intracranial Blood Flow","Effect of Internal Jugular Vein Catheterization on Intracranial Pressure Assessed by Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter and Carotid Doppler Ultrasonography: a Prospective Observational Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥18 years\n* Patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia\n* Patients requiring internal jugular vein catheterization as part of routine clinical care\n* Ability to obtain optic nerve sheath diameter measurements using transorbital ultrasonography\n* Provision of informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Known intracranial pathology affecting intracranial pressure\n* Ocular conditions preventing accurate ultrasonographic measurement (e.g., orbital trauma, ocular surgery, infection)\n* Hemodynamic instability\n* Contraindication to internal jugular vein catheterization\n* Inability to obtain adequate ultrasound images",{"count":197,"type":21},61,"1 Day","This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the effect of internal jugular vein catheterization on intracranial pressure using optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurements and carotid artery Doppler ultrasonography in adult patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia.\n\nONSD will be measured noninvasively using transorbital ultrasonography, and carotid Doppler parameters will be assessed at two time points: after endotracheal intubation and approximately 5 minutes after catheterization. The primary objective is to assess short-term changes in ONSD following catheterization.\n\nSecondary objectives include evaluating changes in carotid Doppler measurements and their relationship with ONSD, as well as associations with physiological parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and end-tidal carbon dioxide.",[201,159],"Intracranial Pressure",[203,204,159,205,201,206],"Internal Jugular Vein","Catheterization","Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter","General Anesthesia","2026-04-14",{"date":182,"type":37},{"date":163,"type":21},{"date":211,"type":21},"2027-03-16",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":214,"slug":215,"hasResults":12,"nctId":216,"briefTitle":217,"officialTitle":218,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":219,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":55,"maxAge":142,"enrollmentInfo":220,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":145,"phases":221,"briefSummary":222,"conditions":223,"keywords":225,"overallStatus":86,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":230,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":231,"startDateStruct":233,"completionDateStruct":235,"leadSponsor":237,"locationsCount":45},"100634165","comparative-efficacy-of-electromagnetic-field-therapy-and-tibial-nerve-stimulation-in-urge-urinary-incontinence-100634165","NCT07536139","COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD THERAPY AND TIBIAL NERVE STIMULATION IN URGE URINARY INCONTINENCE","COMPARISON OF MAGNETIC FIELD THERAPY AND TIBIAL NERVE STIMULATION IN WOMEN WITH URGE URINARY INCONTINENCE: A PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMIZED, ASSESSOR-BLINDED CLINICAL TRIAL","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Female participants aged 18-65 years Diagnosis of urge urinary incontinence based on clinical evaluation Presence of urinary urgency with or without urge incontinence episodes Ability to understand and complete questionnaires Willingness to participate and provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nPredominant stress urinary incontinence or mixed incontinence with stress predominance Neurological diseases affecting bladder function (e.g., multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, Parkinson's disease) Active urinary tract infection History of pelvic surgery affecting urinary function Pregnancy or breastfeeding Use of medications affecting bladder function (unless stable for at least 4 weeks) Presence of implanted electronic devices (e.g., pacemaker) Severe cognitive impairment preventing participation Participation in another clinical trial within the last 3 months\n\n\\-",{"count":144,"type":21},[147],"Urge urinary incontinence is a prevalent condition characterized by involuntary leakage of urine accompanied by a sudden, compelling urge to void. It significantly impairs quality of life and is associated with substantial physical, psychological, and social burden. Noninvasive treatment modalities, including pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy and posterior tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS), have gained attention due to their safety and ease of application.\n\nThis study is designed as a prospective, randomized, assessor-blinded clinical trial conducted in women diagnosed with urge urinary incontinence. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: PEMF therapy or tibial nerve stimulation. Both interventions will be applied over a predefined treatment period under standardized conditions.\n\nOutcome measures will include symptom severity, frequency of incontinence episodes, and quality of life, assessed using validated instruments such as the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), bladder diaries, and quality-of-life scales. Assessments will be performed at baseline and after completion of the treatment period.\n\nThe primary aim of the study is to compare the efficacy of PEMF therapy and tibial nerve stimulation in reducing urinary symptoms. Secondary objectives include evaluating improvements in quality of life and functional outcomes. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the optimization of noninvasive treatment strategies for urge urinary incontinence.",[224],"Urge Urinary Incontinence",[224,226,227,228,229],"Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy","Posterior Tibial Nerve Stimulation","ICIQ-UI SF","Women's Health","2026-04-11",{"date":232,"type":37},"2026-04-17",{"date":234,"type":21},"2026-04",{"date":236,"type":21},"2027-04",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":239,"slug":240,"hasResults":12,"nctId":241,"briefTitle":242,"officialTitle":243,"acronym":244,"eligibilityCriteria":245,"healthyVolunteers":122,"sex":17,"minAge":55,"maxAge":246,"enrollmentInfo":247,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":248,"conditions":249,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":251,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":252,"startDateStruct":253,"completionDateStruct":255,"leadSponsor":257,"locationsCount":45},"100620525","the-relationship-between-serum-s100b-and-brain-derived-neurotrophic-factor-100620525","NCT07358754","The Relationship Between Serum S100B and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor","The Relationship Between Serum S100B and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Levels and Central Sensitization and Sleep Quality in Patients With Fibromyalgia","S100B-BDNF","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Female participants aged between 18 and 50 years\n\nDiagnosis of fibromyalgia according to 2016 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria\n\nSymptoms present for at least 3 months\n\nAbility to understand and complete study questionnaires\n\nProvision of written informed consent\n\nFor healthy controls:\n\nNo diagnosis of fibromyalgia or chronic widespread pain\n\nNo known systemic disease\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n\\-","50 Years",{"count":82,"type":21},"Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain syndrome characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive symptoms. Central sensitization is considered a key mechanism in the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia; however, the underlying biological markers have not been fully clarified.\n\nBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and S100B protein have been suggested to play roles in neuroinflammation and central pain processing. This observational, cross-sectional study aims to evaluate serum S100B and BDNF levels in patients with fibromyalgia and to investigate their relationship with central sensitization and sleep quality. Serum biomarker levels and clinical assessment scales will be compared between patients with fibromyalgia and healthy controls.",[250],"Fibromyalgia","2026-04-10",{"date":163,"type":37},{"date":254,"type":37},"2026-02-01",{"date":256,"type":21},"2026-04-30",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":259,"slug":260,"hasResults":12,"nctId":261,"briefTitle":262,"officialTitle":263,"acronym":264,"eligibilityCriteria":265,"healthyVolunteers":122,"sex":54,"minAge":100,"maxAge":101,"enrollmentInfo":266,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":267,"conditions":268,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":86,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":269,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":270,"startDateStruct":271,"completionDateStruct":272,"leadSponsor":274,"locationsCount":4},"100633606","serum-comp-and-mmp-3-in-knee-osteoarthritis-100633606","NCT07528872","Serum COMP and MMP-3 in Knee Osteoarthritis","Evaluation of the Relationship Between Serum COMP (Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein) and MMP-3 (Matrix Metalloproteinase-3) Levels and Clinical and Radiological Severity in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis","KOACOMP","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 40 and 75 years Male and female participants For patient group: clinically and radiologically confirmed diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2-3 (or 2-4 if you decide to include advanced stages) Ability to understand and comply with study procedures Willingness to participate and provision of written informed consent For control group: absence of knee pain and no radiographic evidence of knee osteoarthritis\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Presence of inflammatory rheumatic diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis) History of acute knee trauma Previous knee surgery (e.g., arthroplasty or arthroscopy) History of septic arthritis or active infection History of malignancy Severe systemic diseases (e.g., advanced cardiac, renal, or hepatic failure) Neuromuscular disorders affecting lower extremity function Intra-articular injection (e.g., corticosteroids, PRP) within the last 3 months Other conditions that may cause knee pain apart from osteoarthritis Cognitive or psychiatric conditions preventing compliance with study procedures Refusal to provide informed consent",{"count":82,"type":21},"Knee osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease characterized by pain, stiffness, and functional limitation, significantly affecting quality of life. In addition to mechanical factors, cartilage degradation and extracellular matrix remodeling play a key role in disease progression. Therefore, identifying reliable biomarkers reflecting disease severity has become an important research focus.\n\nCartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is a structural component of cartilage associated with cartilage turnover, while matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) is a proteolytic enzyme involved in extracellular matrix degradation. Both biomarkers have been suggested to be elevated in osteoarthritis and may reflect disease severity.\n\nThe aim of this cross-sectional observational study is to evaluate the relationship between serum COMP and MMP-3 levels and clinical and radiological severity in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Pain severity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), functional status with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and radiological severity with the Kellgren-Lawrence classification. Functional performance will also be evaluated using the 5 Times Sit-to-Stand Test.\n\nAdditionally, serum COMP and MMP-3 levels will be compared between patients with knee osteoarthritis and healthy controls. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between biochemical markers and clinical severity in osteoarthritis and may provide insight into their potential diagnostic and prognostic value.",[105],"2026-04-07",{"date":207,"type":37},{"date":234,"type":21},{"date":273,"type":21},"2026-06-01",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":276,"slug":277,"hasResults":12,"nctId":278,"briefTitle":279,"officialTitle":280,"acronym":281,"eligibilityCriteria":282,"healthyVolunteers":122,"sex":17,"minAge":246,"maxAge":80,"enrollmentInfo":283,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":284,"conditions":285,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":86,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":287,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":288,"startDateStruct":290,"completionDateStruct":292,"leadSponsor":294,"locationsCount":4},"100632889","serum-myostatin-and-irisin-levels-in-postmenopausal-women-association-with-bone-mineral-density-and-muscle-strength-100632889","NCT07519551","Serum Myostatin and Irisin Levels in Postmenopausal Women: Association With Bone Mineral Density and Muscle Strength","Evaluation of the Relationship Between Serum Myostatin and Irisin Levels and Bone Mineral Density and Muscle Strength in Postmenopausal Women","MYOIRISIN","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Postmenopausal women aged between 50 and 65 years Availability of bone mineral density measurement by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) Willingness to participate in the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Presence of malignancy Chronic kidney disease Chronic liver disease Neuromuscular disorders Recent major surgery or trauma Use of medications affecting bone or muscle metabolism",{"count":82,"type":21},"This study aims to evaluate the relationship between serum myostatin and irisin levels and bone mineral density and muscle strength in postmenopausal women. Participants will be grouped according to bone mineral density as normal, osteopenic, or osteoporotic. Serum myostatin and irisin levels will be measured, and muscle strength will be assessed using handgrip strength and the five times sit-to-stand test. The associations between biochemical and functional parameters will be analyzed.",[286],"Osteoporosis, Osteopenia","2026-04-02",{"date":289,"type":37},"2026-04-09",{"date":291,"type":21},"2026-04-03",{"date":293,"type":21},"2026-05-30",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":296,"slug":297,"hasResults":12,"nctId":298,"briefTitle":299,"officialTitle":300,"acronym":301,"eligibilityCriteria":302,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":303,"maxAge":101,"enrollmentInfo":304,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":306,"conditions":307,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":86,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":309,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":310,"startDateStruct":312,"completionDateStruct":314,"leadSponsor":315,"locationsCount":4},"100629873","serum-neurofilament-light-chain-levels-and-neuropathy-severity-in-diabetic-polyneuropathy-100629873","NCT07480330","Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels and Neuropathy Severity in Diabetic Polyneuropathy","Association Between Serum Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) Levels and Neuropathy Severity, Balance Performance, and Fall Risk in Diabetic Polyneuropathy","DPN-NFL","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nInclusion Criteria Age between 30 and 75 years Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for at least 1 year Ability to understand and complete clinical assessments and questionnaires Willingness to participate and provide written informed consent\n\nFor the DPN+ group:\n\nPresence of diabetic polyneuropathy confirmed by clinical examination, Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), and nerve conduction studies\n\nFor the DPN- group:\n\nType 2 diabetes mellitus without clinical or electrophysiological evidence of diabetic polyneuropathy\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Neuropathy due to causes other than diabetes (e.g., vitamin B12 deficiency, hypothyroidism, alcohol abuse, chemotherapy) Renal dysfunction (eGFR \\\u003C 60 mL\u002Fmin\u002F1.73 m²) Active infection or malignancy Inflammatory or autoimmune neurological diseases Central nervous system disorders (e.g., stroke, multiple sclerosis) Lumbar radiculopathy or peripheral entrapment neuropathy Severe visual impairment or balance disorders affecting testing Pregnancy Cognitive impairment preventing completion of questionnaires Patients with isolated small fiber neuropathy without electrophysiological evidence of large fiber involvement","30 Years",{"count":305,"type":21},80,"Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes mellitus and is characterized by peripheral nerve damage caused by long-term hyperglycemia. Progressive sensory loss and impairment of proprioception may lead to balance disturbances, gait instability, and an increased risk of falls. Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) has emerged as a potential biomarker of neuroaxonal injury in several neurological disorders.\n\nThe aim of this observational cross-sectional study is to investigate the relationship between serum Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) levels and neuropathy severity, balance performance, and fall risk in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy. Neuropathy severity will be evaluated using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) and electrophysiological findings, while balance performance and fall risk will be assessed using the Berg Balance Scale and the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I).",[308],"Diabetic Polyneuropathy","2026-03-14",{"date":311,"type":37},"2026-03-18",{"date":313,"type":21},"2026-03-25",{"date":39,"type":21},{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":317,"slug":318,"hasResults":12,"nctId":319,"briefTitle":320,"officialTitle":321,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":322,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":174,"maxAge":323,"enrollmentInfo":324,"targetDuration":198,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":326,"conditions":327,"keywords":329,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":332,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":333,"startDateStruct":335,"completionDateStruct":337,"leadSponsor":339,"locationsCount":45},"100625651","daily-screen-exposure-and-preoperative-anxiety-in-children-aged-2-5-years-100625651","NCT07425405","Daily Screen Exposure and Preoperative Anxiety in Children Aged 2-5 Years","The Effect of Daily Screen Exposure Duration on Preoperative Anxiety in Children Aged 2-5 Years: A Prospective Observational Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children aged 2 to 5 years\n* Scheduled for elective surgical procedures under general anesthesia\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III\n* Parent or legal guardian able to provide written informed consent\n* Parent able to complete the structured questionnaire in Turkish\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Premedication administered or planned prior to anxiety assessment\n* Emergency surgical procedures\n* Known developmental delay or neurodevelopmental disorder\n* Known psychiatric disorder\n* Visual or hearing impairment that may interfere with behavioral assessment\n* Chronic use of sedative, antipsychotic, or antiepileptic medications\n* Anticipated need for postoperative intensive care\n* Incomplete or unreliable questionnaire data\n* Inability to perform mYPAS assessment prior to anesthesia induction","5 Years",{"count":325,"type":21},275,"This prospective observational study aims to evaluate whether daily screen exposure duration is associated with preoperative anxiety levels in children aged 2-5 years undergoing elective surgery.\n\nScreen exposure in early childhood has been associated with emotional and behavioral outcomes, including increased anxiety. However, its potential impact on anxiety in acute stress situations such as surgery has not been previously investigated. Preoperative anxiety in children is associated with difficult anesthetic induction, increased postoperative agitation, prolonged recovery, and behavioral disturbances.\n\nIn this study, parents will complete a structured questionnaire assessing their child's daily screen exposure duration and related factors. Children will be categorized into three groups according to reported daily screen time: less than 1 hour per day, 1-2 hours per day, and more than 2 hours per day.\n\nPreoperative anxiety will be assessed immediately before anesthesia induction using the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS), a validated observational tool for measuring anxiety in young children.\n\nNo additional medical interventions will be performed beyond routine clinical care. The study seeks to determine whether higher screen exposure is associated with increased preoperative anxiety levels and to identify potential risk factors contributing to anxiety in preschool children undergoing surgery.",[328],"Preoperative Anxiety",[330,331],"Screen Exposure","Pediatric Anesthesia","2026-03-10",{"date":334,"type":37},"2026-03-12",{"date":336,"type":37},"2026-03-11",{"date":338,"type":21},"2026-08-30",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":341,"slug":342,"hasResults":12,"nctId":343,"briefTitle":344,"officialTitle":345,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":346,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":55,"maxAge":347,"enrollmentInfo":348,"targetDuration":198,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":349,"conditions":350,"keywords":352,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":354,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":355,"startDateStruct":357,"completionDateStruct":359,"leadSponsor":360,"locationsCount":45},"100613042","performance-comparison-of-large-language-models-in-tap-block-ultrasound-interpretation-100613042","NCT07261436","Performance Comparison of Large Language Models in TAP Block Ultrasound Interpretation","Performance Comparison of Large Language Models in TAP Block Ultrasound Interpretation: A Double-Blind Prospective Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults aged 18-85 years\n* ASA I-III physical status\n* Undergoing elective surgery with a lateral TAP block performed as part of routine anesthesia care\n* Complete ultrasound-guided block procedure recorded on video\n* Able to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Unsuccessful or incomplete TAP block procedure\n* Poor-quality ultrasound video (needle tip or anesthetic spread not visible)\n* Missing demographic or clinical data\n* Withdrawal of consent at any time","85 Years",{"count":144,"type":21},"The goal of this study is to learn how accurately two artificial intelligence (AI) models, Gemini 2.5 Pro and ChatGPT-5.1, can interpret ultrasound videos of the Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block, a regional anesthesia technique used for pain control after surgery.\n\nThe main questions this study aims to answer are:\n\nHow accurately can each AI model identify anatomical structures on TAP block ultrasound videos? Can the AI models correctly evaluate the spread of local anesthetic and determine whether the block is successful? How closely do the AI models' answers match the evaluations of expert anesthesiologists? No additional procedures will be performed on patients. TAP blocks will be done as part of routine clinical care, and the ultrasound videos will be recorded and de-identified.\n\nParticipants will not need to do anything extra for the study. Experienced anesthesiologists will review the videos and provide expert answers. The AI models will be given the same videos and asked the same questions. A second expert, who does not know which answers came from humans or AI, will compare all responses.\n\nThe results will help researchers understand whether advanced AI systems can safely support clinicians in interpreting ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia procedures and improve education and decision-making in anesthesia practice.",[351],"Artificial Intelegence",[353],"artificial intelligence","2026-02-02",{"date":356,"type":37},"2026-02-04",{"date":358,"type":37},"2026-01-15",{"date":70,"type":21},{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":362,"slug":363,"hasResults":12,"nctId":364,"briefTitle":365,"officialTitle":366,"acronym":367,"eligibilityCriteria":368,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":55,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":369,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":145,"phases":371,"briefSummary":372,"conditions":373,"keywords":379,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":384,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":385,"startDateStruct":386,"completionDateStruct":388,"leadSponsor":390,"locationsCount":391},"100622218","comparison-of-peri-intubation-oxygenation-values-and-complications-in-patients-intubated-with-the-delayed-versus-rapid-sequence-intubation-protocols-100622218","NCT07380763","Comparison of Peri-intubation Oxygenation Values and Complications in Patients Intubated With the Delayed Versus Rapid Sequence Intubation Protocols","Comparison of Peri-intubation Oxygenation Values and Complications in Patients Intubated With the Delayed Sequential Intubation (DSI) Versus Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI) Protocols","DSI vs RSI","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Aged 18 years or older\n2. Presence of spontaneous breathing.\n3. No prediction of a difficult airway prior to intubation.\n4. Requirement for advanced airway management.\n5. Not in cardiac arrest.\n6. Decided to intubate due to non-traumatic etiologies.\n7. Planned intubation using ketamine for sedation and rocuronium for paralysis.\n8. Decision to intubate due to one of the following clinical conditions:\n\n   1. Acute Respiratory Failure: Patients with hypoxic or hypercapnic respiratory failure where adequate oxygenation cannot be achieved despite non-invasive ventilation.\n   2. Inability to Protect the Airway: Altered level of consciousness or increased risk of pulmonary aspiration due to conditions such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding, ileus, volvulus, gastric outlet obstruction, hypersalivation, or hyperemesis.\n   3. Shock States: Patients in any state of shock (hypovolemic, distributive, cardiogenic, obstructive) exhibiting severe altered mental status or declining respiratory status.\n   4. Neuroprotection: Need to terminate ongoing seizures resistant to medical therapy (status epilepticus), or situations requiring strict control of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO₂) levels to manage increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in non-traumatic conditions (such as intracranial hemorrhage or severe encephalopathy).\n9. Obtaining informed consent from the patient or their legally authorized representative.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Aged under 18 years.\n2. Pregnancy.\n3. Refusal to provide informed consent.\n4. Cardiac arrest prior to intubation.\n5. Anticipated difficult airway.\n6. Intubation required due to traumatic etiologies.\n7. Missing or incomplete patient data.\n8. Patients assigned to the DSI protocol but for whom the decision to intubate was rescinded due to clinical improvement during the preoxygenation phase.\n9. Use of a sedative agent other than ketamine for the RSI protocol.\n10. Intubations performed by practitioners who have not received study-specific training on DSI and RSI protocols.\n11. Duplicate enrollment due to recurrent presentations during the study period.",{"count":370,"type":21},140,[147],"This study compares two different methods of helping patients breathe by placing a tube in their airway (intubation) in an emergency setting. These methods are called Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI) and Delayed Sequence Intubation (DSI).\n\nThe study focuses on adult patients who are still breathing on their own but need a breathing tube for medical reasons not related to an injury (non-trauma).\n\nThe main goal of the research is to compare:\n\n* Oxygen levels before and after the procedure.\n* The patient's vital signs (such as heart rate and blood pressure).\n* The number of attempts needed to successfully place the tube and the time the procedure takes.\n* Blood gas results and any complications that occur during or shortly after the procedure.\n* Early survival (mortality) rates.\n\nWhile there are previous studies on trauma patients or small observational reports, there is currently no large-scale, multicenter randomized controlled trial that includes all non-trauma adult patients.\n\nWhat makes this study unique? Confirmation of Tube Placement: Researchers will use a specific measurement called end-tidal CO2 (etCO2) to confirm the tube is in the right place, a method not used in similar previous studies.\n\nAssessing Difficulty: This study will use the Cormack-Lehane classification system to measure how difficult the intubation was for each patient.\n\nStandardization: For the first time, breathing machine (ventilator) settings will be standardized for all patients in this type of study.\n\nReal-World Practice: By involving all emergency department physicians as practitioners, the study aims to show how these methods work across a wide range of medical teams.",[374,375,376,377,378],"Delayed Sequence Intubation","Rapid Sequence Induction and Intubation","Intubation","Intubation Complications","Intubation, Endotracheal",[380,381,382,383],"delayed sequence intubation","rapid sequence intubation","RSI","DSI","2026-01-24",{"date":354,"type":37},{"date":387,"type":37},"2025-10-29",{"date":389,"type":21},"2026-06-29",{"name":43,"class":44},4,{"id":393,"slug":394,"hasResults":12,"nctId":395,"briefTitle":396,"officialTitle":397,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":398,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":55,"maxAge":80,"enrollmentInfo":399,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":145,"phases":400,"briefSummary":401,"conditions":402,"keywords":404,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":384,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":409,"startDateStruct":411,"completionDateStruct":413,"leadSponsor":415,"locationsCount":45},"100611649","eswt-vs-conventional-physical-therapy-in-greater-trochanteric-pain-syndrome-100611649","NCT07243327","ESWT vs Conventional Physical Therapy in Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome","A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy and Conventional Physical Therapy in Patients With Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 18 and 65 years\n* Lateral hip pain for at least 3 months\n* Ability to understand study procedures and provide informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Hip deformities\n* Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, or piriformis tendon tears\n* Lumbar radiculopathy or history of lumbar spine surgery\n* Recent trauma or active infection in the hip region\n* Corticosteroid injection to the hip within the last 6 months\n* Neurological, psychiatric, or rheumatologic diseases\n* Active malignancy or systemic inflammatory disease\n* Cognitive impairment preventing cooperation",{"count":82,"type":21},[147],"This study aims to compare the effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) with conventional physical therapy in patients with Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (GTPS). GTPS is a common cause of lateral hip pain, often related to gluteal tendinopathy rather than trochanteric bursitis. Sixty patients will be randomly assigned to two groups: ESWT or conventional physical therapy (TENS, hot pack, ultrasound). Pain (VAS), hip function (Harris Hip Score), lower limb function (LEFS), and global improvement will be evaluated at baseline, week 3, and week 12. The purpose of this study is to determine which treatment provides greater pain relief and functional improvement.",[403],"Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome",[405,406,407,408],"Extracorporeal shockwave therapy","Physical therapy","Hip pain","ESWT",{"date":410,"type":37},"2026-01-27",{"date":412,"type":37},"2025-12-01",{"date":414,"type":21},"2026-03",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":417,"slug":418,"hasResults":12,"nctId":419,"briefTitle":420,"officialTitle":420,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":421,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":55,"maxAge":101,"enrollmentInfo":422,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":145,"phases":423,"briefSummary":424,"conditions":425,"keywords":427,"overallStatus":86,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":431,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":432,"startDateStruct":434,"completionDateStruct":436,"leadSponsor":438,"locationsCount":4},"100610885","comparison-of-the-effectiveness-of-dextrose-prolotherapy-and-extracorporeal-shock-wave-therapy-eswt-in-plantar-fasciitis-100610885","NCT07233395","Comparison of the Effectiveness of Dextrose Prolotherapy and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) in Plantar Fasciitis","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of plantar fasciitis\n\nAges 18 to 75 years\n\nBoth male and female participants\n\nHeel pain localized to the medial calcaneal tubercle for more than 3 months\n\nMorning first-step pain and pain increasing with daily loading\n\nWillingness to participate and provide written informed consent\n\nPatients presenting to Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nCardiac pacemaker\n\nType 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus\n\nHistory of inflammatory rheumatic disease\n\nBleeding disorders\n\nUse of anticoagulant medications other than aspirin\n\nAllergy to dextrose\n\nPrevious foot or ankle surgery\n\nPeripheral neuropathy\n\nS1 radiculopathy in the same extremity\n\nLocal corticosteroid injection to the plantar fascia within the last 3 months\n\nESWT applied to the plantar fascia within the last 3 months\n\nPhysical therapy applied to the foot\u002Fankle in the last 3 months\n\nCognitive dysfunction\n\nActive infection at the planned injection site\n\n\\-",{"count":82,"type":21},[147],"Plantar fasciitis is a degeneration of the plantar aponeurosis and is the most common cause of heel pain (11-15%). Although seen in both sexes, plantar fasciitis is more common in women, usually unilateral and bilateral in 30% of cases . The most widely accepted view regarding the formation of plantar fasciitis is that it is a degenerative process caused by myxoid degeneration, microtears, collagen necrosis, and angiofibroblastic hyperplasia, resulting from repetitive microtrauma to the plantar fascia, particularly at the calcaneal insertion site. It is not inflammatory . The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of prolotherapy, a regenerative treatment, and ESWT in the treatment of plantar fasciitis.",[426],"Plantar Fasciitis",[428,429,430],"Dextrose Prolotherapy","Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT)","Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","2025-11-14",{"date":433,"type":37},"2025-11-18",{"date":435,"type":21},"2025-11-15",{"date":437,"type":21},"2026-03-15",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":440,"slug":441,"hasResults":12,"nctId":442,"briefTitle":443,"officialTitle":444,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":445,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":17,"minAge":55,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":446,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":145,"phases":448,"briefSummary":449,"conditions":450,"keywords":452,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":457,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":458,"startDateStruct":460,"completionDateStruct":462,"leadSponsor":464,"locationsCount":45},"100606389","post-hysterectomy-vaginal-cuff-prolapse-repair-100606389","NCT07174921","Post-hysterectomy Vaginal Cuff Prolapse Repair","Laparoscopic Lateral Suspension Versus Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy for Post-Hysterectomy Vaginal Cuff Prolapse: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nWomen aged ≥18 years.\n\nHistory of hysterectomy (any approach: abdominal, vaginal, or laparoscopic).\n\nSymptomatic vaginal cuff prolapse (POP-Q stage ≥ II).\n\nAble to provide written informed consent.\n\nWilling and able to comply with study procedures and follow-up visits.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nPrior sacrocolpopexy or lateral suspension surgery.\n\nActive pelvic infection or untreated malignancy.\n\nSevere cardiopulmonary or systemic disease that contraindicates laparoscopic surgery.\n\nKnown allergy to mesh materials used in the procedures.\n\nInability to complete patient-reported questionnaires due to cognitive or language barriers.\n\nConcurrent pelvic organ prolapse requiring additional surgical repair beyond vaginal cuff suspension.",{"count":447,"type":21},50,[147],"This study is a randomized controlled trial comparing two minimally invasive surgeries-laparoscopic lateral suspension and laparoscopic sacrocolporopexy-for women who develop vaginal cuff prolapse after hysterectomy. Vaginal cuff prolapse occurs when the top of the vagina loses support after the uterus is removed, which can cause discomfort, bulging, or urinary and bowel problems.\n\nThe goal of this study is to determine which surgical approach is safer, more effective, and improves quality of life for patients. Women enrolled in the trial will be randomly assigned to one of the two surgeries, and outcomes such as prolapse recurrence, complications, recovery time, and patient satisfaction will be carefully monitored.\n\nBy comparing these two techniques, this study aims to provide clear guidance for surgeons and patients to make informed decisions about the best surgical treatment for post-hysterectomy vaginal cuff prolapse.",[451],"Vaginal Cuff Complications",[453,454,455,456],"prolapse","vaginal cuff","lateral suspension","sacrocolpopexy","2025-09-13",{"date":459,"type":37},"2025-09-16",{"date":461,"type":21},"2025-09-30",{"date":463,"type":21},"2026-10-15",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":466,"slug":467,"hasResults":12,"nctId":468,"briefTitle":469,"officialTitle":470,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":471,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":55,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":472,"targetDuration":198,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":473,"conditions":474,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":476,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":477,"startDateStruct":479,"completionDateStruct":481,"leadSponsor":483,"locationsCount":45},"100598779","evaluation-of-left-ventricular-function-to-predict-weaning-success-in-the-intensive-care-unit-100598779","NCT07075926","Evaluation of Left Ventricular Function to Predict Weaning Success in the Intensive Care Unit","Evaluation of Left Ventricular Function to Predict Weaning Success in the Intensive Care Unit: A Prospective Observational Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Currently receiving mechanical ventilation in the ICU\n* Planned extubation after meeting standard weaning criteria\n* Hemodynamically stable at the time of echocardiographic evaluation\n* Written informed consent obtained from the patient or legally authorized representative\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Surgery within the previous 24 hours\n* Presence of significant valvular heart disease or known cardiomyopathy\n* Inadequate acoustic window for transthoracic echocardiography\n* Ongoing use of extracorporeal support (e.g., ECMO)\n* Patients with Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) orders or expected to die within 24 hours\n* Re-intubation planned prophylactically regardless of clinical status\n* Pregnant patients",{"count":447,"type":21},"The goal of this prospective observational study is to evaluate whether left ventricular function parameters assessed via transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) can predict weaning success from mechanical ventilation in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\nCan the Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Velocity Time Integral (LVOT VTI) predict successful extubation?\n\nWhat is the prognostic value of other echocardiographic measures such as Mitral Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (MAPSE), E\u002Fe' ratio, E\u002FA ratio, Mitral Deceleration Time (MDT), and Myocardial Performance Index (Tei index) in forecasting weaning outcomes?\n\nParticipants will:\n\nBe adults receiving mechanical ventilation and scheduled for weaning\n\nUndergo transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) within 2 hours after meeting weaning criteria\n\nHave the following parameters measured: LVOT VTI, MAPSE, E\u002Fe', E\u002FA, MDT, and Tei index\n\nBe monitored for 24 hours post-extubation to determine if they remain off ventilatory support, including reintubation, non-invasive ventilation, or high-flow oxygen therapy\n\nThis study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how systolic, diastolic, and global cardiac functions influence extubation success, potentially improving ICU decision-making and reducing complications, length of stay, and healthcare costs.",[475],"Weaning Failure of Mechanical Ventilation","2025-09-02",{"date":478,"type":37},"2025-09-09",{"date":480,"type":37},"2025-07-31",{"date":482,"type":21},"2026-07-16",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":485,"slug":486,"hasResults":12,"nctId":487,"briefTitle":488,"officialTitle":489,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":490,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":55,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":491,"targetDuration":198,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":492,"conditions":493,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":476,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":494,"startDateStruct":495,"completionDateStruct":496,"leadSponsor":497,"locationsCount":45},"100598629","evaluation-of-right-ventricular-function-to-predict-weaning-success-in-the-intensive-care-unit-100598629","NCT07073976","Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function to Predict Weaning Success in the Intensive Care Unit","Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function to Predict Weaning Success in the Intensive Care Unit: A Prospective Observational Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in the ICU\n* Planned extubation (weaning) according to standard clinical criteria\n* Hemodynamically stable at the time of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE)\n* Ability to undergo echocardiographic assessment within 2 hours prior to extubation\n* Informed consent obtained from patient or legal representative\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Known severe tricuspid valve disease or congenital heart disease\n* Moderate to severe pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade\n* Inadequate acoustic window for transthoracic echocardiography\n* Patients requiring urgent or unplanned extubation\n* Use of extracorporeal life support (e.g., ECMO) at the time of assessment\n* Known pulmonary embolism or acute cor pulmonale\n* Pregnancy",{"count":82,"type":21},"The goal of this prospective observational study is to evaluate whether right ventricular (RV) function parameters assessed via transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) can predict weaning success in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients who are mechanically ventilated. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\nCan the TAPSE (Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion) value predict successful extubation?\n\nDo other right heart parameters (tricuspid S', RV-FAC, right atrial area, pulmonary valve acceleration time) provide additional prognostic value for weaning outcomes?\n\nParticipants will:\n\nBe adult ICU patients planned for weaning from mechanical ventilation.\n\nUndergo transthoracic echocardiography within 2 hours after meeting clinical weaning criteria.\n\nHave the following echocardiographic parameters measured: TAPSE, tricuspid S', RV-FAC, right atrial area, and pulmonary valve acceleration time.\n\nBe monitored for 24 hours after extubation to assess weaning success (defined as no need for reintubation, non-invasive ventilation, or high-flow oxygen support).",[475],{"date":478,"type":37},{"date":480,"type":37},{"date":482,"type":21},{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":499,"slug":500,"hasResults":12,"nctId":501,"briefTitle":502,"officialTitle":503,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":504,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":55,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":505,"targetDuration":507,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":508,"conditions":509,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":511,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":512,"startDateStruct":514,"completionDateStruct":516,"leadSponsor":517,"locationsCount":45},"100581023","evaluation-of-ai-models-in-determining-the-optimal-peep-100581023","NCT06844916","Evaluation of AI Models in Determining the Optimal PEEP","Evaluation of the Success of Artificial Intelligence Models in Determining the Optimal Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) in Mechanical Ventilation in Intensive Care","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients aged 18 years or older (adult patient group).\n* Patients requiring mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU).\n* Hemodynamically stable patients with stable blood pressure and heart rate.\n* Patients with complete medical records, including arterial blood gas values and ventilation parameters.\n* Patients whose legal representatives (if applicable) have provided informed consent for study participation.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).\n* Patients with severe hemodynamic instability, such as refractory hypotension or arrhythmias requiring continuous vasopressor support.\n* Patients with incomplete medical records, particularly those missing critical data on ventilation parameters or arterial blood gas analysis.\n* Patients or their legal representatives who decline participation in the study.",{"count":506,"type":21},145,"7 Days","his study is designed as a prospective observational clinical trial. Patients over 18 years old who are hemodynamically stable and require mechanical ventilation in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) will be included. The inclusion criteria ensure that participants require individualized ventilatory optimization.\n\nThe study will involve a comparison between Artificial Intelligence (AI)-generated Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) recommendations and expert-determined PEEP levels. ICU specialists will perform PEEP titration manually based on standardized protocols, identifying the lower inflection point (LIP) and upper inflection point (UIP) to optimize ventilation. The pressure-volume (P-V) curve will be analyzed to ensure optimal alveolar recruitment and prevent overdistension.\n\nStudy Procedures\n\nParticipants will:\n\nUndergo systematic mechanical ventilation assessments, including inspiratory hold and expiratory hold maneuvers, compliance, elastance, auto-PEEP, and time constant evaluations.\n\nHave ventilation data collected and analyzed using three AI models: ChatGPT, DeepSeek, and Gemini.\n\nReceive AI-generated recommendations regarding optimal PEEP levels, abnormal ventilation parameters, and potential treatment suggestions.\n\nHave their AI-based PEEP recommendations compared with those determined by ICU specialists with at least five years of experience.\n\nOutcome Measures\n\nThe study will compare AI and expert assessments based on the following primary and secondary measures:\n\nPrimary Outcome: Agreement between AI-generated PEEP levels and expert-determined PEEP levels.\n\nSecondary Outcomes:\n\nAI sensitivity and specificity in detecting abnormal ventilation parameters. Accuracy of AI-generated diagnoses. Clinical applicability of AI-recommended treatment strategies. This study aims to determine whether AI models can serve as reliable clinical decision support tools for ventilator management in ICU patients.",[510],"PEEP, Occult","2025-05-30",{"date":513,"type":37},"2025-06-04",{"date":515,"type":37},"2025-03-01",{"date":354,"type":21},{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":519,"slug":520,"hasResults":12,"nctId":521,"briefTitle":522,"officialTitle":523,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":524,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":525,"maxAge":526,"enrollmentInfo":527,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":529,"conditions":530,"keywords":534,"overallStatus":86,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":539,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":540,"startDateStruct":542,"completionDateStruct":543,"leadSponsor":544,"locationsCount":45},"100588396","chloride-imbalance-in-preterm-infants-100588396","NCT06940856","Chloride Imbalance in Preterm Infants","The Impact of Chloride Imbalance on BPD Development and Mortality in Preterm Infants","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Infants born \\\u003C32 weeks PMA or \\\u003C1500 grams\n* Infants admitted to NICU within the first 24 hours\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Infants with major congenital anomalies\n* Infants with chromosomal anomalies\n* Infants who have undergone enterostomy operation\n* Infants admitted to NICU after the first 24 hours","1 Hour","6 Weeks",{"count":528,"type":21},500,"In adults and children low or high blood chloride levels are linked to the risk of death. The aim of this observational study is to determine whether there is a relationship between low or high blood chloride levels and the risk of death or long-term lung problems. We will also learn the risk factors and associated conditions of high or low blood chloride levels. We will include infants born before 32 weeks of pregnancy or have a birth weight of less than 1500 grams in the study. The main question it aims to answer is:\n\nIs there a relationship between low or high blood chloride levels in the first 4-6 weeks of life and risk of death or long-term lung problems in premature babies? We will examine the medical reports of babies who were followed up in neonatal intensive care unit over the past 5 years.",[531,532,533],"Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD)","Mortality Prediction","Chloride Disorder",[535,536,537,538],"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia","Preterm infant","Mortality","Chloride imbalance","2025-04-15",{"date":541,"type":37},"2025-04-23",{"date":539,"type":21},{"date":463,"type":21},{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":546,"slug":547,"hasResults":12,"nctId":548,"briefTitle":549,"officialTitle":549,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":550,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":54,"minAge":55,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":551,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":552,"conditions":553,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":555,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":556,"startDateStruct":558,"completionDateStruct":560,"leadSponsor":562,"locationsCount":45},"100579767","evaluation-of-the-success-of-artificial-intelligence-models-in-interpreting-arterial-waveform-analysis-data-100579767","NCT06828575","Evaluation of the Success of Artificial Intelligence Models in Interpreting Arterial Waveform Analysis Data","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 18 years\n* Undergoing elective surgery with arterial waveform monitoring as part of standard perioperative care\n* Hemodynamic data successfully recorded using the MostCare hemodynamic monitoring system\n* Able to provide informed consent to participate in the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Incomplete or corrupted hemodynamic data (e.g., signal artifacts preventing reliable analysis)\n* Emergency surgery cases\n* Patients with severe arrhythmias or hemodynamic instability that might interfere with arterial waveform interpretation\n* Refusal to participate or withdrawal of consent\n* Patients with contraindications to arterial catheterization (e.g., coagulopathy, severe peripheral vascular disease)",{"count":506,"type":21},"The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the ability of artificial intelligence (AI) models to interpret arterial waveform analysis data obtained from a hemodynamic monitoring system in adult patients undergoing elective surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\nCan AI models (ChatGPT-4 and Gemini 2.0) accurately detect hemodynamic abnormalities in arterial waveform data? How well do AI-generated diagnoses align with expert anesthesiologist assessments? Are AI-generated treatment recommendations clinically appropriate?\n\nParticipants will:\n\nUndergo standard hemodynamic monitoring with an arterial waveform analysis device (MostCare).\n\nHave their anonymized hemodynamic data analyzed by AI models for abnormality detection, diagnosis suggestions, and treatment recommendations.\n\nHave AI-generated results reviewed and validated by experienced anesthesiologists.\n\nThis study aims to assess whether AI models can serve as decision-support tools in perioperative and critical care settings by improving the interpretation of complex hemodynamic data, potentially enhancing patient safety, diagnostic accuracy, and clinical efficiency.",[554],"Hemodynamic Instability","2025-03-03",{"date":557,"type":37},"2025-03-04",{"date":559,"type":37},"2025-02-15",{"date":561,"type":21},"2025-08-16",{"name":43,"class":44},{"id":564,"slug":565,"hasResults":12,"nctId":566,"briefTitle":567,"officialTitle":568,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":569,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":570,"minAge":571,"maxAge":572,"enrollmentInfo":573,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":145,"phases":574,"briefSummary":575,"conditions":576,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":578,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":579,"startDateStruct":581,"completionDateStruct":583,"leadSponsor":585,"locationsCount":586},"100571869","caudal-block-vs-retrolaminar-block-on-analgesic-consumption-in-undescended-testis-surgeries-100571869","NCT06725862","Caudal Block vs Retrolaminar Block on Analgesic Consumption in Undescended Testis Surgeries","Comparison of the Effects of Caudal Block and Retrolaminar Block on Analgesic Consumption in Postoperative Pain Management for Pediatric Undescended Testis Surgeries","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nPediatric patients aged 1-7 years. ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) physical status I or II. Scheduled for unilateral undescended testis surgery. Parental\u002Fguardian consent provided for study participation.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nAge under 1 year or over 7 years. Neurological deficits. Coagulopathy or bleeding disorders. History of allergy to local anesthetics. Signs of redness, infection, or other abnormalities at the injection site. Congenital spinal anomalies. Intellectual disability or psychiatric disorders. Hepatic or renal impairment. Refusal to participate in the study by parents or guardians.","MALE","1 Year","7 Years",{"count":82,"type":21},[147],"This study compares the postoperative analgesic effectiveness of Caudal Block (CB) and Retrolaminar Block (RLB) in pediatric patients undergoing undescended testis surgeries. Both techniques aim to manage pain effectively and reduce reliance on systemic analgesics, improving recovery and minimizing complications.\n\nThe double-blind, randomized controlled trial will include 1-7-year-old ASA I-II patients at two hospitals. Patients with specific contraindications (e.g., spinal anomalies, allergies, or infections) will be excluded. Randomization divides participants into two groups (CB and RLB), with pain assessments performed using the FLACC pain scale by a blinded nurse.\n\nProcedures:\n\nCB: 0.125% bupivacaine (1 mL\u002Fkg, max 20 mL) injected into the sacral canal under ultrasound guidance.\n\nRLB: 0.25% bupivacaine (0.1 mL\u002Fkg) injected into the retrolaminar space at the L4 level under ultrasound guidance.\n\nPostoperative pain will be evaluated at various intervals (30 minutes to 24 hours). Intravenous paracetamol or tramadol will be administered based on pain scores.\n\nThe study aims to compare pain scores, time to first analgesic requirement, and postoperative complications, contributing valuable data on these two regional anesthesia techniques in pediatric surgery.",[577],"Post Operative Pain","2025-02-16",{"date":580,"type":37},"2025-02-18",{"date":582,"type":37},"2024-12-15",{"date":584,"type":21},"2025-12-16",{"name":43,"class":44},2,""]