[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"countryName\":\"Iraq\",\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:":707},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":7,"results":8},null,100,0,25,[9,50,81,109,137,179,212,244,269,289,309,335,357,391,422,447,478,503,523,545,566,594,627,650,683],{"id":10,"slug":11,"hasResults":12,"nctId":13,"briefTitle":14,"officialTitle":15,"acronym":16,"eligibilityCriteria":17,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":20,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":24,"briefSummary":26,"conditions":27,"keywords":35,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":38,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":39,"startDateStruct":42,"completionDateStruct":44,"leadSponsor":46,"locationsCount":49},"100645034","effect-of-virtual-reality-guided-imagery-on-pain-anxiety-and-fatigue-in-cancer-patients-undergoing-chemotherapy-100645034",false,"NCT07677436","Effect of Virtual Reality-Guided Imagery on Pain, Anxiety, and Fatigue in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy","Effect of Virtual Reality Guided Imagery on Pain, Anxiety, and Fatigue in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial","VRGI-Chemo Tri","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Female patients aged 18 years or older.\n* Histologically confirmed breast cancer.\n* Stage I, II, or III breast cancer.\n* Underwent surgery as the initial treatment and are scheduled to receive the first cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy, with or without biologic therapy (e.g., AC or TC regimens).\n* Able to read, write, and communicate.\n* Able and willing to use a virtual reality headset.\n* Able to provide written informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Visual or hearing impairment that prevents the use of virtual reality.\n* Serious neurological or psychiatric disorders.\n* Current participation in other non-pharmacological interventions (e.g., meditation or relaxation therapy) that could influence the study outcomes.\n* Previous experience with virtual reality-guided imagery.\n* Use of analgesics, anxiolytics, or other medications during the intervention that may affect the study outcomes.","FEMALE","18 Years",{"count":21,"type":22},108,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[25],"NA","This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality-guided imagery in reducing pain, anxiety, and fatigue among female breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving virtual reality-guided imagery in addition to routine care, or a control group receiving routine care",[28,29,30,31,32,33,34],"Virtual Reality","Guided Imagery","Breast Cancer","Chemotherapy","Pain","Anxiety","Fatigue",[36],"Virtual Reality, Guided Imagery , Breast Cancer, Chemotherapy , Pain, Anxiety , Fatigue","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-27",{"date":40,"type":41},"2026-06-30","ACTUAL",{"date":43,"type":22},"2026-07-01",{"date":45,"type":22},"2027-03",{"name":47,"class":48},"Thoalfokar Mohammed Al-Obaidi","OTHER",1,{"id":51,"slug":52,"hasResults":12,"nctId":53,"briefTitle":54,"officialTitle":55,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":56,"healthyVolunteers":57,"sex":58,"minAge":59,"maxAge":60,"enrollmentInfo":61,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":63,"briefSummary":64,"conditions":65,"keywords":67,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":73,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":74,"startDateStruct":76,"completionDateStruct":77,"leadSponsor":79,"locationsCount":49},"100645340","super-putty-c-prf-hyaluronic-acid-combination-vs-c-prf-in-gingival-phenotype-modification-in-subjects-with-thin-gingival-phenotype-100645340","NCT07682259","Super Putty C-PRF\u002F Hyaluronic Acid Combination vs C-PRF in Gingival Phenotype Modification in Subjects With Thin Gingival Phenotype","Gingival Phenotype Modification Using Super-putty C-PRF\u002FHyaluronic Acid Combination Versus C-PRF Alone in Subjects With Thin Gingival Phenotype: Randomized Clinical Trials","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Systemically healthy male or female adults aged 20 to 40 years.\n2. Non-smoker.\n3. Presence of a clinically thin gingival phenotype (gingival thickness ≤ 1.0 mm) at the targeted surgical sites.\n4. Presence of bilateral homologous teeth (e.g., both maxillary canines, or both mandibular first premolars) exhibiting the same thin gingival phenotype to allow for paired test and control sites within the same oral cavity.\n5. Patients must demonstrate a high standard of oral hygiene, defined as a full-mouth plaque score and full-mouth bleeding score of ≤ 10% following initial cause-related therapy.\n6. Willingness to comply with the 6-month follow-up schedule and provide written informed consent before enrollment.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Any systemic disease or condition known to compromise wound healing or alter immune response (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, autoimmune disorders, bleeding dyscrasias).\n2. Current or recent use of medications known to induce gingival enlargement (e.g., phenytoin, cyclosporine, calcium channel blockers) or medications affecting blood coagulation and platelet function (e.g., anticoagulants) within last 10 days of the procedure.\n3. Active periodontitis, defined by probing depths \\> 3 mm or bleeding on probing at the designated experimental sites\n4. Any previous history of mucogingival surgery, soft tissue grafting, or local trauma at the selected test or control sites.\n5. Current tobacco smoking or vaping, due to its well-documented detrimental effects on local angiogenesis and soft tissue grafting outcomes.\n6. Pregnant or lactating females, due to hormonal fluctuations that can temporarily alter the gingival tissue response and capillary permeability.",true,"ALL","20 Years","40 Years",{"count":62,"type":22},20,[25],"Randomized split mouth clinical trials study focused on comparing the efficacy of C-PRF\u002F Hyaluronic acid combination versus C-PRF injection alone in subjects with thin gingival phenotype.",[66],"Thin Gingival Phenotype",[68,69,70,71,72],"periodontics","periodontal phenotype","gingival phenotype","PRF","Hyaluronic acid","2026-06-26",{"date":75,"type":41},"2026-07-02",{"date":43,"type":22},{"date":78,"type":22},"2027-08-01",{"name":80,"class":48},"Sajjad Ahmed Shakir",{"id":82,"slug":83,"hasResults":12,"nctId":84,"briefTitle":85,"officialTitle":86,"acronym":87,"eligibilityCriteria":88,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":89,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":91,"phases":4,"briefSummary":92,"conditions":93,"keywords":96,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":98,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":99,"startDateStruct":101,"completionDateStruct":103,"leadSponsor":105,"locationsCount":108},"100597965","a-multicenter-observational-study-to-understand-the-clinical-characteristics-treatment-patterns-and-access-to-novel-therapies-of-patients-with-diffuse-large-b-cell-lymphoma-in-the-mea-region-100597965","NCT07065344","A Multicenter Observational Study to Understand the Clinical Characteristics, Treatment Patterns and Access to Novel Therapies of Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in the MEA Region","A Multicenter Observational Study to Understand the Clinical Characteristics, Treatment Patterns and Access to Novel Therapies of Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in the MEA Region A Cross-sectional Multi-center, Observational Study to Describe the Disease Characteristics and Treatment Patterns and Explore Access to Novel Therapies for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Patients for Both Treatment naïve and Relapsed\u002FRefractory Patients in the Middle East & Africa (MEA) Region.","DOMAIN","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Male or female patients aged 18 years or older at diagnosis.\n2. Patients who have confirmed diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) according to the investigator's decision and\u002For histopathological diagnosis.\n3. For Cohort 1: DLBCL patients who are eligible to start treatment\\* according to the investigator's decision.\n4. For Cohort 2: patients who are diagnosed with DLBCL and have failed at least one prior line of therapy.\n5. Patients willing to sign the written informed consent form (ICF) indicating that they understand the purpose of the study and procedures required for participation.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Patients who are not eligible for treatment for any reason, according to the investigator's judgment and decision\n2. Patients with concurrent active malignancies other than DLBCL.\n3. Patients who are actively participating in any other clinical trial.",{"count":90,"type":22},500,"OBSERVATIONAL","Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the most common hematologic malignancy, with over 80,500 estimated new cases diagnosed in the United States in 20231. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most frequent subtype of NHL, accounting for 30%-40% of cases2. DLBCL is an aggressive malignancy with heterogeneous biology and behavior. Disease risk stratification and treatment planning involve various patient and clinical characteristics (e.g., age, stage, and tumor bulk), prognostic indices (e.g., International Prognostic Index (IPI) score), and gene expression profiling. Patients typically present with nodal or extranodal disease, usually exhibiting rapid tumor growth and symptoms that are highly dependent upon the tumor localization.\n\nThe diagnosis and subtyping of DLBCL have significantly advanced, from morphological assessment of tissue slide to numerous ancillary tests, including immunophenotyping performed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), cytogenetics, and detailed molecular testing to classify the disease based on cell of origin (COO). With the advent of novel therapeutic options, molecular subtyping of DLBCL at diagnosis is expected to allow prognostic stratification of patients into distinct subgroups. This stratification could provide a preclinical rationale for therapeutic targeting the involved pathways and paving the application of personalized treatment.\n\nDLBCL is a potentially curable disease with an overall 60-70% chance of achieving durable complete remission (CR) with the currently used standard first-line immunochemotherapy. However, 30-40% of patients are either refractory to first-line treatment or experience relapse and eventually will die of disease progression7. Although high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is the recommended SOC for eligible patients in the second-line setting based on results from the pivotal PARMA study, real-world SOC in this setting remains less clearly defined.\n\nPatients not cured with ASCT or ineligible to ASCT or refractory to salvage chemotherapy may be considered for Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy targeting CD1910. Although ASCT and CAR-T cell therapy offer patients an opportunity for durable remission, many patients may not be eligible for ASCT or CAR-T cell therapy or relapse after these treatments. In the last decade, the investigation of novel antigens, which can be targeted by immunotherapy and identified to eliminate malignant cells regardless of their molecular pathogenesis, has been constantly pursued.\n\nThis study aims to address this need by examining the demographic, clinical characteristics, and treatment patterns and exploring access to novel therapies for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients, both treatment naïve and relapsed\u002Frefractory patients, in the Middle East and Africa (MEA) region.",[94,95],"Hematology","Diffused Large B Cell Lymphoma",[95],"RECRUITING","2026-06-17",{"date":100,"type":41},"2026-06-18",{"date":102,"type":41},"2025-07-23",{"date":104,"type":22},"2027-01-31",{"name":106,"class":107},"AstraZeneca","INDUSTRY",21,{"id":110,"slug":111,"hasResults":12,"nctId":112,"briefTitle":113,"officialTitle":114,"acronym":115,"eligibilityCriteria":116,"healthyVolunteers":57,"sex":58,"minAge":19,"maxAge":60,"enrollmentInfo":117,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":119,"briefSummary":120,"conditions":121,"keywords":125,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":130,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":131,"startDateStruct":132,"completionDateStruct":133,"leadSponsor":135,"locationsCount":49},"100641094","micro-osteoperforation-versus-photobiomodulation-therapy-for-accelerating-maxillary-canine-retraction-100641094","NCT07658235","Micro-osteoperforation Versus Photobiomodulation Therapy for Accelerating Maxillary Canine Retraction","Micro-osteoperforation Versus Photobiomodulation Therapy for Accelerating Maxillary Canine Retraction: A Three-Arm Parallel Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.","MOP-PBMT","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18 to 40 years at the time of enrollment\n* Systemically healthy with no chronic medical conditions affecting bone metabolism or wound healing\n* Requiring bilateral maxillary first premolar extraction as part of a comprehensive fixed orthodontic treatment plan\n* Class I or mild Class II malocclusion requiring maximum anchorage canine retraction\n* Fully erupted maxillary permanent dentition with no missing teeth other than planned extraction teeth\n* Good oral hygiene (Plaque Index ≤ 1) and healthy periodontal status (probing depth ≤ 3 mm, no bleeding on probing)\n* No previous orthodontic treatment\n* Willing to attend all scheduled appointments and comply with study protocol\n* Able to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Systemic diseases affecting bone metabolism including osteoporosis, osteopenia, diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, or autoimmune conditions\n* Current use of medications affecting bone remodeling including corticosteroids, bisphosphonates, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or vitamin D supplements\n* Current or recent smokers (within the past 6 months)\n* Pregnant or breastfeeding women\n* History of head and neck radiation therapy\n* Periodontal disease or active dental infection at the time of enrollment\n* Skeletal Class III malocclusion or severe Class II requiring surgical intervention\n* Previous orthodontic treatment or orthognathic surgery\n* Craniofacial syndromes or cleft lip and palate\n* Photosensitivity disorders or use of photosensitizing medications (relevant to LLLT group)\n* Coagulation disorders or anticoagulant therapy (relevant to MOP group)\n* Uncooperative patients or those unable to maintain adequate oral hygiene throughout treatment\n* Parafunctional habits such as severe bruxism or tongue thrusting'",{"count":118,"type":22},75,[25],"Orthodontic treatment often requires moving the upper canine teeth (the pointed teeth) into the spaces left after removing premolar teeth. This process is usually slow and can take many months, making the total treatment time longer.This study will compare two techniques that may speed up this tooth movement:\n\nMicro-osteoperforation (MOP): A minimally invasive procedure in which a small device is used to create tiny holes in the jawbone near the canine tooth under local anesthesia. These micro-perforations stimulate the bone to remodel faster, which allows the tooth to move more quickly.\n\nPhotobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) \u002F Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT): A painless, non-invasive technique that uses a low-power laser light applied to the gum tissue near the canine tooth. The laser energy stimulates cells in the bone and supporting tissues to accelerate tooth movement without any cutting or drilling.\n\nThis trial will randomly assign eligible patients into one of three groups: MOP, LLLT, or a control group receiving standard orthodontic treatment only. Each group will contain 25 participants (75 total). The main goal is to measure and compare how fast the upper canine tooth moves in each group over the first month and until the space is fully closed. The study will also measure the effect of age and sex on the results. The findings will help orthodontists choose the best, fastest, and most comfortable method for each patient to shorten overall treatment time",[122,123,124],"Malocclusion","Orthodontic Tooth Movement","Maxillary Canine Retraction",[126,127,128,129],"Micro-osteoperforation","Photobiomodulation therapy","low-level laser therapy","acceleration of tooth movement","2026-06-16",{"date":100,"type":41},{"date":43,"type":22},{"date":134,"type":22},"2027-05-28",{"name":136,"class":48},"Kufa University",{"id":138,"slug":139,"hasResults":12,"nctId":140,"briefTitle":141,"officialTitle":142,"acronym":143,"eligibilityCriteria":144,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":145,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":147,"briefSummary":148,"conditions":149,"keywords":156,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":170,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":171,"startDateStruct":173,"completionDateStruct":175,"leadSponsor":177,"locationsCount":49},"100613993","evaluating-an-ai-based-mobile-application-for-chemotherapy-support-in-breast-cancer-patients-100613993","NCT07273812","Evaluating an AI-Based Mobile Application for Chemotherapy Support in Breast Cancer Patients","Evaluating an AI-Based Mobile Application for Chemotherapy Support in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial","AI-ChemoApp","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer stages I, II, or III.\n* Patients must be currently scheduled to initiate their first-ever cycle of chemotherapy.\n* Age 18 years or older.\n* Ability to understand and provide informed consent.\n* Possession of a smartphone (Android or iOS) and functional digital literacy, defined as the ability to independently navigate mobile applications, read on-screen text in Arabic, and input daily health data. (for the intervention group).\n* Willingness to comply with study procedures and follow-up schedules.\n* Ability to communicate in Arabic, as the mobile application and chatbot will be developed in Arabic.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients with Stage IV (Metastatic) breast cancer.\n* Patients receiving concurrent hormonal therapy during the chemotherapy phase, to isolate chemotherapy-induced adverse events.\n\nPatients with cognitive impairment or severe psychiatric disorders that would preclude effective interaction with the mobile application or questionnaire completion.\n\n* Patients receiving palliative care where symptom management is the sole focus and active chemotherapy is not being administered with curative or life prolonging intent.\n* Patients participating in other interventional clinical trials that might confound the outcomes of this study.\n* Patients with severe comorbidities that could significantly impact their ability to participate or bias outcome measures.",{"count":146,"type":22},130,[25],"The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if an Arabic-language mobile application that uses artificial intelligence (AI) can help women with breast cancer during chemotherapy. The app is designed to give personalized support by reminding participants about their medications, teaching them how to manage treatment side effects, and alerting their healthcare team about serious symptoms.\n\nThe main questions this study aims to answer are:\n\n1. Does the AI-based mobile app provide accurate and safe recommendations for the patients?\n2. Does using the AI-based mobile app help lower treatment-related symptoms and side effects compared to usual care?\n3. Does the app help participants take their medications more regularly?\n4. Does it increase participants' understanding and satisfaction with the information they receive about their treatment?\n\nResearchers will compare two groups:\n\nGroup 1: Participants who use the AI-based mobile app plus usual oncology care. Group 2: Participants who receive usual care only.\n\nParticipants will:\n\n1. Use the mobile app daily for 12 weeks while receiving chemotherapy.\n2. Complete short questionnaires about symptoms, medication use, and quality of life at the start and end of the study.\n3. Report any problems or feedback about using the app. The AI app is for support and education only. It does not make treatment decisions. All information from the app will be reviewed by oncologists and pharmacists to ensure participant safety.",[30,150,151,152,153,154,155],"Breast Neoplasm","Chemotherapy-Related Toxicities","Medication Adherence","Quality of Life in Cancer Patients","Accuracy of AI App","Symptom Management",[157,158,159,160,161,162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169],"Artificial Intelligence","Mobile Application","digital health","supportive care","chemotherapy","patient education","Symptom Monitoring","Human-in-the-Loop AI","Breast Cancer Chemotherapy","Oncology","Arabic Language App","Pharmacy Iraq","Randomized Controlled Trial","2026-06-10",{"date":172,"type":41},"2026-06-12",{"date":174,"type":41},"2026-06-01",{"date":176,"type":22},"2026-11-06",{"name":178,"class":48},"Dena h. Al-Tameemi",{"id":180,"slug":181,"hasResults":12,"nctId":182,"briefTitle":183,"officialTitle":184,"acronym":185,"eligibilityCriteria":186,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":187,"maxAge":188,"enrollmentInfo":189,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":191,"briefSummary":192,"conditions":193,"keywords":198,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":202,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":203,"startDateStruct":205,"completionDateStruct":207,"leadSponsor":209,"locationsCount":211},"100625784","pediatric-insulin-plan-calculator-for-t1dm-management-100625784","NCT07427134","Pediatric Insulin Plan Calculator for T1DM Management","Prospective, Parallel-Group Randomised Controlled Trial Evaluating a Flexible Insulin Dose Calculator in Paediatric Type 1 Diabetes Management","FLEXI-T1D","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children and adolescents \\\u003C 12 years\n* Diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)\n* Duration of diagnosis \\> 1 year\n* Using a multiple daily injection (MDI) regimen\n* Practising carbohydrate counting for at least 1 month before enrolment\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Use of an existing insulin dose calculator (e.g., mobile application or bolus advisor) within the last 3 months\n* Diagnosis of other types of diabetes (e.g., Type 2 diabetes mellitus, monogenic diabetes)\n* Use of insulin regimens other than multiple daily injections (MDI) (e.g., insulin pump therapy)","1 Year","12 Years",{"count":190,"type":22},440,[25],"This is a multi-centre, prospective, randomized, open-label controlled trial designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a flexible digital insulin dose calculator in children under 12 years of age with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) managed with multiple daily injections (MDI). Participants will be stratified by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) use and baseline HbA1c, and randomised to receive either standard care alone or standard care plus the insulin dose calculator tool for 6 months.\n\nThe primary outcome is the change in HbA1c from baseline to 6 months. Secondary outcomes include CGM-derived glycaemic metrics (Time in Range, Time Below Range, Time Above Range, and Coefficient of Variation), total daily insulin dose (units\u002Fkg\u002Fday), healthcare provider contact frequency, and caregiver-reported usability and satisfaction. The study aims to determine whether the use of a structured digital decision-support tool improves glycaemic control and supports safer insulin dosing in paediatric patients with T1DM.",[194,195,196,197],"Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)","T1DM","T1DM - Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus",[194,199,200,201],"Clinical Decision Support Tool","Digital Health Intervention","Insulin Dose Calculator","2026-06-06",{"date":204,"type":41},"2026-06-09",{"date":206,"type":41},"2026-05-03",{"date":208,"type":22},"2026-12-31",{"name":210,"class":48},"Sultan Qaboos University",2,{"id":213,"slug":214,"hasResults":12,"nctId":215,"briefTitle":216,"officialTitle":217,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":218,"healthyVolunteers":57,"sex":58,"minAge":219,"maxAge":220,"enrollmentInfo":221,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":223,"briefSummary":224,"conditions":225,"keywords":229,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":235,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":236,"startDateStruct":237,"completionDateStruct":239,"leadSponsor":241,"locationsCount":243},"100643395","clinical-performance-of-direct-printed-versus-thermoformed-aligners-100643395","NCT07637227","Clinical Performance of Direct-Printed Versus Thermoformed Aligners","Clinical Performance of In-Office Directly Printed Versus Thermoformed Aligners: A Randomized Clinical Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Adult patient with an age range of 15-30 with fully erupted all permanent dentitions excluding third molars, and a willingness to participate in the trial.\n2. Angle Class I non-extraction cases, presented with mild crowding or spacing (\\\u003C5 mm) and dental rotation \\\u003C30° .\n3. Good oral hygiene; no active caries\u002Fperiodontal disease, no history of trauma or root resorption.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Pregnancy, smoking, and systemic conditions affecting bone remodeling.\n2. Subject with poor oral hygiene, using simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S ≥ 3.1 ) (Greene \\& Vermillion, 1963).\n3. Patient with malposed lower second molars (need orthodontic alignment).\n4. Allergy to materials used (resins, plastics, solvents).\n5. History of trauma, root resorption, and dilacerated roots.\n6. Previous extraction or history of previous orthodontic treatment.","15 Years","30 Years",{"count":222,"type":22},34,[25],"The goal of this study is to evaluate and compare the clinical effectiveness of in-office directly 3D-printed clear aligners versus conventional multilayered thermoformed aligners.\n\nThe main question it aims to answer is:\n\nDoes the use of in-office direct-printed shape-memory aligners result in superior clinical effectiveness, compared to established multilayer thermoformed aligner systems?\n\nResearchers will compare a Direct-Printed Aligner (DPA) group using Senertek Clear-A V2 resin to a Thermoformed Aligner (TFA) group using Zendura FLX multilayer sheets to see if the additive manufacturing process improves clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction.\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* Undergo initial records including intraoral digital scans, photos, and a panoramic radiograph for treatment planning.\n* Wear their assigned clear aligners (either direct-printed or thermoformed) for at least 22 hours per day, changing them every 7 days.\n* Attend follow-up appointments every 5 weeks.",[226,227,228],"Angle Class I Malocclusion","Dental Crowding","Tooth Spacing",[230,231,232,233,234,32],"In office aligners","3D printed aligners","Thermoformed Aligners","Tooth movement","Photopolymer Resin","2026-06-05",{"date":204,"type":41},{"date":238,"type":22},"2026-06",{"date":240,"type":22},"2027-10",{"name":242,"class":48},"University of Baghdad",3,{"id":245,"slug":246,"hasResults":12,"nctId":247,"briefTitle":248,"officialTitle":249,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":250,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":251,"maxAge":252,"enrollmentInfo":253,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":255,"briefSummary":256,"conditions":257,"keywords":259,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":262,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":263,"startDateStruct":264,"completionDateStruct":266,"leadSponsor":268,"locationsCount":49},"100642864","orthodontic-treatment-outcomes-of-self-ligating-system-compared-to-clear-aligner-system-100642864","NCT07638397","Orthodontic Treatment Outcomes of Self Ligating System Compared to Clear Aligner System","Orthodontic Treatment Outcomes of Self Ligating System Compared to Clear Aligner System : A Randomized Clinical Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Good oral and general health; no systemic conditions affecting bone metabolism or pain perception.\n2. Age range between 16-32 years.\n3. Presence of full permanent dentition except the third molars.\n4. Class I canine and molar relationship moderate crowding in both arches (6-8 mm) requiring fixed orthodontic treatment.\n5. Without previous orthodontic treatment\u002F functional appliances.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Patients will be excluded from enrollment if they have a substantial skeletal discrepancy necessitating orthognathic surgery.\n2. Patient with class Ⅱ , Ⅲ malocclusion.\n3. Patient with external or internal root resorption.\n4. Patients with poor oral hygiene or active periodontal disease.\n5. 90o or more degree of tooth rotation.","16 Years","32 Years",{"count":254,"type":22},42,[25],"This study is a multi-center, prospective, parallel-group randomized controlled trial designed to compare the orthodontic treatment outcomes of a passive self-ligating bracket system (Damon Ultima) versus a clear aligner system. The primary objective is to evaluate and compare the total orthodontic treatment duration between the two systems in patients with Angle Class I malocclusion and moderate crowding. Secondary objectives include assessing alignment efficiency, patient pain perception at multiple time intervals, dental arch dimension changes, root volume loss percentage, and overall treatment quality using the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System (ABO-OGS).",[258,227],"Angle Class I Maloclussion",[260,261],"Damon ultima","clear aligner","2026-06-04",{"date":170,"type":41},{"date":265,"type":22},"2026-05-15",{"date":267,"type":22},"2028-08-20",{"name":242,"class":48},{"id":270,"slug":271,"hasResults":12,"nctId":272,"briefTitle":273,"officialTitle":273,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":274,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":275,"targetDuration":277,"studyType":91,"phases":4,"briefSummary":278,"conditions":279,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":262,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":281,"startDateStruct":282,"completionDateStruct":284,"leadSponsor":286,"locationsCount":288},"100472368","blastic-plasmacytoid-dendritic-cell-neoplasm-bpdcn-international-registry-100472368","NCT05430971","Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm (BPDCN) International Registry","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of BPDCN\n* Signed informed consent form for prospective patients\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n\\-",{"count":276,"type":22},200,"5 Years","Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm (BPDCN) is a very rare hematologic malignancy. Despite recent advances, at present there is no consensus on the optimal treatment of BPDCN. The optimal therapy of disease remains to be determined, and due to the rarity of cases, there is a need for international collaboration to collect data on BPDCN clinical presentations, diagnostics, treatment regimens and outcomes. Therefore, the objectives of this study are: (1) to build a large database of patients with BPDCN, (2) to investigate the characteristics and outcome of the disease with different treatment regimens, (3) to evaluate prognostic factors, and (4) to generate data-based prospective treatment recommendations.",[280],"Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm (BPDCN)",{"date":235,"type":41},{"date":283,"type":41},"2022-07-01",{"date":285,"type":22},"2032-07",{"name":287,"class":48},"Immune Oncology Research Institute",22,{"id":290,"slug":291,"hasResults":12,"nctId":292,"briefTitle":293,"officialTitle":294,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":295,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":19,"maxAge":296,"enrollmentInfo":297,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":299,"briefSummary":300,"conditions":301,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":303,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":304,"startDateStruct":305,"completionDateStruct":306,"leadSponsor":308,"locationsCount":49},"100643222","effect-of-medication-adherence-based-digital-intervention-on-fatigue-severity-weight-and-thyroid-hormone-regulation-100643222","NCT07636681","Effect of Medication Adherence-Based Digital Intervention on Fatigue Severity, Weight, and Thyroid Hormone Regulation","Effect of Medication Adherence-Based Digital Intervention on Fatigue Severity, Weight, and Thyroid Hormone Regulation in Patients With Hypothyroidism: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults (≥18 years) with primary hypothyroidism.\n* On stable levothyroxine therapy for at least 3 months.\n* Able to read, understand study instructions\n* capable of using basic mobile applications\n* poor medication adherence, clinically significant fatigue, documented weight fluctuations and abnormal thyroid hormone\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Secondary hypothyroidism or recent thyroidectomy\u002Fradioactive iodine therapy.\n* Pregnancy or breastfeeding woman.\n* Severe psychiatric disorders or cognitive impairment\n* significant visual or hearing deficits\n* Serious comorbidities affecting medication adherence (e.g., chronic disease, renal, or hepatic disease).\n* take dietary supplements or medications that interfere with levothyroxine absorption.","60 Years",{"count":298,"type":22},80,[25],"1. To evaluate the effect of a medication adherence-based digital intervention on fatigue severity in patients with hypothyroidism.\n2. To assess the effect of a medication adherence-based digital intervention on weight in patients with hypothyroidism.\n3. To investigate the effect of a medication adherence-based digital intervention on thyroid hormone regulation in patients with hypothyroidism.",[302],"Hypothyroidism","2026-06-03",{"date":204,"type":41},{"date":174,"type":22},{"date":307,"type":22},"2026-12-30",{"name":242,"class":48},{"id":310,"slug":311,"hasResults":12,"nctId":312,"briefTitle":313,"officialTitle":313,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":314,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":315,"maxAge":316,"enrollmentInfo":317,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":319,"briefSummary":320,"conditions":321,"keywords":323,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":327,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":328,"startDateStruct":330,"completionDateStruct":332,"leadSponsor":334,"locationsCount":49},"100625069","effect-of-toy-nebulizer-versus-distraction-cards-on-childrens-fear-and-parental-satisfaction-during-nebulization-therapy-a-comparative-study-100625069","NCT07417839","(Effect of Toy Nebulizer Versus Distraction Cards on Children's Fear and Parental Satisfaction During Nebulization Therapy: A Comparative Study","Inclusion Criteria:Children aged 3-6 years receiving nebulization therapy for the first time due to acute respiratory conditions (e.g., asthma or bronchitis).\n\n2\\. Presence of at least one parent (preferably the mother) during the procedure who is capable of evaluation and communication in Arabic or Kurdish.\n\n3\\. Children who are alert and able to cooperate (absence of severe pain or any condition preventing basic communication).\n\n4\\. Voluntary written informed consent obtained from the parents and assent from the child (where applicable).\n\n\\-\n\nExclusion Criteria:Prior history of nebulization therapy (to ensure the fear response is not conditioned by past experiences).\n\n2\\. Children with cognitive, neurological, or developmental disabilities, or severe chronic illnesses (e.g., terminal cancer).\n\n3\\. Parental inability to complete fear or satisfaction questionnaires due to disability or illiteracy.\n\n4\\. Refusal to participate by the child or parent, or the presence of emergency conditions requiring immediate life-saving intervention.\n\n\\-","3 Years","6 Years",{"count":318,"type":22},120,[25],"Goal To compare the effectiveness of a toy nebulizer versus distraction cards in reducing fear among children during nebulization therapy while improving parental satisfaction.\n\nAim To evaluate and measure children's fear levels and parents' satisfaction when using toy nebulizers compared to distraction cards in nebulization sessions.\n\nNull hypothesis: (Hᴏ) There is no statistically significant difference in fear levels among children, and parental satisfaction scores in in the toy nebulizer, distraction cards, and control groups.\n\nAlternative hypothesis: (H₁) There is a statistically significant difference in fear levels among children, and parental satisfaction scores in the toy nebulizer, distraction cards, and control groups.",[322],"Fear is a Common Psychological Response Undergoing Medical Procedures,Act From Uncertainty, Anticipation of Pain, Loss of Control, Previous Negative Experiences",[324,325,326],"\"nebulization therapy\"","\"fear\"","\"distraction card\"","2026-05-22",{"date":329,"type":41},"2026-05-27",{"date":331,"type":41},"2026-04-08",{"date":333,"type":22},"2026-08-01",{"name":242,"class":48},{"id":336,"slug":337,"hasResults":12,"nctId":338,"briefTitle":339,"officialTitle":340,"acronym":341,"eligibilityCriteria":342,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":343,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":345,"briefSummary":346,"conditions":347,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":265,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":352,"startDateStruct":353,"completionDateStruct":354,"leadSponsor":356,"locationsCount":49},"100638155","development-of-biofunctional-3d-printed-orthodontic-aligners-with-antimicrobial-and-remineralizing-properties-100638155","NCT07603427","Development of Biofunctional 3D-Printed Orthodontic Aligners With Antimicrobial and Remineralizing Properties","Development of Biofunctional 3D Printed Orthodontic Aligners Enriched With Remineralizing and Anti-microbial Agents","3D-BIOALIGN","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Extracted human teeth obtained for reasons unrelated to this study (e.g., orthodontic or periodontal indications).\n* Teeth collected after obtaining ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee.\n* Teeth free from visible cracks, fractures, restorations, or developmental defects.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* \\- Teeth with caries, restorations, cracks, fractures, or structural defects.\n* Teeth extracted due to pathological conditions affecting enamel or dentin integrity.\n* Teeth with unknown extraction history",{"count":344,"type":22},400,[25],"Clear orthodontic aligners are widely used due to their esthetics and patient comfort; however, prolonged wear may promote biofilm accumulation and enamel demineralization. This laboratory-based (in vitro) study aims to develop and evaluate a novel directly 3D-printed orthodontic aligner resin modified with antimicrobial and remineralizing agents.\n\nThe study will investigate the incorporation of dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) as an antibacterial agent and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) as a remineralizing component into a 3D-printed aligner resin. Modified and unmodified resin specimens will be fabricated and assessed for antimicrobial activity, ion release, and enamel remineralization potential using extracted human teeth.\n\nIn addition, the mechanical and physical properties of the experimental aligner materials, including shape memory behavior, deflection, tensile strength, translucency, and water sorption, will be evaluated to ensure clinical suitability.\n\nThis study does not involve human participants and is conducted entirely in vitro. The findings are expected to contribute to the development of biofunctional orthodontic aligners that actively inhibit bacterial growth and support enamel health without compromising material performance",[348,349,350,351],"Orthodontic Aligner Material","Enamel Demineralization","Dental Biofilm Formation","Clear Aligner Material Properties",{"date":327,"type":41},{"date":174,"type":22},{"date":355,"type":22},"2027-02-01",{"name":242,"class":48},{"id":358,"slug":359,"hasResults":12,"nctId":360,"briefTitle":361,"officialTitle":362,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":363,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":19,"maxAge":364,"enrollmentInfo":365,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":367,"briefSummary":368,"conditions":369,"keywords":374,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":383,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":384,"startDateStruct":386,"completionDateStruct":388,"leadSponsor":390,"locationsCount":243},"100640437","effect-of-different-breathing-techniques-on-dyspnea-and-cardiopulmonary-parameters-among-patients-after-open-heart-surgery-100640437","NCT07591987","Effect of Different Breathing Techniques on Dyspnea and Cardiopulmonary Parameters Among Patients After Open Heart Surgery","Effect of Segmental Breathing Versus Active Cycle Breathing Techniques on Dyspnea and Cardiopulmonary Parameters Among Patients After Open Heart Surgery: Randomized Controlled Trial.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18-75 years.\n* Scheduled for elective open-heart surgery.\n* Can understand instructions and perform Segmental breathing and Active cycle breathing techniques.\n* Stable preoperative hemodynamic condition.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Emergency cardiac surgeries.\n* Patients with pre-existing severe pulmonary disease (e.g., COPD, asthma, restrictive lung disease, Atelectasis, and Tuberculosis).\n* Neurological disorders affecting breathing effort.\n* Patients with rib fractures, recent thoracic trauma, or contraindications for coughing maneuvers.\n* Inability to provide informed consent (cognitive impairment, language barrier).","75 Years",{"count":366,"type":22},99,[25],"Open heart surgery is often associated with postoperative pulmonary complications, reduced lung expansion, dyspnea, and impaired cardiopulmonary function. Breathing exercises are commonly used after surgery to improve lung ventilation, enhance oxygenation, and support respiratory recovery. However, limited evidence is available comparing the effectiveness of segmental breathing exercises and active cycle breathing technique (ACBT) in patients after open heart surgery.\n\nThis randomized controlled trial will compare the effects of segmental breathing exercises and ACBT on dyspnea and cardiopulmonary parameters in adults undergoing open heart surgery. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the segmental breathing exercise group, the ACBT group, or the standard care group during the postoperative period following extubation.\n\nCardiopulmonary parameters, including oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood pressure, as well as dyspnea severity and postoperative pulmonary complications, will be assessed before and after the interventions.\n\nThe findings of this study may help identify the most effective breathing exercise technique for improving respiratory outcomes, reducing postoperative pulmonary complications, and supporting evidence-based postoperative rehabilitation after cardiac surgery.",[370,371,372,373],"Dyspnea","Cardiopulmonary Dysfunction","Postoperative Respiratory Dysfunction","Coronary Artery Disease",[375,376,377,378,379,380,381,370,382],"Open Heart Surgery","Cardiac Surgery","Breathing Exercises","Segmental Breathing Exercises","Active Cycle Breathing Technique","Postoperative Patients","Adult Patients","Cardiopulmonary Parameters","2026-05-14",{"date":385,"type":41},"2026-05-18",{"date":387,"type":41},"2026-01-02",{"date":389,"type":22},"2026-10-10",{"name":242,"class":48},{"id":392,"slug":393,"hasResults":12,"nctId":394,"briefTitle":395,"officialTitle":396,"acronym":397,"eligibilityCriteria":398,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":19,"maxAge":399,"enrollmentInfo":400,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":402,"briefSummary":403,"conditions":404,"keywords":408,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":415,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":416,"startDateStruct":418,"completionDateStruct":419,"leadSponsor":421,"locationsCount":49},"100628920","combined-mirror-therapy-and-soft-robotic-glove-for-hand-recovery-after-stroke-100628920","NCT07467915","Combined Mirror Therapy and Soft Robotic Glove for Hand Recovery After Stroke","Effect of Combining Mirror Therapy With Soft Robotic Glove on Hand Function Recovery in Post-Stroke Hemiplegic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial","MT-SRG","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nAdults aged 18-70 years with first-ever ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke confirmed by imaging (CT or MRI)\n\nModerate upper limb motor impairment (Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity \\[FMA-UE\\] score 20-50)\n\nAbility to follow simple instructions (Six-Item Cognitive Impairment Test, 6CIT)\n\nAbility to sit independently for at least 30 minutes\n\nMedically stable and cleared to participate in rehabilitation interventions\n\nWillingness to provide informed consent and adhere to the study protocol\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nSevere upper limb spasticity (Modified Ashworth Scale ≥ 3)\n\nCognitive or psychiatric disorders interfering with participation\n\nOther neurological or musculoskeletal conditions affecting upper limb function (e.g., Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, fractures)\n\nPrior exposure to intensive Mirror Therapy or Soft Robotic Gloves\n\nVisual impairment that cannot be corrected with glasses or contact lenses\n\nUncontrolled cardiovascular or other medical conditions that would prevent safe participation","70 Years",{"count":401,"type":22},104,[25],"Post-stroke hemiplegia frequently results in impaired upper limb function, which significantly affects independence and quality of life. Various rehabilitation approaches have been developed to improve motor recovery, including mirror therapy and robotic-assisted training. Mirror therapy uses visual feedback to stimulate neural plasticity and enhance motor recovery, while soft robotic gloves assist repetitive hand movements and facilitate functional training.\n\nThis randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the effect of combining mirror therapy with a soft robotic glove on hand function recovery in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia. Participants will be randomly assigned to different intervention groups receiving mirror therapy, soft robotic glove training, combined therapy, or conventional rehabilitation.\n\nThe primary outcome will assess improvement in upper limb motor function using validated clinical assessment tools. Secondary outcomes will evaluate functional hand performance and activities of daily living. The findings of this study may contribute to improving rehabilitation strategies for stroke survivors and provide evidence for integrating innovative rehabilitation technologies into clinical practice.",[405,406,407],"Stroke","Hemiplegia","Upper Limb Motor Impairment",[409,410,411,412,413,414],"Mirror Therapy","Soft Robotic Glove","Stroke Rehabilitation","Hand Function Recovery","Upper Limb Rehabilitation","Post-Stroke Hemiplegia","2026-05-08",{"date":417,"type":41},"2026-05-13",{"date":331,"type":41},{"date":420,"type":22},"2026-12-17",{"name":242,"class":48},{"id":423,"slug":424,"hasResults":12,"nctId":425,"briefTitle":426,"officialTitle":427,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":428,"healthyVolunteers":57,"sex":58,"minAge":19,"maxAge":429,"enrollmentInfo":430,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":432,"briefSummary":433,"conditions":434,"keywords":436,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":415,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":440,"startDateStruct":442,"completionDateStruct":444,"leadSponsor":446,"locationsCount":49},"100625295","investigate-the-effectiveness-of-3d-printed-shape-memory-aligners-in-the-treatment-of-anterior-open-bite-100625295","NCT07420777","Investigate the Effectiveness of 3D-printed Shape Memory Aligners in the Treatment of Anterior Open Bite","Evaluating the Effectiveness of 3D Directly Printed Shape Memory Aligners in the Management of Anterior Open Bite","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Age 18-35 years,\n2. Both genders.\n3. The patient is well fitted with no systemic disease.\n4. Mild-moderate dental anterior open bite.\n5. Well-aligned or mildly crowded dentition.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Patient with a history of trauma to the molars or incisors.\n2. Patient with a history of endodontic treatment to the maxillary first molar or incisors.\n3. Patient with a systemic disease related to bone metabolism.\n4. Patient taking immunosuppressive drugs or drugs inhibiting or accelerating tooth movement; and\n5. Patient with neuromuscular deficiencies.","35 Years",{"count":431,"type":22},51,[25],"The goal of this randomised clinical trial study is to investigate 3D-printed shape memory aligners in the treatment of anterior dental open bite adult patients. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n1. Do 3D-direct-printed shape memory aligners demonstrate potentiality in the management of AOB?\n2. What is the effect of 3D-direct printed shape memory aligners on molar intrusion?\n3. Can the 3D-direct printed shape memory aligners extrude anterior teeth without the use of attachments?\n4. Do 3D-direct printed shape memory aligners generate greater\u002Fhigher stress distribution and initial teeth displacement compared to conventional clear aligners? Researchers will compare three groups: Group I: Patients treated with conventional clear aligners with attachments; Group II: Patients treated with 3D direct-printed shape-memory aligner without attachment; Group III: Patients treated with 3D direct-printed shape memory clear aligners with attachments and see its effect on anterior open bite treatment.\n\nParticipants will wear a clear aligner for about 6-8 months. Then",[435],"Open Bite",[437,261,438,439],"open bite","memory shape","3D direct printed",{"date":441,"type":41},"2026-05-11",{"date":443,"type":41},"2026-05-01",{"date":445,"type":22},"2027-03-27",{"name":136,"class":48},{"id":448,"slug":449,"hasResults":12,"nctId":450,"briefTitle":451,"officialTitle":452,"acronym":453,"eligibilityCriteria":454,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":316,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":455,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":456,"briefSummary":457,"conditions":458,"keywords":461,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":469,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":470,"startDateStruct":472,"completionDateStruct":474,"leadSponsor":476,"locationsCount":477},"100624107","effect-of-coughing-exercises-versus-incentive-spirometry-on-respiratory-function-and-recovery-in-children-after-cardiac-surgery-100624107","NCT07405333","Effect of Coughing Exercises Versus Incentive Spirometry on Respiratory Function and Recovery in Children After Cardiac Surgery.","Effect of Coughing Exercises Versus Incentive Spirometry on Respiratory Outcomes and Postoperative Recovery Among Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery.","CEXIS","Inclusion Crit\n\n* Children aged 6 to 18 years scheduled for elective cardiac surgery.\n* Postoperative extubation within 24 hours and judged clinically stable to begin respiratory therapy.\n* Hemodynamically stable.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pre-existing moderate-to-severe chronic lung disease requiring baseline oxygen therapy.\n* Neuromuscular disorders significantly impairing cough\u002Finspiratory effort.\n* Emergency surgery, ongoing major bleeding.\n* Prolonged mechanical ventilation \\>72 hours or tracheostomy on admission.",{"count":366,"type":22},[25],"This study examines the effects of coughing exercises and incentive spirometry (IS) on lung function and recovery in children who undergo heart surgery. The main goals are to see:\n\nHow coughing exercises and IS affect breathing and lung function after surgery? How these exercises influence overall recovery after surgery? Children who participate will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: coughing exercises, IS, or standard care. Those in the exercise groups will perform their assigned breathing exercises every 3 hours for the first 3 days after surgery. Daily check-ups will be conducted to monitor their progress, lung function, and oxygen levels.\n\nThe study will measure breathing ability, oxygen levels, and recovery milestones to find out which method is most effective in preventing lung complications and helping children recover faster.",[459,372,460],"Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)","Postoperative Recovery After Cardiac Surgery",[462,463,464,465,466,467,468],"Coughing Exercises","Incentive Spirometry","Congenital Heart Disease","Respiratory Function","Recovery","cardiac surgery","pediatric","2026-05-07",{"date":471,"type":41},"2026-05-12",{"date":473,"type":41},"2025-12-07",{"date":475,"type":22},"2026-10-07",{"name":242,"class":48},4,{"id":479,"slug":480,"hasResults":12,"nctId":481,"briefTitle":482,"officialTitle":483,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":484,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":316,"maxAge":251,"enrollmentInfo":485,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":487,"briefSummary":488,"conditions":489,"keywords":491,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":495,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":496,"startDateStruct":497,"completionDateStruct":499,"leadSponsor":501,"locationsCount":49},"100634947","effect-of-virtual-reality-and-tablet-based-distraction-techniques-on-behavioral-distress-in-children-during-urinary-catheterization-100634947","NCT07546305","Effect of Virtual Reality and Tablet-Based Distraction Techniques on Behavioral Distress in Children During Urinary Catheterization","Effect of Virtual Reality and Tablet-Based Distraction Techniques on Behavioral Distress in Children During Urinary Catheterization: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age: Children aged 6 to 16 years.\n* Procedure: Children undergoing urinary catheterization at the Children's Welfare Teaching Hospital.\n* Cognitive Status: Children with normal cognitive development and the ability to follow instructions.\n* Sensory Ability: Children with normal or corrected-to-normal vision and hearing.\n* Consent: Obtaining written informed consent from the legal guardian and verbal assent from the child.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Medical History: History of epilepsy, seizures, or severe motion sickness (VR safety).\n* Emergency Cases: Children requiring urgent\u002Femergency catheterization.\n* Disabilities: Children with intellectual disabilities or significant physical impairments.",{"count":486,"type":22},90,[25],"This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the effect of Virtual Reality (VR) and tablet-based distraction techniques on children's behavioral distress during urinary catheterization, compared with a control group receiving standard care. Urinary catheterization is a painful and distressing procedure for children that requires effective non-pharmacological interventions to manage anxiety and pain. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: VR distraction, tablet-based distraction, or control. The findings of this study will provide evidence on the effectiveness of digital distraction methods in reducing behavioral distress and improving the overall experience for pediatric patients undergoing invasive procedures at specialized pediatric centers.",[490],"Urinary Catheterization",[28,492,493,490,494],"Tablet-Based Distraction","Pediatric Patients","Behavioral Distress","2026-05-04",{"date":415,"type":41},{"date":498,"type":22},"2026-05-30",{"date":500,"type":22},"2027-01-30",{"name":502,"class":48},"nibras mohammed kadhim",{"id":504,"slug":505,"hasResults":12,"nctId":506,"briefTitle":507,"officialTitle":508,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":509,"healthyVolunteers":57,"sex":58,"minAge":188,"maxAge":429,"enrollmentInfo":510,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":512,"briefSummary":513,"conditions":514,"keywords":516,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":443,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":519,"startDateStruct":520,"completionDateStruct":521,"leadSponsor":522,"locationsCount":49},"100615378","a-novel-remineralizing-self-etch-primer-for-orthodontic-bracket-bonding-100615378","NCT07291830","A Novel Remineralizing Self-Etch Primer for Orthodontic Bracket Bonding","Clinical Effectiveness of a Remineralizing Self-Etch Primer for Orthodontic Bracket Bonding: A Randomized Clinical Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Full permanent dentition including incisors, canines, premolars, and molars (excepting 3rd molars;\n* Teeth with sound, non-carious buccal enamel and no pretreatment with chemical agents such as hydrogen peroxide,\n* No previous orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Participants unable to give informed consent,\n* Had craniofacial anomalies,\n* Require orthognathic surgery as part of their treatment,\n* Had congenital enamel defects.",{"count":511,"type":22},45,[25],"This randomized clinical trial aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a remineralizing self-etch primer used for orthodontic bracket bonding. The study compares bonding performance, enamel surface effects, and clinical outcomes between the experimental primer and the conventional bonding protocol,verify the potential remineralization effect, and examine the amount of adhesive remnants left on enamel over a period of 6 months.",[515,349],"White Spot Lesions",[517,518],"Orthodontic Bracket Bonding","Self-Etch Primers",{"date":469,"type":41},{"date":265,"type":22},{"date":307,"type":22},{"name":242,"class":48},{"id":524,"slug":525,"hasResults":12,"nctId":526,"briefTitle":527,"officialTitle":528,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":529,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":219,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":530,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":532,"briefSummary":533,"conditions":534,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":443,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":539,"startDateStruct":540,"completionDateStruct":542,"leadSponsor":544,"locationsCount":211},"100617438","comparative-outcomes-of-damon-ultima-vs-pitts-21-pro-bracket-systems-100617438","NCT07318623","Comparative Outcomes of Damon Ultima vs Pitts 21 Pro Bracket Systems","Comparative Evaluation of Treatment Outcomes Between Damon Ultima and Pitts 21 Pro Bracket Systems; A Randomized Clinical Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Presence of full permanent dentition except the third molars.\n2. Class I with moderate crowding requiring fixed appliance therapy and don't need extraction.\n3. Good dental hygiene and periodontal health.\n4. Good general health; no systemic conditions affecting bone metabolism or pain perception.\n5. Normal crown size and shape.\n6. No prior orthodontic treatment.\n7. Patient has a normal level of vitamin D3 in testing (Vit D3 serum level should be \\>30).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Severe skeletal discrepancies requiring orthognathic surgery, craniofacial anomalies). Patients with active periodontal disease or medically compromised patients.",{"count":531,"type":22},40,[25],"Title Comparative Evaluation of Treatment Outcomes between Damon Ultima and Pitts 21 Pro Bracket Systems; A Randomized Clinical Trial Abstract Background: The primary advantages of self-ligation brackets include faster archwire removal and ligation, reduced or eliminated need for chairside assistance, secure archwire engagement, and lower bracket-archwire friction, which collectively contribute to a substantial reduction in resistance to sliding and are theorized to enhance the efficiency of initial tooth alignment. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted to assess differences in treatment outcomes with these two different self-ligation bracket systems.\n\nSubjects\u002FMaterials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial included 40 participants with full permanent dentition (excluding third molars) exhibiting Angle Class I malocclusion with moderate crowding. Patients who were scheduled to undergo orthodontic treatment were allocated into two groups: Damon Ultima and Pitts 21 Pro. The total treatment duration will be measured in months from the bonding day to the completion of treatment, in addition to the number of visits.\n\nPre-treatment, post-alignment, and post-treatment records were obtained, including intraoral scans (IOS) for assessing alignment efficiency and arch parameters. Periapical radiographs of the upper and lower incisors were taken before and after treatment to measure the amount of root resorption. Treatment outcomes were evaluated using the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) grading system. Additionally, pain perception and patient treatment perception were assessed.",[535,536,537,538],"Orthodentic Appliances","Orthodontic Pathological Resorption of External Root","Orthodontic Pain","Orthodontic Brackets",{"date":495,"type":41},{"date":541,"type":22},"2026-05-31",{"date":543,"type":22},"2028-03",{"name":242,"class":48},{"id":546,"slug":547,"hasResults":12,"nctId":548,"briefTitle":549,"officialTitle":550,"acronym":551,"eligibilityCriteria":552,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":553,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":554,"briefSummary":555,"conditions":556,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":558,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":559,"startDateStruct":561,"completionDateStruct":562,"leadSponsor":564,"locationsCount":49},"100634239","effectiveness-of-a-combined-aloe-vera-peppermint-gel-on-prevention-pressure-injuries-among-intensive-care-unit-patients-100634239","NCT07537101","Effectiveness of a Combined Aloe Vera-Peppermint Gel on Prevention Pressure Injuries Among Intensive Care Unit Patients","Effectiveness of a Combined Aloe Vera-Peppermint Gel on Prevention Pressure Injuries Among Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial","APG-PI","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. ICU patients aged 18 years or older.\n2. Admission to the ICU without pressure injury according to the NPUAP scale on the first day of hospitalization.\n3. Unconsciousness, being under sedation or assisted ventilation.\n4. Patients that are at risk of moderate to severe PIs according to Braden scoring tool and scored less than 13-14.\n5. No Diarrhea, serum Albumin level below 3.5 g\u002Fdl, no edema.\n6. No limit of changes in body position with multiple injuries.\n7. Family consent to participate in the study.\n8. The patient has no history of autoimmune diseases, renal failure, or diabetes, does not use immunosuppressive medications, and has no evidence of vascular disease.\n9. All patients receiving standardized care (repositioning and pressure-relieving mattress).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Family's unwillingness for the patient to continue participation\n2. Sensitivity to Aloe Vera-Peppermint Gel after use on a patient's forearm (area of 2 × 2 cm) and this area was evaluated for the presence of redness, swelling and warmth within 45 min.\n3. Spinal cord injury cases\n4. death or patient transmission in less than 48 hrs. after admission to the ICU.",{"count":531,"type":22},[25],"The goal of this clinical trails is to learn if a combined Aloe Vera-Peppermint gel work to prevent pressure injuries (bedsores) in ICU patients.\n\nDoes applying this natural gel reduce the incidence of pressure injuries compared to standard care?\n\nparticipants will be randomly assigned to either receive the gel application (Aloe Vera-Peppermint gel) or the standard hospital nursing care.",[557],"Pressure Injury","2026-04-25",{"date":560,"type":41},"2026-04-30",{"date":235,"type":22},{"date":563,"type":22},"2027-04-20",{"name":565,"class":48},"Ali Abd-Alredha Hussein",{"id":567,"slug":568,"hasResults":12,"nctId":569,"briefTitle":570,"officialTitle":571,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":572,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":187,"maxAge":277,"enrollmentInfo":573,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":574,"briefSummary":575,"conditions":576,"keywords":581,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":586,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":587,"startDateStruct":589,"completionDateStruct":591,"leadSponsor":592,"locationsCount":211},"100635438","effects-of-high-calorie-diets-vs-high-calorie-formulas-on-weight-gain-in-children-with-congenital-heart-disease--100635438","NCT07552688","\"Effects of High-Calorie Diets VS High-Calorie Formulas on Weight Gain in Children With Congenital Heart Disease \"","\"Effects of High-Calorie Diet vs High-Calorie Formula on Weight Gain and Clinical Outcomes Among Children With Congenital Heart Disease\"","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children aged 1 to 5 years.\n* Diagnosed with congenital heart disease (confirmed by echocardiography).\n* Underweight (weight-for-age below the 10th percentile).\n* Medically stable and eligible for oral or enteral feeding.\n* Informed consent obtained from a parent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children with genetic syndromes known to affect growth (e.g., Down syndrome).\n* Children with gastrointestinal conditions impairing nutrient absorption.\n* Children who had cardiac surgery within the last 4 weeks.\n* Presence of severe organ failure (renal, hepatic, etc.).\n* Children on parenteral nutrition.\n* Families unlikely to adhere to follow-up or dietary instructions.",{"count":118,"type":22},[25],"This study is a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the effects of high-calorie diets and specialized nutritional formulas on weight gain and clinical outcomes in underweight children aged 1 to 5 years with congenital heart disease (CHD). Children with CHD often experience growth failure due to increased energy needs and feeding difficulties, which can negatively impact their recovery, development, and overall health.\n\nSeventy-five children will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: a control group receiving a standard diet, a group receiving a high-calorie diet made from energy-dense foods, and a third group receiving both the high-calorie diet and a specialized high-calorie pediatric formula. The study will measure changes in weight, appetite, feeding tolerance, and other growth indicators over an 8-week period. The goal is to determine whether enhanced nutritional support can improve weight gain and health outcomes in this high-risk population.",[577,578,579,464,580],"Weight Gain","Body Mass Index","Pediatric Nutrition","Undernutrition",[582,583,584,585],"BMI","Nutritional Status","Growth and Development","Pediatric Nursing","2026-04-24",{"date":588,"type":41},"2026-04-29",{"date":590,"type":22},"2026-04-17",{"date":174,"type":22},{"name":593,"class":48},"Aryan Najmadin Nasradin",{"id":595,"slug":596,"hasResults":12,"nctId":597,"briefTitle":598,"officialTitle":599,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":600,"healthyVolunteers":57,"sex":58,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":601,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":603,"briefSummary":604,"conditions":605,"keywords":610,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":619,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":620,"startDateStruct":621,"completionDateStruct":623,"leadSponsor":625,"locationsCount":211},"100634604","effect-of-nasogastric-tube-care-training-by-simulation-based-and-video-based-methods-on-nurses-confidence-satisfaction-and-practices-100634604","NCT07541846","Effect of Nasogastric Tube Care Training by Simulation-Based and Video-Based Methods on Nurses' Confidence, Satisfaction, and Practices","Effect of Nasogastric Tube Care Training by Simulation-Based and Video-Based Methods on Nurses' Confidence, Satisfaction, and Practices: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Registered nurses working at the Pediatric Hospital or Kirkuk Teaching\n* Hospital in Kirkuk\n* Male or female nurses\n* Age 18 years or older\n* Nurses involved in direct patient care\n* Nurses willing to participate in the study\n* Nurses able to attend the assigned training and complete the study assessments\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Nurses who do not agree to participate in the study\n* Nurses who are not available during the study period\n* Nurses who are unable to attend the assigned training session\n* Nurses who do not complete the required study assessments\n* Nurses who participated in the pilot study",{"count":602,"type":22},83,[25],"This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the effect of simulation-based and video-based training on nurses' confidence, satisfaction, and clinical practice related to nasogastric tube care, compared with a control group receiving routine training or usual practice. Nasogastric tube care is an essential nursing procedure that requires adequate knowledge, practical skills, and confidence to ensure safe and effective patient care. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: simulation-based training, video-based training, or control. The findings of this study will provide evidence on effective educational methods to improve nurses' performance in nasogastric tube care and support better quality of care.",[606,607,608,609],"Nurse Based Care Management","Nurse Led Interventions","Nurse Training","Nurse Scope, Practice",[611,612,613,614,615,616,617,618],"Nasogastric tube care","Simulation-based training","Video-based training","Nurses","Confidence","Satisfaction","Clinical practice","Randomized controlled trial","2026-04-21",{"date":586,"type":41},{"date":622,"type":22},"2026-05-20",{"date":624,"type":22},"2026-11-20",{"name":626,"class":48},"Heyam Adnan Jabbar",{"id":628,"slug":629,"hasResults":12,"nctId":630,"briefTitle":631,"officialTitle":632,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":633,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":634,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":635,"targetDuration":315,"studyType":91,"phases":4,"briefSummary":637,"conditions":638,"keywords":641,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":619,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":643,"startDateStruct":644,"completionDateStruct":646,"leadSponsor":647,"locationsCount":649},"100480992","bph-global-registry-100480992","NCT05543200","BPH Global Registry","A Global Registry of Treatments and Outcomes for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Primary diagnosis of BPH with LUTS with prescribed medical treatment or surgical intervention\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Non-symptomatic BPH\n* No treatment prescribed for BPH","MALE",{"count":636,"type":22},7500,"Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common performed surgical procedures in urology. Over the past few decades there have been an increasing development of newer surgical treatment options. Additionally, the outcome parameters for BPH treatments have been standardized. While data are available for the initial pivotal studies, post-market release data are lacking. Under the umbrella of uCARE, we have started a prospective, ongoing international registry for recording demographics and outcomes for patients undergoing surgical treatments for BPH.",[639,640],"Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia","Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms",[642],"BPH, Registry, LUTS",{"date":586,"type":41},{"date":645,"type":41},"2023-03-13",{"date":45,"type":22},{"name":648,"class":48},"Société Internationale d'Urologie",26,{"id":651,"slug":652,"hasResults":12,"nctId":653,"briefTitle":654,"officialTitle":655,"acronym":656,"eligibilityCriteria":657,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":58,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":658,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":660,"briefSummary":661,"conditions":662,"keywords":665,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":674,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":675,"startDateStruct":677,"completionDateStruct":679,"leadSponsor":681,"locationsCount":211},"100635016","effect-of-non-surgical-periodontal-therapy-on-salivary-biomarkers-in-smokers-and-non-smokers-with-periodontitis-100635016","NCT07547202","Effect of Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy on Salivary Biomarkers in Smokers and Non-Smokers With Periodontitis","The Significance of Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy on Salivary Dkk-1, Sclerostin, and PLAP-1 Levels in Smoker and Non-Smoker Patients With Periodontitis: A Clinical Comparative Study","NSPT-Biomarker","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Systemically healthy.\n* Diagnosed with Stage II and III periodontitis.\n* Presence of ≥ 20 teeth (excluding third molars).\n* Current smoker OR non-smoker\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Presence of systemic diseases affecting the periodontium.\n* Use of medications affecting inflammation.\n* Received periodontal therapy in the past 6 months.\n* Received antibiotic therapy in the last 3 months.\n* Alcohol use.",{"count":659,"type":22},44,[25],"This study evaluates the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on salivary biomarkers (Dkk-1, Sclerostin, and PLAP-1) and clinical periodontal parameters in patients with periodontitis. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that destroys tooth-supporting tissues. Smoking is a significant risk factor that worsens periodontal destruction and reduces the effectiveness of standard therapies.\n\n* The trial is a non-randomized comparative clinical study.\n* It includes 44 adult patients diagnosed with Stage II and III periodontitis.\n* The participants are divided into two equal groups: 22 current smokers and 22 non-smokers.\n* Participants will undergo a baseline examination, followed by standardized non-surgical periodontal therapy consisting of scaling and root planing.\n* A follow-up visit will be conducted six weeks post-therapy to repeat clinical measurements and saliva collection.\n* The primary objective is to evaluate changes in salivary biomarker levels and clinical parameters (Plaque Index, Gingival Index, bleeding on probing, Probing Pocket Depth, Clinical Attachment Level) after treatment.",[663,664],"Periodontitis","Smoking ( Cigarette)",[663,666,667,668,669,670,671,672,673],"Smoking","Non-surgical periodontal therapy","Scaling and root planing","Salivary biomarkers","Dkk-1","Sclerostin","PLAP-1","SOST","2026-04-20",{"date":676,"type":41},"2026-04-23",{"date":678,"type":41},"2026-01-01",{"date":680,"type":22},"2026-10-01",{"name":682,"class":48},"Al-Mustansiriyah University",{"id":684,"slug":685,"hasResults":12,"nctId":686,"briefTitle":687,"officialTitle":688,"acronym":689,"eligibilityCriteria":690,"healthyVolunteers":57,"sex":58,"minAge":220,"maxAge":296,"enrollmentInfo":691,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":692,"briefSummary":693,"conditions":694,"keywords":696,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":700,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":701,"startDateStruct":702,"completionDateStruct":703,"leadSponsor":705,"locationsCount":49},"100635327","knee-osteoarthritis-rehab-high-intensity-laser-vs-classical-modalities-100635327","NCT07551245","Knee Osteoarthritis Rehab: High-Intensity Laser vs Classical Modalities","Rehabilitation of Knee Osteoarthritis by High Intensity Laser Therapy vs Classical Modalities","HILT-CM (KOA)","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of Knee Osteoarthritis: Patients must have a clinical and radiographic diagnosis of knee OA according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria, including evidence of joint space narrowing, osteophyte formation, and other degenerative changes observed on X-rays or MRI.\n\nAge: Adults aged between 40 and 75 years. Willingness to Participate: Participants must provide informed consent and be willing to adhere to the study protocol, including attending all treatment sessions and follow-up assessments.\n\nKellgren-Lawrence Grade: Patients with knee OA grades 1-3 (mild to moderate OA).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Contraindications to Laser Therapy:\n\nActive malignancy History of epilepsy Photosensitivity disorders Active infection in the treatment area\n\nSurgical History:\n\nPatients who have undergone knee surgery within the past 6 months Scheduled surgery during the study period\n\nAdvanced Disease:\n\nKellgren-Lawrence Grade 4 (severe OA) where surgical intervention is indicated\n\nPregnancy or Lactation:\n\nPregnant or lactating women\n\nSevere Comorbidities:\n\nUncontrolled diabetes Severe cardiovascular disease Neurological disorders that might interfere with participation or affect treatment outcomes",{"count":5,"type":22},[25],"This study aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of High-Intensity Laser Therapy (HILT) with conventional physical therapy treatments in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Knee osteoarthritis is a common condition, especially in older adults, causing pain, stiffness, reduced movement, and difficulty performing daily activities. Current treatments focus on reducing pain and improving joint function.\n\nIn this study, 100 patients with knee osteoarthritis will be divided into two groups. One group will receive HILT combined with therapeutic exercises, while the other group will receive conventional physical therapy modalities along with the same exercises. The treatment outcomes will be evaluated over time.\n\nThe main outcomes include pain reduction (measured by pain scales such as WOMAC and VAS), improvement in joint function, and structural changes in the knee assessed by MRI. In addition, laboratory tests will be used to measure inflammation, cartilage health markers, and oxidative stress before and after treatment.\n\nThe goal is to determine whether HILT provides better pain relief, improves joint function, and is safe compared to standard therapy. The results may help improve rehabilitation strategies for patients with knee osteoarthritis.",[695],"Knee Arthritis Osteoarthritis",[697,698,699],"LASER","knee OA","classical modalities","2026-04-19",{"date":586,"type":41},{"date":674,"type":41},{"date":704,"type":22},"2027-01-20",{"name":706,"class":48},"Erbil Polytechnic University",""]