[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"caffeine\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:caffeine":31},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,12,0,[8,56,97,123,156,183,205,233,262,284,307,335],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":15,"eligibilityCriteria":16,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":20,"enrollmentInfo":21,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":24,"briefSummary":26,"conditions":27,"keywords":32,"overallStatus":43,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":44,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":45,"startDateStruct":48,"completionDateStruct":50,"leadSponsor":52,"locationsCount":55},"100642883","effects-of-caffeine-on-chess-performance-and-cognitive-function-in-professional-chess-players-100642883",false,"NCT07641335","Effects of Caffeine on Chess Performance and Cognitive Function in Professional Chess Players","GRANDMASTER: Gauging the Role of Alertness and Neurostimulation With Dietary Caffeine in Master-Level Chess; A Double-Blind Randomized Crossover Trial","GRANDMASTER","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Male and female professional chess players aged 18-50 years\n* Current Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) standard rating between 2300 and 2600 Elo, or achievement of a standard FIDE rating within this range during the previous 12 months\n* Habitual caffeine consumers consuming ≤2 cups of coffee per day\n* Willingness to comply with all study procedures and study visits\n* Ability to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Non-caffeine users\n* Habitual caffeine intake exceeding 2 cups of coffee per day\n* Cardiovascular disorders\n* Metabolic disorders\n* Psychiatric disorders\n* Pregnancy or breastfeeding\n* Current smoking\n* Shift workers\n* Use of psychoactive medications\n* Participation in another clinical trial within the previous 3 months\n* Known allergy or intolerance to milk proteins, dairy products, or soy\n* Known red-green color blindness or other color vision deficiencies that may interfere with Stroop Test performance",true,"ALL","18 Years","50 Years",{"count":5,"type":22},"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[25],"NA","This study will examine whether caffeine improves cognitive and competitive performance in professional chess players during tournament-style games. In a randomized double-blind crossover design, participants will complete two experimental sessions in which they consume either caffeinated coffee or decaffeinated coffee before playing a standardized chess match. Cognitive performance will be assessed using attention and reaction-time tests, including the Stroop Test, Trail Making Test, and Puzzle Rush task. Chess performance outcomes such as move accuracy, time management, and error rates will also be evaluated. The study aims to determine whether moderate caffeine intake enhances focus, alertness, and decision-making during prolonged competitive chess play.",[28,29,30,31],"Cognitive Performance","Attention","Reaction Time","Caffeine",[31,33,28,29,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42],"Chess Performance","Mental Fatigue","Professional Chess Players","Decision Making","Neurocognitive Performance","Randomized Crossover Trial","Coffee","Alertness","Executive Function","Cognitive Fatigue","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-08",{"date":46,"type":47},"2026-06-11","ACTUAL",{"date":49,"type":22},"2026-06-15",{"date":51,"type":22},"2027-08",{"name":53,"class":54},"St. Louis University","OTHER",1,{"id":57,"slug":58,"hasResults":11,"nctId":59,"briefTitle":60,"officialTitle":61,"acronym":62,"eligibilityCriteria":63,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":64,"maxAge":20,"enrollmentInfo":65,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":67,"briefSummary":68,"conditions":69,"keywords":76,"overallStatus":87,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":88,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":89,"startDateStruct":91,"completionDateStruct":93,"leadSponsor":95,"locationsCount":55},"100639366","investigating-the-effect-of-caffeine-and-alcohol-on-pupil-dynamics-100639366","NCT07625358","Investigating the Effect of Caffeine and Alcohol on Pupil Dynamics","Investigating the Effect of Caffeine and Alcohol on Pupil Dynamics (PAC)","PAC","Participants must meet the inclusion criteria, as shown below, to participate in this study\n\nInclusion Criteria\n\n1. Age: 30 to 50 years of age\n2. Visual Acuity: Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) of 0.20 LogMAR or better in both eyes\n3. Ability to provide informed consent: Participants must be able to understand and sign the informed consent form\n4. Ability to consume both caffeine and alcohol: Participants must be willing and able to consume caffeine and alcohol as part of the study\n\nParticipants meeting any of the exclusion criteria, as shown in the table below, will be excluded from participation.\n\nExclusion Criteria\n\n1. Diagnosed ocular conditions: Participants with ocular or ocular movement diseases such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, amblyopia, severe ptosis, or conditions relating to pupils: anisocoria, irregular pupil, Adie tonic, Horner's syndrome, Argyll Robertson pupil, etc. These exclude cataracts, refractive errors, and any ocular condition not affecting vision or ocular movement or obstructing the pupil.\n2. Diagnosed and unresolved neurological conditions:Stroke, unresolved traumatic brain injury, space-occupying lesions in the brain, neuropathies, demyelinating conditions, nerve palsies, etc.\n3. Diagnosed systemic conditions that may restrict the participant from drinking caffeine or alcohol: Hypertension, cardiovascular disease, liver disease, kidney disease, etc.\n4. Medications: Participants taking any medications that may interact with caffeine or alcohol, affect alertness, or cause drowsiness\n5. Previous complex intraocular eye surgery: Participants who have undergone any eye surgery other than uncomplicated refractive surgery.\n6. Pregnancy or breastfeeding: Pregnant or breastfeeding women will be excluded from the study, as caffeine and alcohol can affect the fetus or baby\n7. History of substance abuse: Participants with a history of substance abuse\n8. Allergies or sensitivities: Participants with allergies or sensitivities to caffeine or alcohol\n9. Shift work or having travelled across 2 time zones over the past 2 weeks: This is essential to avoid any impact of sleep deprivation on our outcome measures\n10. Non-consumers or light-consumers of caffeine and alcohol Participants who are light consumers of caffeine or alcohol will be excluded due to higher sensitivity to side effects.\n\nCaffeine: If less than 100 mg of caffeine per week from all sources (including coffee, soft drinks, energy drinks, chocolate, and medications) based on the CCQ\\* Alcohol: If AUDIT-C\\*\\* score less than 1\n\n11- Extremely frequent consumers Participants who are extremely frequent consumers of caffeine or alcohol will be excluded due to potential withdrawal symptoms during the required 18-hour abstinence and possible reduced sensitivity to administered doses.\n\nCaffeine: If more than 400mg of caffeine (e.g., 5 espressos) per day from all sources (including coffee, soft drinks, energy drinks, chocolate, and medications) based on the CCQ\\* Alcohol: If AUDIT-C\\*\\* scores more than 4 for men and more than 3 for women\n\nNote: Participants will complete a history update questionnaire at each laboratory visit to report any changes relevant to the exclusion criteria. If a participant no longer meets the eligibility criteria at any visit after the baseline assessment, the visit will either be rescheduled, if appropriate, or the participant will be withdrawn from the study. Reimbursement will be provided on a prorated basis.\n\n\\*CCQ: Caffeine Consumption Questionnaire\n\n\\*\\*AUDIT-C: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-C","30 Years",{"count":66,"type":22},100,[25],"The goal of this study is to understand how caffeine and alcohol affect the ocular and physiological systems, especially how the pupil (the aperture in the colored part of the eye) responds to light. It will also test whether these changes can be used to detect recent caffeine or alcohol intake using a portable eye device.\n\nThe main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n1. How does caffeine change pupil responses, eye movements, and other ocular and physiological measurements?\n2. How does alcohol change these same ocular and physiological responses?\n3. Are the effects of caffeine and alcohol different from each other?\n4. Can these changes be used to accurately identify whether someone has consumed caffeine or alcohol?\n\nResearchers will compare caffeine, alcohol, and a placebo (a look-alike drink with no active substance) to see how each affects the ocular and physiological outcomes.\n\nParticipants will:\n\n1. Attend three separate sessions where they will consume caffeine, alcohol, or a placebo (in random order)\n2. Undergo pupillary response evaluation using a handheld device that measures responses to different colored light stimuli\n3. Have their eye movements analyzed\n4. Have retinal and choroidal thickness, blood perfusion, and ocular oxygen levels measured\n5. Have basic body measurements recorded (such as pulse rate and blood pressure)\n6. Complete tests at multiple time points over 2 hours after consumption\n\nThe results of this study may help develop a quick and non-invasive way to detect recent caffeine or alcohol use for clinical and safety purposes.",[31,70,71,72,73,74,75],"Alcohol","Pupillary Response","Eye Movements","Optical Coherence Tomography","Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography","Physiological Responses",[31,70,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86],"Pupillary light reflex","Pupillometry","Chromatic pupillometry","Eye movements","Oculomotor function","Optical coherence tomography","Optical coherence tomography angiography","Physiological responses","Machine learning","Non-invasive monitoring","RECRUITING","2026-05-28",{"date":90,"type":47},"2026-06-04",{"date":92,"type":22},"2026-06-01",{"date":94,"type":22},"2027-11-05",{"name":96,"class":54},"National University of Singapore",{"id":98,"slug":99,"hasResults":11,"nctId":100,"briefTitle":101,"officialTitle":102,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":103,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":18,"minAge":104,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":105,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":107,"briefSummary":108,"conditions":109,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":87,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":115,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":116,"startDateStruct":118,"completionDateStruct":119,"leadSponsor":121,"locationsCount":55},"100634198","sublingual-caffeine-on-reducing-recovery-time-and-postoperative-agitation-in-elderly-patients-undergoing-general-anesthesia-100634198","NCT07536568","Sublingual Caffeine on Reducing Recovery Time and Postoperative Agitation in Elderly Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia","Efficacy of Sublingual Caffeine on Reducing Recovery Time and Postoperative Agitation in Elderly Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 65 years.\n* Both sexes.\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status II.\n* Scheduled for elective ophthalmology surgery under general anesthesia.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of severe cardiac arrhythmias or uncontrolled hypertension.\n* ASA III patients were excluded to reduce the risk of adverse events in elderly patients with severe systemic diseases.\n* Known allergy or hypersensitivity to caffeine.\n* Pre-existing cognitive impairment or dementia (All patients will undergo preoperative cognitive screening using the online Mini-Cog test or Montreal Cognitive Assessment \\[MoCA\\]).\n* History of seizures or epilepsy.\n* History of alcohol or drug abuse.\n* Chronic use of CNS stimulants or sedatives.\n* Emergency surgeries.\n* Prolonged procedures for more than 3 hours.","65 Years",{"count":106,"type":22},50,[25],"This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of sublingual caffeine in reducing recovery time and incidence of postoperative agitation in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia.",[110,31,111,112,113,114],"Sublingual","Recovery Time","Postoperative Agitation","Elderly Patients","General Anesthesia","2026-04-18",{"date":117,"type":47},"2026-04-21",{"date":115,"type":47},{"date":120,"type":22},"2026-08-30",{"name":122,"class":54},"Cairo University",{"id":124,"slug":125,"hasResults":11,"nctId":126,"briefTitle":127,"officialTitle":128,"acronym":129,"eligibilityCriteria":130,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":18,"minAge":131,"maxAge":132,"enrollmentInfo":133,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":135,"briefSummary":137,"conditions":138,"keywords":141,"overallStatus":43,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":147,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":148,"startDateStruct":150,"completionDateStruct":152,"leadSponsor":154,"locationsCount":55},"100628056","phase-2-caffeine-for-infants-born-at-28-to-34-weeks-receiving-respiratory-support-100628056","NCT07456670","Caffeine for Infants Born at 28 to 34 Weeks Receiving Respiratory Support","Caffeine Therapy in Preterm Infants Born at 28-34 Weeks: A Pilot Placebo-Controlled Randomized Controlled Trial","CARES-Pilot","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Infant born at a gestational age between 28+0 and 34+6 weeks.\n* Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) within the first 72 hours of life.\n* Requiring either invasive respiratory support (mechanical ventilation) or non-invasive respiratory support (e.g., CPAP, High Flow Nasal Cannula) within the first 72 hours of life.\n* Informed consent obtained from parent(s) or legal guardian(s).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Presence of dysmorphic features or major congenital malformations that adversely affect life expectancy.\n* Known or strongly suspected cyanotic heart disease.\n* Infants born at \\\u003C28 weeks' gestational age (due to high risk of apnea requiring routine caffeine).\n* Late preterm infants born at ≥35+0 weeks' gestational age (due to short NICU stay not allowing for a safe caffeine-free period before discharge).","0 Days","28 Days",{"count":134,"type":22},62,[136],"PHASE2","The goal of this pilot clinical trial is to test if it is possible to conduct a larger study on the use of caffeine in preterm infants who need help with their breathing. It will also look at whether caffeine helps these infants get healthy enough to leave the hospital sooner.\n\nThe main questions the researchers aim to answer are:\n\nCan the investigators successfully recruit and keep enough participants in the study? Do the medical teams follow the study drug instructions correctly? Does caffeine reduce the total time infants spend in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)? Researchers will compare caffeine to a placebo (a look-alike substance with no active medicine) to see if caffeine is a helpful treatment for babies born between 28 and 34 weeks of gestation who are using a breathing machine or oxygen.\n\nParticipants will:\n\nBe randomly assigned to receive either caffeine or a placebo through an IV or a feeding tube.\n\nReceive the study treatment once a day as long as they require respiratory support (and for 24 hours after they stop).\n\nBe monitored by the research team for clinical outcomes like feeding progress, breathing stability, and growth until they are discharged from the hospital.",[139,31,140],"Preterm Birth","Neonatal Outcomes",[31,142,143,144,145,146],"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit","Prematurity","RCT","NICU","Pilot Study","2026-03-06",{"date":149,"type":47},"2026-03-10",{"date":151,"type":22},"2026-04-01",{"date":153,"type":22},"2028-03-31",{"name":155,"class":54},"Queen's University",{"id":157,"slug":158,"hasResults":11,"nctId":159,"briefTitle":160,"officialTitle":161,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":162,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":163,"enrollmentInfo":164,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":166,"briefSummary":167,"conditions":168,"keywords":171,"overallStatus":87,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":173,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":174,"startDateStruct":176,"completionDateStruct":178,"leadSponsor":180,"locationsCount":55},"100624024","effects-of-variations-in-caffeinated-beverages-on-well-being-100624024","NCT07404254","Effects of Variations in Caffeinated Beverages on Well-being","A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Trial to Assess Subjective and Physiological Responses to Consumption of Caffeinated Beverages in Healthy Adults With a Caffeine Routine","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Males or females, ≥18 to ≤55 years of age\n2. BMI ≥18.5 and \\\u003C35.0 kg\u002Fm2\n3. Generally good health\n4. Participant currently and consistently has a sweetened caffeine routine\n5. Participant is willing to substitute their current caffeine routine for the test beverage daily\n6. Participant has never consumed the test beverage or similar products\n7. Participant currently owns a wearable and is willing to use and connect the wearable device\n8. Willing to use personal smart phone, tablet, or personal computer with stable internet connection\n9. Willing and able to comply with all study procedures\n10. Willing to adhere to all study procedures, including lifestyle considerations and sign forms providing informed consent to participate in the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. History or presence, on the basis of the health history, of clinically important condition or disease states\n2. Is currently following, or planning to be on, a weight loss regimen\n3. Weight loss or gain \\>4.5 kg\n4. History of gastrointestinal surgery for weight reducing purposes or gastrointestinal (GI) conditions\n5. History of an eating disorder (e.g., anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, binge eating) at the discretion of the Clinical Investigator.\n6. History of unconventional sleep patterns (e.g., night shift) or diagnosed sleep disorder\n7. Use of tobacco\u002Fnicotine products\n8. Use of hemp\u002Fmarijuana products\n9. Unstable use of any prescription medication\n10. Use of any medications(s) or dietary supplement(s), containing caffeine, or interacting with caffeine\n11. Recent history of alcohol or substance abuse\n12. Exposed to any non-registered drug product\n13. Self-report of hypertension\u002Fhigh blood pressure without use of hypertensive medications\n14. Any known allergy or intolerance to any ingredients contained in the study product\n15. Any signs or symptoms of active infection of clinical relevance\n16. History or presence of cancer, except for non-melanoma skin cancer\n17. History of any major trauma or major surgical event\n18. Female who is pregnant, planning to be pregnant during the study period, lactating\n19. An employee, close relative of an employee, or participant who has a financial interest in Sponsor company or any other caffeine beverage company.\n20. Any condition the Investigator believes would interfere with the participant's ability to provide informed consent or comply with the study protocol\n21. A clinically significant medical condition that is affected by caffeine","55 Years",{"count":165,"type":22},75,[25],"This study will evaluate post-beverage subjective caffeine responses and physiological responses to caffeinated beverage variations in generally healthy adults.",[169,31,170],"Healthy","Beverage Intake",[172],"caffeine beverages in health and well-being","2026-02-09",{"date":175,"type":47},"2026-02-11",{"date":177,"type":47},"2026-01-05",{"date":179,"type":22},"2026-03-31",{"name":181,"class":182},"GUAYAKI SUSTAINABLE RAINFOREST PRODUCTS, INC.","INDUSTRY",{"id":184,"slug":185,"hasResults":11,"nctId":186,"briefTitle":187,"officialTitle":188,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":189,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":163,"enrollmentInfo":190,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":192,"briefSummary":193,"conditions":194,"keywords":195,"overallStatus":87,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":197,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":198,"startDateStruct":200,"completionDateStruct":202,"leadSponsor":204,"locationsCount":55},"100620453","effects-of-caffeinated-beverages-on-well-being-100620453","NCT07357818","Effects of Caffeinated Beverages on Well-being","A Randomized, Decentralized, Crossover, Open-Label Trial to Assess Subjective and Physiological Responses to Consumption of Caffeinated Beverages in Healthy Adults With a Caffeine Routine","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Males or females, ≥18 to ≤55 years of age\n2. BMI ≥18.5 and \\\u003C29.9 kg\u002Fm2\n3. Generally good health\n4. Participant currently and consistently has a caffeine routine\n5. Participant is willing to substitute their current caffeine routine for the test beverage daily\n6. Participant has never consumed the test beverage or similar products\n7. Participant currently owns a wearable and is willing to use and connect the wearable device\n8. Willing to use personal smart phone, tablet, or personal computer with stable internet connection\n9. Willing and able to comply with all study procedures\n10. Willing to adhere to all study procedures, including lifestyle considerations and sign forms providing informed consent to participate in the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. History or presence, on the basis of the health history, of clinically important condition or disease states\n2. Is currently following, or planning to be on, a weight loss regimen\n3. Weight loss or gain \\>4.5 kg\n4. History of gastrointestinal surgery for weight reducing purposes or gastrointestinal (GI) conditions\n5. History of an eating disorder (e.g., anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, binge eating) at the discretion of the Clinical Investigator.\n6. History of unconventional sleep patterns (e.g., night shift) or diagnosed sleep disorder\n7. Use of tobacco\u002Fnicotine products\n8. Use of hemp\u002Fmarijuana products\n9. Unstable use of any prescription medication\n10. Use of any medications(s) or dietary supplement(s), containing caffeine, or interacting with caffeine\n11. Recent history of alcohol or substance abuse\n12. Exposed to any non-registered drug product\n13. Self-report of hypertension\u002Fhigh blood pressure without use of hypertensive medications\n14. Any known allergy or intolerance to any ingredients contained in the study product\n15. Any signs or symptoms of active infection of clinical relevance\n16. History or presence of cancer, except for non-melanoma skin cancer\n17. History of any major trauma or major surgical event\n18. Female who is pregnant, planning to be pregnant during the study period, lactating\n19. An employee, close relative of an employee, or participant who has a financial interest in Sponsor company or any other caffeine beverage company.\n20. Any condition the Investigator believes would interfere with the participant's ability to provide informed consent or comply with the study protocol\n21. A clinically significant medical condition that is affected by caffeine",{"count":191,"type":22},150,[25],"This study will evaluate post-beverage subjective caffeine responses and physiological responses to caffeinated beverages in generally healthy adults.",[169,31,170],[196],"Caffeine beverages in health and well-being","2026-01-13",{"date":199,"type":47},"2026-01-22",{"date":201,"type":47},"2025-11-03",{"date":203,"type":22},"2026-04",{"name":181,"class":182},{"id":206,"slug":207,"hasResults":11,"nctId":208,"briefTitle":209,"officialTitle":210,"acronym":211,"eligibilityCriteria":212,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":213,"enrollmentInfo":214,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":216,"briefSummary":217,"conditions":218,"keywords":220,"overallStatus":87,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":223,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":224,"startDateStruct":226,"completionDateStruct":228,"leadSponsor":230,"locationsCount":232},"100484506","caffeine-optimization-versus-standard-caffeine-dosage-2b-2-100484506","NCT05588934","Caffeine Optimization Versus Standard Caffeine Dosage (2B-2)","A Head-to-Head Comparison of the 2B-Alert Caffeine Optimization Algorithm Versus Standard Caffeine Dosing on Performance During Sleep Deprivation (2B-2)","2B-2","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18-39 years of age\n* Must demonstrate adequate comprehension of the protocol by achieving a score of at least 80% correct on a short multiple-choice quiz\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Self-reported habitual nightly sleep amounts outside the target range of approximately 6-9 hours (i.e., less than 6 hours per night or more than 9 hours per night, on average)\n* Self-reported nighttime bedtimes earlier than approximately 2100 hours on average during weeknights (Sunday through Thursday)\n* Self-reported morning wake-up times later than approximately 0900 on average during weekdays (Monday through Friday)\n* Self-reported habitual napping (\\> 3 times per week)\n* Self-reported symptoms suggestive of a sleep disorder (to include but not limited to sleep disordered breathing\u002Fsleep apnea, narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia, restless leg syndrome, parasomnias, rapid eye movement (REM) behavior disorder, etc.)\n* History of a sleep disorder (to include all of the above)\n* Any use of prescription or over-the-counter sleep aids during the 6-month period prior to screening indicative of a potential sleep disorder as determined by the examining study physician\n* History of neurologic disorder (e.g., seizure disorder, amnesia for any reason, hydrocephalus, multiple sclerosis)\n* Self-reported caffeine use \\> 400 mg per day on average\n* Score of 14 or above on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)\n* Score of 41 or above on the Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T)\n* Score below 31 or above 69 on the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire\n* Self-reported regular nicotine use (\\> 1 cigarette or equivalent per week) within the last 1 year) or positive nicotine\u002Fcotinine result during screening visit\n* Self-reported heavy alcohol use (≥14 drinks per week or as determined by the examining study physician) or positive saliva alcohol result during screening visit\n* History of cardiovascular disease (to include but not limited to arrhythmias, valvular heart disease, congestive heart failure, history of sudden cardiac death or myocardial infarction)\n* Underlying acute or chronic pulmonary disease requiring daily inhaler use\n* Kidney disease or kidney abnormalities\n* Liver disease or liver abnormalities\n* Self-reported history of psychiatric disorder requiring hospitalization or use of psychiatric medication for any length of time\n* Self-reported use of products or drugs that cannot be safely discontinued during in-laboratory phases (determined on a case-by-case basis by the examining study physician)\n* Self-reported current use of other illicit drugs (to include but not limited to benzodiazepines, amphetamines, cocaine, marijuana) or positive urine drug screen\n* (Females only) positive urine pregnancy result\n* (Females only) self-reported or suspected current breast-feeding or collecting breast milk\n* Resting blood pressure above 140\u002F90 or resting pulse \\> 110 beats per minute (if a physician performs a repeat measurement, \\~20 minutes after original measure, and it is within range, volunteer will not be excluded)\n* BMI ≥ 30 (Obese Class I or greater)\n* Clinically significant values (as determined by the reviewing study physician) for any hematology or chemistry parameter\n* Inability to read and sign consent\n* (Military only) failure to obtain required approved official leave to participate\n* Failure to cooperate with requirements of the study, e.g. failure to complete 80% of Smart-Psychomotor Vigilance Tests (PVTs) during Phase 1 (Days 2-13)","39 Years",{"count":215,"type":22},180,[25],"This clinical trial will be a comparison between personalized recommended caffeine dosing regimen versus the standard recommended caffeine dosing regimen for sustaining performance during sleep deprivation and minimizing side effects and subsequent sleep disruption. The questions this study aims to answer are: Whether the personalized caffeine recommendations improve vigilance, sleepiness, and cognition after total sleep deprivation, compared to standard recommendations; Whether the personalized caffeine recommendation better addresses the physical and emotional side effects of total sleep deprivation, compared to standard recommendations; And whether personalized caffeine recommendations aids in better recovery sleep after total sleep deprivation, compared to standard recommendations.\n\nParticipants will be asked to:\n\n1. Complete a 13-day at-home portion, wearing an actigraph watch to measure activity and sleep, and complete motor vigilance tests up to six times a day.\n2. Complete a 4-day in-lab portion, where participants will have to complete one night of baseline sleep, undergo 62-hours of total sleep deprivation, and then complete one night of recovery sleep.\n3. During the in-lab portion of the study, participants will be asked to complete more motor vigilance tests.\n\nResearchers will be comparing the personalized caffeine recommendation group against the standard caffeine recommendation to see if it is better at addressing each of the main questions.",[219,31],"Sleep Deprivation",[221,222],"SLEEP","CAFFEINE","2025-10-31",{"date":225,"type":47},"2025-11-04",{"date":227,"type":47},"2023-06-09",{"date":229,"type":22},"2026-03",{"name":231,"class":54},"University of Arizona",2,{"id":234,"slug":235,"hasResults":11,"nctId":236,"briefTitle":237,"officialTitle":238,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":239,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":240,"minAge":19,"maxAge":241,"enrollmentInfo":242,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":244,"briefSummary":245,"conditions":246,"keywords":248,"overallStatus":43,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":253,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":254,"startDateStruct":256,"completionDateStruct":258,"leadSponsor":260,"locationsCount":4},"100602875","the-effects-of-caffeine-on-exercise-physiology-and-time-trial-performance-in-a-hot-environment-100602875","NCT07129200","The Effects of Caffeine on Exercise Physiology and Time-trial Performance in a Hot Environment","The Effects of Caffeine Supplementation on Exercise Physiology and Time-trial Performance in a Hot Environment","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Healthy trained runners\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n\\-","MALE","45 Years",{"count":243,"type":22},15,[25],"Maintaining a stable core temperature is vital for physiological function; yet, exercise in heat can be problematic, and there is risk of exertional heat-related illness (Flouris \\& Schlader, 2015; Leyk et al., 2019; Périard et al., 2021; Tyler et al., 2016; Veltmeijer et al., 2015). While aerobic fitness improves heat tolerance (Alhadad et al., 2019), strategies like acclimation and pre-cooling also mitigate heat stress (Casadio et al., 2016; Lorenzo et al., 2010; Ross et al., 2013; Siegel et al., 2010). Caffeine, an ergogenic aid (Del Corso et al., 2011; John et al., 2024), is known to enhance performance via adenosine antagonism and increased catecholamines in normothermic environments (Fredholm et al., 1999; Graham \\& Spriet, 1991). However, effects in heat are inconsistent (Ganio et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2014), possibly due to caffeine reducing the ability to thermoregulate effectively. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a moderate dose of caffeine (5 mg\u002Fkg) on thermoregulation during a 30-minute running time trial in 35°C heat.",[31,247],"Thermoregulation",[249,250,251,252],"caffeine","thermoregulation","time trial","exercise physiology","2025-08-12",{"date":255,"type":47},"2025-08-19",{"date":257,"type":22},"2025-08-22",{"date":259,"type":22},"2026-06-30",{"name":261,"class":54},"St. Mary's University, Twickenham",{"id":263,"slug":264,"hasResults":11,"nctId":265,"briefTitle":266,"officialTitle":266,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":267,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":240,"minAge":19,"maxAge":268,"enrollmentInfo":269,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":270,"briefSummary":271,"conditions":272,"keywords":273,"overallStatus":43,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":276,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":277,"startDateStruct":279,"completionDateStruct":281,"leadSponsor":283,"locationsCount":4},"100587963","the-repeatability-of-the-effect-of-caffeine-supplementation-on-submaximal-physiological-responses-and-cycling-time-trial-performance-100587963","NCT06935214","The Repeatability of the Effect of Caffeine Supplementation on Submaximal Physiological Responses and Cycling Time Trial Performance","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* To be considered for inclusion in the study, participants must be regular cyclists, between 18 and 35 years of age, capable of completing a 20 km cycling time trial at a minimum speed of 30 km\u002Fh (arbitrary inclusion criteria to ensure a sufficient standard of athlete).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n\\-","35 Years",{"count":5,"type":22},[25],"Recently, Grgic (2018) discussed the concept of responders and non-responders to caffeine supplementation highlighting the importance of the repeatability of results. However, the number of studies that have investigated this idea by repeating the same time-trial performance test multiple times with the same caffeine dose is sparse (Astorino et al., 2012; Del Coso et al., 2019). Furthermore, studies have shown that differences in the CYP1A2 genotype may account for some of the variation in time-trial performance (Guest et al., 2018). Thus, the current study aims to identify whether the effects of moderate caffeine supplementation (5 mg\u002Fkg) on time-trial performance are repeatable to aid the identification of responders and non-responders. Additionally, the study aims to determine if the CYP1A2 genotype may explain any of the variability in time-trial performance in trained male cyclists.",[31],[249,274,275,251],"genetics","cycling","2025-04-11",{"date":278,"type":47},"2025-04-20",{"date":280,"type":22},"2025-05-01",{"date":282,"type":22},"2025-12-31",{"name":261,"class":54},{"id":285,"slug":286,"hasResults":11,"nctId":287,"briefTitle":288,"officialTitle":289,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":290,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":18,"minAge":4,"maxAge":291,"enrollmentInfo":292,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":293,"briefSummary":295,"conditions":296,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":87,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":299,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":300,"startDateStruct":302,"completionDateStruct":304,"leadSponsor":305,"locationsCount":55},"100474164","phase-4-the-caffeine-therapy-in-the-fetal-to-neonatal-transition-100474164","NCT05454332","The Caffeine Therapy in the Fetal to Neonatal Transition","The Caffeine Therapy in the Fetal to Neonatal Transition in Preterms","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Premature newborns with birth weight less than 1250 grams\n* Who are not intubated in the delivery room\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Premature newborns from other hospitals\n* Presence of a major congenital malformation or genetic syndrome","2 Hours",{"count":106,"type":22},[294],"PHASE4","Introduction: The caffeine is used in the treatment for apnea of prematurity and it has several positive effects in the neurodevelopment of preterm babies. There are innumerable observational studies suggesting that initiating caffeine in the first hours of life may offer more benefits in the reduction of the necessity of intubation and in ventilation time. It is necessary to expand further research on the best time to start caffeine, which may improve the quality of care for premature infants.\n\nObjective: To evaluate the benefits of caffeine administration in the first two hours of life compared to administration at 24 hours of life in premature patients on noninvasive mechanical ventilation with birth weights less than 1250 grams.\n\nMethodology: Preterm newborn patients with birth weight \\\u003C 1250 grams born at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre who are not intubated in the delivery room will be included. Patients will be randomized into two groups. One arm of the study will receive caffeine at 2 hours of age and the other arm will receive caffeine at 24 hours of age (control). Patients in the control group will receive 0.9% SF at 2 hours of life in order to keep the study blinded. The following outcomes will be evaluated: need for intubation, time on invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation, BPD, necrotizing enterocolitis, need for ROP treatment, PDA with hemodynamic repercussions, peri-intraventricular hemorrhage, leukomalacia and death. The sample size calculation is 50 patients, 25 in each arm.\n\nExpected Results: It is expected to find a 43% reduction in the need for intubation in preterm infants who receive caffeine in the first two hours of life compared to administration at 24 hours of life. It is also expected to find a reduction in mechanical ventilation time, in addition to a possible reduction in negative outcomes associated with prematurity.",[297,31,298],"Mechanical Ventilation Complication","Ventilator Lung; Newborn","2025-03-27",{"date":301,"type":47},"2025-04-02",{"date":303,"type":47},"2022-04-27",{"date":120,"type":22},{"name":306,"class":54},"Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre",{"id":308,"slug":309,"hasResults":11,"nctId":310,"briefTitle":311,"officialTitle":312,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":313,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":314,"enrollmentInfo":315,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":317,"briefSummary":318,"conditions":319,"keywords":324,"overallStatus":43,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":326,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":327,"startDateStruct":329,"completionDateStruct":331,"leadSponsor":333,"locationsCount":55},"100576091","investigating-the-acute-and-chronic-effects-of-a-supplement-containing-caffeine-vitamins-minerals-and-botanical-extracts-on-cognition-sleep-and-wellbeing-in-healthy-volunteers-100576091","NCT06780774","Investigating the Acute and Chronic Effects of a Supplement Containing Caffeine, Vitamins, Minerals and Botanical Extracts on Cognition, Sleep and Wellbeing, in Healthy Volunteers","Investigating the Acute and Chronic Effects of a Supplement Containing Caffeine, Vitamins, Minerals and Botanical Extracts on Cognition, Sleep and Wellbeing, in Healthy Volunteers.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* You self-assess yourself as being in good health.\n* You are aged 18-75 years at the time of giving consent.\n* English is your first language or are fluent in English.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Insufficient (\\\u003C 40 mg per day) or excessive (\\> 500 mg per day) habitual caffeine consumption (\\* NOTE: This will be calculated at screening but feel free to query this with the researcher prior to attendance.).\n* Have any pre-existing medical conditions\u002Fillnesses which will impact taking part in the study. (\\* NOTE: The explicit exceptions to this are controlled hyper\u002Fhypothyroidism, hay fever, high cholesterol and reflux-related conditions. NOTE: There may be other, unforeseen, exceptions and these will be considered on a case-by-case basis, i.e. participants may be allowed to progress to screening if they have a condition\u002Fillness which would not interact with the active treatments or impede performance so it's worth discussing any medical conditions with the researcher prior to booking lab appointments).\n* Are currently taking prescription medications which will impact taking part in the study (\\* NOTE: the explicit exceptions to this are contraceptive treatments for female participants, thyroid medications, topical skin treatments and those medications used in the treatment of high cholesterol and reflux-related conditions; and those taken 'as needed' in the treatment of asthma and hay fever.).\n* Have high blood pressure (systolic over 139 mm Hg or diastolic over 89 mm Hg1) - \\*NOTE: We must measure this in the lab using our blood pressure monitors and can only use our measurements to access eligibility rather than home or GP readings.\n* Have a Body Mass Index (BMI) outside of the range 18.5-39.9 kg\u002Fm2.\n* Are pregnant, seeking to become pregnant or lactating.\n* Have been diagnosed with a neurological condition or assessed as having a learning\u002Fbehavioural or neurodevelopmental difference (e.g. dyslexia, autism, ADHD).\n* Have a visual impairment that cannot be corrected with glasses or contact lenses (including colour-blindness).\n* Smoke tobacco\u002F vape nicotine\u002F use nicotine replacement products (\\* NOTE: If participants have recently quit smoking or using replacements, they must have stopped using them altogether for a period of 3 months before participating in this study).\n* Have relevant food allergies\u002F intolerances\u002F sensitivities (Please discuss all allergies\u002F intolerances\u002F sensitivities with the researcher prior to your screening appointment).\n* Have taken antibiotics within the past 4 weeks.\n* Are currently consuming any other dietary supplement (e.g., vitamins, omega 3 fish oils etc.) or have done so in the last 4 weeks. (\\* NOTE: Participation is possible following a 4-week supplement wash out prior to participating and for the duration of the study on the proviso that the supplements they are taking are out of choice and not medically prescribed or advised. Please discuss with the researcher if unsure. NOTE: We would never advise stopping supplements prescribed by your doctor e.g., iron, calcium etc., only those you use out of choice).\n* Have any health conditions that would prevent the fulfilment of the study requirements (this includes non-diagnosed conditions for which no medication may be taken).\n* Are unable to complete all of the study assessments (this will be assessed by the researcher at your training appointment, whereby you must be able to reach the minimum scores for each cognitive task to progress with the trial).\n* Are currently participating in another clinical or nutrition intervention study or have done so in the past 4 weeks.\n* Have been diagnosed with\u002F undergoing treatment for alcohol or drug abuse in the last 12 months.\n* Have been diagnosed with\u002F undergoing treatment for a psychiatric disorder in the last 12 months, including a medical diagnosis of anxiety or depression.\n* Suffer from frequent migraines that require medication (more than or equal to 1 per month).\n* Have any sleep disorders or take any sleep aid medications.\n* Have any known active infections.\n* Will be non-compliant with regards to treatment consumption.\n* Does not have a bank account (required for payment).","75 Years",{"count":316,"type":22},90,[25],"The aim of the study is to investigate the acute and chronic effects of a supplement containing Caffeine, Vitamins, Minerals and Botanical extracts on cognitive function, sleep and wellbeing, in healthy volunteers.\n\nThe study will follow a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Participants will receive both treatments, and both study arms will include an acute testing visit (day 1) and a chronic testing visit (day 29). The active treatment contains a blend of 120mg caffeine, vitamins, minerals and botanical extracts and the matched placebo treatment contains marigold extract and brown rice flour.\n\nThe trial will use computerised cognitive tasks, administered via COMPASS software (Northumbria University, UK), online cognitive assessments via Cognimapp and self-reported questionnaires and sleep diary, as measures of the outcome variables.\n\n90 participants will participate, aged 18-75, and self-ported as being in good health. Participants will be randomly allocated to a treatment order and will be supplied with either the active treatment or the placebo whilst visiting the research centre for the acute testing visits. Participants will take the treatment home to consume daily for the duration of the supplementation period. Participants will record the time of taking treatment each day in a treatment diary which will be returned to the research centre, along with any unused treatment, at each chronic testing visit.",[31,320,321,322,323],"Sleep","Cognitive Function","Wellbeing","Mood",[31,325,320,322,323],"Cognitive function","2025-02-06",{"date":328,"type":47},"2025-02-10",{"date":330,"type":22},"2025-02-24",{"date":332,"type":22},"2025-12-19",{"name":334,"class":54},"Northumbria University",{"id":336,"slug":337,"hasResults":11,"nctId":338,"briefTitle":339,"officialTitle":340,"acronym":341,"eligibilityCriteria":342,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":241,"enrollmentInfo":343,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":344,"briefSummary":345,"conditions":346,"keywords":349,"overallStatus":87,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":351,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":352,"startDateStruct":354,"completionDateStruct":356,"leadSponsor":358,"locationsCount":55},"100574737","phase-4-effects-of-caffeine-on-reinforcement-learning-in-healthy-adults-using-petmri-100574737","NCT06763172","Effects of Caffeine on Reinforcement Learning in Healthy Adults Using PET\u002FMRI","Measure Striatal Adenosine-dopamine Receptors Interactions: from Molecule to Behaviors","Caffeine-RAC","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 18 and ≤ 45.\n* Habitual caffeine intake ≥ 100 mg and ≤ 450 mg daily.\n* Non-smokers.\n* Clinically healthy.\n* Have normal vision or corrected to normal vision.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pregnant or lactating women.\n* Women using hormonal contraceptives.\n* BMI \\\u003C 18.5 or \\> 29.9\n* Sleep disturbance or extreme chronotype.\n* Urine test positive on one of the following substances: benzoylecgonine, morphine, d-Methamphetamine, d-Amphetamine, Benzodiazepines, Secobarbital, Methadone, Buprenorphine Glucuronide, Nortriptyline, MDMA, Oxycodone, PCP, Propoxyphene, and Cannabis\u002FTHC\n* Diagnosis of depression, anxiety, psychosis, or neurologic disorders in the last 5 years.\n* Heart or cardiovascular diseases.\n* Diabetes or other metabolic diseases.\n* Under chronic medications, for instance, painkiller and steroid.\n* Allergy to lactose (main ingredient of blank control dose)\n* Incapable to operate the tasks or comprehend the study information in English.\n\nGeneral MRI and PET safety exclusion criteria for all subjects:\n\n* Metallic foreign bodies such as cardiac pacemakers, perfusion pumps, aneurysm clips, metallic tattoos anywhere on the body, tattoos near the eye.\n* Pre-existing medical conditions including a likelihood of developing seizures or claustrophobic reactions\n* Inability to lie flat on scanner bed for about 90 min as assessed by physical examination and medical history (e.g. arthritis)\n* Recent exposure to radiation (i.e., PET from other research studies) that, when combined with this study, would be above the allowable limits\n* Pregnancy or breastfeeding: A negative serum or urine pregnancy test is required on the day of the PET procedure\n* Body weight of \\> 300 lbs (weight limit of the MRI scanner table)",{"count":5,"type":22},[294],"This research study aims to determine whether and how caffeine intake affects learning process through reward feedback compared to placebo. The data acquired from this study would improve our understanding on the consequence and mechanism of caffeine intake in the aspect of learning process.\n\nParticipants will perform a reinforcement learning task (i.e. Probabilistic Selection Task) and a motor inhibition task (i.e. Go\u002FNoGo task) in a brain scan. The scan will be done with the Siemens Biograph mMR positron emission tomography (PET)\u002F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 3 Tesla scanner. The PET allows us to see the changes in the \"reward signals\" - dopamine - in the brain using a radioactive dye called \\[11C\\]Raclopride. The MRI, on the other hand, enables us to take detailed pictures of the brain activities during cognitive tasks using a high-powered magnet. Reviewing these pictures will help us understand the influence of caffeine on reward signals and brain activities during the learning process.",[169,31,347,348],"Adenosine","Dopamine D2\u002F3 Receptor Availability",[350],"PET\u002FfMRI","2025-01-07",{"date":353,"type":47},"2025-01-09",{"date":355,"type":47},"2023-05-17",{"date":357,"type":22},"2026-12-31",{"name":359,"class":54},"Hsiao-Ying Wey"]