[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"emergence-delirium-anesthesia\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:emergence-delirium-anesthesia":30},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,7,0,[8,52,80,112,143,167,189],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":15,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":19,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":23,"briefSummary":25,"conditions":26,"keywords":33,"overallStatus":39,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":40,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":41,"startDateStruct":44,"completionDateStruct":46,"leadSponsor":48,"locationsCount":51},"100621323","phase-4-propofol-only-versus-dexmedetomidine-propofol-in-children-undergoing-magnetic-resonance-imaging-100621323",false,"NCT07369128","Propofol-Only Versus Dexmedetomidine-Propofol in Children Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging","A Randomized, Dose-Ranging Trial of Propofol-Only and Dexmedetomidine-Propofol in Children Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients presenting as outpatients, scheduled to receive an anesthetic for MRI of brain, body (spine, chest, abdomen, and\u002For pelvis) and\u002For extremity (arm and\u002For leg).\n* Patients must be a candidate for the sedation technique described in this study with a natural airway. This decision will be made by a staff member of the Department of Anesthesiology.\n* Between 1 and 12 years of age.\n* ASA status I, II, or III\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Inpatient at BCH\n* Diagnosis of a difficult airway, severe obstructive sleep apnea that is not compatible with spontaneous ventilation in a supine position, or requires an oral airway.\n* Congenital heart disease or history of dysrhythmia.\n* Taking digoxin or beta-blocker\n* Anxiolytic medication is ordered before the MRI (e.g., midazolam or ketamine).\n* History or a family (parent or sibling) history of malignant hyperthermia.\n* Allergy to or has a contraindication to propofol, lidocaine, or dexmedetomidine.\n* Tracheostomy or other mechanical airway device present\n* Received within the past 12 hours an oral or intravenous alpha-adrenergic, beta-adrenergic agonist, or antagonist drugs (e.g., clonidine, propranolol, albuterol).\n* Patient is not scheduled to receive anesthesia-sedation care or is noted to \"try-without anesthesia\" for the MRI\n* Patient has significant developmental or psychological delays\n* Patient scheduled for scan of duration \\\u003C30 minutes or \\>90 minutes","ALL","1 Year","12 Years",{"count":20,"type":21},105,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[24],"PHASE4","The most common imaging procedure requiring sedation\u002Fanesthesia for the pediatric population is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the optimal anesthetic\u002Fsedation plan has not been determined for these procedures. Historically, common medications have included the use of pentobarbital and propofol, but in 2015, publication in the New England Journal of Medicine highlighted the accumulating evidence for the possible neurotoxic effects of these types of anesthetics in animal models and a collection of epidemiologic studies in humans. Although these initial possibilities have since been proven as less of a concern, in the interim, data has shown that alternative sedative agents, such as dexmedetomidine, may not have the same neurotoxic effect and could possibly even provide neuroprotection. Dexmedetomidine also possesses other beneficial traits such as reducing risks of pulmonary atelectasis or upper airway collapse, typically found with the administration of propofol.\n\nA concern raised by previous studies has been the possibility that the addition of dexmedetomidine could increase recovery times, leading to disruptions in workflow. Although it has been shown that large doses of dexmedetomidine exposure may lead to longer PACU stays, it is uncertain whether a small dose of dexmedetomidine would have such a significant impact. Based on the investigators' pilot trial6, the investigators found that a bolus of 1 mcg\u002Fkg dose of dexmedetomidine with a bolus of titrated propofol of 2-3 mg\u002Fkg and an infusion of propofol of 100 mcg\u002Fkg\u002Fmin provided adequate sedation for successful scans, reduced propofol (infusion) exposure by 60%, and did not significantly increase recovery times.\n\nFinally, there is a paucity in literature for studies examining a range of doses subsequently; often, a control group is compared to a single, self-selected dose of choice. Here, the investigators hope to provide a range of doses to minimize selection bias in our study design and determine the dose that would provide the optimal sedation for these scans and minimize excess anesthetic exposure.",[27,28,29,30,31,32],"MRI Sedation","Pediatric Sedation","Propofol Dosage","Emergence Delirium, Anesthesia","Recovery Time","Dexmedetomidine",[34,35,36,37,38],"pediatrics","sedation","dexmedetomidine","propofol","MRI","RECRUITING","2026-05-27",{"date":42,"type":43},"2026-05-29","ACTUAL",{"date":45,"type":21},"2026-06",{"date":47,"type":21},"2028-03",{"name":49,"class":50},"Boston Children's Hospital","OTHER",1,{"id":53,"slug":54,"hasResults":11,"nctId":55,"briefTitle":56,"officialTitle":57,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":58,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":59,"enrollmentInfo":60,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":62,"briefSummary":64,"conditions":65,"keywords":66,"overallStatus":39,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":71,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":72,"startDateStruct":74,"completionDateStruct":76,"leadSponsor":78,"locationsCount":51},"100634017","the-effect-of-eeg-and-bis-guided-anaesthesia-on-the-incidence-of-emergent-delirium-in-children-100634017","NCT07534215","The Effect of EEG and BIS-guided Anaesthesia on the Incidence of Emergent Delirium in Children","Comparison of the Effect of EEG and BIS-guided Anaesthesia on the Incidence of Emergent Delirium in Children: a Prospective Monocentric Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patient aged 1-6 years indicated for surgery (hernioplasty, orchidopexy)\n* Consent of parents\u002Flegal guardians\n* Health status corresponding to ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) I and II\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Disagreement of parents\u002Flegal guardians with inclusion in the study\n* Neurological disease, severe hearing and vision impairment\n* Health status corresponding to ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) III and above","6 Years",{"count":61,"type":21},540,[63],"NA","The aim of the study is to compare two modalities of measuring the depth of general anaesthesia on the incidence of emergent delirium in children.",[30],[67,68,69,70],"Emergence Delirium","EEG","Bispectral Index","General anaesthesia","2026-04-16",{"date":73,"type":43},"2026-04-21",{"date":75,"type":43},"2026-01-01",{"date":77,"type":21},"2028-12",{"name":79,"class":50},"University Hospital Ostrava",{"id":81,"slug":82,"hasResults":11,"nctId":83,"briefTitle":84,"officialTitle":85,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":86,"healthyVolunteers":87,"sex":16,"minAge":88,"maxAge":89,"enrollmentInfo":90,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":92,"briefSummary":93,"conditions":94,"keywords":99,"overallStatus":39,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":103,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":104,"startDateStruct":106,"completionDateStruct":108,"leadSponsor":110,"locationsCount":51},"100626441","efficacy-of-ultrasound-guided-greater-auricular-nerve-block-in-preventing-postoperative-emergence-agitation-in-pediatric-patients-undergoing-microscopic-middle-ear-surgery-100626441","NCT07435675","Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Greater Auricular Nerve Block in Preventing Postoperative Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Microscopic Middle Ear Surgery.","Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Greater Auricular Nerve Block in Preventing Postoperative Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Microscopic Middle Ear Surgery: A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED DOUBLE- BLINDED CLINICAL TRIAL","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 5 and 14 years (preschool to early school age group at highest risk for EA).\n* ASA physical status I or II.\n* Scheduled for elective microscopic middle ear surgery under general anesthesia (e.g., tympanoplasty, myringoplasty).\n* Ability to comply with FLACC and PAED scoring during postoperative period.\n* Informed consent obtained from a parent or legal guardian.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Known neurological, developmental, or psychiatric disorders (e.g., autism, ADHD, seizure disorder).\n* Known hypersensitivity to amide local anesthetics (e.g., lidocaine, bupivacaine).\n* Skin infection, hematoma, or trauma at or near the proposed block site.\n* Non-elective (emergency) or combined surgeries.\n* Inability to assess pain or agitation due to hearing loss, or communication impairment.\n* Parental or legal guardian refusal to participate.",true,"5 Years","14 Years",{"count":91,"type":21},74,[63],"This study is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided greater auricular nerve block (GAN) on the reduction of emergence agitation (EA) occurrence and EA severity in children who are receiving general anesthesia for a microscopic middle ear operation.",[95,30,96,67,97,98],"Emergence Agitation","Emergence From Anesthesia","Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Anesthesia","Emergence Agitation, Post Operative Behavioral Changes",[100,101,102],"emergence agitation","emergence delirium","EA","2026-02-23",{"date":105,"type":43},"2026-02-27",{"date":107,"type":43},"2025-08-01",{"date":109,"type":21},"2026-04-01",{"name":111,"class":50},"Fayoum University",{"id":113,"slug":114,"hasResults":11,"nctId":115,"briefTitle":116,"officialTitle":117,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":118,"healthyVolunteers":87,"sex":16,"minAge":119,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":120,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":122,"briefSummary":124,"conditions":125,"keywords":131,"overallStatus":133,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":134,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":135,"startDateStruct":137,"completionDateStruct":139,"leadSponsor":141,"locationsCount":4},"100618782","phase-3-melatonin-vs-midazolam-in-children-undergoing-tonsillectomy-100618782","NCT07336095","Melatonin vs Midazolam in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy","Effect of Oral Melatonin Versus Oral Midazolam as a Premedication in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n-ALL children with ASA class I and class II\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* chest infection\n* Abnormal mental milestones.\n* Children with any organ dysfunction.\n* Allergies to any of the drugs used.\n* Children with Obstructive sleep apnea.","3 Years",{"count":121,"type":21},195,[123],"PHASE3","Used as a premedication to decrease anxiety (Caumo et al., 2007). Midazolam, though has several drawbacks (McCann and Kain, 2001). Hence, an alternative premedication to midazolam will definitely have a widespread appeal.\n\nMelatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland. Melatonin is different from benzodiazepines and their derivatives in that it exerts a promoting effect on sleep by amplifying day\u002Fnight differences in alertness and sleep quality and displaying a modest sleep-inducing effect, quite mild as compared to that seen with benzodiazepines (Ahmad et al., 2007). Melatonin has also been reported to cause preoperative anxiolysis and an increase in levels of sedation without impairing orientation (Naguib and Samarkandi, 2000). Hence, the aim of this study is to compare the effect of oral melatonin and oral midazolam on preoperative anxiety.\n\nEmergence delirium (ED) was first described in the literature in the early 1960s. Although often used interchangeably with emergence agitation, it is defined as a temporary dissociated state of consciousness after discontinuation of anesthesia. The characteristics that make up ED include irritability, inconsolable crying, distress and inability to cooperate (Reduque and Verghese, 2013).\n\nMidazolam is the most prescribed oral premedication in the preoperative setting. Its benefits include preoperative anxiolysis, amnesia, relatively rapid onset and short duration of action. Although most children have anxiolysis with midazolam, up to 29% may display a paradoxical agitation response (Shin et al., 2013).\n\nOral melatonin doses up to 0.4 mg\u002Fkg (maximum 20 mg) are effective in reducing ED in children (age 3-7 years) (Kain et al., 2009).\n\nAIM OF THE WORK The study aims to compare the effects of oral melatonin and oral midazolam on preoperative anxiety as a premedication in children undergoing tonsillectomy.",[30,126,127,128,129,130],"Child","Anxiety","Midazolam Premedication","Melatonin Bioavailability","Tonsillectomy",[132],"melatonin, midazolam, anxiety, children, tonsillectomy","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-01-02",{"date":136,"type":43},"2026-01-13",{"date":138,"type":21},"2026-03-01",{"date":140,"type":21},"2026-08",{"name":142,"class":50},"Ain Shams University",{"id":144,"slug":145,"hasResults":11,"nctId":146,"briefTitle":147,"officialTitle":147,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":148,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":149,"maxAge":150,"enrollmentInfo":151,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":153,"briefSummary":154,"conditions":155,"keywords":156,"overallStatus":133,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":158,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":159,"startDateStruct":161,"completionDateStruct":163,"leadSponsor":165,"locationsCount":51},"100613617","phase-4-the-effect-of-propofol-versus-lidocaine-on-emergence-agitation-in-children-undergoing-tonsillectomy-100613617","NCT07268924","The Effect of Propofol Versus Lidocaine on Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Elective tonsillectomy operation\n* pediaterics between ( 4 : 7 ) years old\n* ASA I OR II\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* emergency cases as bleeding tonsills\n* ASA III OR IV","4 Years","7 Years",{"count":152,"type":21},82,[24],"This study aim to compare the effect of intravenous propofol versus intravenous lidocaine on emergence agitation in children undergoing tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy under general anesthesia.",[30],[157],"Emergence agitation in anesthesia","2025-12-04",{"date":160,"type":43},"2025-12-08",{"date":162,"type":21},"2026-01",{"date":164,"type":21},"2027-12",{"name":166,"class":50},"Assiut University",{"id":168,"slug":169,"hasResults":11,"nctId":170,"briefTitle":171,"officialTitle":172,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":173,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":59,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":174,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":176,"briefSummary":177,"conditions":178,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":133,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":180,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":181,"startDateStruct":183,"completionDateStruct":185,"leadSponsor":187,"locationsCount":4},"100611700","impact-of-neuromonitoring-on-postoperative-agitation-in-pediatric-general-anesthesia-100611700","NCT07243990","Impact of Neuromonitoring on Postoperative Agitation in Pediatric General Anesthesia","The Effect of Neuromonitoring on the Incidence of Postoperative Agitation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nPatients aged 6-12 years\n\nWithout chronic comorbid conditions\n\nNo history of epilepsy\n\nPresenting for surgery with preserved consciousness, oriented and cooperative\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nIntracranial surgeries\n\nIntellectual disability\n\nEmergency trauma cases\n\nForehead area unsuitable for electrode placement",{"count":175,"type":21},80,[63],"Postoperative agitation is frequently observed in the pediatric patient group following general anesthesia. The exact cause of this agitation has not been clearly determined; however, it may be associated with various factors such as anesthesia depth, family approach, postoperative pain, or unpleasant odors perceived by the child. The depth of anesthesia is indirectly monitored by observing the patient's blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation, as well as by assessing the alveolar concentration of the inhalation agent. Patients under anesthesia are in a state of deep sleep. In recent years, this sleep state has begun to be monitored more closely with the development of new devices.\n\nElectroencephalography (EEG) is a test that records and measures the brain's electrical activity, providing information about the depth of sleep according to the patient's brain activity. The Density Spectral Array (DSA) device, developed for use in operating rooms, facilitates the interpretation of EEG data and guides the anesthesiologist. In our operating room, patients under anesthesia are also monitored using this device.\n\nOur aim is to evaluate emergence agitation in patients monitored with this device compared to those who are not monitored.",[179,30],"Postoperative Agitation","2025-11-21",{"date":182,"type":43},"2025-11-24",{"date":184,"type":21},"2025-12-30",{"date":186,"type":21},"2026-06-01",{"name":188,"class":50},"Sakarya University",{"id":190,"slug":191,"hasResults":11,"nctId":192,"briefTitle":193,"officialTitle":194,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":195,"healthyVolunteers":87,"sex":16,"minAge":119,"maxAge":88,"enrollmentInfo":196,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":198,"briefSummary":199,"conditions":200,"keywords":201,"overallStatus":133,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":204,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":205,"startDateStruct":207,"completionDateStruct":209,"leadSponsor":211,"locationsCount":4},"100597338","effect-of-different-drugs-on-emergency-delirium-in-preschool-age-patient-100597338","NCT07057193","Effect of Different Drugs on Emergency Delirium in Preschool Age Patient","Effect of Dexmedetomidine, Ketamine or Midazolam on the Incidence and Severity of Emergence Delirium in Preschool-Aged Children Following Squint Surgeries Under Sevoflurane Anesthesia","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Parents or first degree relative acceptance. - Age: 3-5 years old. - Body weight: 5% -85% of BMI (kg \u002Fm2) of the same age and sex. - Sex: Both sexes. - Physical Status: Of class I and II according to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification. - Type of surgery: Squint surgeries under sevoflurane anesthesia.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* \\- Children with score 3 (i.e. anxious and crying) according to the three-point anxiety scale (Kain et al. 2004). - Children with preexisting abnormal behavior, psychiatric disorders, developmental delay or central nervous system diseases (epilepsy). - Children with chronic use of sedative drugs. - Children with severe respira",{"count":197,"type":21},92,[63],"Emergence delirium (ED) was first described by Eckenhoff and colleagues in the 1960s and is defined in pediatric anesthesia as 'dissociated state of consciousness in which child is irritable, uncompromising, uncooperative, incoherent, and inconsolably crying, moaning, and kicking or thrashing. The commonly reported incidence of postoperative ED in pediatric patients especially with the use of sevoflurane or desflurane was from 10% to 80% during their presence in the post-anesthesia care unit. This side effect of general anesthesia causes distressing for parents and staff and may cause parental dissatisfaction with their child's care. Children during postoperative ED have the risks of injuring themselves or their caregivers, disruption of surgical repair, operative site bleeding, removing Intravenous (iv) lines or drains and increasing pain. This behavior may require more nursing supervision, overloading nursing resources. Although postoperative ED episodes are of short duration, their prevention is essential. Children experiencing postoperative ED may exhibit new-onset maladaptive behavioral abnormalities in the postoperative period such as enuresis, night-time crying, and separation anxiety, up to 14 days post-surgery.\n\nThe risk factors to postoperative ED are patients' characters (preschool age and preexisting behavior), the surrounding environment as parental anxiety, type of anesthesia (volatile anesthetics) as sevoflurane or halothane and the type of surgery as tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, and strabismus surgery which is one of the most commonly undertaken surgeries in pediatric patients. It may cause visual disturbance in the recovery phase, which can result. In order to diagnose ED, the presence of pain during recovery from general anesthesia must be ruled out because it leads to a change in behavior that resembles delirium. Fortunately, one of the advantages of using the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale is its ability to distinguish between the ED and the change in behavior resulting from pain, because it focuses on changes in awareness and knowledge that are not changed by pain. Prophylactic drugs against the occurrence of postoperative ED include the adjuvant use of α2 adrenoreceptor agonists such as dexmedetomidine, ketamine, midazolam, propofol, and fentanyl. The use of these drugs with them adverse effects should be weighed against the fact that postoperative ED is a self-limited disorder. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist that is associated with sedative and analgesic sparing effects. It is commonly used for prevention of emergence delirium and agitation, perioperative sympatholysis, cardiovascular stabilization, and preservation of respiratory function. Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic. Its mechanism of action is mainly via a noncompetitive antagonism of the N - methyl - D - aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor. It also targets other receptors, such as a - amino - 3 - hydroxy - 5 - methyl - 4 - isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors, and has additional acts as an agonist of the sigma 1 receptor. It is commonly used for acute pain management, chronic pain management, prevention of ED, and postoperative nausea and vomiting. Midazolam is short acting benzodiazepine which is central nervous system depressant. It is commonly used for premedication during pediatric anesthesia, for prevention of emotional distress and ED due to its sedative and anxiolytic properties, additionally it used for reduction of the analgesic requirement and to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting",[30],[202,32,203],"emergency delirium","Midazolam","2025-07-10",{"date":206,"type":43},"2025-07-16",{"date":208,"type":21},"2025-07-15",{"date":210,"type":21},"2026-01-30",{"name":212,"class":213},"Zagazig University","OTHER_GOV"]