[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"leadSponsorName\":\"Liverpool John Moores University\",\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:":214},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,7,0,[8,43,73,110,138,161,187],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":15,"eligibilityCriteria":16,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":20,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":24,"briefSummary":26,"conditions":27,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":31,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":32,"startDateStruct":35,"completionDateStruct":37,"leadSponsor":39,"locationsCount":42},"100637734","the-effects-of-postbiotic-supplementation-in-female-athletes-100637734",false,"NCT07580118","The Effects of Postbiotic Supplementation in Female Athletes","The Effect of Daily Supplementation With Humiome® Post LB on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Female Athletes. A Double-blinded Randomised Controlled Trial.","GIJane","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Female, cisgender, premenopausal.\n2. Minimum age 18 years.\n3. Regular, natural menstrual cycle (21-35 days in duration), with 9 or more consecutive periods per year, if possible documented with tracker apps, calendars, or other tools\n4. Ability to give informed consent.\n5. Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 18.5 and \\\u003C 24.9 kg\u002Fm²\n6. Agreeing to maintain lifestyle habits during the study (same dietary and physical activity habits)\n7. Having a smartphone and a history of consistent tracking of training and health records via apps.\n8. Having regular GI issues during exercise, and during menstruation. During pre-screening, this will be assessed with a shortened GSRS questionnaire, where participants need to have had, in the month preceding pre-screening, the equivalent of at least a score of 2 in a GSRS focus area (diarrhoea, pain, indigestion).\n9. No relevant self-reported abnormalities from medical history.\n10. Trained athlete (trains at least 3 times per week for more than 1 hour per day and who has been involved in endurance training for at least 2 years in alignment with previous research (Pfeiffer et al., 2010). This will be evaluated by assessing training records (Strava or similar applications, certificates of attendance at athletic events, club membership, etc.).\n11. Access to a health-care provider, who can be contacted by the CRO, and who reside in areas with available emergency health services.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Individuals who are pregnant, lactating, or plan to become pregnant before study end.\n2. Individuals with secondary amenorrhea.\n3. Individuals who use hormonal contraceptives during the last 6 months before (and during) the trial.\n4. Individuals who are currently participating in another clinical trial or have participated in a trial within the last two months prior to enrolment.\n5. Tobacco smokers and vapers.\n6. Individuals with acute illnesses.\n7. Individuals with a current musculoskeletal injury or one within the last month.\n8. Individuals taking probiotic supplements or have taken probiotics two weeks prior to enrolment.\n9. Individuals controlling chronic diseases with treatments known to alter the intestinal microbiome or to alter GI symptoms, such as certain pain killers, antacids, proton pump inhibitors, anti-diarrhoeal medication or supplements, and laxatives.\n10. Individuals having received antibiotics treatments within three months of trial start.\n11. Individuals having planned major changes in lifestyle (i.e. diet, weight loss program, exercise level, travelling) during the duration of the study.\n12. Individuals who have hypersensitivity\u002Fallergy to any of the components of the test product.\n13. Individuals who have planned major elective surgery during the study period.",true,"FEMALE","18 Years",{"count":21,"type":22},100,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[25],"NA","The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a postbiotic supplement can reduce stomach and gut symptoms in physically active women.\n\nThe main questions it aims to answer are:\n\nDoes the supplement reduce gut symptoms during the menstrual cycle? Does it improve symptoms related to exercise?\n\nResearchers will compare the postbiotic supplement to a placebo (a look-alike capsule that contains no active ingredient) to see if the supplement works.\n\nParticipants will be physically active, premenopausal female athletes.\n\nParticipants will:\n\nTake either the postbiotic supplement or a placebo each day for two menstrual cycles Track their menstrual cycle and training Report gut symptoms using regular questionnaires Provide stool samples to assess gut health\n\nThis study will help researchers understand whether postbiotic supplements can improve gut health and reduce symptoms that may affect training and performance in female athletes.",[28,29],"Gastrointestinal Symptoms","Menstrual Cycle","RECRUITING","2026-05-29",{"date":33,"type":34},"2026-06-02","ACTUAL",{"date":36,"type":34},"2026-05-05",{"date":38,"type":22},"2027-05-30",{"name":40,"class":41},"Liverpool John Moores University","OTHER",1,{"id":44,"slug":45,"hasResults":11,"nctId":46,"briefTitle":47,"officialTitle":48,"acronym":49,"eligibilityCriteria":50,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":51,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":52,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":54,"briefSummary":55,"conditions":56,"keywords":58,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":65,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":66,"startDateStruct":68,"completionDateStruct":70,"leadSponsor":72,"locationsCount":42},"100627875","biofeedback-intervention-for-paroxysmal-atrial-fibrillation-100627875","NCT07454317","Biofeedback Intervention for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation","Remote Physical Activity Biofeedback Intervention for Patients With Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Using Mobile Health Technology.","BI-PAF","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Participant is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the study.\n* Aged 18 or over.\n* Diagnosed with paroxysmal AF\n* Deemed medically stable and well managed.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Any concurrent cardiac arrhythmia\n* Blood pressure \\>180\u002F100\n* Unstable angina\n* Myocardial infarction within the previous 3 months\n* Valvular heart disease\n* Heart failure NYHA class 4\n* \\\u003C6 months post-transplant\n* Resting\u002Funcontrolled tachycardia\n* Stroke in last 6 weeks\n* Cardiac sarcoidosis\n* Injury or disability preventing exercise","ALL",{"count":53,"type":22},40,[25],"This project aims to bridge the gap between technology and healthcare by developing a biofeedback intervention that enables daily monitoring of atrial fibrillation episodes and physical activity levels. The main question it aims to answer is:\n\nIs a co-designed, usability-tested, bio-feedback intervention aimed at nudging patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation to increase physical activity feasible for a larger randomised control trial?\n\nThe trial is split into two separate phases, each adopting different study designs, data collection, and data analysis methods.\n\nPhase 1 Co-design and usability testing:\n\nIn this phase, we aim to test if smartwatches can be used to monitor AF and physical activity so that personalised atrial fibrillation-specific summaries can be created and sent to participants as text message nudges. The aim is to encourage participants to be more physically active.\n\nParticipants will wear a smartwatch for 3 weeks, during which they will receive text messages giving them feedback on their atrial fibrillation and physical activity. After the 3 weeks, all participants will take part in a workshop to provide feedback on what they thought and what could be improved. Improvements will be implemented by the researchers, and the process will repeat for a total of two iterations. On the first iteration only, participants will also be asked to wear a Holter monitor OR chest strap and an additional smartwatch for the first 24 hours, alongside an accelerometer watch for the first 7 days.\n\nPhase 2 Feasibility study with embedded process evaluation:\n\nThis phase aims to assess whether it is feasible and acceptable to run a larger trial across the UK (i.e. can the intervention be delivered properly and do patients think it is useful).\n\nParticipants will be randomly allocated to either their normal standard of care, or to receive a smartwatch with the biofeedback messaging service in addition to their normal standard of care. The study will take 6 and a half months in total. Both groups will complete online questionnaires periodically over this period. Both groups will also need to wear a smartwatch and accelerometer watch for 7 days before and after testing.",[57],"Atrial Fibrillation (Paroxysmal)",[59,60,61,62,63,64],"Atrial fibrillation","Physical activity","Behavioural economics","Nudge theory","Wrist worn technology","mHealth","2026-05-20",{"date":67,"type":34},"2026-05-22",{"date":69,"type":34},"2026-04-15",{"date":71,"type":22},"2028-02-01",{"name":40,"class":41},{"id":74,"slug":75,"hasResults":11,"nctId":76,"briefTitle":77,"officialTitle":78,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":79,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":51,"minAge":80,"maxAge":81,"enrollmentInfo":82,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":84,"phases":4,"briefSummary":85,"conditions":86,"keywords":91,"overallStatus":101,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":102,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":103,"startDateStruct":105,"completionDateStruct":107,"leadSponsor":109,"locationsCount":42},"100629404","associations-between-dietary-patterns-ldl-aggregation-and-cardiometabolic-health-a-cross-sectional-analysis-100629404","NCT07474233","Associations Between Dietary Patterns, LDL Aggregation, and Cardiometabolic Health: A Cross-sectional Analysis.","Associations Between Dietary Pattern Adherence, LDL Aggregation, and Cardiometabolic Health: A Cross-sectional Analysis.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults aged 25-60 years.\n* BMI range (18.5-29.9 kg\u002Fm²).\n* Following one of the specified dietary patterns (vegan\u002Fplant-based, carnivore, or omnivorous) for a minimum of 6 months.\n* Self-identified as health-focused (i.e., intentionally following the diet for perceived health benefits).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* BMI outside the stated range (\\\u003C18.5 or ≥30 kg\u002Fm²).\n* Use of lipid-lowering medications or supplements that may interfere with LDL levels.\n* Pregnancy or breastfeeding.\n* Any significant deviation from the specified diet within the last month.","25 Years","60 Years",{"count":83,"type":22},90,"OBSERVATIONAL","This study aims to investigate the extent to which vegan or plant-based, omnivorous, and carnivore dietary patterns affect LDL aggregation susceptibility (the affinity for LDL cholesterol particles to clump together in the blood), which may promote plaque build-up in arteries. Using a cross-sectional mixed-methods design, the study will measure LDL aggregation, blood lipids, and other metabolic biomarkers in individuals following these diets, and combine these data with dietary and behavioural information to examine links with cardiovascular and metabolic health.",[87,88,89,90],"Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Disease","Metabolic Syndrome","Dyslipidaemia","Endothelial Dysfunction",[92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100],"LDL aggregation","Dietary patterns","Atherosclerosis","Cardiovascular disease","Onmivore diet","Vegan diet","Carnivore diet","Lipid profile","Cardiometabolic health","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-03-11",{"date":104,"type":34},"2026-03-16",{"date":106,"type":22},"2026-05",{"date":108,"type":22},"2027-05",{"name":40,"class":41},{"id":111,"slug":112,"hasResults":11,"nctId":113,"briefTitle":114,"officialTitle":115,"acronym":116,"eligibilityCriteria":117,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":51,"minAge":118,"maxAge":81,"enrollmentInfo":119,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":121,"briefSummary":122,"conditions":123,"keywords":124,"overallStatus":101,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":102,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":131,"startDateStruct":133,"completionDateStruct":135,"leadSponsor":137,"locationsCount":42},"100628533","comparative-effects-of-carnivore-and-mediterranean-style-diets-on-ldl-aggregation-and-cardiometabolic-health-100628533","NCT07462871","Comparative Effects of Carnivore and Mediterranean-style Diets on LDL Aggregation and Cardiometabolic Health","Comparative Effects of Carnivore and Mediterranean-style Diets on LDL Aggregation Susceptibility and Cardiometabolic Health","MEDIVORE","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Male or female\n* 30-60 years of age\n* Elevated LDL cholesterol (LDL \\>3mmol\u002FL and\u002For non-HDL cholesterol \\> 4mmol\u002FL)\n* Not following any specific diet for health reasons.\n* Not currently taking lipid-lowering medications or supplements that may interfere with LDL levels.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pregnancy or breastfeeding.\n* Known food allergies or intolerances.\n* Previous history of disordered eating.\n* Currently taking cholesterol-lowering medication or supplements.","30 Years",{"count":120,"type":22},30,[25],"The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether following a Mediterranean-style diet or a Carnivore-style diet can improve heart and metabolic health in men and women aged 30-60 years with high LDL cholesterol.\n\nThe main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n1. Does following a Mediterranean or Carnivore diet change how easily LDL cholesterol particles clump together (LDL aggregation susceptibility)?\n2. Do these two diets have different effects on other measures of heart and metabolic health, such as blood fats, blood vessel function, and overall wellbeing?\n\nResearchers will compare people who follow the Mediterranean-style diet with those who follow the Carnivore-style diet to see which diet produces more beneficial changes in cholesterol and heart health markers.\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* Attend three visits at Liverpool John Moores University for screening and data collection.\n* Be randomly assigned to follow either the Mediterranean or Carnivore diet for 3 weeks, matched for calories and protein.\n* Provide fasting blood, urine, and stool samples before and after the diet period.\n* Complete non-invasive cardiovascular tests to measure blood vessel and heart function.\n* Take part in a short interview and complete questionnaires about their experience of following the diet.",[87,88,89],[94,125,126,127,92,128,129,130],"ASCVD","Diet, carbohydrate-restricted","Ketogenic diet","Low-density lipoproteins","Lipoproteins","Lipid metabolism",{"date":132,"type":34},"2026-03-13",{"date":134,"type":22},"2026-06",{"date":136,"type":22},"2027-06",{"name":40,"class":41},{"id":139,"slug":140,"hasResults":11,"nctId":141,"briefTitle":142,"officialTitle":143,"acronym":144,"eligibilityCriteria":145,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":146,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":147,"briefSummary":150,"conditions":151,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":101,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":153,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":154,"startDateStruct":156,"completionDateStruct":158,"leadSponsor":160,"locationsCount":42},"100621154","phase-1-the-effect-of-daily-supplementation-with-humiome-post-lb-on-gastrointestinal-symptoms-in-female-athletes-100621154","NCT07366931","The Effect of Daily Supplementation With Humiome® Post LB on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Female Athletes","A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Trial on the Effect of Daily Supplementation With Humiome® Post LB on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Female Athletes","GI-Jane","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Female, cisgender, premenopausal.\n2. Minimum age 18 years.\n3. Regular, natural menstrual cycle (21-35 days in duration), with 9 or more consecutive periods per year, if possible documented with tracker apps, calendars, or other tools.\n4. Willingness and ability to give informed consent and to understand, to participate, and to comply with the clinical study requirements.\n5. Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 18.5 and \\\u003C 24.9 kg\u002Fm2\n6. Agreeing to maintain lifestyle habits during the study (same dietary and physical activity habits)\n7. Having a smartphone and a history of consistent tracking of training and health records via apps.\n8. Having regular GI issues during exercise, preferably also during menstruation. During pre-screening, this will be assessed with a shortened GSRS questionnaire, where participants need to have had, in the month preceding pre-screening, the equivalent of at least a score of 2 in a GSRS focus area (diarrhoea, pain, indigestion).\n9. No relevant self-reported abnormalities from medical history.\n10. Trained athlete (trains at least 3 times per week for more than 1 hour per day and who has been involved in endurance training for at least 2 years in alignment with previous research (Pfeiffer et al., 2010). This will be evaluated by assessing training records (Strava or similar application, certificates of attendance to athletic events, club membership, etc.).\n11. Access to a health-care provider, who can be contacted by the CRO, and who reside in areas with available health services.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Individuals who are pregnant, lactating, or plan to become pregnant before study end.\n2. Individuals with secondary amenorrhea.\n3. Individuals who use hormonal contraceptives during the last 6 months before (and during) the trial.\n4. Individuals who are currently participating in another clinical trial or have participated in a trial within the last two months prior to enrolment.\n5. Tobacco smokers and vapers.\n6. Individuals with acute illness.\n7. Individuals with a current musculoskeletal injury or one within the last month.\n8. Individuals taking probiotic supplements or who have taken probiotics two weeks prior to enrolment.\n9. Individuals controlling chronic diseases with treatments known to alter the intestinal microbiome or to alter GI symptoms, such as certain pain killers, antacids, proton-pump inhibitors, anti-diarrhoeal medication or supplements, and laxatives.\n10. Individuals having received antibiotics treatments within three months of trial start.\n11. Individuals having planned major changes in lifestyle (i.e. diet, weight loss program, exercise level, travelling) during the duration of the study.\n12. Individuals who have any hypersensitivity\u002Fallergy to any of the components of the test product.\n13. Individuals who have planned major elective surgery during the study period.",{"count":21,"type":22},[148,149],"PHASE1","PHASE2","Female athletes are often overlooked in scientific research, including the understanding of their digestive system and its impact on overall health, training, and performance. The gastrointestinal (GI) system plays a critical role in supporting digestion, nutrient absorption, and acting as a protective barrier for the body. While there is some knowledge about the differences in GI structure and function between males and females at rest, there is a lack of understanding regarding how these differences manifest during exercise, especially among female athletes and at different phases of the menstrual cycle.\n\nIt has been observed that female athletes commonly report a higher prevalence of GI symptoms compared to males, with many experiencing an increase during menstruation. These symptoms, including bloating, abdominal discomfort, and irregular bowel movements, can significantly disrupt an athlete's training and performance. Elite female athletes have acknowledged that GI symptoms associated with the menstrual cycle have led to altered or disrupted training routines. While these symptoms are commonly recognized to affect a large portion of the female population, few interventions have been studied to assist in managing this discomfort. Some clinicians may direct their patients to take pain-relieving medications without any thoughts on the consequences of chronic use.\n\nOne potential strategy to reduce GI symptoms during endurance exercise is probiotic-postbiotic supplementation. Various probiotic supplements have been shown to effectively decrease diarrhoea, constipation stress, and intestinal permeability, as well as impact immunologic outcomes. Postbiotics differ from probiotics in that they are made from microorganisms that are not alive. They allow the modulation of the composition and function of the gut microbiota and enhance the intestinal barrier to prevent unwanted substances from entering the body proper. While these biotics can relieve lower GI symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), there is less consensus regarding their efficacy in modulating exercise-associated GI symptoms. Previous research by Pugh et al., 2019 has demonstrated that four weeks of probiotic supplementation was able to reduce GI symptoms during a marathon race, however this work was predominantly conducted in males and did not take menstrual cycle in consideration. This is important given that symptoms are commonly higher in the early follicular phase when a female experiences their period. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the effects of postbiotic supplementation on GI symptomology in female athletes.\n\nThe aim of this present study is to investigate the influence of postbiotic supplementation on menstrual cycle symptoms and exercise-associated GI symptoms in female endurance athletes while exercising compared to symptoms while taking a placebo.",[152,28],"Healthy Adult Females","2026-01-24",{"date":155,"type":34},"2026-01-27",{"date":157,"type":22},"2026-01-01",{"date":159,"type":22},"2026-09-30",{"name":40,"class":41},{"id":162,"slug":163,"hasResults":11,"nctId":164,"briefTitle":165,"officialTitle":166,"acronym":167,"eligibilityCriteria":168,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":51,"minAge":19,"maxAge":169,"enrollmentInfo":170,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":172,"briefSummary":173,"conditions":174,"keywords":176,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":179,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":180,"startDateStruct":182,"completionDateStruct":184,"leadSponsor":186,"locationsCount":42},"100619178","exercising-in-hot-conditions-how-does-it-effect-blood-glucose-in-people-with-t1d-100619178","NCT07341243","Exercising in Hot Conditions: How Does it Effect Blood Glucose in People With T1D","The Effect of Acute Heat Exposure on Glucose Use During Moderate-intensity Exercise in People With Type 1 Diabetes","T1D-Heat","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* T1D diagnosis more than 1 years ago (to ensure participants are out of the honeymoon period)\n* Using insulin therapy with multiple daily injections (MDI), insulin pump (pump), or hybrid closed-loop (HCL)\n\n  o If using a HCL system have experience of using a pre-programmed basal rate in manual mode during exercise\n* Aged 18-65 years\n* Regularly engaged in endurance exercise (training at least twice per week for ≥30 minutes per session)\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pregnancy\n* \\\u003C6 months postpartum or stopped breastfeeding \\\u003C1 month before recruitment\n* Existing cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease\n* Significant history of hyperglycaemia (HbA1c \\>85 mmol\u002Fmol)\n* History of severe hypoglycaemia requiring third party assistance within the last 3 months\n* Body weight \\\u003C36.5kg\n* Difficulty swallowing tablets\n* Appointment for an MRI test that cannot be rescheduled\n* Obstructive gastrointestinal disease\n* History of gastrointestinal surgery\n* Have an implanted medical device","65 Years",{"count":171,"type":22},38,[25],"A randomised, crossover, counterbalanced repeated measures study will be conducted to examine the effect of acute heat exposure on rate of change in blood glucose concentration during 40 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise and for 30 minutes after exercise. Participants will complete two experimental conditions during two separate laboratory visits, with the order of conditions randomised. One condition will be a temperate condition of 20°C with 50% relative humidity (Temperate), the other will be 40°C with 50% relative humidity (Heat). Visits will be identical, including time of day, except for the condition. Visits will be separated by 24h. Testing will take place in the laboratories of the Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences at Liverpool John Moores University.",[175],"Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)",[177,178],"exercise","heat","2026-01-05",{"date":181,"type":34},"2026-01-14",{"date":183,"type":34},"2025-11-01",{"date":185,"type":22},"2026-11-01",{"name":40,"class":41},{"id":188,"slug":189,"hasResults":11,"nctId":190,"briefTitle":191,"officialTitle":192,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":193,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":81,"enrollmentInfo":194,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":84,"phases":4,"briefSummary":196,"conditions":197,"keywords":199,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":206,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":207,"startDateStruct":209,"completionDateStruct":211,"leadSponsor":213,"locationsCount":42},"100533150","getting-under-the-skin-of-the-menopausal-hot-flush-100533150","NCT06222073","Getting Under the Skin of the Menopausal Hot Flush","The Menopausal Hot Flush: Cutaneous Vascular and Sudomotor Function and Structure in Symptomatic Women","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Aged \\>45 years for the postmenopausal cohort and aged 18-30 years for the premenopausal cohort\n* Female\n* Amenorrhoeic for \\>6 months (postmenopausal criteria)\n* \\>4 hot flushes per day (symptomatic postmenopausal criteria)\n* Eumenorrhoeic with regular menstrual cycles (premenopausal criteria)\n* Healthy\n* Non-smoker\n* BMI 18-30 kg\u002Fm2\n* No history of cardiovascular or respiratory disease\n* No history of metabolic disease e.g. type II diabetes\n* Drink \\\u003C14 units of alcohol per week\n* Not taking any medication or treatments to alleviate hot flushes\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Aged \\\u003C 18 years or 31-44 years\n* Male\n* Smokers\n* Medical history of cardiovascular\u002Frespiratory disease\n* Medical history of metabolic disease e.g. type II diabetes\n* Drink \\>15 units of alcohol per week\n* On medication or treatments to alleviate hot flushes or have taken such medication\u002Ftreatment within the previous 6 months\n* BMI of \\\u003C18 or \\>30 kg\u002Fm2\n* Vaccination (\\\u003C1 week) due to induced systemic inflammatory reaction\n* Local forearm infection\n* Allergy to local anaesthetic\u002FMarcain\u002Famide-group anaesthetics\n* Pregnant",{"count":195,"type":22},36,"The aim of this research is to 1) test how the skin blood vessels and sweat glands function in women who experience hot flushes by using skin microdialysis to deliver small amounts of substances to the skin that cause increased skin blood flow and sweating, and 2) examine the structure of the skin blood vessels and sweat glands in the skin of women who experience hot flushes by taking a very small skin biopsy. Any changes in the function or structure of the skin blood vessels or sweat glands in women with hot flushes would increase our understanding of what causes hot flushes and help to design effective treatments.",[198],"Menopause",[200,201,202,203,204,205],"hot flush","skin","blood flow","sweating","structure","function","2025-03-13",{"date":208,"type":34},"2025-03-18",{"date":210,"type":34},"2023-01-01",{"date":212,"type":22},"2025-12-31",{"name":40,"class":41},""]