[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"emergence-agitation\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:emergence-agitation":27},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,18,0,[8,43,71,99,127,154,180,201,224,248,276,299,323,348,370,393,413,437],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":15,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":19,"targetDuration":22,"studyType":23,"phases":4,"briefSummary":24,"conditions":25,"keywords":29,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":32,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":33,"startDateStruct":36,"completionDateStruct":38,"leadSponsor":40,"locationsCount":4},"100603694","magnesium-sulfate-for-prevention-of-emergence-agitation-in-lumbar-disc-surgery-100603694",false,"NCT07139847","Magnesium Sulfate for Prevention of Emergence Agitation in Lumbar Disc Surgery","Effect of Intraoperative Magnesium Infusion on Postoperative Emergence Agitation in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Microdiscectomy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nAge between 18 and 70 years\n\nASA physical status classification I or II\n\nScheduled for elective single-level lumbar microdiscectomy under general anesthesia\n\nAbility to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nSevere cardiovascular disease\n\nHistory of psychiatric disorder\n\nNeuromuscular disease\n\nPregnancy or breastfeeding\n\nHepatic or renal dysfunction\n\nCurrent use of calcium channel blockers, hypnotics, anxiolytics, or antipsychotic medications\n\nKnown allergy to magnesium sulfate or study-related medications\n\nRefusal to participate in the study","ALL","18 Years","70 Years",{"count":20,"type":21},70,"ESTIMATED","1 Month","OBSERVATIONAL","In this retrospective study, the effect of intraoperative magnesium sulfate infusion on the incidence of postoperative emergence agitation was evaluated in adult patients who underwent elective lumbar microdiscectomy under general anesthesia. The medical records of patients aged 18-70 years with an ASA physical status of I-II were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were evaluated according to whether they received intraoperative magnesium sulfate infusion as part of anesthetic management. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of emergence agitation in the post-anesthesia care unit; this assessment was based on Ramsay Sedation Scale scores recorded in the post-anesthesia care unit at admission and at 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes. Secondary outcome measures included postoperative pain scores assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale, intraoperative remifentanil consumption, recovery and extubation times, tramadol requirement in the post-anesthesia care unit, and possible adverse events related to magnesium infusion.",[26,27,28],"Lumbar Disc Herniation","Emergence Agitation","Magnesium Sulfate",[28,26,30],"Postoperative Complications","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-20",{"date":34,"type":35},"2026-06-25","ACTUAL",{"date":37,"type":21},"2026-07-05",{"date":39,"type":21},"2026-09-30",{"name":41,"class":42},"Ondokuz Mayıs University","OTHER",{"id":44,"slug":45,"hasResults":11,"nctId":46,"briefTitle":47,"officialTitle":48,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":49,"healthyVolunteers":50,"sex":16,"minAge":51,"maxAge":52,"enrollmentInfo":53,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":56,"briefSummary":58,"conditions":59,"keywords":60,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":62,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":63,"startDateStruct":65,"completionDateStruct":67,"leadSponsor":69,"locationsCount":4},"100641035","phase-4-dexmedetomidine-vs-propofol-lidocaine-mixture-in-preventing-the-post-operative-emergence-agitation-following-sevoflurane-anasthesia-100641035","NCT07601698","Dexmedetomidine vs Propofol-lidocaine Mixture in Preventing the Post Operative Emergence Agitation Following Sevoflurane Anasthesia","The Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol-lidocaine Mixture in Preventing the Post Operative Emergence Agitation Following Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Pediatric Ophthalmic Surgeries , A Prospective Randomized Comparative Controlled Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* patients aged 2-8 years .\n* ASA physical status I-II.\n* Scheduled for elective surgeries under general anesthesia with sevoflurane\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of psychiatric illness or cognitive impairment.\n* Known allergy to study drugs.\n* Severe cardiovascular, hepatic, or renal disease.\n* Chronic use of sedatives or opioids.",true,"2 Years","8 Years",{"count":54,"type":21},200,"INTERVENTIONAL",[57],"PHASE4","Primary we will Compare the Efficacy between Dexmedetomidine and \"Propofol-lidocaine\" mixture in preventing the post operative emergence agitation following sevoflurane anasthesia in pediatric ophthalmic surgeries Secondary we will evaluate time of extubation, time of orientation, Hemodynamic variables, Visual analog scale ( VAS), facial expressions scale , Adverse events",[27],[61],"EA","2026-05-19",{"date":64,"type":35},"2026-05-22",{"date":66,"type":21},"2026-05-01",{"date":68,"type":21},"2026-12",{"name":70,"class":42},"Sohag University",{"id":72,"slug":73,"hasResults":11,"nctId":74,"briefTitle":75,"officialTitle":76,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":77,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":51,"maxAge":78,"enrollmentInfo":79,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":81,"briefSummary":83,"conditions":84,"keywords":87,"overallStatus":88,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":89,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":90,"startDateStruct":92,"completionDateStruct":94,"leadSponsor":96,"locationsCount":98},"100636394","intranasal-dexmedetomidine-vs-oral-midazolam-for-premedication-in-pediatric-surgery-100636394","NCT07565116","Intranasal Dexmedetomidine vs Oral Midazolam for Premedication in Pediatric Surgery","Comparison of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Oral Midazolam for Premedication in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Elective Inguinal and Urological Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pediatric patients aged 2-10 years\n* ASA physical status I-II\n* Scheduled for elective inguinal or urological surgery under general anesthesia\n* Both male and female patients\n* Written informed consent obtained from parents or legal guardians\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Known allergy or hypersensitivity to dexmedetomidine or midazolam\n* Presence of significant systemic disease or organ dysfunction\n* Cardiac arrhythmia or congenital heart disease\n* Neurological or behavioral disorders, including developmental delay\n* Chronic use of analgesics or other medications that may affect study outcomes\n* Anticipated difficult airway\n* Nasal pathology that may interfere with intranasal drug administration\n* Emergency surgery\n* Inability to obtain written informed consent from parents or legal guardians","10 Years",{"count":80,"type":21},84,[82],"NA","This study aims to compare the effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine and oral midazolam as premedication in pediatric patients undergoing elective inguinal and urological surgery under general anesthesia.\n\nPremedication plays a critical role in reducing preoperative anxiety, facilitating parent-child separation, and improving cooperation during anesthesia induction in pediatric patients. While oral midazolam is widely used, it has several limitations, including variable bioavailability and the risk of paradoxical reactions. Intranasal dexmedetomidine has emerged as a promising alternative due to its sedative, anxiolytic, and minimal respiratory depressant effects.\n\nIn this prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled study, patients aged 2-10 years will be assigned to receive either intranasal dexmedetomidine or oral midazolam prior to anesthesia induction. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients achieving adequate sedation at induction, defined as a Ramsay Sedation Score (RSS) ≥2.\n\nSecondary outcomes include perioperative hemodynamic stability, parent-child separation anxiety, mask acceptance during induction, postoperative emergence agitation, recovery time, and the need for rescue sedation.",[85,86,27],"Pediatric Anesthesia","Preoperative Anxiety",[85,86,27],"RECRUITING","2026-05-11",{"date":91,"type":35},"2026-05-14",{"date":93,"type":35},"2026-05-05",{"date":95,"type":21},"2026-09-26",{"name":97,"class":42},"Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital",1,{"id":100,"slug":101,"hasResults":11,"nctId":102,"briefTitle":103,"officialTitle":104,"acronym":105,"eligibilityCriteria":106,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":51,"maxAge":107,"enrollmentInfo":108,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":110,"briefSummary":111,"conditions":112,"keywords":113,"overallStatus":88,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":118,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":119,"startDateStruct":121,"completionDateStruct":123,"leadSponsor":125,"locationsCount":98},"100636901","effect-of-lollipop-on-emergence-delirium-in-pediatric-patients-undergoing-general-anesthesia-100636901","NCT07571707","Effect of Lollipop on Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia","Effect of Lollipop on Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial","LOLLIPOP-ED","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pediatric patients aged 2-6 years\n* Scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia with sevoflurane\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II\n* Written informed consent obtained from parents or legal guardians\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Known allergy or contraindication to study-related procedures\n* Developmental delay or neurological disorders affecting behavior assessment\n* Use of sedative or psychoactive medications prior to surgery\n* History of emergence delirium or significant behavioral disorders\n* Intraoperative complications requiring deviation from standard anesthesia protocol","6 Years",{"count":109,"type":21},66,[82],"This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of lollipop administration after surgery in reducing emergence agitation in pediatric patients undergoing anesthesia with sevoflurane at RS Ngoerah.\n\nEmergence agitation is a common condition in children after general anesthesia, characterized by restlessness, confusion, and distress during recovery. This study investigates whether providing a lollipop as a simple, non-pharmacological intervention can help reduce the incidence and severity of agitation.\n\nPediatric patients undergoing surgery with sevoflurane anesthesia will be observed postoperatively, and their level of agitation will be assessed using standardized evaluation methods. The results of this study are expected to provide a safe, practical, and easily applicable approach to improve postoperative recovery in children.",[27],[85,114,115,116,117],"Sevoflurane","Non pharmacological intervention","lollipop intervention","post operative agitation","2026-05-02",{"date":120,"type":35},"2026-05-06",{"date":122,"type":35},"2026-04-10",{"date":124,"type":21},"2026-07",{"name":126,"class":42},"Udayana University",{"id":128,"slug":129,"hasResults":11,"nctId":130,"briefTitle":131,"officialTitle":132,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":133,"healthyVolunteers":50,"sex":16,"minAge":51,"maxAge":52,"enrollmentInfo":134,"targetDuration":136,"studyType":23,"phases":4,"briefSummary":137,"conditions":138,"keywords":141,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":147,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":148,"startDateStruct":149,"completionDateStruct":150,"leadSponsor":152,"locationsCount":98},"100635405","effect-of-preoperative-fasting-duration-on-postoperative-pain-and-emergence-agitation-in-pediatric-patients-undergoing-urogenital-surgery-100635405","NCT07552259","Effect of Preoperative Fasting Duration on Postoperative Pain and Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Urogenital Surgery","The Impact of Preoperative Fasting Duration on Postoperative Pain and Emergence Agitation in Children Aged 2-8 Years Undergoing Elective Urogenital Surgery: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 2 and 8 years\n* ASA physical status I-II\n* Scheduled for elective urogenital surgery\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA physical status ≥ III\n* Malnutrition\n* Neuropsychiatric disorders\n* Respiratory tract infection\n* Developmental delay\n* Surgery longer than 2 hours",{"count":135,"type":21},250,"1 Day","This study aims to evaluate the effect of preoperative fasting duration on postoperative pain and emergence agitation in pediatric patients undergoing urogenital surgery.",[139,140,27],"Postoperative Pain","Emergence Delirium",[142,85,143,144,145,139,146],"Preoperative Fasting","FLACC","PAED","Urogenital Surgery","Postoperative Agitation","2026-04-30",{"date":120,"type":35},{"date":66,"type":21},{"date":151,"type":21},"2027-07-01",{"name":153,"class":42},"TC Erciyes University",{"id":155,"slug":156,"hasResults":11,"nctId":157,"briefTitle":158,"officialTitle":159,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":160,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":161,"maxAge":107,"enrollmentInfo":162,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":164,"briefSummary":165,"conditions":166,"keywords":168,"overallStatus":88,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":171,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":172,"startDateStruct":174,"completionDateStruct":176,"leadSponsor":178,"locationsCount":98},"100633188","effect-of-intranasal-dexmedetomidine-on-the-incidence-of-emergence-agitation-in-children-undergoing-strabismus-surgery-100633188","NCT07523438","Effect of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine on the Incidence of Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing Strabismus Surgery","Effect of Two Different Doses of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine on the Incidence of Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing Strabismus Surgery , A Randomized Clinical Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age: 3-6 years, both sexes\n* ASA physical status class I , II.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* history of neurological and psychiatric disease\n* body mass index \\> 20 kg m-2\n* allergy to dexmedetomidine\n* patients on medical treatment which has any sedative effect\n* mentally retarded children","3 Years",{"count":163,"type":21},120,[82],"Dexmedetomidine is a selective a-2 adrenergic agonist that provides sedative and analgesic effects. Intranasal dexmedetomidine has a slower and gradual onset compared to intravenous injection , with low incidence of nasal discomfort. Dexmedetomidine was tested at various doses and modes of administration, as well as different types of surgery and co-anesthetic drugs, as a single injection or continuous infusion. The authors have not agreed on the ideal clinical dose. The hypothesis is that intranasal dexmedetomidine 3mcg \u002Fkg will decrease the incidence of emergence agitation after strabismus surgery than dexmedetomidine 2 mcg\u002Fkg",[167,27],"Dexmedetomidine",[167,169,170],"emergence agitation","strabismus surgery","2026-04-05",{"date":173,"type":35},"2026-04-13",{"date":175,"type":35},"2026-03-01",{"date":177,"type":21},"2026-12-01",{"name":179,"class":42},"Alexandria University",{"id":181,"slug":182,"hasResults":11,"nctId":183,"briefTitle":184,"officialTitle":184,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":185,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":186,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":188,"briefSummary":189,"conditions":190,"keywords":191,"overallStatus":88,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":192,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":193,"startDateStruct":195,"completionDateStruct":197,"leadSponsor":199,"locationsCount":98},"100632194","effect-of-a-repeated-verbal-reminder-of-orientation-on-emergence-agitation-after-general-anesthesia-100632194","NCT07510516","Effect of a Repeated Verbal Reminder of Orientation on Emergence Agitation After General Anesthesia","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nAdult patients\n\n* Aged 18 to 70 years\n* Scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic abdominal surgery will be screened for eligibility.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Include TIVA and inhalational agent other than sevoflurane, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 4,\n* BMI \\>35 kg\u002Fm\\^2,\n* Pre-existing conditions associated with neurological deficit,\n* Cognitive impairment if documented by neurologist\n* Hearing disorders\n* Use of antipsychotic medications,\n* Plan for ambulatory surgery and participant refusal.",{"count":187,"type":21},62,[82],"The Study will be conducted at SKMCH \\& RC Lahore. All adult patients aged 18-70 years scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic abdominal surgery will be screened for eligibility according to inclusion \\& exclusion criteria. Total number of patients is 42. Patients who meet eligibility criteria will be randomized into 2 groups, Orientation group \\& Control group. In orientation group, orientation reminder will be given in the form of prerecorded voice notes via headphones to the patients. The evaluation of emergence agitation will be done by using Riker Sedation Agitation Scale. The primary outcome will be incidence of emergence agitation in the OR. Secondary outcome includes the time from sevoflurane discontinuation to eye opening, extubation, discharge to PACU as well as pain score and length of stay in the PACU.",[27],[27],"2026-04-01",{"date":194,"type":35},"2026-04-03",{"date":196,"type":35},"2025-01-29",{"date":198,"type":21},"2026-10-30",{"name":200,"class":42},"Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre",{"id":202,"slug":203,"hasResults":11,"nctId":204,"briefTitle":205,"officialTitle":206,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":207,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":208,"enrollmentInfo":209,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":4,"briefSummary":211,"conditions":212,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":88,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":215,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":216,"startDateStruct":218,"completionDateStruct":220,"leadSponsor":222,"locationsCount":98},"100622862","heart-rate-variability-and-anxiety-as-predictors-of-emergence-agitation-after-septorhinoplasty-100622862","NCT07389135","Heart Rate Variability and Anxiety as Predictors of Emergence Agitation After Septorhinoplasty","The Role of Heart Rate Variability and Anxiety in Predicting Emergence Agitation in Patients Undergoing Septorhinoplasty : A Prospective Observational Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18 to 65 years\n* ASA physical status I-II\n* Scheduled for elective septorhinoplasty under general anesthesia\n* Able to provide informed consent and complete questionnaires\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA physical status III or higher\n* Pregnancy or breastfeeding\n* Known dysrhythmia\u002Farrhythmia or autonomic dysfunction, or use of medications that may affect autonomic function\u002FHRV\n* Diagnosed anxiety disorder\n* Use of preoperative anxiolytic medication\n* Inability to understand\u002Fcomplete the anxiety scales\u002Fquestionnaires\n* Emergency surgery","65 Years",{"count":210,"type":21},100,"This prospective observational study aims to evaluate whether preoperative heart rate variability (HRV) and anxiety are associated with, and can help predict, emergence agitation in adult patients undergoing elective septorhinoplasty under general anesthesia. Preoperative anxiety will be assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-1). Resting HRV will be recorded preoperatively using a chest-strap heart rate monitor and HRV metrics (e.g., SDNN, RMSSD, LF\u002FHF) will be derived. Emergence agitation will be assessed in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) using the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) during the early recovery period. Secondary observations will include early postoperative events such as postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and laryngospasm. The study is planned to enroll approximately 100 participants.",[27,213,214],"Heart Rate Variability (HRV)","Septorhinoplasty","2026-03-30",{"date":217,"type":35},"2026-03-31",{"date":219,"type":35},"2026-02-01",{"date":221,"type":21},"2026-08-01",{"name":223,"class":42},"Konya City Hospital",{"id":225,"slug":226,"hasResults":11,"nctId":227,"briefTitle":228,"officialTitle":229,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":230,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":161,"maxAge":107,"enrollmentInfo":231,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":233,"briefSummary":234,"conditions":235,"keywords":236,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":241,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":242,"startDateStruct":244,"completionDateStruct":245,"leadSponsor":246,"locationsCount":98},"100629291","auricular-acupressure-for-reducing-postoperative-emergence-agitation-in-preschool-children-100629291","NCT07472764","Auricular Acupressure for Reducing Postoperative Emergence Agitation in Preschool Children","Auricular Acupressure for Reducing Postoperative Emergence Agitation in Preschool Children Undergoing Adenoidectomy: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* (1) American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification of I to III; (2) Children aged 3 to 6 years scheduled for elective adenoidectomy; (3) No damage to the epidermis of the external ear.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* (1) Children taking anti-anxiety or antidepressant medications; (2) Children with a history of psychiatric disorders or current psychiatric abnormalities; (3) Children with cognitive deficits or cognitive and intellectual developmental disorders; (4) Children with allergies to auricular acupressure beads; (5) Participation in other clinical trials within the past three months.",{"count":232,"type":21},110,[82],"This study investigates whether auricular acupressure can reduce postoperative emergence agitation among preschool children following adenoidectomy.",[27],[237,238,239,240,85],"Auricular Acupressure","Emergence agitation","Postoperative pain","non-invasive Traditional Chinese Medicine","2026-03-12",{"date":243,"type":35},"2026-03-16",{"date":192,"type":21},{"date":39,"type":21},{"name":247,"class":42},"Beijing Tongren Hospital",{"id":249,"slug":250,"hasResults":11,"nctId":251,"briefTitle":252,"officialTitle":253,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":254,"healthyVolunteers":50,"sex":16,"minAge":255,"maxAge":256,"enrollmentInfo":257,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":259,"briefSummary":260,"conditions":261,"keywords":266,"overallStatus":88,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":268,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":269,"startDateStruct":271,"completionDateStruct":273,"leadSponsor":274,"locationsCount":98},"100626441","efficacy-of-ultrasound-guided-greater-auricular-nerve-block-in-preventing-postoperative-emergence-agitation-in-pediatric-patients-undergoing-microscopic-middle-ear-surgery-100626441","NCT07435675","Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Greater Auricular Nerve Block in Preventing Postoperative Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Microscopic Middle Ear Surgery.","Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Greater Auricular Nerve Block in Preventing Postoperative Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Microscopic Middle Ear Surgery: A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED DOUBLE- BLINDED CLINICAL TRIAL","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 5 and 14 years (preschool to early school age group at highest risk for EA).\n* ASA physical status I or II.\n* Scheduled for elective microscopic middle ear surgery under general anesthesia (e.g., tympanoplasty, myringoplasty).\n* Ability to comply with FLACC and PAED scoring during postoperative period.\n* Informed consent obtained from a parent or legal guardian.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Known neurological, developmental, or psychiatric disorders (e.g., autism, ADHD, seizure disorder).\n* Known hypersensitivity to amide local anesthetics (e.g., lidocaine, bupivacaine).\n* Skin infection, hematoma, or trauma at or near the proposed block site.\n* Non-elective (emergency) or combined surgeries.\n* Inability to assess pain or agitation due to hearing loss, or communication impairment.\n* Parental or legal guardian refusal to participate.","5 Years","14 Years",{"count":258,"type":21},74,[82],"This study is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided greater auricular nerve block (GAN) on the reduction of emergence agitation (EA) occurrence and EA severity in children who are receiving general anesthesia for a microscopic middle ear operation.",[27,262,263,140,264,265],"Emergence Delirium, Anesthesia","Emergence From Anesthesia","Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Anesthesia","Emergence Agitation, Post Operative Behavioral Changes",[169,267,61],"emergence delirium","2026-02-23",{"date":270,"type":35},"2026-02-27",{"date":272,"type":35},"2025-08-01",{"date":192,"type":21},{"name":275,"class":42},"Fayoum University",{"id":277,"slug":278,"hasResults":11,"nctId":279,"briefTitle":280,"officialTitle":281,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":282,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":161,"maxAge":52,"enrollmentInfo":283,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":284,"briefSummary":285,"conditions":286,"keywords":287,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":219,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":291,"startDateStruct":293,"completionDateStruct":295,"leadSponsor":297,"locationsCount":98},"100623285","transcutaneous-auricular-vagus-nerve-stimulation-for-prevention-of-emergence-agitation-and-delirium-in-children-undergoing-tonsillectomy-and-adenoidectomy-100623285","NCT07394647","Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Prevention of Emergence Agitation and Delirium in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy","Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Preventing Emergence Agitation and Delirium After Pediatric Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Interventional Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children aged 3 to 8 years.\n* Patients receiving care at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University with a diagnosis of tonsil and\u002For adenoid hypertrophy, scheduled for tonsillectomy and\u002For adenoidectomy under sevoflurane inhalation general anesthesia.\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II.\n* Ability to understand the study procedures and assessment scales, and to communicate effectively with study personnel.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA physical status III-IV, or presence of hepatic or renal dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, or endocrine disorders.\n* Neuromuscular disorders or dermatitis of the left auricle.\n* Recent respiratory infection, developmental delay, or autism spectrum disorder.\n* Receipt of specialized care, residence in social welfare institutions, or any other condition that may interfere with study participation.\n* Current enrollment in another clinical trial.",{"count":163,"type":21},[82],"Brief Summary This study is designed to find out whether transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) can safely reduce restlessness and confusion when children wake up from anesthesia after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. These problems, called emergence agitation and delirium, are common after surgery and can cause distress for both children and their families.TaVNS is a non-invasive treatment that delivers mild electrical stimulation to a specific area of the ear connected to the vagus nerve. It does not involve needles or medication, and children usually feel only a gentle tingling sensation.In this randomized, double-blind study, children will be assigned by chance to receive either taVNS or a sham (placebo) stimulation during surgery. Neither the children, their families, nor the medical team providing care will know which treatment each child receives.Researchers will observe and record how calmly children wake up from anesthesia, whether they show signs of delirium, and any side effects. The goal of this study is to test whether taVNS is an effective and safe way to improve recovery and comfort for children after surgery.",[27,140],[288,27,140,289,290],"Pediatric","taVNS","Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS)",{"date":292,"type":35},"2026-02-06",{"date":294,"type":21},"2026-02-24",{"date":296,"type":21},"2026-12-30",{"name":298,"class":42},"The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University",{"id":300,"slug":301,"hasResults":11,"nctId":302,"briefTitle":303,"officialTitle":304,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":305,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":306,"enrollmentInfo":307,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":309,"briefSummary":310,"conditions":311,"keywords":312,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":316,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":317,"startDateStruct":319,"completionDateStruct":321,"leadSponsor":322,"locationsCount":98},"100620240","the-effect-of-dexmedetomidine-versus-lidocaine-on-emergence-agitation-100620240","NCT07355049","The Effect of Dexmedetomidine Versus Lidocaine on Emergence Agitation.","The Effect of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine Versus Intravenous Lidocaine on the Emergence Agitation After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery. A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Trial.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age : 18-60\n* ASA Physical Status I or II\n* Elective endoscopic sinus surgery under general anesthesia .\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Refusal to participate\n* Mental retardation or inability to communicate\n* Allergy to anesthetics or study medications .\n* Chronic use of beta blockers .\n* significant hepatic, neurologic, cardiovascular or respiratory disease .\n* BMI\\>35 kg\u002Fm2","60 Years",{"count":308,"type":21},80,[82],"The effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine versus intravenous lidocaine on the emergence agitation after endoscopic sinus surgery.",[27],[238,313,314,315],"Intravenous dexmedetomidine","Endoscopic sinus surgery","Intravenous lidocaine","2026-01-20",{"date":318,"type":35},"2026-01-21",{"date":320,"type":21},"2025-12-21",{"date":219,"type":21},{"name":275,"class":42},{"id":324,"slug":325,"hasResults":11,"nctId":326,"briefTitle":327,"officialTitle":328,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":329,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":161,"maxAge":330,"enrollmentInfo":331,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":333,"briefSummary":334,"conditions":335,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":88,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":340,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":341,"startDateStruct":343,"completionDateStruct":345,"leadSponsor":346,"locationsCount":98},"100619522","oral-melatonin-versus-nebulized-dexmedetomidine-on-emergence-agitation-in-children-undergoing-adenotonsillectomy-100619522","NCT07345715","Oral Melatonin Versus Nebulized Dexmedetomidine on Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy","Comparison Between Oral Melatonin Versus Nebulized Dexmedetomidine on Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children aged between 3 and 7 years.\n* Both sexes.\n* Classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists.\n* Scheduled for elective adenotonsillectomy under general anesthesia.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Parental refusal to participate in the study.\n* Known allergy or hypersensitivity to dexmedetomidine, melatonin or midazolam.\n* Presence of developmental delay.\n* Central nervous system disorders.\n* Intellectual disability (formerly termed mental retardation).\n* Neurological or psychiatric conditions associated with anxiety or agitation (e.g., cerebral palsy, epilepsy, separation anxiety disorder, attention-deficit\u002Fhyperactivity disorder).\n* Current or recent treatment with anticonvulsants or sedative medications","7 Years",{"count":332,"type":21},96,[82],"This study aims to compare the efficacy of using oral Melatonin versus nebulized Dexmedetomidine in limitation of emergence agitation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.",[336,337,27,338,339],"Oral Melatonin","Nebulized Dexmedetomidine","Children","Adenotonsillectomy","2026-01-07",{"date":342,"type":35},"2026-01-16",{"date":344,"type":35},"2025-07-01",{"date":151,"type":21},{"name":347,"class":42},"Tanta University",{"id":349,"slug":350,"hasResults":11,"nctId":351,"briefTitle":352,"officialTitle":353,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":354,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":355,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":356,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":358,"briefSummary":359,"conditions":360,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":361,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":362,"startDateStruct":364,"completionDateStruct":366,"leadSponsor":368,"locationsCount":4},"100613320","comparison-of-emergence-agitation-between-remimazolam-with-flumazenil-and-propofol-based-total-intravenous-anesthesia-in-patients-undergoing-nasal-surgery-100613320","NCT07265050","Comparison of Emergence Agitation Between Remimazolam With Flumazenil and Propofol-based Total Intravenous Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Nasal Surgery","Comparison of Emergence Agitation Between Remimazolam With Flumazenil and Propofol-based Total Intravenous Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Nasal Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria\n\n\\- Adults aged 19 years or older scheduled to undergo nasal surgery requiring general anesthesia\n\nExclusion Criteria\n\n* Declines or is unable to provide informed consent\n* Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg\u002Fm²\n* Pre-existing neurological or cognitive impairment\n* Known contraindication or allergy to remimazolam, propofol, or flumazenil\n* Any condition judged by the investigator to make participation inappropriate (e.g., unstable medical status, severe comorbidities)","19 Years",{"count":357,"type":21},204,[82],"Participants will be randomly assigned to receive general anesthesia with either remimazolaml-based total intravenous anesthesia reversed with flumazenil or propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia. The primary outcome is the incidence of emergence agitation evaluated at the time of awakening after surgery. Additional outcomes include time to extubation, hemodynamic stability, airway complications such as coughing or laryngospasm, and postoperative recovery profiles including pain, nausea, vomiting, and sedation in the post-anesthesia care unit. This study aims to determine whether remimazolam with flumazenil provides smoother emergence compared with propofol in patients undergoing nasal surgery.",[27],"2025-11-23",{"date":363,"type":35},"2025-12-04",{"date":365,"type":21},"2026-01-01",{"date":367,"type":21},"2027-12-31",{"name":369,"class":42},"Seoul National University Hospital",{"id":371,"slug":372,"hasResults":11,"nctId":373,"briefTitle":374,"officialTitle":375,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":376,"healthyVolunteers":50,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":208,"enrollmentInfo":377,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":378,"briefSummary":379,"conditions":380,"keywords":381,"overallStatus":88,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":385,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":386,"startDateStruct":388,"completionDateStruct":390,"leadSponsor":391,"locationsCount":98},"100604014","prevention-of-emergence-agitation-in-rhinoplasty-with-subanesthetic-propofol-and-single-dose-dexmedetomidine-a-prospective-double-blind-clinical-study-100604014","NCT07144007","Prevention of Emergence Agitation in Rhinoplasty With Subanesthetic Propofol and Single-Dose Dexmedetomidine: A Prospective Double-Blind Clinical Study","Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Medicine Ethics Committee","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients scheduled for rhinoplasty\n* Between 18-65 years\n* ASA I-II group\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Those who are outside the age range of 18-65\n* Those who are ASA III and above\n* Those with renal,hepatic, cardiac and respiratory diseases\n* Those with a known allergy to the medication to be used\n* Those who underwent urinary catheterization",{"count":308,"type":21},[82],"To compare of prevention of emergence agitation in rhinoplasty with subanesthetic propofol and single dose dexmedetomidine",[27],[382,383,167,384],"emergence agitaion","Propofol","Rhinoplasty","2025-08-26",{"date":387,"type":35},"2025-08-27",{"date":389,"type":35},"2025-04-15",{"date":219,"type":21},{"name":392,"class":42},"Yuzuncu Yil University",{"id":394,"slug":395,"hasResults":11,"nctId":396,"briefTitle":397,"officialTitle":398,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":399,"healthyVolunteers":50,"sex":16,"minAge":51,"maxAge":107,"enrollmentInfo":400,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":402,"briefSummary":403,"conditions":404,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":405,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":406,"startDateStruct":408,"completionDateStruct":410,"leadSponsor":411,"locationsCount":4},"100585004","phase-4-effects-of-nasal-administration-of-dexmedetomidine-on-pre-anesthesia-sedation-intraoperative-brain-electrical-activity-and-incidence-of-agitation-during-recovery-in-children-100585004","NCT06896721","Effects of Nasal Administration of Dexmedetomidine on Pre-anesthesia Sedation, Intraoperative Brain Electrical Activity, and Incidence of Agitation During Recovery in Children","Effects of Nasal Administration of Dexmedetomidine on Pre-Anesthesia Sedation, Intraoperative Brain Electrical Activity, and Incidence of Agitation During Recovery in Children: a Multicenter, Large Sample, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* 2≤ age ≤6 years old, gender is not limited;\n\n  * ASA anesthesia grade I \\~ II; ③ For children who intend to undergo minor surgery under general anesthesia (including but not limited to minor surgery such as ENT surgery and hernia surgery), the operation duration is expected to be no more than 2 hours; ④ Family members agree to participate in the study and voluntarily sign informed consent;\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Respiratory tract infection occurs within 4 weeks before surgery;\n\n  * Potential or other contraindications to general anesthesia;\n\n    * There are nasal diseases, nasal bleeding, sinusitis, nasal polyps and other conditions that affect nasal absorption; ④ Heart, liver, kidney and other vital organ dysfunction or blood system diseases;\n\n      * Allergy or intolerance to dexmedetomidine or other α2-adrenergic receptor agonists;\n\n        * Patients with mental illness or neurological diseases;\n\n          * Unable to complete the test, the child's guardian refused to participate; ⑧ Have participated in other clinical trials or need to participate in other clinical trials during the study period; ⑨ Other reasons that the researchers consider inappropriate to participate in this study.",{"count":401,"type":21},627,[57],"Pre - operative anxiety and emergence agitation are common issues among pediatric patients, which have various influences on the recovery progress and prognosis of children. Nasal administration of dexmedetomidine is a convenient and non - invasive sedation technique for children. This technique can reduce the incidences of pre - operative anxiety and emergence agitation. However, there are few studies on the effect of dexmedetomidine on intraoperative electroencephalographic activities.\n\nIn view of this, the investigators elaborately designed a prospective, multi - center, large - sample - sized, double - blind, randomized - controlled clinical trial. This trial aims to provide a basis for drug selection in pediatric anesthesia, ensuring the safety and comfort of pediatric anesthesia.\n\nThe investigators plan to select 627 participants who will undergo minor surgeries under general anesthesia. Thirty minutes before the surgery, dexmedetomidine or normal saline will be administered nasally to these participants. Before the surgery, the anxiety degree and sedation score of the participants will be assessed; during the surgery, the cooperation degree of patients during anesthesia induction will be evaluated and electroencephalographic monitoring will be carried out; after the surgery, the incidence of emergence agitation, the recovery time and the analgesic score of the participants will be assessed. Throughout the whole process, the occurrence of adverse reactions of participants will be fully monitored, and the adverse reactions will be timely recorded and treated.",[86,27],"2025-03-19",{"date":407,"type":35},"2025-03-26",{"date":409,"type":21},"2025-03-20",{"date":217,"type":21},{"name":412,"class":42},"Fuzhou Hua",{"id":414,"slug":415,"hasResults":11,"nctId":416,"briefTitle":417,"officialTitle":418,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":419,"healthyVolunteers":50,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":306,"enrollmentInfo":420,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":422,"briefSummary":424,"conditions":425,"keywords":426,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":405,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":429,"startDateStruct":431,"completionDateStruct":433,"leadSponsor":435,"locationsCount":98},"100584335","phase-3-the-effect-of-oral-gabapentin-on-emergence-agitation-and-delirium-in-adult-patients-after-nasal-surgery-100584335","NCT06887998","The Effect of Oral Gabapentin on Emergence Agitation and Delirium in Adult Patients After Nasal Surgery.","The Effect of Two Different Doses of Oral Gabapentin on Sevoflurane-associated Emergence Agitation and Delirium in Adult Patients After Nasal Surgery. A Prospective Controlled, Randomized, Double-blinded Study.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* All patients (male\u002Ffemale, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II, age: 18-60 years) undergoing elective nasal surgery will be eligible for the study.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. hypersensitivity to gabapentin\n2. patient refusal\n3. epilepsy\n4. neurological or psychological conditions that impair communication.\n5. current use of gabapentin, psychotropic or opioids medications.",{"count":421,"type":21},63,[423],"PHASE3","Emergence agitation is a postanesthetic phenomenon that develops in the early phase of recovery from general anesthesia, and is characterized by agitation, disorientation, confusion, and possible violent behavior. Emergence agitation can cause serious events such as self-extubation, bleeding, catheter removal and even falling out of the bed leading to severe injuries . Furthermore, it may lead to injuries to health care providers and increase the demand on human resources.\n\nWhile its pathogenesis remains unclear, previous studies reported that ENT (ear, nose, and throat) surgical procedures have a higher incidence of emergence agitation in both adults and children.\n\nEmergence agitation is a common phenomenon occurring in 22.2% in adult patients undergoing general anesthesia for nasal surgery .\n\nGabapentin, agamma-aminobutyricacidanalog, binds the voltage-gated calcium channels of the dorsal root ganglion, at α2-δ subunite. Gabapentin binding to these channels reduces the release of excitatory neurotransmitters preventing the propagation of painful stimuli which makes its use helpful in treatment of postoperative pain and agitation with less side effects compared with benzodiazepines and opioids . Gabapentin has been used in controlling acute perioperative conditions like preoperative anxiety, intraoperative attenuation of hemodynamic response to noxious stimuli and post operative pain, delirium and nausea and vomiting.\n\nA previous study examined the effect of oral gabapentin 600 mg in reducing emergence agitation in adult patients undergowing rhinoplasty, but this study will examine the effect of two different doses of oral gabapentin 400 mg and 600 mg in reducing emergence agitation after nasal surgery.",[27],[169,427,428],"gabapentin","nasal surgery",{"date":430,"type":35},"2025-03-21",{"date":432,"type":21},"2025-03",{"date":434,"type":21},"2026-03",{"name":436,"class":42},"Cairo University",{"id":438,"slug":439,"hasResults":11,"nctId":440,"briefTitle":441,"officialTitle":442,"acronym":443,"eligibilityCriteria":444,"healthyVolunteers":50,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":445,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":55,"phases":447,"briefSummary":448,"conditions":449,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":88,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":450,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":451,"startDateStruct":453,"completionDateStruct":454,"leadSponsor":456,"locationsCount":98},"100557507","efficacy-of-remifentanil-in-preventing-emergence-agitation-100557507","NCT06539013","Efficacy of Remifentanil in Preventing Emergence Agitation","Efficacy of Remifentanil in Preventing Emergence Agitation in Patients Undergoing Nasal Surgery Under Desflurane Anesthesia: A Prospective Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial.","agitation","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nThe study included patients over the age of 18, planned to undergo rhinoplasty by the plastic and reconstructive surgery department, and American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) I-II.\n\n\\-\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients with a known history of allergy to the drugs to be administered in the study, ASA III and above, body mass index (BMI) 35\\>kg\u002Fm2, younger than 18 years of age, any problems that would prevent general anesthesia in the preoperative evaluation (upper respiratory tract infection, etc.), and those who did not agree to participate in the study were excluded from the study.",{"count":446,"type":21},99,[82],"The primary aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that remifentanil administered for analgesia prevents emergence agitation more effectively than fentanyl and N2O in patients undergoing rhinoplasty who received desflurane as an inhaled anesthetic agent. The secondary aim of the study was to compare the demographic data, intraoperative and postoperative hemodynamic data, surgical time and modified Aldrete score of patients who received different intraoperative analgesia methods.",[27],"2024-08-01",{"date":452,"type":35},"2024-08-06",{"date":450,"type":35},{"date":455,"type":21},"2024-10-01",{"name":97,"class":42}]