[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"cerebral-palsy-cp\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:cerebral-palsy-cp":29},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":7,"results":8},null,70,0,25,[9,49,73,99,135,157,188,212,238,267,288,315,336,357,397,422,455,475,496,516,542,572,593,619,651],{"id":10,"slug":11,"hasResults":12,"nctId":13,"briefTitle":14,"officialTitle":15,"acronym":16,"eligibilityCriteria":17,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":20,"enrollmentInfo":21,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":25,"briefSummary":27,"conditions":28,"keywords":30,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":37,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":38,"startDateStruct":41,"completionDateStruct":43,"leadSponsor":45,"locationsCount":48},"100563937","clinical-improvement-due-to-the-home-use-of-agilik-in-children-with-cerebral-palsy-100563937",false,"NCT06622655","Clinical Improvement Due to the Home Use of Agilik in Children With Cerebral Palsy","Agilik@Home: Demonstrate the Clinical Improvement Due to the Home Use of Agilik in Children With Cerebral Palsy","Agilik@home","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of CP and a crouch gait\n* Provision of signed and dated informed consent form.\n* Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study, or alternatively, ability to do so based on parent report and physician observation during history and physical examination.\n* Body weight between 20 and 125 Kg\n* Knee flexion retraction assessed in supine position by less than 10°. Hamstring contracture as assessed by straight leg raising test does not limit ability to participate in the study.\n* Subjects must not have had a tibio-tarsal arthrodesis. In addition, they must have at least 5° of passive dorsi-flexion of the ankle.\n* Able to walk at least 3 m without stopping, with or without a walking aid.\n* Able to understand and follow simple directions based on parent report and physician observation during historical and physical examination.\n* GMFCS level I, II and III\n* MAS score ≤ 2\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Any severe neurological, musculoskeletal and\u002For cardiorespiratory involvement preventing the ability to walk;\n* A history of uncontrolled seizure in the past year\n* Severe spasticity\n* Hip and\u002For knee flexion contracture of more than 20°","ALL","5 Years","17 Years",{"count":22,"type":23},40,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[26],"NA","The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a two month training with the Agilik powered orthosis improves the knee extension or the endurance in pediatric patients with Cerebral palsy and a crouch gait. It will also learn about the safety of Agilik. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\nDoes the Agilik powered orthosis increase the value of the knee extension during walking? What medical problems do participants have when using the Agilik powered orthosis? Researchers will compare a group of patients using the Agilik powered exoskeleton with a group of patients treated with standard therapy.\n\nParticipants will:\n\nUse Agilik at home or perform standard therapy for 2 months Visit the clinic at the beginning of the study, after 3 months and after 1 additional month.",[29],"Cerebral Palsy (CP)",[31,32,33,34,35],"exoskeleton device","powered orthosis","cerebral palsy","crouch gait","home use","RECRUITING","2026-06-24",{"date":39,"type":40},"2026-06-26","ACTUAL",{"date":42,"type":40},"2024-10-29",{"date":44,"type":23},"2026-11",{"name":46,"class":47},"IRCCS Eugenio Medea","OTHER",6,{"id":50,"slug":51,"hasResults":12,"nctId":52,"briefTitle":53,"officialTitle":53,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":54,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":55,"enrollmentInfo":56,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":58,"briefSummary":59,"conditions":60,"keywords":61,"overallStatus":64,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":65,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":66,"startDateStruct":68,"completionDateStruct":69,"leadSponsor":71,"locationsCount":4},"100643972","effect-of-aquatic-therapy-program-on-balance-in-children-with-spastic-diplegic-cerebral-palsy-100643972","NCT07669350","Effect of Aquatic Therapy Program on Balance in Children With Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Confirmed diagnosis of spastic diplegic cerebral palsy by a paediatric neurologist or developmental paediatrician\n2. Age between 5 and 12 years\n3. Classified at GMFCS levels I-III\n4. Bilateral lower limb spasticity with a Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) score of ≥ 1\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Athetoid, ataxic, or mixed-type cerebral palsy\n2. GMFCS levels IV or V (non-ambulatory children)\n3. Uncontrolled seizure disorder or epilepsy not managed by medication\n4. Open wounds, skin infections, or active dermatological conditions contraindicating water immersion\n5. Fear of water (aquaphobia) or inability to tolerate the aquatic environment","12 Years",{"count":57,"type":23},50,[26],"1. Evaluate the effect of a structured aquatic therapy programme on static balance in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy.\n2. Assess the effect of the same programme on dynamic balance in this patient population.\n3. Compare balance outcomes between children receiving aquatic therapy and those receiving conventional land-based physiotherapy.",[29],[62,63,33],"Aquatic therapy","Diaplegia","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-20",{"date":67,"type":40},"2026-06-25",{"date":67,"type":23},{"date":70,"type":23},"2026-09-15",{"name":72,"class":47},"Delta University for Science and Technology",{"id":74,"slug":75,"hasResults":12,"nctId":76,"briefTitle":77,"officialTitle":78,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":79,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":80,"maxAge":81,"enrollmentInfo":82,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":84,"briefSummary":85,"conditions":86,"keywords":87,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":90,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":91,"startDateStruct":93,"completionDateStruct":94,"leadSponsor":96,"locationsCount":98},"100641804","local-vibration-for-drooling-in-children-with-cerebral-palsy-100641804","NCT07626424","Local Vibration for Drooling in Children With Cerebral Palsy","Effects of Local Vibration on Orofacial Muscle Tone and Drooling in Children With Cerebral Palsy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of cerebral palsy\n* Age between 2 and 18 years\n* Presence of anterior drooling\n* Drooling severity and frequency score ≥ 3 on a standardized drooling scale\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of surgical intervention for drooling management\n* History of botulinum toxin injection for drooling management\n* Use of medications affecting salivary control\n* Presence of progressive neurological disease\n* Presence of salivary gland pathology or active upper respiratory tract infection\n* History or symptoms of aspiration pneumonia within the last 6 months\n* Indication for surgical treatment of drooling (e.g., more than four clothing changes per day and presence of chin or neck dermatitis)\n* Uncontrolled seizures\n* Presence of oral or perioral lesions\n* Presence of gastrostomy tube\n* Treatment adherence below 85%","2 Years","18 Years",{"count":83,"type":23},20,[26],"This randomized-controlled trial evaluates local vibration therapy for drooling and orofacial muscle biomechanics in children with cerebral palsy. Participants receive either local vibration plus conventional physiotherapy or sham vibration plus conventional physiotherapy.",[29],[88,89],"Drooling","Local vibration","2026-06-15",{"date":92,"type":40},"2026-06-16",{"date":90,"type":40},{"date":95,"type":23},"2026-08-27",{"name":97,"class":47},"Bitlis Eren University",1,{"id":100,"slug":101,"hasResults":12,"nctId":102,"briefTitle":103,"officialTitle":104,"acronym":105,"eligibilityCriteria":106,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":107,"maxAge":20,"enrollmentInfo":108,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":110,"briefSummary":111,"conditions":112,"keywords":114,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":126,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":127,"startDateStruct":129,"completionDateStruct":131,"leadSponsor":133,"locationsCount":98},"100578949","speech-and-arm-combined-exergame-100578949","NCT06817941","Speech and Arm Combined Exergame","Enhancing Rehabilitation Outcomes in Cerebral Palsy Through Gamified Multidisciplinary Interventions: Integrating Speech and Upper Extremity Motor Therapy","SPACE","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* (1) diagnosis of CP\n* (2) age between 8-17 years (i.e., pediatric age)\n* (3) use speech as the primary mode of communication\n* (4) mild to moderate dysarthria\n* (5) Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) level I to III\n* (6) Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I to IV\n* (7) mild to moderate muscle spasticity of the arm with a Modified Tardieu Scale of 0-3\n* (8) pass bilateral pure-tone hearing screening at 25 dB HL (at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz)\n* (9) able to follow simple task-related directions, including repeating short phrases.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* (1) severe vision impairment that limits the child's ability to interact with the entire computer screen\n* (2) dyskinetic CP or spastic diplegia\n* (3) English is not their first or primary language.","8 Years",{"count":109,"type":23},15,[26],"The purpose of this study is to develop innovative home therapy games to train the weak arm and improve speech intelligibility (clarity) of children with hemiplegia from cerebral palsy. The investigators are exploring the effects of these therapy games and how they change the children's speech, hand movement, and brain activation.\n\n15 children who are 8-17 years old will be recruited for this study. These children should have a diagnosis of cerebral palsy, mild to moderate speech issues but use speech as the primary mode of communication, mild to moderate movement difficulty and muscle spasticity, adequate hearing (pass a hearing screening), and be able to follow simple task-related directions.\n\nChildren who have severe vision impairment that limits the child's ability to interact with the entire computer screen, have severe arm weakness so they cannot move their arm enough to interact with the computer games, have severe increase in tone in their weak arm, or have difficulty following instructions or paying attention to computer video games for at least 10 minutes cannot participate in this study.\n\nThe therapy games will take 8 weeks to finish at home. Each child will play these games for 30 minutes each day, 5 days per week.\n\nIn addition, children will come to the lab 4 times for speech and hand movement assessment: (1) 1st assessment takes place immediately before the child start to play the video games. (2) 2nd assessment takes place 4 weeks (midpoint) after the child starts to play the games. (3) 3rd assessment takes place immediately after the video games are finished. (4) 4th assessment takes place 6 weeks after the video games are finished.\n\nEach assessment should take about 2 hours to complete in the Rutgers movement lab or at Rutgers SLP Clinic.\n\nA total of 15 children will take part in this research study. The research will last for 2 years overall.",[29,113],"Dysarthria",[33,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125],"children","dysarthria","motor speech disorder","upper extremity","arm weakness","intervention","video games","fNIRS","neuroimaging","therapy","rehabilitation","2026-06-10",{"date":128,"type":40},"2026-06-12",{"date":130,"type":40},"2025-06-01",{"date":132,"type":23},"2027-08",{"name":134,"class":47},"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey",{"id":136,"slug":137,"hasResults":12,"nctId":138,"briefTitle":139,"officialTitle":139,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":140,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":81,"enrollmentInfo":141,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":142,"briefSummary":143,"conditions":144,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":148,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":149,"startDateStruct":151,"completionDateStruct":153,"leadSponsor":155,"locationsCount":98},"100630496","impact-of-rtms-combined-with-neurorehabilitation-on-lower-extremity-motor-function-and-spasticity-in-children-with-spastic-diplegic-cerebral-palsy-100630496","NCT07488429","Impact of rTMS Combined With Neurorehabilitation on Lower Extremity Motor Function and Spasticity in Children With Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy.\n* Between 5 and 18 years of age.\n* Cooperative and oriented (capable of following commands).\n* Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Level II or III.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Poor general health status.\n* Children with severe comorbid conditions (e.g., total or partial blindness, severe lower extremity deformities, etc.).\n* Diagnosis of epilepsy.\n* History of seizures.\n* Presence of a cardiac pacemaker.\n* Presence of metal implants (specifically in the cranial and cervical regions).\n* Open wounds or infections at the application site.\n* History of botulinum toxin injection or surgical intervention within the 6 months prior to study enrollment.\n* History of Selective Posterior Rhizotomy (SPR) surgery.",{"count":83,"type":23},[26],"Cerebral palsy (CP) is widely recognized as the most prevalent cause of lifelong physical disability emerging in childhood across most global populations. While international data typically reports a prevalence ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 per 1,000 live births, in our specific national context, this rate is notably higher, reaching 4.4 per 1,000. CP is defined as a heterogeneous group of permanent disorders that fundamentally disrupt the development of movement and posture. These disruptions lead to significant activity limitations and are attributed to non-progressive disturbances occurring in the developing fetal or infant brain. Beyond primary motor impairments, CP is frequently characterized by a complex constellation of associated symptoms, including sensory and perceptual deficits, cognitive impairments, communication difficulties, behavioral challenges, epilepsy, and secondary musculoskeletal complications that develop over time.Among the various clinical presentations, diplegic CP stands out as the most common subtype of spastic CP, with prematurity identified as the leading etiological factor. In children diagnosed with spastic diplegia, all four extremities are typically involved; however, the clinical hallmark of this subtype is that the lower extremities are significantly more affected than the upper extremities. Despite this lower-body dominance, a loss of fine motor skills is frequently observed in the upper extremities as well. Most children with spastic diplegia face the risk of becoming significantly disabled due to these combined symptoms, a situation that exerts a profound and lasting impact on the quality of life for both the child and their entire family.This complex clinical picture underscores the critical importance of implementing a comprehensive and multidisciplinary CP rehabilitation program. Such programs must be initiated as early as possible, tailored to the child's specific age and functional status, and maintained throughout their entire lifespan. The planning of CP rehabilitation requires a highly individualized approach based on the unique needs of each patient. The ultimate and primary goal of these interventions is to facilitate the child's full participation in social life while maintaining the minimum possible level of physical and functional disability.In contemporary CP rehabilitation, a wide array of therapeutic modalities is employed. These include neurophysiological exercises, conventional physical therapy, gait training, orthotics, assistive devices, and pharmacological spasticity management. Furthermore, occupational therapy, cognitive rehabilitation, speech and swallowing therapy, hydrotherapy, and advanced robotic treatments-such as virtual reality applications and balance-training devices-are integrated into the patient's care plan. Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES), including specialized applications like FES cycling, and visual rehabilitation are also prescribed according to individual requirements.In addition to these traditional methods, recent research in pediatric neurology has increasingly focused on the efficacy of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) for various pediatric neurological disorders. For any therapeutic modality to demonstrate a truly effective and long-lasting impact, it must influence the brain's neuroplasticity over the long term. Theoretically, treatment methods that act directly on the cerebral cortex or specific neuronal populations may support nervous system development and correct dysfunction more effectively than traditional \"bottom-up\" approaches. While traditional methods rely on remodeling the central nervous system through peripheral organ stimulation, NIBS offers a \"top-down\" regulatory mechanism.One of the most promising novel diagnostic and therapeutic options in CP management is Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), a specific form of NIBS that has shown effectiveness in improving clinical outcomes for children. The fundamental objective of TMS is to stimulate neurons in targeted cortical regions and their associated networks through an intact skull using a magnetic coil. This technology modulates neuronal activity patterns: it achieves an inhibitory effect when applied at low frequencies (1-5 Hz) or an excitatory effect at high frequencies (5-20 Hz), thereby aiming to restore a healthy neuronal balance in the brain.Extensive clinical studies indicate that repetitive TMS (rTMS) can significantly improve motor function, reduce spasticity, enhance balance control, and even improve speech functions in CP patients. Although the relatively limited number of pediatric studies sometimes leads to hesitation regarding safety, current clinical evidence suggests that rTMS is a safe and well-tolerated intervention for children with CP. No serious adverse events have been reported in pediatric rTMS trials to date. Rare side effects, when they occur, are typically transient and mild, including minor headaches, neck pain, scalp",[145,146,147,29],"Diplegic Cerebral Palsy With Spasticity","Cerebral Palsy, Spastic, Diplegic","Transcranial Magnetic Stimilation","2026-06-03",{"date":150,"type":40},"2026-06-04",{"date":152,"type":40},"2025-05-05",{"date":154,"type":23},"2026-09-30",{"name":156,"class":47},"Ankara City Hospital Bilkent",{"id":158,"slug":159,"hasResults":12,"nctId":160,"briefTitle":161,"officialTitle":162,"acronym":163,"eligibilityCriteria":164,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":165,"maxAge":20,"enrollmentInfo":166,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":168,"briefSummary":169,"conditions":170,"keywords":173,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":179,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":180,"startDateStruct":182,"completionDateStruct":184,"leadSponsor":186,"locationsCount":98},"100606245","speech-production-enhancement-using-augmentative-communication-for-kids-100606245","NCT07173049","Speech Production Enhancement Using Augmentative Communication for Kids","Speech Supplementation Strategies for Improving Intelligibility in Children With Cerebral Palsy (CP)","SPEAK","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Medical diagnosis of cerebral palsy, or a similar, related condition that affects early motor development and presents as a chronic motor disability\n* Age between 7 and 17 years\n* Clinical dysarthria with speech intelligibility between 10-85 percent\n* Able to produce connected speech in English, with a minimum utterance length of 3 words\n* Able to use hands to point to items on a communication board\n* Cognitive\u002Flanguage skills that enable basic picture identification on a communication board\n* Pass pure tone hearing screening\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Failure to meet all inclusion criteria.\n* Vision impairment that precludes being able to see items on a communication board.\n* Not suitable for participation due to other reasons at the discretion of the investigators.","7 Years",{"count":167,"type":23},100,[26],"The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if speech supplementation can improve speech intelligibility in children ages 7 to 17 years with cerebral palsy. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* To what extent can speech supplementation improve intelligibility in children with CP compared with habitual speech produced without speech supplementation?\n* How much intelligibility change is necessary for meaningful improvement when children use speech supplementation strategies?\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* complete speech and language assessments\n* complete a speech pre-test using habitual speech\n* learn a speech supplementation strategy with training from a speech-language pathologist\n* complete a speech post-test using the speech supplementation strategy\n* complete a speech repetition task where specific words are emphasized (emphatic stress)\n* use the previously learned speech supplementation strategy + emphasis on specific words while producing a set of sentences",[29,171,172],"Intelligibility, Speech","Augmentative and Alternative Communication",[174,175,176,177,178],"Cerebral Palsy","Speech","Intelligibility","Speech supplementation","Augmentative and alternative communication","2026-05-28",{"date":181,"type":40},"2026-06-01",{"date":183,"type":23},"2026-07",{"date":185,"type":23},"2029-07",{"name":187,"class":47},"University of Wisconsin, Madison",{"id":189,"slug":190,"hasResults":12,"nctId":191,"briefTitle":192,"officialTitle":193,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":194,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":195,"maxAge":81,"enrollmentInfo":196,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":197,"briefSummary":198,"conditions":199,"keywords":200,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":203,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":204,"startDateStruct":206,"completionDateStruct":208,"leadSponsor":210,"locationsCount":98},"100631742","the-effect-of-spinal-manipulation-on-heart-rate-variability-in-children-with-cerebral-palsy-100631742","NCT07504640","The Effect of Spinal Manipulation on Heart Rate Variability in Children With Cerebral Palsy.","The Effect of Spinal Manipulation on Heart Rate Variability in Children With Cerebral Palsy. Randomised Comtrolled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Cerebral palsy\n* Motor function levels I-III according to GMFCS\n* Cooperative behavior\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Hyperkinetic forms\n* Use of medications affecting autonomic regulation","4 Years",{"count":83,"type":23},[26],"This randomized, sham-controlled crossover trial aims to evaluate the immediate effects of spinal manipulation on heart rate variability in children with cerebral palsy. Each participant will attend four experimental sessions conducted on separate days. In two sessions, spinal manipulation will be performed, and in two sessions, a sham procedure will be applied. The order of interventions will be randomized for each participant. Heart rate variability will be recorded before and after each intervention.",[29],[201,202,33],"Heart rate variability","spinal manipulation","2026-05-27",{"date":205,"type":40},"2026-05-29",{"date":207,"type":40},"2026-05-01",{"date":209,"type":23},"2026-11-01",{"name":211,"class":47},"International Clinic of Rehabilitation, Ukraine",{"id":213,"slug":214,"hasResults":12,"nctId":215,"briefTitle":216,"officialTitle":217,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":218,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":165,"maxAge":219,"enrollmentInfo":220,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":222,"briefSummary":223,"conditions":224,"keywords":225,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":230,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":231,"startDateStruct":232,"completionDateStruct":234,"leadSponsor":236,"locationsCount":98},"100639871","effects-of-motor-imagery-and-action-observation-on-motor-function-in-unilateral-cerebral-palsy-100639871","NCT07612371","Effects of Motor Imagery and Action Observation on Motor Function in Unilateral Cerebral Palsy","Investigation of the Effects of Motor Imagery and Action Observation Therapy on Gross Motor Function, Upper Extremity Functional Skills, Activity, and Participation in Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Being between 7 and 16 years of age\n* Having a diagnosis of unilateral cerebral palsy made by a pediatric neurologist\n* Being classified at levels I-II of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS)\n* Scoring above 24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination for Children\n* Having no cognitive impairments (i.e., possessing an appropriate cognitive level to follow task instructions)\n* Willingness to participate in the study (child and family)\n* Being classified at levels I-III of the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) -Being classified at levels I-III of the Communication Function Classification System (CFCS) -\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children with uncontrolled seizures\n* Children who have received motor imagery training or action observation therapy within the last 6 months\n* Children with contractures\n* Children with severe visual and\u002For hearing impairments\n* Being classified at levels III, IV, or V according to the GMFCS\n* Scoring below 24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination for Children\n* Being classified at levels IV-V of the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS)\n* Having undergone orthopedic surgery or botulinum toxin (Botox) treatment within the last 6 months","16 Years",{"count":221,"type":23},48,[26],"The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of action observation therapy and motor imagery methods, provided in addition to a conventional physiotherapy and rehabilitation program, on gross motor function, upper and lower extremity functional skills, and quality of life in children with cerebral palsy.",[29],[226,227,228,229],"motor imagery","Mirror Neurons","quality of life","Cognitive Training","2026-05-23",{"date":179,"type":40},{"date":233,"type":40},"2026-05-15",{"date":235,"type":23},"2026-10",{"name":237,"class":47},"Bahçeşehir University",{"id":239,"slug":240,"hasResults":12,"nctId":241,"briefTitle":242,"officialTitle":243,"acronym":244,"eligibilityCriteria":245,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":195,"maxAge":246,"enrollmentInfo":247,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":249,"briefSummary":250,"conditions":251,"keywords":252,"overallStatus":64,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":260,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":261,"startDateStruct":262,"completionDateStruct":263,"leadSponsor":265,"locationsCount":98},"100638310","non-immersive-virtual-reality-for-gait-and-balance-training-in-children-with-cerebral-palsy-100638310","NCT07612332","Non-Immersive Virtual Reality for Gait and Balance Training in Children With Cerebral Palsy","Non-Immersive Virtual Reality for Gait and Balance Training With Rehametrics in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Protocol for a Pre-post Single Group Pilot Study","Rehametrics-CP","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 4 and 10 years (inclusive) at the time of enrollment.\n* Confirmed clinical diagnosis of cerebral palsy documented in the medical record by a pediatric neurologist.\n* Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I, II, or III\n* Ability to stand independently or with minimal assistance for at least 30 seconds.\n* Capacity to interact with a screen-based virtual environment (sufficient visual and cognitive ability to follow game instructions with therapist support).\n* Written informed consent provided by parent or legal guardian.\n* Availability to attend all scheduled sessions at the clinical site.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Severe or uncontrolled epilepsy that contraindicates interaction with visual stimuli (photosensitive epilepsy).\n* Severe cognitive or behavioral impairment precluding participation in game-based VR interaction.\n* Presence of acute musculoskeletal injuries or recent surgical interventions (within the preceding 3 months) affecting lower limb function.\n* Participation in another rehabilitation research study during the study period.\n* Visual impairment not correctable with glasses or lenses.","10 Years",{"count":248,"type":23},10,[26],"The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the feasibility and user satisfaction of a non-immersive VR rehabilitation system, i.e. Rehametrics, for gait and balance training in children with CP in children between 4 to 10 years old. Secondary objectives include assessing the system's impact on functional mobility, gross motor function, balance, active participation, and user experience.\n\nPrimary hypothesis: rehabilitation intervention with Rehametrics is feasible and well accepted in a clinical setting for children with CP aged 4 to 10 years.\n\nParticipants will train exercises related to balance and gait using Rehametrics platform",[29],[33,253,125,254,255,256,257,258,259],"virtual reality","gait","balance","gross motor function","pediatric","non-immersive","serious game","2026-05-22",{"date":179,"type":40},{"date":181,"type":23},{"date":264,"type":23},"2026-11-21",{"name":266,"class":47},"Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa",{"id":268,"slug":269,"hasResults":12,"nctId":270,"briefTitle":271,"officialTitle":271,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":272,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":273,"maxAge":55,"enrollmentInfo":274,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":276,"briefSummary":277,"conditions":278,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":280,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":281,"startDateStruct":282,"completionDateStruct":284,"leadSponsor":286,"locationsCount":98},"100639661","comparison-of-sensory-integration-therapy-and-conventional-physical-therapy-on-gross-motor-function-in-children-with-athetoid-cerebral-palsy-a-randomized-controlled-trial-100639661","NCT07611565","Comparison of Sensory Integration Therapy and Conventional Physical Therapy on Gross Motor Function in Children With Athetoid Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* • Diagnosis of athetoid cerebral palsy\n\n  * Aged between 6 and 12 years\n  * GMFCS Level I-III\n  * MMSE score ≥ 24\n  * Able to follow simple instructions\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* • Other neurological or musculoskeletal disorders\n\n  * Recent orthopedic or neurosurgical interventions\n  * Severe visual or hearing impairment\n  * Uncontrolled epilepsy","6 Years",{"count":275,"type":23},26,[26],"This is an RCT aiming to explore the comparison of Sensory Integration Therapy and Conventional Physical Therapy on Gross Motor Function in Children with Athetoid Cerebral Palsy",[279,29],"Athetoid CP","2026-05-21",{"date":179,"type":40},{"date":283,"type":40},"2026-03-10",{"date":285,"type":23},"2026-09-20",{"name":287,"class":47},"Ibadat International University, Islamabad",{"id":289,"slug":290,"hasResults":12,"nctId":291,"briefTitle":292,"officialTitle":292,"acronym":293,"eligibilityCriteria":294,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":295,"maxAge":296,"enrollmentInfo":297,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":299,"briefSummary":300,"conditions":301,"keywords":302,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":307,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":308,"startDateStruct":310,"completionDateStruct":311,"leadSponsor":313,"locationsCount":98},"100640035","constraint-induced-movement-therapy-combined-with-functional-electrical-stimulation-in-children-with-cerebral-palsy-100640035","NCT07587476","Constraint-induced Movement Therapy Combined With Functional Electrical Stimulation in Children With Cerebral Palsy","CIMT-FES-CP","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nChildren aged 3 to 15 years, including both male and female population. Diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP), confirmed by medical assessment and clinical evaluation.\n\nModerate to severe impairment in upper limb function (as determined by a relevant motor function assessment scale, e.g., the Modified Ashworth Scale.\n\nChildren with spastic and dyskinetic types of cerebral palsy. Children with cognitive ability that allows for participation in therapy, as determined by minimental status examination.\n\nNo history of recent interventions (e.g., surgery, Botox injections) that may interfere with study participation.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nChildren with contraindications to functional electrical stimulation (e.g., pacemaker, skin conditions, or open wounds in the area of electrode placement).\n\nPresence of other significant neurological or musculoskeletal disorders that could confound the results (e.g., traumatic brain injury, muscular dystrophy)","3 Years","15 Years",{"count":298,"type":23},46,[26],"This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effectiveness of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) combined with Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) versus CIMT alone in improving upper limb function, reducing spasticity, and enhancing functional independence in children with cerebral palsy (CP). A total of 46 children aged 3 to 15 years with spastic or dyskinetic cerebral palsy will be recruited from rehabilitation centers and hospitals in Sukkur, Pakistan. Participants will be randomly assigned into two groups: Group A will receive CIMT combined with FES, while Group B will receive CIMT alone. Both groups will undergo supervised therapy sessions five times per week for six weeks. Outcomes will be assessed before and after treatment using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Melbourne Assessment of Unilateral Upper Limb Function (MUUL), and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). The study aims to determine whether combining FES with CIMT provides greater improvements in motor recovery and daily functional performance in children with CP.",[29],[303,304,305,306],"Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy","Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)","Upper Limb Rehabilitation","Spasticity","2026-05-14",{"date":309,"type":40},"2026-05-18",{"date":309,"type":23},{"date":312,"type":23},"2026-06-29",{"name":314,"class":47},"Montiha Azeem",{"id":316,"slug":317,"hasResults":12,"nctId":318,"briefTitle":319,"officialTitle":320,"acronym":321,"eligibilityCriteria":322,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":81,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":323,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":325,"phases":4,"briefSummary":326,"conditions":327,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":328,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":329,"startDateStruct":330,"completionDateStruct":332,"leadSponsor":334,"locationsCount":98},"100621944","childhood-toxin-perception-survey-100621944","NCT07377201","Childhood Toxin Perception Survey","How Do Adults With Cerebral Palsy Perceive Their Botulinum Toxin Treatment During Childhood ?","PERTOXE","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Participants aged 18 years or older\n* Diagnosed with cerebral palsy\n* Received repeated toxin injections during childhood (\\> 2 series of injections)\n* Agreeing to complete the questionnaire\n* Possessing sufficient cognitive abilities, particularly in terms of reading comprehension and oral comprehension (even if someone had to physically assist them in responding)\n* All levels of the GMFCS classification 1 to 5\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals who do not meet the above criteria, as confirmed by the statements in Part 1 of the survey, will be automatically excluded from the study.",{"count":324,"type":23},500,"OBSERVATIONAL","Context:\n\nMost medical and surgical interventions for individuals with Cerebral Palsy (CP)-such as botulinum toxin injections, orthopedic surgery, and rehabilitation-occur during childhood. While these treatments are costly and resource-intensive, there is a significant lack of long-term data regarding their effectiveness in adulthood. Furthermore, the perspective of adult patients on the care they received as children is rarely documented. Understanding this \"patient-centered\" perspective is vital, as care aligned with an individual's values is proven to result in higher satisfaction and better health outcomes.\n\nProblem Statement While botulinum toxin (BTX) has been the gold standard for treating focal spasticity since 2009, it is an iterative (repeated) treatment that can involve procedure-induced pain. At present, there is limited knowledge about how adults with CP perceive the long-term impact of childhood vaccinations. The emotional and physical burden of repeated treatments during development is also not well understood, as are the coping strategies developed by these individuals to manage the stress and pain associated with long-term medical care.\n\nObjectives\n\nThe PERTOXE study is a prospective study designed to explore the transition from childhood care to adult life for individuals with CP. Its primary goals are:\n\nPerception of Care: To evaluate how adults with CP perceive the effectiveness and impact of the botulinum toxin injections they received during childhood.\n\nLived Experience: To document the subjective experience of treatment, including induced pain and the quality of communication with healthcare providers.\n\nCoping Mechanisms: To explore the \"coping strategies\" these individuals use to face stressful medical events and chronic functional decline.\n\nSignificance As the lifespan of individuals with CP increases, understanding long-term outcomes is a research priority. By collecting data from adults, this study aims to improve current pediatric practices, ensuring that childhood interventions better support a high quality of life, functional maintenance, and psychological well-being in adulthood.",[29],"2026-05-13",{"date":307,"type":40},{"date":331,"type":40},"2026-02-01",{"date":333,"type":23},"2026-08-01",{"name":335,"class":47},"Centre Médico-Chirurgical de Réadaptation des Massues Croix Rouge Française",{"id":337,"slug":338,"hasResults":12,"nctId":339,"briefTitle":340,"officialTitle":340,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":341,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":246,"maxAge":20,"enrollmentInfo":342,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":344,"briefSummary":346,"conditions":347,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":64,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":348,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":349,"startDateStruct":350,"completionDateStruct":352,"leadSponsor":354,"locationsCount":356},"100636380","phase-2-leveraging-extended-reality-exergaming-and-telehealth-to-improve-physical-activity-and-health-in-children-with-disabilities-100636380","NCT07564934","Leveraging Extended Reality Exergaming and Telehealth to Improve Physical Activity and Health in Children With Disabilities","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. medical diagnosis of cerebral palsy\n2. between the ages of 10-17 years (10 years of age is the minimum requirement of the Meta Quest 3s headset, as noted by the manufacturer)\n3. physician clearance to participate in moderate-intensity exercise\n4. access to a Wi-Fi Internet connection in the home\n5. a caregiver that is committed to supporting the child with setting up and assisting with the prescribed exergaming and managing the study activities\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. physically active (defined as ≥150 minutes per week of moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise in a typical week)\n2. prone to photosensitive seizures\n3. a classification of GMFCS level V, which we have found to preclude the ability to use the Oculus Quest hand-held controllers\n4. complete blindness or deafness\n5. unable to communicate in English (participant and caregiver)",{"count":343,"type":23},130,[345],"PHASE2","This phase II RCT evaluates the efficacy of a telehealth-delivered extended reality (XR) exergaming intervention on physical activity, cardiometabolic health, and physical fitness in physically inactive children with cerebral palsy (ages 10 to 17). A total of 130 participants will be randomized to either a 12-week XR exergaming intervention with behavioral coaching or a non-intervention control group, followed by a 24-week sustainability phase. Aim 1 examines immediate and sustained effects on physical activity levels. Aim 2 tests effects on cardiometabolic health indicators including blood lipids, blood pressure, and glycemic markers. Aim 3 explores effects on physical fitness and perceived health. All procedures are conducted remotely via telehealth.",[29],"2026-05-11",{"date":307,"type":40},{"date":351,"type":23},"2026-12-01",{"date":353,"type":23},"2031-05-31",{"name":355,"class":47},"University of Alabama at Birmingham",2,{"id":358,"slug":359,"hasResults":12,"nctId":360,"briefTitle":361,"officialTitle":362,"acronym":363,"eligibilityCriteria":364,"healthyVolunteers":365,"sex":18,"minAge":366,"maxAge":367,"enrollmentInfo":368,"targetDuration":370,"studyType":325,"phases":4,"briefSummary":371,"conditions":372,"keywords":381,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":388,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":389,"startDateStruct":390,"completionDateStruct":392,"leadSponsor":394,"locationsCount":396},"100581994","assessing-intellectual-and-motor-outcomes-in-high-risk-infants-100581994","NCT06857539","Assessing Intellectual and Motor Outcomes in High-risk Infants","The ELEVATE Program for Prediction, Early Detection & Intervention in Cerebral Palsy","AIM-High","Inclusion Criteria (High Risk Group) :\n\n* Legal guardians must be able and willing to give written informed consent and to comply with the requirements of this study protocol.\n* All infants considered high risk for a diagnosis of cerebral palsy and neuro-developmental impairment will be eligible, specifically including:\n\n  * All preterm infants born ≤32 weeks Post Menstrual Age or ≤1500 gm birth weight\n  * All encephalopathic infants\n  * Neurological risk factors (e.g., cerebral birth defect, injury\u002Fmalformation on neuroimaging, persistently abnormal neurological exam)\n\n(Control Group)\n\n-A control arm will also be recruited.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Death prior to discharge from the neonatal unit (High-Risk Infants only)\n* No parental consent (High-Risk and Control Infants)",true,"0 Days","4 Months",{"count":369,"type":23},600,"30 Months","Cerebral palsy (CP) is a condition when a baby has a brain injury that affects their movement and muscle tone. Some people with CP can have other developmental issues, like learning impairments, but many do not and have isolated issues with their motor skills. Some newborns are at higher risk of developing CP, including babies born prematurely, those who have an injury to their brain, and those who have an abnormal neurological examination. However, most babies with a higher risk of CP do not develop CP. The problem is that doctors can't tell early on who will and who will not develop CP, they can only say who has a risk of it. Therefore, these babies are followed up in out-patient clinics to see how they are progressing, usually by a neonatologist (baby doctor), often a physiotherapist, and some may also be referred to services in the community like the Early Intervention Team. If there is a significant concern, doctors will often perform a scan of the baby's brain to provide more information. Even with all this follow-up, it still usually takes at least 12 months, and can be up to 2 years, to diagnose a child as having CP.\n\nIn this study the aim is to try and reduce the age of diagnosis of CP by assessing children in high-risk out-patient clinics using novel and specific examinations. We would also like to improve our ability to predict who will need help with learning, language or other non-motor outcomes. This study is being conducted at several hospitals in Ireland, including Cork University Maternity Hospital (CUMH), The Rotunda Hospital and the Coombe Women and Infants Hospital. It is being coordinated by the In4kids network and will be conducted in the INFANT Centre\u002F University College Cork (UCC). The study has been funded by Research Ireland and the Cerebral Palsy Foundation, USA.",[174,29,373,374,375,376,377,378,379,380],"Cerebral Palsy Children","High-risk Infants","Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","Motor Impairment","Cognitive Development","HIE - Hypoxic - Ischemic Encephalopathy","Preterm","Prematurity; Extreme",[174,382,383,384,385,386,387],"High-Risk Infant Follow-up","Motor Difficulty","Intellectual Delay","Cognitive Impairment","Hypoxic--Ischaemic Encephalopathy","Prematurity","2026-05-08",{"date":328,"type":40},{"date":391,"type":40},"2025-03-21",{"date":393,"type":23},"2030-07-31",{"name":395,"class":47},"University College Cork",4,{"id":398,"slug":399,"hasResults":12,"nctId":400,"briefTitle":401,"officialTitle":402,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":403,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":81,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":404,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":406,"briefSummary":407,"conditions":408,"keywords":410,"overallStatus":64,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":414,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":415,"startDateStruct":416,"completionDateStruct":418,"leadSponsor":420,"locationsCount":98},"100640856","transcutaneous-auricular-vagus-nerve-stimulation-as-a-treatment-for-musculoskeletal-pain-in-cerebral-palsy-100640856","NCT07585292","Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Treatment for Musculoskeletal Pain in Cerebral Palsy","Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS) for the Treatment of Chronic Musculoskeletal (MSK) Pain in Adults With Cerebral Palsy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of cerebral palsy\n* Age ≥18 years\n* Chronic musculoskeletal pain present for ≥1 year\n* Moderate or greater pain severity (≥4\u002F10 on Numeric Pain Rating Scale)\n* Stable pain and\u002For anti-inflammatory medication dosing for ≥6 weeks\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Cardiovascular disease\n* Pacemaker or implanted electrical device\n* Cerebral shunt\n* Pregnancy or intent to become pregnant\n* Current infection or open wounds at electrode sites",{"count":405,"type":23},32,[26],"This randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial will evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 30-day home-based transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) intervention in adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and chronic musculoskeletal pain. Participants will be randomized to receive either active taVNS targeting the auricular branch of the vagus nerve or sham stimulation delivered to the earlobe. The primary outcomes are changes in musculoskeletal pain severity and pain interference, as well as safety assessed through treatment-emergent adverse events. Exploratory outcomes include health-related quality of life, depression, fatigue, spasticity, systemic inflammatory biomarkers, and blinding success.",[29,409],"Musculoskeletal Pain",[411,412,413,33],"vagus nerve stimulation","musculoskeletal pain","taVNS","2026-05-07",{"date":328,"type":40},{"date":417,"type":23},"2026-10-01",{"date":419,"type":23},"2029-05-31",{"name":421,"class":47},"London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute OR Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's",{"id":423,"slug":424,"hasResults":12,"nctId":425,"briefTitle":426,"officialTitle":426,"acronym":427,"eligibilityCriteria":428,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":429,"maxAge":273,"enrollmentInfo":430,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":431,"briefSummary":432,"conditions":433,"keywords":436,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":447,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":448,"startDateStruct":449,"completionDateStruct":451,"leadSponsor":453,"locationsCount":98},"100612371","complex-rehabilitation-technology-enabled-physical-activity-for-children-with-motor-delays-via-telehealth-in-natural-environments-100612371","NCT07252713","Complex Rehabilitation Technology Enabled Physical Activity for Children With Motor Delays Via Telehealth in Natural Environments","CP-MOVES","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Child age 1-6 years with CP or other severe motor delay (GMFCS IV-V);\n* Unable to stand without external support;\n* Parent willing and able to participate;\n* Internet access for telehealth;\n* Live within 50 miles of lab or willing to travel to OSU for pre and post testing and stander provision\n* One parent is fluent in English.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Inability to participate in telehealth\n* Parent\u002Fcaregiver unable to participate","1 Year",{"count":83,"type":23},[26],"The primary goal of CP-MOVES is to evaluate 1) the preliminary efficacy of a telehealth-delivered, parent coaching intervention in the use of adaptive standers, on physical activity, sleep, and endurance in young children with severe motor delays and 2) on physical activity, sedentary time, resting heart rate, and perceived stress in parents.\n\nThe main questions the study aims to answer include:\n\n1. Do measures of physiological fitness and sleep in children with severe motor delays (i.e., unable to stand without support) change after a therapist-directed, parent-delivered intervention using telehealth and adaptive standers?\n2. Do parents report any changes in their child's endurance, participation, or quality of life OR parent stress following intervention?\n\nChildren ages 1-6 years old with severe motor delay and one parent will:\n\n1. Complete three 30 minute sessions of standing in an adapted stander per week for 8 weeks. One session per week will be completed with a physical therapist, delivered through telehealth and two sessions per week will be completed as a home program with the parent and child (no therapist or telehealth).\n2. Wear activity tracker sensors on the wrist(s) and waist for one-week before and after treatment.\n3. Complete questionnaires about the child's endurance, participation, and quality of life and the parent's stress, before and after treatment.\n4. Complete an assessment of postural control before and after treatment.\n5. Complete an post-treatment interview",[29,434,435],"Motor Disability","Motor Delay",[437,438,439,440,441,442,443,444,445,446],"Assistive Device","Stander","Physical Activity","Sedentary","Parent","Physical Therapy","Rehabilitation","Digital Health","Telehealth","Wearable Sensors","2026-05-06",{"date":414,"type":40},{"date":450,"type":40},"2026-02-19",{"date":452,"type":23},"2026-12",{"name":454,"class":47},"Ohio State University",{"id":456,"slug":457,"hasResults":12,"nctId":458,"briefTitle":459,"officialTitle":460,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":461,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":462,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":463,"briefSummary":464,"conditions":465,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":64,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":467,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":468,"startDateStruct":469,"completionDateStruct":471,"leadSponsor":473,"locationsCount":98},"100640588","combined-effect-of-fes-and-fct-in-cerebral-palsy-100640588","NCT07573891","Combined Effect of FES And FCT in Cerebral Palsy","Combined Effect of Functional Electrical Stimulation and Functional Circuit Training on Postural Stability, Balance, And Functional Mobility in Cerebral Palsy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of cerebral palsy\n* GMFSC level 1 to 3\n* Ability to follow simple instructions\n* Ability to follow physical therapy commands\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* • Severe cognitive impairment\n\n  * Uncontrolled seizures\n  * Recent lower limb surgery\n  * Botulinum injections",{"count":298,"type":23},[26],"To determine the combined effect of functional electrical stimulation and functional circuit training on postural stability, balance, and functional mobility in cerebral palsy",[29,466],"Balance Assessment","2026-05-04",{"date":414,"type":40},{"date":470,"type":23},"2026-05",{"date":472,"type":23},"2026-08-15",{"name":474,"class":47},"Riphah International University",{"id":476,"slug":477,"hasResults":12,"nctId":478,"briefTitle":479,"officialTitle":480,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":481,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":273,"maxAge":20,"enrollmentInfo":482,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":483,"briefSummary":484,"conditions":485,"keywords":488,"overallStatus":64,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":467,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":490,"startDateStruct":491,"completionDateStruct":493,"leadSponsor":495,"locationsCount":98},"100639612","tdcs-and-bi-manual-training-in-cerebral-palsy-100639612","NCT07573865","tDCS and Bi-manual Training in Cerebral Palsy","AI-Assisted Anodal tDCS Combined With Bimanual Motor Training in Children With Unilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Pilot Feasibility Study at Riphah Hospital","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Children aged 6-17 years with unilateral spastic CP\n2. Wrist extension ≥ 20°, MCP\u002FPIP joints ≥ 10°\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Any other neurological disorders\n2. An orthopedic condition affecting the participation in UE activities.\n3. Unable to understand the command.",{"count":109,"type":23},[26],"Unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP) is the most common subtype of cerebral palsy and significantly limits upper limb function. Traditional therapies such as constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) and bimanual intensive training offer limited benefits. Pharmacologic treatments often produce behavioral side effects and do not address underlying neuro-plastic deficits. There is an unmet need for safe, effective, non-invasive interventions targeting motor recovery through cortical modulation.",[29,486,487],"Unilateral Cerebral Palsy","Spastic Cerebral Palsy (sCP)",[174,306,489],"tDCS",{"date":414,"type":40},{"date":492,"type":23},"2026-04-30",{"date":494,"type":23},"2026-08-31",{"name":474,"class":47},{"id":497,"slug":498,"hasResults":12,"nctId":499,"briefTitle":500,"officialTitle":501,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":502,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":195,"maxAge":55,"enrollmentInfo":503,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":504,"briefSummary":505,"conditions":506,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":64,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":507,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":508,"startDateStruct":510,"completionDateStruct":512,"leadSponsor":514,"locationsCount":4},"100631090","the-effectiveness-of-neurodevelopmental-treatment-bobath-and-functional-physiotherapy-in-children-with-cerebral-palsy-100631090","NCT07496151","The Effectiveness of Neurodevelopmental Treatment (Bobath) and Functional Physiotherapy in Children With Cerebral Palsy.","The Effectiveness of Neurodevelopmental Treatment (Bobath) and Functional Physiotherapy on Upper Arm Strength and Trunk Control in Children With Cerebral Palsy.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 4-12 years\n* Diagnosis of Cerebral Palsy\n* Ability to understand simple commands (cooperative child)\n* Classification in GMFCS (Levels I-IV)\n* Physical therapy interventions in Pediatric Physiotherapy Laboratories throughout Greece\n* Signed parental consent within one week of notification\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Botulinum toxin (Botox) injection within the last 3 months\n* Selective dorsal rhizotomy within the last 1 year\n* Uncontrolled epilepsy\n* Co-existing pathologies affecting the trunk and functionality\n* Age outside the range of 4-12 years",{"count":22,"type":23},[26],"Cerebral palsy is one of the most common causes of physical disability in childhood and is often associated with impaired trunk control, reduced upper limb strength, and limitations in functional mobility and daily activities. Trunk control is essential for postural stability and directly influences upper limb function and the ability to perform goal-directed tasks.\n\nNeurodevelopmental Treatment (NDT\u002FBobath) and functional physiotherapy are widely used approaches in pediatric neurorehabilitation. NDT\u002FBobath focuses on facilitating postural control and promoting efficient movement patterns, while functional physiotherapy emphasizes task-specific training and the improvement of motor performance through meaningful activities. However, evidence comparing the effectiveness of these approaches on trunk control and upper arm strength remains limited.\n\nThis study aims to investigate and compare the effectiveness of Neurodevelopmental Treatment (NDT\u002FBobath) and functional physiotherapy on upper arm strength and trunk control in children with cerebral palsy. Participants will be allocated to different intervention groups, with each group receiving one of the two therapeutic approaches.\n\nAdditionally, wearable Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) will be used to provide objective and quantitative assessment of trunk movement under both static (sitting) and dynamic (functional movement) conditions.\n\nWe hypothesize that both intervention groups will demonstrate improvements in trunk control and upper arm strength, with potential differences in the magnitude of improvement between the two approaches. Furthermore, IMU-based measurements are expected to detect subtle changes in movement quality that may not be captured by traditional clinical assessment tools.\n\nThe findings of this study may contribute to a better understanding of the comparative effectiveness of commonly used therapeutic approaches and support evidence-based decision-making in pediatric rehabilitation.",[29],"2026-04-28",{"date":509,"type":40},"2026-05-05",{"date":511,"type":23},"2026-04-15",{"date":513,"type":23},"2026-12-30",{"name":515,"class":47},"University of Thessaly",{"id":517,"slug":518,"hasResults":12,"nctId":519,"briefTitle":520,"officialTitle":521,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":522,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":523,"maxAge":20,"enrollmentInfo":524,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":526,"briefSummary":527,"conditions":528,"keywords":529,"overallStatus":64,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":535,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":536,"startDateStruct":537,"completionDateStruct":538,"leadSponsor":540,"locationsCount":98},"100625549","metacognitive-strategy-training-intervention-for-transition-age-youth-with-cerebral-palsy-100625549","NCT07424079","Metacognitive Strategy Training Intervention for Transition-Age Youth With Cerebral Palsy","The Feasibility of Remote Pathways and Resources for Engagement and Participation (PREP) for Transition-Age Youth With Cerebral Palsy and Primary Caregivers","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Youth aged 13 -17 with CP and one primary parent, guardian, or caregiver aged 18 or older\n* Youth ability to self-mobilize with or without adaptive equipment measured by the Gross Motor Function Scale-Expanded \\& Revised (GMFCS-E\\&R) Levels I - III\n* Effective youth communication measured by Communication Function Classification System (CFCS) Levels I - III\n* Ability to read, speak, and write English\n* Willingness to participate in all aspects of the proposed study.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Youth with profound intellectual disability\n* Youth with severe mental health conditions\n* Youth who engage in community-based transition services redundant with remote PREP","13 Years",{"count":525,"type":23},24,[26],"This exploratory randomized controlled trial will examine the feasibility and preliminary effects of a remote PREP intervention compared to an attention control for transition-age youth with cerebral palsy and their caregivers. Youth-caregiver dyads will complete remote baseline assessments and be randomized to a 12-week intervention or attention control, with weekly virtual sessions. Feasibility outcomes will be primary, with secondary outcomes exploring preliminary efficacy. Post-intervention assessments and optional interviews will be conducted remotely to capture outcomes and participant experiences.",[29],[174,530,531,532,533,534],"Occupational Therapy","Adolescents","Caregivers","Transition Planning","Participation","2026-04-27",{"date":207,"type":40},{"date":233,"type":23},{"date":539,"type":23},"2027-02-28",{"name":541,"class":47},"University of Missouri-Columbia",{"id":543,"slug":544,"hasResults":12,"nctId":545,"briefTitle":546,"officialTitle":547,"acronym":548,"eligibilityCriteria":549,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":550,"minAge":165,"maxAge":551,"enrollmentInfo":552,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":554,"briefSummary":555,"conditions":556,"keywords":562,"overallStatus":64,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":564,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":565,"startDateStruct":567,"completionDateStruct":569,"leadSponsor":570,"locationsCount":4},"100635050","virtual-reality-training-using-wii-fit-in-children-with-cerebral-palsy-100635050","NCT07547644","Virtual Reality Training Using Wii Fit in Children With Cerebral Palsy","EFFECTS OF VIRTUAL REALITY TRAINING USING WII FIT ON BALANCE, GROSS MOTOR FUNCTION, AND AGILITY IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY -A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL","VR in CP","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* ● Children aged 7 to 14 years\n\n  * Diagnosed cases of spastic diplegic CP, characterized by bilateral lower limb involvement\n  * Classified under GMFCS levels I to II.\n  * Having mild to moderate spasticity on Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) scores ranging from 1, +1 or 2\n  * Mild level intellectual disability according to their health records\n  * Medically stable with no acute illness or uncontrolled comorbidities\n  * No major changes in medication or therapy planned during the study period.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* ● Orthopedic surgery or botulinum toxin injections in the past 16 months\n\n  * Hearing or visual impaired .\n  * Uncontrolled epilepsy or seizures\n  * Severe attention deficits or psychological issues interfering with task engagement such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) will be excluded from the study .","FEMALE","14 Years",{"count":553,"type":23},56,[26],"The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether virtual reality (VR) training using the Nintendo Wii Fit can improve balance, gross motor function, and agility in children aged 7-14 years with spastic cerebral palsy (GMFCS Levels I-II). The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\nDoes Wii Fit-based VR training improve balance more than conventional physiotherapy?\n\nDoes VR training enhance gross motor skills such as standing, walking, running, and jumping?\n\nDoes VR training improve agility in children with cerebral palsy?\n\nDoes VR training increase enjoyment and engagement during therapy?\n\nResearchers will compare Wii Fit-based VR training with conventional physiotherapy to determine which approach leads to greater improvements in motor function.\n\nParticipants will:\n\nAttend 18 sessions over 6 weeks (3 sessions per week).\n\nPerform either VR-based exercises using the Wii Fit Balance Board or traditional physiotherapy exercises.\n\nComplete pre- and post-intervention assessments using the Pediatric Balance Scale, GMFM-88 (domains D and E), BOT-2 agility subtest, and the PACES enjoyment scale.\n\nThis study aims to explore a fun, cost-effective, and engaging rehabilitation strategy that may improve functional independence and overall quality of life for children with cerebral palsy.",[29,557,558,559,560,561],"Virtual Reality","Balance","Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Level I,II","Gross Motor Functions","Agility",[33,253,255,563],"GMFM","2026-04-16",{"date":566,"type":40},"2026-04-23",{"date":568,"type":23},"2026-04-25",{"date":472,"type":23},{"name":571,"class":47},"Ziauddin University",{"id":573,"slug":574,"hasResults":12,"nctId":575,"briefTitle":576,"officialTitle":577,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":578,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":80,"maxAge":246,"enrollmentInfo":579,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":581,"briefSummary":582,"conditions":583,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":584,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":585,"startDateStruct":587,"completionDateStruct":588,"leadSponsor":590,"locationsCount":98},"100634415","safety-and-effectiveness-of-bambini-kids-robot-assisted-gait-training-ragt-in-children-with-cerebral-palsy-100634415","NCT07539389","Safety and Effectiveness of Bambini Kids Robot-Assisted Gait Training (RAGT) in Children With Cerebral Palsy","Safety and Effectiveness of Bambini Kids Robot-Assisted Gait Training in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Clinical Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nSubjects eligible for participation in this clinical investigation shall meet all of the following criteria.\n\n* Patient diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy\n* Age from 2 to 10 years old\n* Classified as Levels II to IV according to GMFCS\n* Manual Muscle Testing, MMT score of 0 to 4\n* Modified Ashworth Scale, MAS score of 3 and under\n* Subjects with sufficient cognitive function to comply with study procedures\n* Subjects with adequate upper limb function required for device use and study procedures\n* Subjects who meet the physical requirements for use of the medical device as defined by the manufacturer\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nSubjects meeting any of the following criteria are not eligible for participation in the clinical investigation.\n\n* Subjects who do not meet the criteria of age, height, weight, body dimensions, or joint range of motion\n* Subjects with skin lesions, pressure sores, infections, or other conditions at area where device touches and makes difficult to use device\n* Classified as Levels V according to GMFCS\n* Subjects with severe spasticity (MAS \\> 3), or those at risk of significant worsening of spasticity after training.\n* Subjects unable to maintain an upright standing position for at least 15 minutes (e.g., due to autonomic dysreflexia or orthostatic hypotension)\n* Subjects with significant cardiovascular disease or a history of myocardial infarction within the past 6 months\n* Subjects with medical conditions that are contraindications for use of the medical device as defined by the manufacturer.\n* Subjects for whom weight-bearing, standing, or gait training is medically contraindicated (e.g., fractures, severe osteoporosis, severe joint deformity, or joint instability)\n* Subjects who have received treatments affecting muscle tone within the past 4 months, such as botulinum toxin injections or baclofen pump implantation\n* Subjects who experience adverse events or undesirable side effects during the clinical investigation that make continued participation difficult\n* Subjects whom the investigator judges to be unsuitable for participation or continuation in the clinical investigation.",{"count":580,"type":23},30,[26],"Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common cause of gait impairment in children, leading to limitations in mobility and daily activities. Although conventional physical therapy is widely used, it has limitations in delivering consistent and intensive training. Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) has emerged as a promising approach to provide repetitive, high-intensity, and task-specific training, with potential benefits in gait function and motor performance.\n\nThe Bambini Kids exoskeleton is a pediatric robotic device designed to assist lower-limb movements, including hip, knee, and ankle joints, to facilitate more natural gait patterns.\n\nThis study aims to evaluate the safety and clinical performance of Bambini Kids in children with cerebral palsy and to generate clinical evidence to support its use in real-world rehabilitation settings.",[29],"2026-04-13",{"date":586,"type":40},"2026-04-20",{"date":584,"type":23},{"date":589,"type":23},"2026-12-31",{"name":591,"class":592},"COSMO ROBOTICS CO., Ltd","INDUSTRY",{"id":594,"slug":595,"hasResults":12,"nctId":596,"briefTitle":597,"officialTitle":598,"acronym":599,"eligibilityCriteria":600,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":195,"maxAge":20,"enrollmentInfo":601,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":602,"briefSummary":603,"conditions":604,"keywords":605,"overallStatus":64,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":613,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":614,"startDateStruct":615,"completionDateStruct":616,"leadSponsor":617,"locationsCount":98},"100598266","effectiveness-of-neuromuscular-electrical-stimulation-added-to-oral-motor-therapy-in-cerebral-palsy-100598266","NCT07069257","Effectiveness of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Added to Oral Motor Therapy in Cerebral Palsy","Effectiveness of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Added to Oral Motor Therapy in Children With Cerebral Palsy Experiencing Drooling Problems: A Randomized Controlled Trial","NOMES-CP","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of cerebral palsy (unilateral\u002Fbilateral spastic, ataxic, dyskinetic, or mixed type)\n* Presence of drooling control problems\n* Age between 4 and 17 years\n* Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels 2, 3, 4, or 5\n* Stable drooling severity for at least one month prior to enrollment\n* Drooling Severity and Frequency Scale (DSFS) score of 3 or higher\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of dysphagia\n* Use of medications affecting drooling within the past 72 hours\n* Upper respiratory tract infection and\u002For salivary gland infection during the study period\n* History of botulinum toxin injection to the salivary glands",{"count":580,"type":23},[26],"This randomized, controlled, single-blind trial aims to investigate the effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) combined with oral motor therapy in reducing drooling severity among children with cerebral palsy. Participants will be allocated to an intervention group (oral motor therapy plus NMES), a control group (oral motor therapy alone) and a sham group (oral motor therapy with placebo NMES).",[29,88],[174,88,606,607,608,609,610,611,612],"Sialorrhea","Oral Motor Therapy","Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation","Pediatric Rehabilitation","Ultrasound","Masseter Muscle","Orbicularis Oris Muscle","2026-04-10",{"date":511,"type":40},{"date":207,"type":23},{"date":333,"type":23},{"name":618,"class":47},"Aslinur Keles Ercisli, MD, PhD",{"id":620,"slug":621,"hasResults":12,"nctId":622,"briefTitle":623,"officialTitle":624,"acronym":625,"eligibilityCriteria":626,"healthyVolunteers":365,"sex":18,"minAge":165,"maxAge":627,"enrollmentInfo":628,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":325,"phases":4,"briefSummary":629,"conditions":630,"keywords":634,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":642,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":643,"startDateStruct":645,"completionDateStruct":647,"leadSponsor":649,"locationsCount":98},"100621328","immersive-aot-multisensory-stimulation-and-neurophysiological-correlates-in-children-with-cerebral-palsy-and-typical-development---a-pilot-study-100621328","NCT07369193","Immersive AOT: Multisensory Stimulation and Neurophysiological Correlates in Children With Cerebral Palsy and Typical Development - A Pilot Study","Immersive AOT: Multisensory Stimulation and Neurophysiological Correlates - A Pilot Study","ImmersiveAOT","Study Group: Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Confirmed diagnosis of cerebral palsy, documented by clinical history and instrumental examinations;\n* Age between 7 and 25 years at the time of recruitment;\n* At least one verbal or nonverbal intellectual functioning index \\>= 70, to ensure understanding and compliance with the tasks required.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Severe sensory disorders that compromise the feasibility of the study;\n* Neuropsychiatric comorbidity that precludes participation in the study.\n\nControl group: Inclusion Criteria\n\n* Age between 7 and 25 years at the time of recruitment;\n* Absence of intellectual disability, assessed through age-appropriate versions of the Raven's Progressive Matrices (Coloured Progressive Matrices for children up to 11 years; Standard Progressive Matrices for participants aged 12 years and older), yielding scores within the normative range and used to estimate non-verbal fluid intelligence;\n* Age-appropriate academic performance with no reports of significant learning difficulties, as verified through parental interview;\n* Absence of known neurological or psychiatric disorders, confirmed through parental interview;\n* Absence of motor impairments, defined as scoring above the 25th percentile on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition (MABC-2).","25 Years",{"count":22,"type":23},"The discovery of the Mirror Neuron System (MNS) has promoted the development of rehabilitation techniques such as Action Observation Treatment (AOT) and Motor Imagery (MI). These are based on the principle that neural circuits active during execution, also activate during the observation or imagination of movements. These techniques have been found to be effective in several clinical populations including children with Cerebral Palsy (CP), the most common childhood-onset motor disorder. We hypothesize that a multimodal version of AOT, integrating not only visual stimuli (standard practice) but also auditory and tactile stimuli, could further enhance the activation of the MNS. In fact, everyday actions naturally involve multiple sensory channels, and evidence indicate that audio-visual action observation activates the MNS more intensely than visual stimuli alone, thus offering a potential improvement for CP rehabilitation.\n\nThe primary aim of this observational pilot study, conducted at IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, is to verify whether a multisensory (=immersive) AO session - combining visual, auditory, and tactile stimuli - produces greater activation of the MNS, than a traditional session (visual AO alone). Neural correlates will be measured through high-density Electroencephalography (hdEEG), with a specific focus on the modulation of the sensorimotor mu rhythm. Twenty children and adolescents with CP, aged 7-25 years, and 20 typically developing (TD) aged-matched peers will be recruited in the study. The study also aims to assess the level of participants' attention during stimuli presentation through eye tracking, and to verify whether immersive AO can influence MI abilities, measured through specific tasks and questionnaires (i.e., Motor Imagery Questionnaire for Children (MIQ-C, aged 7-12) and the Motor Imagery Questionnaire - 3 (MIQ-3) for adolescent). In an initial phase of the study both questionnaires will be the validated in a separate sample of 120 TD Italian children and 120 Italian adolescents or adults. The absence of intellectual disability will be assessed using the age-appropriate version of Raven's Progressive Matrices test.\n\nEach participant will undergo two EEG sessions: the immersive session will consist of watching first-person videos accompanied by auditory stimuli consistent with the action and tactile stimuli provided by TouchDIVER Pro haptic gloves (Weart, CE-marked device), suitably adapted for the paediatric population. The traditional session will consist of watching videos without sounds or any tactile additional stimulus. The two sessions will be performed in a in random order. In both sessions, after the observation phase, participants will be asked to perform or imagine the same actions presented in the videos. During observation, eye movements and gaze behavior will be monitored using an eye tracking system. Throughout each session, cortical activity will be recorded using a 128-channel hdEEG net. The sessions will be video-recorded to accurately monitor participants motor behavior, response times, and compliance with the protocol.\n\nAt the end of each EEG session, participants will be administered the MIQ-C or MIQ-3 questionnaire and a short task to assess MI abilities. In this task, participants will watch some of the videos previously used during the EEG session and will then be asked to imagine the same action. In this case, their imagery will be interrupted at specific time points, and they will be asked to select, from two images, the moment of the action corresponding to the point at which they were interrupted.\n\nData analysis will examine within- and between-groups differences for the immersive AO vs the traditional AO. Correlation analysis will be also performed between neurophysiological data, attentional data, questionnaires, MI responses and standardized clinical assessments ( for the CP group), in order to understand how the participants' motor and cognitive abilities influence the activation of the circuits involved in the experimental tasks.",[29,631,632,633],"CP (Cerebral Palsy)","Motor Imagery","Action Observation",[635,636,174,632,637,638,639,640,641],"Immersive","AOT","haptic gloves","eye-tracker","Mirror Neuron System","EEG","multisensory","2026-04-01",{"date":644,"type":40},"2026-04-02",{"date":646,"type":40},"2026-01-19",{"date":648,"type":23},"2027-06",{"name":650,"class":47},"IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris",{"id":652,"slug":653,"hasResults":12,"nctId":654,"briefTitle":655,"officialTitle":655,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":656,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":80,"maxAge":273,"enrollmentInfo":657,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":658,"briefSummary":659,"conditions":660,"keywords":665,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":671,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":672,"startDateStruct":673,"completionDateStruct":675,"leadSponsor":677,"locationsCount":98},"100587210","effect-of-task-specific-electrical-stimulation-on-upper-limb-gross-motor-skills-in-children-with-spastic-quadriplegia-100587210","NCT06925425","Effect of Task Specific Electrical Stimulation on Upper Limb Gross Motor Skills in Children With Spastic Quadriplegia","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Their age will be ranged from 2 to 6 years. Their grade of spasticity will be from 1+ to 2 according to Modified Ashworth scale (Baunsgaard etal., 2016). (APPENDIX II).\n2. They will be on Level III and IV according to Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS) (Palisano et al., 2008).(APPENDIX III).\n3. Parents\u002Flegals representatives consenting to their child's participation 5 - Diagnosed with Spastic Quadriplegic cerebral palsy\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Previous neurological or orthopedic surgery in the upperextremities.\n2. Fixed deformity in the joints of upper limb. 3- Severe hearing and visual defect.\n\n4-Irregular attendance at assessments or therapy sessions",{"count":580,"type":23},[26],"Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive lesion of the brain occurring before 2 years of age resulting in disorders of posture and movement.( Ostensjo S, 2004)( Keles MN, 2018). Although non- progressive, motor impairments develop as the child grows leading to activity and participation restriction.\n\nFor children with CP, body function and structure impairments include changes in muscle tone and strength that affect the ability to control movement, specifically in regard to postural responses, selective control, regulation of activity, ability to learn unique movements, and inappropriate sequencing.(Ross SA,2007)( Ostensjo S, 2004) .\n\nLack of proper loading and maladaptive muscle pulls over time causes the skeletal system to adapt to positions of malalignment, malformation, and overall bone weakness (Beckung E, 2007) (Elbasan B, 2018).\n\nThese changes lead to delays in the natural progression of gross motor skills. As the child falls behind in motor function, they also fall behind in cognitive stimulation and development.( Akaya KU, 2018) . Understanding the anatomical and physiological implications that CP has on the developing child is necessary for physical therapists to treat this population, especially when utilizing electrical stimulation.\n\nSpastic quadriplegia Is a type of cerebral palsy that affects all four limbs and typically involves significant motor impairment. It results from brain damage that occurs before, during, or shortly after birth, affecting the areas of the brain responsible for movement and coordination.\n\nElectrical stimulation is a mode of physical therapy that can be utilized in the treatment of various nerve and muscle injuries, in addition to patients with acute and chronic pain. It involves an electrical pulse applied to a muscle or nerve that activates excitable tissue utilizing internal or external electrodes to build muscle strength, reduce pain, as well as create or support limb movement (Kerr C, 2007).\n\nTask-specific electrical stimulation (TASES) is a therapeutic technique used primarily in rehabilitation settings to enhance motor function. The primary aim of TASES is to facilitate movement and improve motor learning by applying electrical stimulation to specific muscles during targeted tasks.",[29,661,662,663,664],"Spastic Cerebral Palsy","Quadriplegic Cerebral Palsy","Upper Limb Function","Gross Motor Delay",[666,667,668,669,670],"TASES","Cerebral palsy","Gross motor skills","Upper limb","Task specific electrical stimulation","2026-03-27",{"date":642,"type":40},{"date":674,"type":40},"2025-05-01",{"date":676,"type":23},"2026-03-29",{"name":678,"class":47},"Kafrelsheikh University"]