[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"diaphragm\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:diaphragm":24},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,8,0,[8,37,70,95,120,142,167,193],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":13,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":14,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":17,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":21,"conditions":22,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":25,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":26,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":27,"startDateStruct":30,"completionDateStruct":32,"leadSponsor":34,"locationsCount":4},"100053562","end-expiratory-diaphragmatic-residual-contraction-index-for-identifying-intrinsic-peep-and-assisting-peep-titration-a-prospective-physiological-study-100053562",false,"NCT07697703","End-Expiratory Diaphragmatic Residual Contraction Index for Identifying Intrinsic PEEP and Assisting PEEP Titration: A Prospective Physiological Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 18 years. Patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) mode.\n\nClinically assessed as having a risk of dynamic intrinsic PEEP (PEEPi,dyn) or experiencing difficult weaning from mechanical ventilation.\n\nPresence of an indwelling esophageal balloon catheter (for reference standard measurements).\n\nProvision of written informed consent from the patient or legally authorized representative.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pregnancy or lactation. Known esophageal diseases (e.g., esophageal varices, strictures, recent esophageal surgery) or contraindications to esophageal catheter placement.\n\nSevere hemodynamic instability (e.g., requiring high-dose vasoactive support, uncontrolled arrhythmias).\n\nSevere hypoxemia (PaO2\u002FFiO2 \\\u003C 100 mmHg) or severe hypercapnia with hemodynamic compromise at baseline.\n\nConditions precluding ultrasound assessment of the diaphragm (e.g., extensive chest wall trauma, large pleural effusion, severe subcutaneous emphysema).\n\nActive spontaneous breathing with severe patient-ventilator asynchrony that cannot be stabilized during the trial.\n\nAnticipated extubation or withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment within the next 24 hours.\n\nParticipation in another interventional clinical trial within the last 30 days.","ALL","18 Years",{"count":18,"type":19},100,"ESTIMATED","OBSERVATIONAL","This study proposes the End-expiratory Diaphragmatic Residual Contraction (EDRC) index to quantify residual diaphragmatic activity at end-expiration during Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) mode. The study aims to validate the relationship between EDRC and dynamic intrinsic PEEP (PEEPi), triggering load, patient-ventilator asynchrony, and PEEP responsiveness through a brief, standardized PEEP titration trial conducted within a clinically safe range. This will provide a basis for subsequent individualized PEEP setting guided by EDRC.",[23,24],"Speckle Tracking","Diaphragm","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-07-05",{"date":28,"type":29},"2026-07-13","ACTUAL",{"date":31,"type":19},"2026-08-21",{"date":33,"type":19},"2027-09-03",{"name":35,"class":36},"Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital","OTHER",{"id":38,"slug":39,"hasResults":11,"nctId":40,"briefTitle":41,"officialTitle":42,"acronym":43,"eligibilityCriteria":44,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":45,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":47,"conditions":48,"keywords":53,"overallStatus":59,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":60,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":61,"startDateStruct":63,"completionDateStruct":65,"leadSponsor":67,"locationsCount":69},"100516838","diaphragmatic-speckle-tracking-during-spontaneous-breathing-trial-100516838","NCT06009731","Diaphragmatic Speckle Tracking During Spontaneous Breathing Trial","DIAPHRAGMATIC SPECKLE TRACKING DURING SPONTANEOUS BREATHING TRIAL","DIAST","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Consecutive adult patients (≥18 years old) undergoing mechanical ventilation for at least 24h (regardless of the reason of intubation)\n* patients fulfilling criteria for an SBT\n* patients will have to be able to trigger ventilator breaths with a reasonable level of assistance,\n* patients with lack of severe impairment in gas exchange,\n* patients that not require significant hemodynamic support.\n* Patients will be recruited by the study coordinator following completion of informed consent from the patient or legally authorized substitute decision maker.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Use of pressure support during the SBT.\n* Severe hemodynamic instability (\\>30% increase in vasopressors in the last 6 hours or norepinephrine \\> 0.5 µg\u002Fkg\u002Fmin).\n* Severe or very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) according to the GOLD criteria (stage III: FEV1 30-50% predicted; stage IV: FEV1 \\\u003C 30% predicted).\n* Known or suspected severe or progressive neuromuscular disorder likely to result in prolonged or chronic ventilator dependence\n* Clinical judgement of the attending physician.",{"count":46,"type":19},60,"Currently, measurement of transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) using oesophageal and gastric balloons is the gold standard for the assessment of diaphragmatic effort. This technique is relatively invasive and its interpretation may be complex. The diaphragmatic longitudinal strain (LSdi) and strain rate (LSRdi) might provide additional information in the assessment of diaphragmatic effort and movement during SBT, allowing early detection of diaphragmatic dysfunction. Patients will be monitored during a 30-120 minutes SBT consisting of no assistance on the ventilator using CPAP with a pressure level of 0 cmH2O. Parameters to evaluate diaphragm function will include diaphragmatic strain (LSdi and LSRdi), diaphragmatic thickening fraction (TFdi), and airway occlusion pressure (ΔP0.1 and ΔPocc). These parameters will be measured immediately before ('baseline') the SBT, as well as 2 minutes ('early' assessment), 15 ('intermediate' assessment) and 30 minutes ('late' assessment) after the beginning of the SBT.",[49,50,51,23,52,24],"Weaning","Spontaneous Breathing Trial","Mechanical Ventilation","Strains",[54,55,56,57,52,58],"weaning","spontaneous breathing trial","mechanical ventilation","speckle tracking","diaphragm","RECRUITING","2026-05-12",{"date":62,"type":29},"2026-05-15",{"date":64,"type":29},"2023-06-12",{"date":66,"type":19},"2027-07",{"name":68,"class":36},"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Amiens",1,{"id":71,"slug":72,"hasResults":11,"nctId":73,"briefTitle":74,"officialTitle":74,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":75,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":76,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":78,"phases":79,"briefSummary":81,"conditions":82,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":25,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":86,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":87,"startDateStruct":89,"completionDateStruct":91,"leadSponsor":93,"locationsCount":4},"100597674","objective-evaluation-of-cough-effort-in-tracheotomized-patients-lost-study-100597674","NCT07061561","Objective Evaluation of Cough Effort in Tracheotomized Patients (LOST Study)","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adult patients (18 years or older)\n* Hospitalized in post-intensive care rehabilitation unit (SRPR) or intensive care unit (ICU)\n* Tracheotomized during the weaning process\n* Medical prescription for physiotherapy assessment\n* Medical prescription for speech therapy assessment\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients who have undergone total laryngectomy\n* Patients with severe swallowing disorders\n* Patients with cognitive impairments incompatible with understanding instructions\n* Patients under medical decision to stop active treatments\n* Patients who refuse to participate or refuse to sign informed consent\n* Patients under guardianship or curatorship\n* Patients not affiliated with a social security scheme",{"count":77,"type":19},34,"INTERVENTIONAL",[80],"NA","This study aims to evaluate how well tracheotomized patients can cough before and after their tracheostomy tube is removed. Cough strength is measured using two different tools-Peak Flow and Lorio. Researchers want to find out if the cough measurement taken before removing the tube can help predict how effective the patient's cough will be afterward. The study will also explore factors that might influence cough strength and compare the usefulness of the two tools. Additionally, it will assess how patients feel about using these devices and the role of diaphragm ultrasound in predicting cough effectiveness.",[83,84,49,85,24],"Tracheostomy","Cough","Respiratory Function Tests","2025-07-02",{"date":88,"type":29},"2025-07-11",{"date":90,"type":19},"2025-07-15",{"date":92,"type":19},"2026-11-15",{"name":94,"class":36},"Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis",{"id":96,"slug":97,"hasResults":11,"nctId":98,"briefTitle":99,"officialTitle":99,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":100,"healthyVolunteers":101,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":102,"enrollmentInfo":103,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":105,"conditions":106,"keywords":107,"overallStatus":25,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":111,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":112,"startDateStruct":114,"completionDateStruct":116,"leadSponsor":118,"locationsCount":69},"100593552","recruitment-of-the-diaphragm-and-sternocleidomastoid-muscle-during-loaded-inspiration-on-varying-sitting-support-in-healthy-adults-100593552","NCT07007923","Recruitment of the Diaphragm and Sternocleidomastoid Muscle During Loaded Inspiration on Varying Sitting Support in Healthy Adults","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* aged 18-35 years - No recent thoracic surgery in the past 6 months\n* Absence in history of chronic respiratory illness\n* Able to breathe spontaneously\n* Conscious, able to follow instructions on the use of IMT device\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* with known cardiovascular, pulmonary or musculoskeletal disorders that would limit their functional capacity (E.g. Asthma, COPD)\n* presence with respiratory symptoms over past 2 weeks\n* pregnancy\n* malignancy\n* presence of neurological disorders (e.g. ALS, stroke)\n* PCS\u002F MCS in SF-12 scores below 50\n* Findings in spirometry suggesting presence of obstructive or restrictive disorders",true,"35 Years",{"count":104,"type":19},45,"This is a cross-sectional obsessional study.\n\nThis study explores how different sitting conditions affect two important muscles-the diaphragm and the sternocleidomastoid (SCM)-work during breathing exercises. The diaphragm is the main muscle for breathing, while the SCM helps when taking deeper breaths. Understanding how these muscles interact while sitting under various conditions can help improve breathing training techniques.\n\nThe study's objectives are (1) to investigate the relationship between diaphragm thickness fraction with 4 different sitting conditions during loaded inspiration among healthy adults and (2) To investigate the relationship between SCM activity with 4 different sitting conditions during loaded inspiration among healthy adults.\n\nThis research will conduct healthy adults, who will be instructed to breathe against resistance provided by the IMT while sitting on four different conditions: a regular chair, a soft pad with feet on the ground, a soft pad with feet on two additional soft pads, and a single soft pad with both feet on one pad. By using ultrasound to measure how thick the diaphragm gets and surface electromyography (sEMG) to track SCM activity, the data will be gathered on how these muscles function under different conditions.\n\nThe goal is to find out if sitting on unstable surfaces, like soft pads, can enhance diaphragm use compared to a stable chair. These surfaces may change how effectively the diaphragm and SCM work together. This research could lead to better recommendations for inspiratory muscle training (IMT), which helps strengthen these muscles, especially for people with breathing difficulties.\n\nBy identifying how posture influences muscle recruitment during breathing exercises, hoping to contribute valuable insights that can improve rehabilitation programs for individuals with respiratory conditions.",[24],[108,109,110],"Diaphragmatic thickening fraction","Sternocleidomastoid muscles","inspiratory pressure","2025-06-03",{"date":113,"type":29},"2025-06-06",{"date":115,"type":19},"2025-06-19",{"date":117,"type":19},"2026-04-20",{"name":119,"class":36},"Hong Kong Metropolitan University",{"id":121,"slug":122,"hasResults":11,"nctId":123,"briefTitle":124,"officialTitle":124,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":125,"healthyVolunteers":101,"sex":15,"minAge":126,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":127,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":129,"conditions":130,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":25,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":133,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":134,"startDateStruct":136,"completionDateStruct":138,"leadSponsor":140,"locationsCount":4},"100592528","investigation-of-respiratory-muscle-sarcopenia-in-geriatric-individuals-100592528","NCT06994598","Investigation of Respiratory Muscle Sarcopenia in Geriatric Individuals","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Being 65 years of age or older.\n* Being clinically stable\n* Being able to adapt to tests (visual, cognitive, cooperative)\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Those with neurological and\u002For musculoskeletal problems that may affect the study\n* Presence of severe joint contracture or painful ulcers that may affect muscle strength measurement and walking\n* Presence of serious infection or sepsis\n* Having a known additional rheumatologic disease diagnosis\n* Any stage of cancer","65 Years",{"count":128,"type":19},85,"The increase in the elderly population worldwide necessitates further research on age-related physiological changes and health problems related to these changes in geriatric individuals. One of these problems, sarcopenia, is a syndrome characterized by a decrease in muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance due to aging (Cruz-Jentoft et al., 2019). Sarcopenia affects not only the extremity muscles but also the respiratory muscles, significantly reducing the individual's functional capacity and quality of life (Shafiee et al., 2017). Sarcopenia is a progressive and widespread loss of skeletal muscles, characterized by a decrease in muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance. Although it is usually seen in older individuals, it can also occur in people with certain diseases or who lead a sedentary lifestyle. The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) has developed a guideline for the diagnosis of sarcopenia and determination of its severity (Cruz-Jentoft et al., 2019). In line with this guideline, the EWGSOP considers sarcopenia in three basic stages: pre-sarcopenia, sarcopenia, and severe sarcopenia (Cruz-Jentoft et al., 2010). Pre-sarcopenia is the stage in which muscle mass is low but muscle strength or physical performance is not yet affected. Sarcopenia is the stage in which low muscle mass is accompanied by decreased muscle strength or low physical performance. Severe sarcopenia is defined as the most advanced stage in which all these criteria are met (Cruz-Jentoft et al., 2010). Respiratory muscle sarcopenia is defined as muscle fiber atrophy and weakness in the respiratory muscles. The Japanese Respiratory Sarcopenia Study Group defines this condition as whole-body sarcopenia with low respiratory muscle mass, decreased respiratory muscle strength, and\u002For respiratory dysfunction (Nagano et al., 2021). Kera et al. (2019) evaluated respiratory muscle sarcopenia according to the peak expiratory flow rate value. However, whole-body sarcopenia and respiratory muscle strength are considered important parameters in the definition and diagnosis of respiratory muscle sarcopenia. It is reported that the rate of respiratory muscle sarcopenia is higher in the presence of sarcopenia (Nagano et al., 2021). Sarcopenic respiratory failure is diagnosed in the presence of sarcopenia accompanied by functional disability, while individuals without functional disability but at risk for respiratory muscle sarcopenia are considered \"at risk of sarcopenic respiratory failure\" (Nagano et al., 2021). Sarcopenia is thought to be associated with insulin resistance and oxidative stress, leading to decreased muscle strength and muscle mass, as well as muscle atrophy (Ding et al., 2019). Respiratory muscles may also be affected in a similar way. Thus, weakening of respiratory muscles may lead to decreased respiratory function and decreased quality of life. In the current literature, studies examining the effects of aging on respiratory muscles are limited. Therefore, determining the potential effects of aging on respiratory muscles and evaluating respiratory muscle sarcopenia in this context may provide an important contribution to the development of new approaches and the literature.",[131,132,24],"Geriatric","Sarcopenia","2025-05-20",{"date":135,"type":29},"2025-05-29",{"date":137,"type":19},"2025-05",{"date":139,"type":19},"2025-09",{"name":141,"class":36},"Kirsehir Ahi Evran Universitesi",{"id":143,"slug":144,"hasResults":11,"nctId":145,"briefTitle":146,"officialTitle":147,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":148,"healthyVolunteers":101,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":149,"enrollmentInfo":150,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":78,"phases":152,"briefSummary":153,"conditions":154,"keywords":155,"overallStatus":59,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":158,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":159,"startDateStruct":161,"completionDateStruct":163,"leadSponsor":165,"locationsCount":69},"100542189","effects-of-transcutaneous-electrical-phrenic-nerve-stimulation-and-transcutaneous-electrical-diaphragmatic-stimulation-100542189","NCT06339632","Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Phrenic Nerve Stimulation and Transcutaneous Electrical Diaphragmatic Stimulation","Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Phrenic Nerve Stimulation and Transcutaneous Electrical Diaphragmatic Stimulation: a Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 18 and 60 years;\n* Normal pulmonary function test, without alterations, assessed through spirometry;\n* Body Mass Index (BMI) between 18.5 and 24.9 kg\u002Fm2.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Smokers or former smokers;\n* Individuals with previously known cardiopulmonary diseases (restrictive lung diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - COPD, asthma, cystic fibrosis, among other pathologies);\n* Presence of implanted electrical devices (pacemaker, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, among others);\n* Individuals who have contraindications to undergo evaluation and\u002For application of transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the diaphragm muscle, such as: altered sensitivity, wounds at the site of application, deformities, among other conditions.","60 Years",{"count":151,"type":19},12,[80],"Transcutaneous electrical phrenic nerve stimulation (TEPNS) and transcutaneous electrical diaphragm stimulation (TEDS) are modalities that use surface electrodes placed on the patients' skin to generate action potentials and contractions of the muscle fibers of the diaphragm. The primary objective will be to evaluate the efficacy of TEPNS and TEDS in healthy adult individuals. Secondary objectives will be to assess the feasibility, safety, and level of discomfort reported by the individual resulting from the application of TEPNS and TEDS.",[24],[24,156,157],"Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation","Ultrasound","2025-04-22",{"date":160,"type":29},"2025-04-24",{"date":162,"type":29},"2024-04-01",{"date":164,"type":19},"2026-03-01",{"name":166,"class":36},"Hospital Sirio-Libanes",{"id":168,"slug":169,"hasResults":11,"nctId":170,"briefTitle":171,"officialTitle":172,"acronym":173,"eligibilityCriteria":174,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":175,"maxAge":176,"enrollmentInfo":177,"targetDuration":179,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":180,"conditions":181,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":59,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":184,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":185,"startDateStruct":187,"completionDateStruct":189,"leadSponsor":191,"locationsCount":69},"100513466","comparing-electromyography-of-the-diaphragm-with-ultrasound-in-neonates-and-children-with-respiratory-support-100513466","NCT05965830","Comparing Electromyography of the Diaphragm With Ultrasound in Neonates and Children With Respiratory Support","PRospective Observational Study Comparing Electromyography of the Diaphragm With Ultrasound in Neonates and Children With REspiratory Support: the PROCEDURES Study","PROCEDURES","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 0 - 12 months of age at the moment of inclusion and born ≥ 37 weeks gestational age.\n* Specific patients cohort PICU:\n\npediatric patients with invasive respiratory support comply with the extubation readiness test (ERT) criteria\n\n* No spontaneous breathing for the duration of the assessment\n* Written parenteral informed consent (IC)\n* A patient can only participate once\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Unilateral diaphragm paresis diagnosed by ultrasound\n* Congenital malformations not compatible with dEMG\n* Need of cardiac pacing\n* Congenital muscle atrophy disorder\n* Clinical instability requiring frequent interventions by the nursing staff that may interfere with the measurements\n* The attending physician considers the patient to be too vulnerable to participate in the study","0 Months","12 Months",{"count":178,"type":19},50,"1 Day","Background of the study:\n\nIncreased work of breathing, potentially leading to respiratory insufficiency, resulting in the need of (non-) invasive respiratory support is the most common observed problem in the neonatal - and pediatric intensive care unit (NICU\u002FPICU). The diaphragm is the main respiratory muscle. Currently there is not an established technique accessible to observe the (clinical) function of the diaphragm and its role in respiratory insufficiency. New non-invasive modalities are promising, such as transcutaneous diaphragm electromyography (dEMG) and diaphragm ultrasound (dUS).\n\nObjective of the study:\n\nOur objective is to assess the association between transcutaneous diaphragm electromyography (dEMG) and diaphragm ultrasound (dUS) in the PICU population.\n\nStudy design:\n\nSingle center pilot study\n\nStudy population:\n\nThe study population consists of children between 0-12 months, admitted to the PICU of the Leiden University Medical Center, with invasive respiratory support.\n\nPrimary study parameters\u002Foutcome of the study:\n\nPrimary endpoint is to evaluate the association between dEMG and dUS measurements in the PICU population.",[157,182,24,183],"Transcutaneous EMG","Neonate","2025-03-17",{"date":186,"type":29},"2025-03-18",{"date":188,"type":29},"2023-11-25",{"date":190,"type":19},"2025-11",{"name":192,"class":36},"Leiden University Medical Center",{"id":194,"slug":195,"hasResults":11,"nctId":196,"briefTitle":197,"officialTitle":198,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":199,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":200,"maxAge":201,"enrollmentInfo":202,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":204,"conditions":205,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":25,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":210,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":211,"startDateStruct":213,"completionDateStruct":215,"leadSponsor":217,"locationsCount":4},"100583516","inspiratory-and-trunk-muscle-activity-during-imt-on-stable-and-unstable-surfaces-in-stroke-patients-100583516","NCT06877338","Inspiratory and Trunk Muscle Activity During IMT on Stable and Unstable Surfaces in Stroke Patients","Inspiratory and Trunk Muscle Activity During Inspiratory Muscle Training on Stable and Unstable Surfaces in People After Stroke","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 40 years and \\\u003C 80 years\n* Breathing spontaneously\n* Clinically diagnosed with ischemic and\u002For hemorrhagic stroke\n* Stroke duration from onset between 1 and 12 months\n* No thoracic or abdominal surgery in the past 6 months\n* No cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score ≥ 26)\n* Able to understand and follow verbal instructions\n* No facial palsy or only mild facial palsy without limitation of labial occlusion\n* Able to complete all loaded breathing tests on both stable and unstable surfaces included in this study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Acute myocardial infarction or acute heart failure\n* Acute pain in any part of the body\n* History of chronic respiratory illness or positive clinical signs of impaired respiratory function (such as shortness of breath, hypoxemia, chronic cough, and sputum retention)\n* Presence of a nasal feeding tube, tracheal tube, or any condition that prevents the measurement or implementation of the study procedures","40 Years","80 Years",{"count":203,"type":19},24,"This study aims to investigate the differences in muscle recruitment of the diaphragm (assessed using ultrasound), the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and trunk muscles (both measured via surface electromyography (sEMG)), during loaded breathing training performed on both stable and unstable surfaces. The goal is to understand the interaction between the inspiratory and trunk muscles during Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) across these two surface conditions.",[206,207,24,208,209],"Stroke","Inspiratory Muscle Training","Sternocleidomastoid Muscles","Trunk Muscle Activity","2025-03-11",{"date":212,"type":29},"2025-03-14",{"date":214,"type":19},"2025-03-15",{"date":216,"type":19},"2025-10-15",{"name":119,"class":36}]