[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"convergence-insufficiency\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:convergence-insufficiency":29},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,6,0,[8,49,81,108,134,161],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":15,"eligibilityCriteria":16,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":20,"enrollmentInfo":21,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":25,"briefSummary":27,"conditions":28,"keywords":32,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":37,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":38,"startDateStruct":41,"completionDateStruct":43,"leadSponsor":45,"locationsCount":48},"100524220","eye-recovery-automation-for-post-injury-dysfunction-irapid-100524220",false,"NCT06105892","Eye Recovery Automation for Post Injury Dysfunction (iRAPID)","Eye Recovery Automation for Post Injury Dysfunction","iRAPID","Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) Cohort Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. are aged 18 - 40;\n2. have suffered a mTBI according to VA\u002FDepartment of Defense (DoD) criteria with documented evidence of alteration of consciousness (AOC) \\\u003C 24 hours or loss of consciousness (LOC) less than 30 minutes;\n3. were injured between 1 month and 15 years ago;\n4. received a Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score of between 13 and 15 upon emergency department (ED) admission, if available;\n5. experienced less than 24 hours of post-traumatic amnesia (PTA), if any;\n6. have ongoing post-concussive symptoms as evidenced by a score of 18 or greater or a score of 2 or greater on question 6 (vision problems, blurring, trouble seeing) on the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI);\n7. have ongoing vision-related symptoms as evidenced by a score of 31 or higher on the Brain Injury Vision Symptom Survey (BIVSS);\n8. have PTCI as evidenced by obtaining a score of 21 or higher on the convergence insufficiency symptom survey (CISS), a specific measure of convergence insufficiency;\n9. are fluent in English; and\n10. have been on stable doses of any vision-altering medications for the past 2 months.\n11. Stereopsis of 500 sec arc using Randot Stereo Test.\n12. Exophoria at near 4 prism-diopter (PD) or greater than magnitude at distance\n13. Near point of convergence (NPC) \\> 5 cm\n14. Convergence amplitude at near \\\u003C 15PD break or the Sheard criterion not met\n\nControl Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. are aged 18 - 40;\n2. CISS score of 20 or lower;\n3. near point of convergence (NPC) \\\u003C 6cm; and\n4. positive fusional range \\>15 prism diopters.\n5. Stereopsis of 500 sec arc using Randot Stereo Test.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. prior history of other neurological diseases, so as to reduce the risk of confounding effects on vision;\n2. history of psychosis, as there are known visual performance findings associated with psychosis;\n3. history of current or recent (within two years) substance\u002Falcohol dependence, to reduce confounding effects on visual function\n4. recent medical hospitalization (within three weeks), to reduce risk of rehospitalization during the study;\n5. any condition that would prevent the participant from completing the protocol;\n6. appointment of a legal representative, to avoid coercion of a vulnerable population;\n7. any ongoing litigation related to TBI, to prevent interference with legal proceedings;\n8. membership in an identified vulnerable population, including minors and prisoners, so as to prevent coercion.\n9. Previous vergence therapy, orthoptics, home-based therapy, etc.\n10. Amblyopia or constant strabismus or strabismus surgery.\n11. High refractive error: Myopia ≥ 6.0PD sphere; Hyperopia ≥ 5.0PD sphere; Astigmatism ≥ 4.0PD; Anisometropia \\>1.5PD difference between eyes; Prior refractive surgery.\n12. Manifest or latent nystagmus evident clinically.\n13. Systemic diseases that affect accommodation, vergence, or ocular motility (i.e. multiple sclerosis, Graves' thyroid disease, myasthenia gravis, diabetes, chemotherapy or Parkinson disease).",true,"ALL","18 Years","40 Years",{"count":22,"type":23},100,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[26],"NA","This study will test a portable virtual reality (VR) system with integrated eye tracking called Virtual Eye Rotation Vision Exercises (VERVE). The proposed VERVE platform will deliver vergence therapy in an automated manner. This research will involve 30 non-traumatic brain injury (TBI) binocularly normal (BNC) Veterans and 50 post-traumatic convergence insufficiency (PTCI) Veterans who will undergo Active and Sham therapy (equally divided groups) to determine the effectiveness of VERVE vergence therapy.",[29,30,31],"Convergence Insufficiency","Traumatic Brain Injury","Concussion, Mild",[33,34,35,29,30],"Virtual Reality","Cross-Sectional","Therapy","RECRUITING","2026-04-09",{"date":39,"type":40},"2026-04-14","ACTUAL",{"date":42,"type":40},"2023-10-23",{"date":44,"type":23},"2027-09-20",{"name":46,"class":47},"New Jersey Institute of Technology","OTHER",1,{"id":50,"slug":51,"hasResults":11,"nctId":52,"briefTitle":53,"officialTitle":54,"acronym":55,"eligibilityCriteria":56,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":57,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":58,"briefSummary":59,"conditions":60,"keywords":63,"overallStatus":71,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":72,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":73,"startDateStruct":75,"completionDateStruct":77,"leadSponsor":79,"locationsCount":48},"100627749","effectiveness-of-osteopathy-as-an-adjunct-to-optometric-vision-therapy-in-vergence-disorders-100627749","NCT07452679","Effectiveness of Osteopathy as an Adjunct to Optometric Vision Therapy in Vergence Disorders","Effectiveness of Osteopathy as an Adjunct to Optometric Vision Therapy in Subjects With Vergence Disorders: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial","OSTEOVERG","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adult workers (≥18 years) whose regular occupational duties involve screen-based work.\n* Presence of symptoms consistent with binocular vision dysfunction, defined as a Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS-V15) score ≥21 at baseline screening.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Severe ocular disease or systemic conditions affecting vision (e.g., age-related macular degeneration, retinopathies, glaucoma, keratoconus).\n* Neurological disorders affecting ocular motility or visual function (e.g., multiple sclerosis; cranial nerve III, IV, V, or VI palsy).\n* Manifest ocular deviation not suitable for management with visual therapy.\n* Inadequate refractive correction or prism requirement \\>10 prism diopters (\\>10Δ).\n* Refractive surgery (LASIK\u002FPRK), cataract surgery, or any ocular surgery likely to influence binocular vision within the past 6 months.\n* Use of medications known to affect ocular motility or accommodative function.\n* Cognitive impairment or neurological conditions interfering with adherence to therapy instructions.\n* Suppression or severe amblyopia limiting response to visual therapy.\n* Best-corrected visual acuity \\\u003C0.5 decimal (equivalent to worse than 20\u002F40) at distance or near.",{"count":22,"type":23},[26],"Vergence disorders are common binocular vision conditions that can cause symptoms such as eyestrain, blurred vision, headaches, and difficulty maintaining clear vision during near tasks. These symptoms are particularly frequent in situations involving sustained near visual demand, such as prolonged use of digital devices, which is increasingly common in daily life.\n\nOptometric vision therapy is considered the reference treatment for vergence disorders. However, not all individuals respond in the same way, and some continue to experience symptoms despite appropriate treatment. For this reason, adjunct therapeutic approaches are being explored to improve clinical outcomes.\n\nThe purpose of this study is to evaluate whether osteopathic manual therapy, when used as an adjunct to optometric vision therapy, provides additional benefits compared with vision therapy alone or vision therapy combined with a sham osteopathic intervention. This randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial will compare three parallel groups and will assess changes in vergence function, oculomotor performance measured by video-oculography, and symptom improvement related to vergence disorders.",[61,62,29],"Vergence Disorders","Binocular Vision Dysfunction",[64,65,66,67,68,69,70],"Optometric Vision Therapy","Osteopathy","Sham Intervention","Video-oculography","Ocular Motility","Visual Symptoms","Randomized Controlled Trial","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-03-21",{"date":74,"type":40},"2026-03-25",{"date":76,"type":23},"2026-04",{"date":78,"type":23},"2027-02",{"name":80,"class":47},"Jordi Zaragoza",{"id":82,"slug":83,"hasResults":11,"nctId":84,"briefTitle":85,"officialTitle":86,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":87,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":88,"enrollmentInfo":89,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":91,"briefSummary":93,"conditions":94,"keywords":95,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":98,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":99,"startDateStruct":101,"completionDateStruct":103,"leadSponsor":105,"locationsCount":48},"100584238","phase-1-home-based-vision-therapy-100584238","NCT06886737","Home-based Vision Therapy","Home-based Treatment of Binocular Eye Dysfunction in Veterans With Traumatic Brain Injury","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* U.S. Military Veteran\n* Place of residence within driving distance of Cleveland, OH\n* Clinical eye exam within 6 months prior to enrollment and since the most recent TBI (if applicable) and the onset of near vision symptoms (if applicable)\n* Best-corrected visual acuity 20\u002F25 or better in each eye\n* Convergence insufficiency (VR-NPC \\\u003C 32 deg)\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Neurological condition other than TBI that would affect convergence\n* History of strabismus, amblyopia, or other binocular vision issues prior to TBI","80 Years",{"count":90,"type":23},45,[92],"PHASE1","Post-concussive vision symptoms affect many Veterans who have experienced traumatic brain injury (TBI). One common issue is trouble with near vision, a problem that may persist long after the acute injury. Double vision or difficulty focusing on close objects can affect reading and depth perception. Poor reading can interfere with academic or work performance, and loss of near focusing can affect jobs that require fine motor tasks like machining and electrical work. Even having trouble using a smartphone can have a substantial impact on both work and social function. Near vision impairment after TBI is not well understood, and treatments are limited. The goal of this project is to investigate novel virtual-reality assessments and training games to improve the near vision diagnosis and home-based rehabilitation. Restoring normal near vision function could have a large impact on the fulfillment of Veterans' educational, career, and overall life goals.",[29],[96,97],"Vision, Binocular","Convergence, Ocular","2026-01-15",{"date":100,"type":40},"2026-01-20",{"date":102,"type":40},"2026-01-14",{"date":104,"type":23},"2028-09-30",{"name":106,"class":107},"VA Office of Research and Development","FED",{"id":109,"slug":110,"hasResults":11,"nctId":111,"briefTitle":112,"officialTitle":113,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":114,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":115,"enrollmentInfo":116,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":118,"briefSummary":119,"conditions":120,"keywords":121,"overallStatus":71,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":125,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":126,"startDateStruct":128,"completionDateStruct":130,"leadSponsor":132,"locationsCount":4},"100595731","effect-of-oculomotor-therapy-in-individuals-with-convergence-insufficiency-100595731","NCT07036263","Effect of Oculomotor Therapy in Individuals With Convergence Insufficiency","\"Effect of Oculomotor Therapy in Individuals With Convergence Insufficiency: A Blind Randomized Clinical Trial\"","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals diagnosed with convergence insufficiency (CI);\n* Aged between 18 and 60 years;\n* Physically active individuals;\n* Without cognitive impairments;\n* Without vestibular system impairments (e.g., dizziness).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson's, ALS);\n* Presence of dementia;\n* History of stroke;\n* Presence of vestibular disorders;\n* Systemic neuromuscular diseases;\n* Disabling musculoskeletal pain;\n* Diagnosis of diabetic polyneuropathy;\n* Use of joint prostheses;\n* Ongoing physical therapy treatment;\n* Lack of physical ability to perform the prescribed physical activities.","60 Years",{"count":117,"type":23},70,[26],"The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of oculomotor therapy in individuals with ocular convergence insufficiency.",[29],[122,123,124],"Convergence insufficiency","Postural control","Clinical trial","2025-06-23",{"date":127,"type":40},"2025-06-25",{"date":129,"type":23},"2025-08-01",{"date":131,"type":23},"2025-12-30",{"name":133,"class":47},"University of Nove de Julho",{"id":135,"slug":136,"hasResults":11,"nctId":137,"briefTitle":138,"officialTitle":139,"acronym":140,"eligibilityCriteria":141,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":142,"enrollmentInfo":143,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":144,"briefSummary":146,"conditions":147,"keywords":148,"overallStatus":71,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":153,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":154,"startDateStruct":156,"completionDateStruct":158,"leadSponsor":159,"locationsCount":4},"100581312","phase-2-natural-history-of-mtbi-related-convergence-insufficiency--effectiveness-of-vision-therapy-for-mtbi-related-ci-100581312","NCT06848673","Natural History of MTBI-related Convergence Insufficiency & Effectiveness of Vision Therapy for MTBI-related CI","PILOT CLINICAL TRIAL (PCT) of the Natural History of the Most Common MTBI-related Oculomotor Disorder Convergence Insufficiency & the Effectiveness of Vergence\u002FAccommodative Therapy for MTBI-related Convergence Insufficiency","TBEye","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* • Age 18 to 35 years inclusive\n\n  * Medical diagnosis of mTBI or concussion \\> 1 month ago and no longer than 6 months ago\n  * Convergence Insufficiency Symptom (CISS score) ≥ 21\n  * Best-corrected VA of 20\u002F25 or better in both eyes at distance \\& near\n  * Willingness to wear refractive correction, if indicated\n  * Random dot stereopsis of 500 arcsec or better (Randot Stereo Test)\n  * Receded NPC of ≥6 cm\n  * Insufficient PFV (\\\u003C 15∆ or PFV blur point less than twice the near exophoria magnitude)\n  * Wearing refractive correction for cycloplegic refractive errors of:\n  * ≥ +1.25 D SE hyperopia or ≥ -1.00 D SE myopia in either eye\n  * ≥ 1.25 D astigmatism in either eye, ≥ 1.00 D SE anisometropia\n  * Astigmatism axis within ±10 degrees if magnitude is ≤1.00 D and within ±5 degrees if \\>1.00 D\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* • No previous treatment for CI\n\n  * No previous diagnosis of CI from an ophthalmologist or optometrist\n  * No medications known to affect accommodation or vergence\n  * Investigator \\& patient willing to forgo all other CI treatment other than that assigned by randomization","35 Years",{"count":22,"type":23},[145],"PHASE2","The design of this project is a pilot study, a type of feasibility study conducted in preparation for subsequent RCTs that will assess the effectiveness of office-based vergence\u002Faccommodative therapy with movement (OBVAM) for mTBI-related convergence insufficiency.",[29],[29,149,150,151,152],"Vision Therapy","mTBI","Concussion","Office-based vergence\u002Faccommodative therapy","2025-02-21",{"date":155,"type":40},"2025-02-27",{"date":157,"type":23},"2026-11-01",{"date":104,"type":23},{"name":160,"class":47},"Salus University",{"id":162,"slug":163,"hasResults":11,"nctId":164,"briefTitle":165,"officialTitle":166,"acronym":167,"eligibilityCriteria":168,"healthyVolunteers":17,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":20,"enrollmentInfo":169,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":171,"briefSummary":172,"conditions":173,"keywords":174,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":179,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":180,"startDateStruct":182,"completionDateStruct":184,"leadSponsor":186,"locationsCount":48},"100506682","non-invasive-brain-stimulation-for-treating-symptomatic-convergence-insufficiency-100506682","NCT05877560","Non-invasive Brain Stimulation for Treating Symptomatic Convergence Insufficiency","A Randomized Controlled Study Using Non-invasive Brain Stimulation to Facilitate the Effectiveness of Vergence\u002FAccommodative Therapy in Symptomatic Convergence Insufficiency","NIBSCI","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Best-corrected visual acuity of \\> 20\u002F25 in each eye at distance and near\n* Exophoria at near at least 4∆ greater than at far\n* Receded near point of convergence of \\> 6 cm break\n* Insufficient positive fusional vergence at near (\\\u003C 15∆ base-out blur or break)\n* CISS score of 16 and greater for children or 21 and greater for adults\n* Have had a dilated fundus examination within the last 12 months\n* Informed consent and willingness to participate in the study and be randomized\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Previously treated for convergence insufficiency with home- or office-based vergence\u002Faccommodative therapy\n* Amblyopia (\\> 2-line difference in best-corrected visual acuity between the two eyes)\n* Constant strabismus\n* History of strabismus surgery\n* Convergence insufficiency secondary to acquired brain injury or neurological disorder\n* Manifest or latent nystagmus\n* Systemic disease known to affect accommodation, vergence, and ocular motility including multiple sclerosis, Graves disease, myasthenia gravis, Parkinson's disease, cerebral palsy, and diabetes\n* Developmental disability, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disability or cognitive dysfunction that would interfere with treatment\n* Taking medications that can affect normal neurological function including antipsychotics, antiepileptics, and opioids\n* Presence of metal or electronic implants in or on the body, including pacemakers",{"count":170,"type":23},150,[26],"The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to test the effectiveness of non-invasive brain stimulation in treating adults with symptomatic convergence insufficiency compared to vergence\u002Faccommodative therapy. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n1. Can non-invasive brain stimulation shorten the treatment time of office-based vergence\u002Faccommodative therapy for convergence insufficiency?\n2. Is non-invasive brain stimulation alone just as effective as office-based vergence\u002Faccommodative therapy in treating convergence insufficiency?\n\nThe investigators hypothesize that non-invasive brain stimulation will shorten the treatment time from 12 weeks to 8 weeks of office-based vergence\u002Faccommodative therapy and that non-invasive brain stimulation alone would be equally effective as office-based vergence\u002Faccommodative therapy in improving symptomatic convergence insufficiency.\n\nParticipants will be randomized into one of three treatment groups:\n\n1. Non-invasive brain stimulation with office-based vergence\u002Faccommodative therapy.\n2. Sham stimulation with office-based vergence\u002Faccommodative therapy.\n3. Non-invasive brain stimulation only.\n\nResearchers will compare baseline measurements of near point of convergence (NPC) and positive fusional vergence (PFV) to post-treatment measurements for each group.",[29],[29,175,176,177,178],"Non-invasive Brain Stimulation","Office-Based Vergence\u002FAccommodative Therapy","Frontal Eye Fields","Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","2024-11-27",{"date":181,"type":40},"2024-12-02",{"date":183,"type":23},"2025-03-01",{"date":185,"type":23},"2028-12-31",{"name":187,"class":47},"Midwestern University"]