[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"leadSponsorName\":\"Liaquat National Hospital & Medical College\",\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:":359},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,13,0,[8,42,70,92,123,145,165,189,219,244,278,306,332],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":15,"eligibilityCriteria":16,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":20,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":24,"briefSummary":26,"conditions":27,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":30,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":31,"startDateStruct":34,"completionDateStruct":36,"leadSponsor":38,"locationsCount":41},"100641479","eras-in-total-knee-arthroplasty-a-randomized-controlled-trial-100641479",false,"NCT07655921","ERAS in Total Knee Arthroplasty: a Randomized Controlled Trial","Effectiveness of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocols in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Tria","ERAS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA grade of 1-3 BMI was restricted to less than 30 kg\u002Fm²\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA grade of IV or higher uncontrolled comorbidities not consenting to the protocol","ALL","50 Years","70 Years",{"count":21,"type":22},120,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[25],"NA","Total knee arthroplasty(TKA) is the most commonly performed procedure for advanced knee osteoarthritis. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are primarily implemented to reduce perioperative stress and improve surgical and functional outcomes. Evidence of the implementation of ERAS protocols in low to middle-income countries like Pakistan is limited. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ERAS protocols in TKA patients.\n\nA prospective randomized controlled trial study was conducted within our institute from July 2025 to January 2026, in which a total of 239 patients who underwent primary bilateral TKA, of which 121 patients received conventional treatment and protocols, and a study group with 120 participants were managed according to the ERAS protocol. Patients were in the 50-70 years age bracket, and had an American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I-III. The protocol included preoperative physiotherapy, reduced fasting time, multimodal anesthesia, perioperative tranexamic acid, early ambulation and early oral intake. Postoperative outcomes included time to oral intake, postoperative nausea and vomiting, time to mobilization, length of hospital stay, range of motion and Hospital for Special Surgery score.",[15,28],"TKA","RECRUITING","2026-06-12",{"date":32,"type":33},"2026-06-18","ACTUAL",{"date":35,"type":33},"2025-05-13",{"date":37,"type":22},"2026-07-01",{"name":39,"class":40},"Liaquat National Hospital & Medical College","OTHER",1,{"id":43,"slug":44,"hasResults":11,"nctId":45,"briefTitle":46,"officialTitle":47,"acronym":48,"eligibilityCriteria":49,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":50,"maxAge":51,"enrollmentInfo":52,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":54,"briefSummary":56,"conditions":57,"keywords":59,"overallStatus":61,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":62,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":63,"startDateStruct":65,"completionDateStruct":67,"leadSponsor":69,"locationsCount":41},"100640253","phase-2-comparison-of-hemodynamic-effects-of-bupivacaine-in-spinal-anesthesia-100640253","NCT07616882","Comparison of Hemodynamic Effects of Bupivacaine in Spinal Anesthesia","Comparison of Hemodynamic Effects of Fractionated Dose Versus Bolus Dose of Hyperbaric Bupivacaine (0.5%) in Spinal Anesthesia for Lower Limb Surgery","Nill","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA I and II\n* Adults 18 to 60 years of age of either gender\n* height from 160 to 182cm and BMI from 15 to 29.9kg\u002Fm2\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA III and IV\n* Refusal of consent\n* any known renal, hepatic, cardiac or cerebrovascular disease\n* hypersensitivity to local anaesthetics drug\n* spinal deformity or any contra indications to spinal anesthesia","18 Years","60 Years",{"count":53,"type":22},100,[55],"PHASE2","To assess hemodynamic changes with hyperbaric bupivacaine with spinal anesthesia",[58],"Hemondynamic Changes in Spinal Anesthesia",[60],"Spinal ansethesia, Fractionated, Bolus","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-05-26",{"date":64,"type":33},"2026-06-01",{"date":66,"type":22},"2027-04-01",{"date":68,"type":22},"2027-10-01",{"name":39,"class":40},{"id":71,"slug":72,"hasResults":11,"nctId":73,"briefTitle":74,"officialTitle":75,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":76,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":50,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":77,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":79,"briefSummary":81,"conditions":82,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":61,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":84,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":85,"startDateStruct":87,"completionDateStruct":89,"leadSponsor":91,"locationsCount":41},"100633923","phase-4-comparison-of-antihistamine-and-antileukotriene-add-on-therapy-to-intranasal-corticosteroid-in-allergic-rhinitis-100633923","NCT07532993","Comparison of Antihistamine and Antileukotriene Add-On Therapy to Intranasal Corticosteroid in Allergic Rhinitis","Comparison of Intranasal Corticosteroid Plus Oral Antihistamine Versus Intranasal Corticosteroid Plus Oral Antileukotriene in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults aged 18-60 years with a clinical diagnosis of allergic rhinitis.\n* Patients with moderate to severe symptoms (nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, sneezing, itching).\n* Patients willing to participate and provide informed consent.\n* Patients not using antihistamines, antileukotrienes, or corticosteroids for at least 2 weeks prior to enrollment.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients with bronchial asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, or significant nasal pathology.\n* Known hypersensitivity to study medications.\n* Pregnant or lactating women.\n* Use of systemic corticosteroids or immunotherapy within the past 4 weeks.\n* Active nasal or sinus infection.\n* Patients with significant systemic illness or unable to comply with follow-up.",{"count":78,"type":22},32,[80],"PHASE4","Allergic rhinitis is a very common condition that can cause symptoms such as sneezing, a runny nose, nasal blockage, and itching in the nose. These symptoms can interfere with sleep, daily activities, and overall quality of life. Although several medicines are available to treat allergic rhinitis, it is not always clear which combination of treatments works best for patients in everyday clinical practice.\n\nThe purpose of this study is to compare two commonly used treatment combinations for allergic rhinitis in adults. One group of participants will receive an intranasal corticosteroid along with an oral antihistamine. The other group will receive an intranasal corticosteroid along with an oral antileukotriene. Both treatment approaches aim to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms, but they act through different pathways in the body.\n\nThis study is designed as a randomized controlled trial. Participants who meet the eligibility criteria will be assigned by chance to one of the two treatment groups. This method helps ensure that the comparison between treatments is fair and unbiased.\n\nThe main goal of the study is to find out whether one treatment combination provides better relief of nasal symptoms than the other, or if both treatments are equally effective. To assess this, participants' symptoms will be recorded using a structured symptom scoring system at the start of the study and during follow-up visits.\n\nParticipants will be evaluated at baseline and at scheduled follow-up visits. Changes in their symptoms over time will be carefully monitored and compared between the two groups. The results of this study may help doctors choose the most effective treatment approach for adults with allergic rhinitis and support better evidence-based care.\n\nThis study has been reviewed and approved by the institutional ethical review committee. Participation in the study is voluntary, and informed consent will be obtained from all participants before enrollment.",[83],"Allergic Rhinitis (AR)","2026-04-09",{"date":86,"type":33},"2026-04-16",{"date":88,"type":22},"2026-09",{"date":90,"type":22},"2027-05",{"name":39,"class":40},{"id":93,"slug":94,"hasResults":11,"nctId":95,"briefTitle":96,"officialTitle":97,"acronym":98,"eligibilityCriteria":99,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":100,"minAge":101,"maxAge":102,"enrollmentInfo":103,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":105,"briefSummary":107,"conditions":108,"keywords":110,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":115,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":116,"startDateStruct":118,"completionDateStruct":120,"leadSponsor":122,"locationsCount":41},"100630056","phase-1-comparison-between-tranversus-abdominis-plane-tap-block-with-only-bupivacaine-and-tap-block-with-bupivacaine-plus-ketamine-in-reducing-postoperative-pain-after-total-abdominal-hystrectomy-100630056","NCT07482709","Comparison Between Tranversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block With Only Bupivacaine and TAP Block With Bupivacaine Plus Ketamine in Reducing Postoperative Pain After Total Abdominal Hystrectomy","Transversus Abdominis Plane Block : A Comparative Study Between Bupivacaine vs Bupivacaine With Ketamine in Total Abdominal Hystrectomy","TAP-BvsBK-TAH","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Aged between 25 to 60 years.\n* ASA grade I \\& II.\n* Undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* BMI \\>35kg\u002Fm2.\n* Patient refusal for participation.\n* Patients with coagulation disorders.\n* Patents with history of allergy and hypersensitivity to local anesthetic.\n* Patient having infection at the injection site.\n* Alcohol or drug abuse.\n* Cognitive or mental disorder.","FEMALE","25 Years","65 Years",{"count":104,"type":22},30,[106,55],"PHASE1","The goal of this study is to know how effectively TAP block can reduce postoperative pain in total abdominal hystrectomy patients when given ketamine in addition to bupivacaine in TAP block and to compare it with the conventional TAP block with bupivacaine only. The main question it aims to answer is:\n\nDoes intervention with ketamine in TAP block lowers the postoperative pain measured via visual analog scale and decreases the need for rescue analgesia?\n\nPatients will be assessed for pain in PACU( post anesthesia care unit), 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours postoperatively. Time of rescue analgesia will also be noted if given.",[109],"Post Operative Pain in Total Abdominal Hystrectomy",[111,112,113,114],"post operative pain","total abdominal hystrectomy","TAP Block with ketamine","bupivacaine vs bupivacaine plus ketamine","2026-03-22",{"date":117,"type":33},"2026-03-25",{"date":119,"type":33},"2025-11-01",{"date":121,"type":22},"2026-04-01",{"name":39,"class":40},{"id":124,"slug":125,"hasResults":11,"nctId":126,"briefTitle":127,"officialTitle":127,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":128,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":129,"maxAge":130,"enrollmentInfo":131,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":133,"briefSummary":134,"conditions":135,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":137,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":138,"startDateStruct":140,"completionDateStruct":142,"leadSponsor":144,"locationsCount":41},"100628042","phase-2-the-effect-of-001-atropine-eye-drops-on-axial-length-and-refraction-in-myopic-children-compared-to-a-control-group-100628042","NCT07456488","The Effect of 0.01% Atropine Eye Drops on Axial Length and Refraction in Myopic Children Compared to a Control Group","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children aged 4-16 years\n* Both genders\n* Myopia of baseline SER of -1.00D or more\n* Astigmatism less than or equal to -2.50D\n* No medical history predisposing severe myopia (e.g., Marfan syndrome, Stickler syndrome, and retinopathy of prematurity), abnormal ocular refractive anatomy (e.g., keratoconus, lenticonus, and spherophakia)\n* No history of other vision-threatening ocular diseases or previous intraocular surgery.\n* No current or previous use of atropine or pirenzipine, contact lenses or other forms of treatment that may affect myopia progression.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Astigmatism ≥ 2.5 D\n* Anisometropia\\>1 D\n* Best corrected visual acuity \\\u003C 0.5 (6\u002F12)\n* Prior intraocular surgery\n* Allergy to atropine eye drops\n* Systemic diseases associated with myopia such as Marfan syndrome, Stickler syndrome\n* History of cardiac or significant respiratory diseases\n* Lack of consent for participating in the study","4 Years","16 Years",{"count":132,"type":22},60,[55],"In this study, atropine 0.01% eye drops will be given to myopic children once at night daily for 6 months as compared to a control group to see the effect on axial length and refraction",[136],"Focus on Axial Length","2026-03-03",{"date":139,"type":33},"2026-03-06",{"date":141,"type":33},"2025-07-13",{"date":143,"type":22},"2026-04-30",{"name":39,"class":40},{"id":146,"slug":147,"hasResults":11,"nctId":148,"briefTitle":149,"officialTitle":150,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":151,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":100,"minAge":50,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":152,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":153,"briefSummary":154,"conditions":155,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":61,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":157,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":158,"startDateStruct":160,"completionDateStruct":162,"leadSponsor":164,"locationsCount":41},"100624934","phase-2-comparison-of-hypotension-after-spinal-anesthesia-with-hyperbaric-vs-isobaric-bupivacaine-in-elective-cesarean-after-colloid-preloading-100624934","NCT07416084","Comparison of Hypotension After Spinal Anesthesia With Hyperbaric Vs Isobaric Bupivacaine in Elective Cesarean After Colloid Preloading.","Comparison of Maternal Hypotension After Spinal Anesthesia With Hyperbaric Bupivacaine Vs Isobaric Bupivacaine in Elective Cesarean Section With Colloid Preloading","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA II parturient with normal pregnancy Parturients undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia Parturient refusing normal trial of labor, planned for ELLSCS under spinal anesthesia\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patient refusal Parturient with known drug allergy to local anesthetics Parturients undergoing emergency cesarean section Spinal anesthesia converted to general anesthesia.",{"count":132,"type":22},[55],"To assess the hemodynamic difference after spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine and isobaric bupivacaine in elective cesarean section",[156],"Hypotension After Spinal Anesthesia","2026-02-16",{"date":159,"type":33},"2026-02-17",{"date":161,"type":22},"2026-02-01",{"date":163,"type":22},"2026-07-30",{"name":39,"class":40},{"id":166,"slug":167,"hasResults":11,"nctId":168,"briefTitle":169,"officialTitle":170,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":171,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":129,"maxAge":172,"enrollmentInfo":173,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":174,"briefSummary":175,"conditions":176,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":181,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":182,"startDateStruct":184,"completionDateStruct":186,"leadSponsor":188,"locationsCount":41},"100610962","animated-video-and-associated-pain-and-anxiety-reduction-following-pin-removal-post-supracondylar-fracture-fixation-100610962","NCT07234396","Animated Video and Associated Pain and Anxiety Reduction, Following Pin Removal Post-supracondylar Fracture Fixation","Animated Procedure Video Reduces Pain and Anxiety Among Pediatric Patients Undergoing Pin Removal Following Supracondylar Fracture Fixation - A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients with supracondylar fractures operated on for percutaneous K-wire fixation.\n* Age between 4 to 12 years\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Any syndromic patients\n* Patients having any visual or cognitive disability\n* Patients having any pre-operative or post-operative complications before pin removal.\n* Patients undergoing the procedure under general anesthesia.\n* Age \\\u003C4 or \\>12","12 Years",{"count":21,"type":22},[25],"Assessing the reduction in pain and anxiety by the use of showing an animated video of the procedure, among pediatric patients undergoing pin removal after fixation of supracondylar fractures.",[177,178,179,180],"Supracondylar Fractures","Fracture Fixation","Pain Severity","Anxiety","2025-11-19",{"date":183,"type":33},"2025-11-24",{"date":185,"type":33},"2025-10-31",{"date":187,"type":22},"2026-01-20",{"name":39,"class":40},{"id":190,"slug":191,"hasResults":11,"nctId":192,"briefTitle":193,"officialTitle":194,"acronym":195,"eligibilityCriteria":196,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":197,"maxAge":198,"enrollmentInfo":199,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":200,"briefSummary":201,"conditions":202,"keywords":207,"overallStatus":61,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":212,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":213,"startDateStruct":215,"completionDateStruct":217,"leadSponsor":218,"locationsCount":4},"100606787","phase-1-children-of-age-2-6years-undergoing-elective-surgery-will-be-divided-into-two-groups-randomly-this-study-aims-to-evaluate-if-intranasal-dexmedetomidine-is-better-than-intranasal-ketamine-in-producing-sedation-and-reducing-parent-separation-anxiety-before-surgery-100606787","NCT07180095","Children of Age 2-6years Undergoing Elective Surgery Will be Divided Into Two Groups Randomly. This Study Aims to Evaluate if Intranasal Dexmedetomidine is Better Than Intranasal Ketamine in Producing Sedation and Reducing Parent Separation Anxiety Before Surgery.","Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Versus Intranasal Ketamine for Preoperative Sedation in Pediatrics","DREAM-Kids","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* American society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) class-I and II\n* Children 2-6 years of age undergoing elective surgery\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Known hypersensitivity to study drugs\n* Refusal of consent\n* Known renal, hepatic or cardiac dysfunction\n* Nasal deformity or pathology\n* Recent upper respiratory infection (within 2 weeks)\n* Children undergoing neurosurgery or ophthalmic surgery","2 Years","6 Years",{"count":132,"type":22},[106,55],"This study aims to compare intranasal dexmedetomidine versus intranasal ketamine as a premedication in children undergoing surgery in our population. Hypothesis is Intranal dexmedetomidine is better than intranasal ketamine in producing preoperative sedation in pediatric patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia.",[203,204,205,206],"Sedation","Preoperative Anxiety Experienced by the Pediatric Patient","Anxiolytic Effect","Sedation and Analgesia",[208,209,210,211],"Preoperative Sedation","Hemodynamic changes","Dexmedetomidine","Dexmedetomidine vs Ketamine","2025-09-11",{"date":214,"type":33},"2025-09-18",{"date":216,"type":22},"2026-01-01",{"date":163,"type":22},{"name":39,"class":40},{"id":220,"slug":221,"hasResults":11,"nctId":222,"briefTitle":223,"officialTitle":223,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":224,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":225,"maxAge":226,"enrollmentInfo":227,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":229,"briefSummary":230,"conditions":231,"keywords":234,"overallStatus":61,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":236,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":237,"startDateStruct":239,"completionDateStruct":241,"leadSponsor":243,"locationsCount":4},"100597407","phase-1-comparison-of-the-outcome-of-treatment-with-silymarin-or-n-aceylcysteine-in-patients-taking-anti-tuberculous-drugs-for-tuberculosis-at-a-tertiary-care-hospital--karachi-100597407","NCT07058090","Comparison of the Outcome of Treatment With Silymarin or N-Aceylcysteine in Patients Taking Anti-Tuberculous Drugs for Tuberculosis at a Tertiary Care Hospital , Karachi","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients presenting with tuberculosis and previously not on any anti-tuberculous drugs, between 40-80 years of age\n* either gender.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of malignancy.\n* Patients with history of seropositive, seronegative, connective tissue disorder or vasculitis, congestive cardiac failure.\n* Patients with history of alcohol use.\n* Discontinuation of drug due to other adverse effects except hepatotoxicity.\n* Inadequate date of laboratory testing at baseline or 2 to 4 weeks after treatment initiation.\n* Cases with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, viral hepatitis, or suspected mal absorption (e.g., gastrointestinal disease or diarrhea).\n* Chronic liver disease, COPD, asthma, myocardial infarction, chronic kidney disease and stroke.","40 Years","80 Years",{"count":228,"type":22},410,[106],"OBJECTIVE : To compare the outcome of treatment with silymarin or N-acetyl cysteine in patients taking anti-tuberculous drugs for tuberculosis at Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi.\n\nSAMPLE SELECTION : Patients presenting with tuberculosis previously not on anti-tuberculous drugs, between 40-80 years of age, both genders will be included .Patients with history of alcohol use,Discontinuation of drug due to other adverse effects except hepatotoxicity ,Inadequate date of laboratory testing at baseline or 2 to 4 weeks after treatment initiation, Cases with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, viral hepatitis, or suspected mal absorption (e.g., gastrointestinal disease or diarrhea) ,Chronic liver disease, COPD, asthma, myocardial infarction, chronic kidney disease and stroke will be excluded",[232,233],"Drug Induced Liver Injury","Tuberculosis (TB)",[235],"prevention of Antituberculous drugs induced liver injury","2025-07-04",{"date":238,"type":33},"2025-07-10",{"date":240,"type":22},"2025-07",{"date":242,"type":22},"2026-05",{"name":39,"class":40},{"id":245,"slug":246,"hasResults":11,"nctId":247,"briefTitle":248,"officialTitle":249,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":250,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":51,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":251,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":252,"briefSummary":253,"conditions":254,"keywords":260,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":270,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":271,"startDateStruct":273,"completionDateStruct":275,"leadSponsor":277,"locationsCount":41},"100570818","phase-1-effect-of-dexmedetomidine-on-hemodynamic-response-to-endotracheal-intubation-in-hypertensive-patients-100570818","NCT06712186","Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Hemodynamic Response to Endotracheal Intubation in Hypertensive Patients","Title: the Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Hemodynamic Responses to Endotracheal Intubation in Hypertensive Patients Undergoing Surgery","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA Grade II\n* Age \\> 60 years\n* Elective surgical procedures under GA.\n* All patients with a diagnosis of hypertension for 6 months or more and undergoing treatment with antihypertensive medications.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patient refusal\n* ASA Grade III and IV\n* Severely Hypovolemic state\n* Emergency surgeries\n* Body weight more than 20% of ideal body weight.\n* Patients with known or unanticipated difficult intubation and those requiring more than 15 sec or two attempts at laryngoscopy\n* Allergic to dexmedetomidine\n* Non complaint hypertensive patients\n* Patients with uncontrolled hypertension.",{"count":132,"type":22},[106,55],"Dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, has been shown to provide several benefits during endotracheal intubation:\n\n1. \\_Reduced anxiety and stress\\_: Dexmedetomidine's anxiolytic and sedative effects help reduce anxiety and stress associated with endotracheal intubation.\n2. \\_Improved intubating conditions\\_: Dexmedetomidine can improve intubating conditions by reducing the incidence of coughing, bucking, and laryngospasm.\n3. \\_Decreased hemodynamic responses\\_: Dexmedetomidine can attenuate the hemodynamic responses to intubation, including tachycardia, hypertension, and increased cardiac output.\n4. \\_Increased ease of intubation\\_: Dexmedetomidine can facilitate smoother and easier intubation by reducing the need for additional anesthetics or muscle relaxants.\n\nThe physiological responses to dexmedetomidine during intubation include:\n\n1. \\_Decreased heart rate\\_: Dexmedetomidine can cause a decrease in heart rate due to its effects on the sympathetic nervous system.\n2. \\_Decreased blood pressure\\_: Dexmedetomidine can also cause a decrease in blood pressure due to its vasodilatory effects.\n3. \\_Increased sedation\\_: Dexmedetomidine's sedative effects can help reduce anxiety and stress during intubation.\n4. \\_Reduced respiratory rate\\_: Dexmedetomidine can cause a decrease in respiratory rate due to its effects on the respiratory centers in the brain.\n\nThe clinical benefits of dexmedetomidine during intubation include:\n\n1. \\_Improved patient comfort\\_: Dexmedetomidine's sedative and anxiolytic effects can improve patient comfort during intubation.\n2. \\_Reduced need for additional anesthetics\\_: Dexmedetomidine can reduce the need for additional anesthetics or muscle relaxants during intubation.\n3. \\_Decreased risk of complications\\_: Dexmedetomidine's effects on hemodynamic responses and respiratory rate can decrease the risk of complications during intubation.",[255,256,257,258,259],"Elective Surgical Patient","Hypertensive Patients","Blood Pressure","Hypertensive Elderly Patients","Anxiolytic",[261,210,262,263,264,265,266,267,268,269,259],"Laryngoscopy","Hemodynamic Response","Endotracheal intubation","Pressor response","Hypertension","Intubation","General anesthesia","a 2 agonist","Sedative","2024-12-06",{"date":272,"type":33},"2024-12-11",{"date":274,"type":33},"2024-06-22",{"date":276,"type":22},"2024-12-01",{"name":39,"class":40},{"id":279,"slug":280,"hasResults":11,"nctId":281,"briefTitle":282,"officialTitle":283,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":284,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":100,"minAge":50,"maxAge":225,"enrollmentInfo":285,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":287,"briefSummary":289,"conditions":290,"keywords":292,"overallStatus":29,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":297,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":298,"startDateStruct":300,"completionDateStruct":302,"leadSponsor":304,"locationsCount":305},"100571629","phase-3-use-of-iv-tramadol-and-ketamine-for-prevention-of-post-spinal-anesthesia-shivering-100571629","NCT06722742","Use of Iv Tramadol and Ketamine for Prevention of Post Spinal Anesthesia Shivering","Frequency of Shivering Among Patient Treaed With IV Tramadol Versus Iv Ketamine in Prevention of Post Spinal Anesthesia Undergoing Cesarean Section: Rendomiced Control Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pateint for elective cesarean section\n* Age 18 to 40 years\n* ASA 1 and 2\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA 2 and 3\n* Cesarean section requiring general anesthesia\n* Hypersensitivity to Ketamine, Tramadol and Opiods\n* History of cardiovascular disease",{"count":286,"type":22},250,[288],"PHASE3","\\*Ketamine:\\* Ketamine is a medication that can help reduce shivering by blocking certain nerve signals in the brain. It's like a \"nerve blocker\" that helps calm down the body's shivering response.\n\n\\- \\*Tramadol:\\* Tramadol is a pain medication that can also help reduce shivering. It works by affecting the brain's temperature regulation centers, which helps to reduce the shivering response.",[291],"Shivering, Spinal Anesthesia",[293,294,295,296],"shivering","Spinal anesthesia","Ketamine","Tramadol and Metclopromide","2024-12-03",{"date":299,"type":33},"2024-12-09",{"date":301,"type":33},"2024-09-30",{"date":303,"type":22},"2025-01-30",{"name":39,"class":40},3,{"id":307,"slug":308,"hasResults":11,"nctId":309,"briefTitle":310,"officialTitle":311,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":312,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":50,"maxAge":313,"enrollmentInfo":314,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":316,"briefSummary":317,"conditions":318,"keywords":320,"overallStatus":61,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":324,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":325,"startDateStruct":327,"completionDateStruct":329,"leadSponsor":331,"locationsCount":4},"100570273","phase-1-gabapentin-and-pressor-response-to-intubation-100570273","NCT06705101","Gabapentin and Pressor Response to Intubation","GABAPENTIN ATTENUATES THE PRESSOR RESPONSE TO DIRECT LARYNGOSCOPY AND TRACHEAL INTUBATION","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA I or II patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification).\n* Age between 18 and 59 years.\n* Scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Anticipated difficult intubation.\n* ASA III or greater.\n* Patients with hiatus hernia or gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD).\n* Body weight more than 20% of ideal body weight.\n* Patients on antihypertensive drugs, sedatives, hypnotics, or antidepressants.","59 Years",{"count":315,"type":22},144,[106,55],"This study evaluates the effectiveness of oral gabapentin in reducing the pressor response (increased MAP, HR, and BP) during laryngoscopic intubation. It is a prospective, double-blind randomized controlled trial involving 144 patients undergoing elective surgery. Gabapentin 300 mg or placebo will be administered preoperatively, with hemodynamic parameters monitored before and after intubation. The study aims to determine if gabapentin attenuates the sympathetic stress response compared to placebo.",[319,257],"Elective Surgical Patients",[321,261,322,323],"Gabapentin","Hemodynamic Stability","Pressor Response","2024-11-22",{"date":326,"type":33},"2024-11-26",{"date":328,"type":22},"2024-12-15",{"date":330,"type":22},"2025-07-16",{"name":39,"class":40},{"id":333,"slug":334,"hasResults":11,"nctId":335,"briefTitle":336,"officialTitle":337,"acronym":338,"eligibilityCriteria":339,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":340,"maxAge":341,"enrollmentInfo":342,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":344,"briefSummary":345,"conditions":346,"keywords":348,"overallStatus":61,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":351,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":352,"startDateStruct":354,"completionDateStruct":356,"leadSponsor":358,"locationsCount":4},"100556775","phase-1-racecadotril-versus-standard-treatment-in-decreasing-the-duration-of-acute-diarrhoea-in-children-100556775","NCT06529497","Racecadotril Versus Standard Treatment in Decreasing the Duration of Acute Diarrhoea in Children","Efficacy of Racecadotril in Addition to Standard Treatment i in Decreasing the Duration of Acute Diarrhoea in Children as Compared to Standard of Treatment Alone","ERADICATE","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Hospitalized Patients with acute watery diarrhea of both genders who are\n\n  1. Age: 03 months to 05 years\n  2. Present in first 24 hours of onset of disease.\n\n     Exclusion Criteria:\n\n  \u003C!-- -->\n\n  1. Parenteral Diarrhea\n  2. Chronic Diarrhea like Coeliac disease, Lactose intolerance\n  3. Mal-absorption Syndromes\n  4. Diarrhea related to food poisoning, dysentery as suggested by history\n  5. Severe dehydration patents who are vitally unstable.\n  6. Diarrhea associated with measles.\n  7. Persistent vomiting\n  8. Abdominal distention\n  9. Patients allergic to racecadotril\n  10. Patients managed before enrolled to study","3 Months","5 Years",{"count":343,"type":22},260,[106,55],"Acute watery diarrhea is defined as the passage of 3 or more loose or liquid stools per day for 3 or more days but less than 14 days, including patients with mild to moderate dehydration per WHO classification. The study's outcome variables are stool frequency, measured by the total number of stools passed during 24 and 48 hours from the initiation of treatment, and hospital duration, measured by the total duration of hospital stay in hours. The null hypothesis states that racecadotril combined with standard treatment has no effect on reducing the mean number of stools passed during 48 hours compared to standard treatment alone in pediatric patients with acute watery diarrhea, while the alternate hypothesis suggests that racecadotril combined with standard treatment will significantly reduce the mean number of stools passed during 48 hours compared to standard treatment alone in these patients.",[347],"Diarrhoea",[349,347,350],"Stool","Paediatrics","2024-07-30",{"date":353,"type":33},"2024-07-31",{"date":355,"type":22},"2024-08-02",{"date":357,"type":22},"2024-12-02",{"name":39,"class":40},""]