[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"emergence-delirium\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:emergence-delirium":29},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,20,0,[8,45,78,112,139,168,192,220,250,274,299,330,358,389,414,434,459,486,513,538],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":15,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":19,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":23,"briefSummary":26,"conditions":27,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":32,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":33,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":34,"startDateStruct":37,"completionDateStruct":39,"leadSponsor":41,"locationsCount":44},"100641205","phase-2-oral-versus-intravenous-magnesium-on-emergence-delirium-100641205",false,"NCT07655817","Oral Versus Intravenous Magnesium on Emergence Delirium","Effect of Oral Versus Intravenous Magnesium on Emergence Delirium in Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy: A Two-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children aged 4 to 7 years\n* American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) Status I or II\n* Planned for an adenotonsillectomy procedure under sevoflurane general anesthesia.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Parents declined to participate in the trial\n* Behavioral changes, neurological or psychiatric problems\n* Anticonvulsant or sedative drugs\n* Physical or developmental abnormalities\n* Allergies to magnesium\n* cardiovascular, renal, bone, or gastrointestinal diseases.","ALL","4 Years","7 Years",{"count":20,"type":21},360,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[24,25],"PHASE2","PHASE3","This prospective randomized controlled study will be conducted to compare the effects of preoperative oral magnesium and intraoperative IV magnesium on the incidence and severity of emergence delirium in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy using sevoflurane anesthesia.",[28,29,30,31],"Magnesium","Emergence Delirium","Children","Adenotonsillectomy","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-13",{"date":35,"type":36},"2026-06-18","ACTUAL",{"date":38,"type":21},"2026-06-24",{"date":40,"type":21},"2026-12-25",{"name":42,"class":43},"Tanta University","OTHER",1,{"id":46,"slug":47,"hasResults":11,"nctId":48,"briefTitle":49,"officialTitle":50,"acronym":51,"eligibilityCriteria":52,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":18,"maxAge":53,"enrollmentInfo":54,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":56,"briefSummary":58,"conditions":59,"keywords":62,"overallStatus":32,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":69,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":70,"startDateStruct":72,"completionDateStruct":74,"leadSponsor":76,"locationsCount":44},"100643719","pre-emptive-local-anesthesia-and-emergence-behavior-after-pediatric-dental-general-anesthesia-100643719","NCT07604337","Pre-emptive Local Anesthesia and Emergence Behavior After Pediatric Dental General Anesthesia","Effects of Pre-emptive Local Anesthesia on Emergence Behavior and Early Recovery Quality After Ambulatory Pediatric Dental General Anesthesia: A Parallel-Group Randomized Controlled Trial","PEDLA-QOR","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children aged 7 to 12 years\n* ASA physical status I or II\n* Scheduled for ambulatory dental treatment under general anesthesia\n* Ability to understand and respond to age-appropriate pain and recovery assessment tools\n* Written informed consent obtained from a parent or legal guardian\n* Child assent obtained when appropriate\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Known allergy or contraindication to local anesthetic agents\n* Developmental delay or cognitive impairment preventing assessment\n* Autism spectrum disorder or severe behavioral disorder\n* Neurological disease affecting behavior or consciousness\n* Chronic analgesic or sedative medication use\n* Severe hepatic, renal, cardiac, or respiratory disease\n* Emergency dental procedure\n* Need for postoperative hospital admission\n* Inability to complete postoperative assessment tools","12 Years",{"count":55,"type":21},80,[57],"NA","This study will evaluate whether pre-emptive local anesthesia improves early recovery after ambulatory pediatric dental general anesthesia. Children aged 7-12 years scheduled for dental treatment under general anesthesia will be randomly assigned to receive either pre-emptive local anesthesia or no local anesthesia. Emergence delirium, pain, sedation level, and recovery quality will be assessed during the early postoperative period. The primary outcome will be the longitudinal Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale score during the first 30 minutes in the post-anesthesia care unit.",[29,60,61],"Pediatric Dental General Anesthesia","Postoperative Recovery",[63,64,65,66,67,68],"Pre-emptive local anesthesia","Pediatric anesthesia","Dental anesthesia","Emergence behavior","QoR-15 Pictorial","Ambulatory surgery","2026-06-05",{"date":71,"type":36},"2026-06-09",{"date":73,"type":21},"2026-06",{"date":75,"type":21},"2026-12",{"name":77,"class":43},"seher orbay yasli",{"id":79,"slug":80,"hasResults":11,"nctId":81,"briefTitle":82,"officialTitle":83,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":84,"healthyVolunteers":85,"sex":16,"minAge":86,"maxAge":87,"enrollmentInfo":88,"targetDuration":90,"studyType":91,"phases":4,"briefSummary":92,"conditions":93,"keywords":96,"overallStatus":32,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":103,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":104,"startDateStruct":106,"completionDateStruct":108,"leadSponsor":110,"locationsCount":44},"100635405","effect-of-preoperative-fasting-duration-on-postoperative-pain-and-emergence-agitation-in-pediatric-patients-undergoing-urogenital-surgery-100635405","NCT07552259","Effect of Preoperative Fasting Duration on Postoperative Pain and Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Urogenital Surgery","The Impact of Preoperative Fasting Duration on Postoperative Pain and Emergence Agitation in Children Aged 2-8 Years Undergoing Elective Urogenital Surgery: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 2 and 8 years\n* ASA physical status I-II\n* Scheduled for elective urogenital surgery\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA physical status ≥ III\n* Malnutrition\n* Neuropsychiatric disorders\n* Respiratory tract infection\n* Developmental delay\n* Surgery longer than 2 hours",true,"2 Years","8 Years",{"count":89,"type":21},250,"1 Day","OBSERVATIONAL","This study aims to evaluate the effect of preoperative fasting duration on postoperative pain and emergence agitation in pediatric patients undergoing urogenital surgery.",[94,29,95],"Postoperative Pain","Emergence Agitation",[97,98,99,100,101,94,102],"Preoperative Fasting","Pediatric Anesthesia","FLACC","PAED","Urogenital Surgery","Postoperative Agitation","2026-04-30",{"date":105,"type":36},"2026-05-06",{"date":107,"type":21},"2026-05-01",{"date":109,"type":21},"2027-07-01",{"name":111,"class":43},"TC Erciyes University",{"id":113,"slug":114,"hasResults":11,"nctId":115,"briefTitle":116,"officialTitle":117,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":118,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":119,"minAge":120,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":121,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":91,"phases":4,"briefSummary":123,"conditions":124,"keywords":126,"overallStatus":129,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":130,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":131,"startDateStruct":133,"completionDateStruct":135,"leadSponsor":137,"locationsCount":44},"100345186","post-operative-cognitive-dysfunction-after-breast-surgery-100345186","NCT03774420","Post Operative Cognitive Dysfunction After Breast Surgery","Post-Operative Cognitive Dysfunction After Breast Surgery: Incidence and Relation With Common Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Data and Concentration of Propofol and Remifentanil Infused With Targeted Controlled Infusion (TCI )in Women With Laryngeal Mask Airway","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* General Anaesthesia delivered with Propofol and Remifentanil with Targeted Controlled Infusion\n* Use of Laryngeal Mask airway\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Neurological pathologies\n* Haemodynamical instability during surgery","FEMALE","18 Years",{"count":122,"type":21},200,"Aim of this trial is to define if Post-Operative Cognitive Dysfunction, detected analyzing changes between pre-operative and post-operative Neurocognitive Test, and Postoperative Delirium, relate to concentration of effector's site concentration of propofol and remifentanil TCI and to the common intraoperative neuromonitoring values as well as to Pupillometry values (in particular Pupil Diameter, Pupil Latency, and Maximum Contraction Velcoity).",[29,125],"Post-Operative Cognitive Dysfunction",[127,128],"Infusion pumps","Intraoperative brain monitoring","RECRUITING","2026-04-19",{"date":132,"type":36},"2026-04-21",{"date":134,"type":36},"2019-07-03",{"date":136,"type":21},"2027-12-31",{"name":138,"class":43},"University of Padova",{"id":140,"slug":141,"hasResults":11,"nctId":142,"briefTitle":143,"officialTitle":144,"acronym":145,"eligibilityCriteria":146,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":120,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":147,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":91,"phases":4,"briefSummary":149,"conditions":150,"keywords":152,"overallStatus":32,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":159,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":160,"startDateStruct":162,"completionDateStruct":164,"leadSponsor":166,"locationsCount":4},"100614200","verification-of-a-new-predictive-delirium-score-in-adults-with-elective-cardiac-valve-or-bypass-surgery-with-perioperative-use-of-a-heart-lung-machine-a-monocentric-pilot-observational-study-100614200","NCT07276503","Verification of a New Predictive Delirium Score in Adults With Elective Cardiac Valve or Bypass Surgery With Perioperative Use of a Heart-lung Machine; a Monocentric Pilot Observational Study","Predictors for the Development of Perioperative Delirium in Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Cardiac Surgery","MO-FA2-(TB)","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Elective cardiac surgery Heart valve surgery, bypass surgery with CPB\n* Length of stay in ICU \\> 48 hours\n* Age ≥18 years\n* Fluent German language skills\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age \\\u003C18 years\n* Lack of capacity to give consent\n* Emergency\n* Readmission to intensive care unit\n* OPCAB surgery, microsurgical procedure",{"count":148,"type":21},100,"Basics (state of scientific knowledge):\n\nDelirium is an acute disturbance of consciousness and attention that develops over a short period of time and fluctuates in severity. It is accompanied by a deterioration in cognitive performance, such as memory deficits, disorientation, and speech and thinking disorders, which significantly exceed the degree of any pre-existing limitations . Surgery and intensive medical treatment are considered to be two of the triggers.\n\nIn cardiac surgery, the incidence is reported to be between 10 and 50%, depending on the patient population. Delirium occurs approximately 3-4 days after surgery and lasts for several days. Relevant factors in the cardiac surgery population include age, duration of aortic clamping time or surgical technique, pre-existing conditions such as the extent of heart failure (EuroScore), diabetes mellitus, mental and cognitive impairments, or carotid stenosis.\n\nBoth current studies and current recommendations emphasize prevention and the lack of successful treatment options. Preventive measures are primarily investigated in packages of measures. The study presented here aims to define risk populations and test the sensitivity and specificity of the MO-FA2-(TB) score for the development of delirium.\n\nObjectives of the study:\n\nVerification of the predictive score \"MO-FA2-(TB)\" for the development of postoperative delirium Recording of delirium and associated influencing factors and endpoints\n\nCategories examined in the score:\n\nMemory using a list of words that must be memorized and repeated after a few minutes Orientation by asking about the year, month, date, day of the week, city, and location Frailty using the ASA score Use of heart-lung machine Incision-suture time\n\nStudy duration (for individual subjects):\n\npostoperative intensive care stay up to and including day 10\n\nStudy population Patients who have to undergo cardiac surgery with CPB\n\nInclusion criteria:\n\nElective cardiac surgery Heart valve surgery, bypass surgery with CPB Length of stay in ICU \\> 48 hours Age ≥18 years Fluent German language skills\n\nExclusion criteria:\n\nAge \\\u003C18 years Lack of capacity to give consent Emergency Readmission to intensive care unit OPCAB surgery, microsurgical procedure\n\nRecruitment: Information provided the day before surgery based on the surgical schedule If consent is given, score is recorded If ICU stay \\>48 hours, treatment data is recorded, otherwise exclusion Data collection up to and including d10\n\nTreatment data collected:\n\nPreoperative data, including ejection fraction, aids, abuse, scores collected (\"4AT test\" for rapid assessment of delirium and cognitive impairment, \"MO-FA2-(TB)\", \"geriatric check\" for identifying a geriatric patient) Intraoperative data, including duration of surgery, duration of heart-lung machine, acidosis Postoperative data in ICU, including delirium scores (ICDSC, CAM-ICU), days on ventilation, days of treatment, fluid intake, medication related to delirium, organ replacement therapy such as dialysis\n\nNumber of cases: Approx. 100 patients\n\nMethodology Monocentric, observation",[29,151],"Postoperative Delirium",[153,154,155,156,157,158,145],"predicitve","delirium","postoperative","valve surgery","bypass surgery","Score","2026-03-05",{"date":161,"type":36},"2026-03-06",{"date":163,"type":21},"2026-03-09",{"date":165,"type":21},"2028-05-30",{"name":167,"class":43},"University Hospital Tuebingen",{"id":169,"slug":170,"hasResults":11,"nctId":171,"briefTitle":172,"officialTitle":173,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":174,"healthyVolunteers":85,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":175,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":177,"briefSummary":179,"conditions":180,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":129,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":183,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":184,"startDateStruct":186,"completionDateStruct":188,"leadSponsor":190,"locationsCount":44},"100518839","phase-4-the-occurrence-of-emergence-agitation-in-pediatric-strabismus-surgery-100518839","NCT06035757","The Occurrence of Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Strabismus Surgery","The Effect of Administration of Sugammadex on the Occurrence of Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Strabismus Surgery-prospective Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients scheduled elective strabismus surgery aged 4-7 with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification 1-3.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA classification 3 or more\n* impaired liver function\n* impaired kidney function\n* myasthenia gravis or other neuromuscular disorders\n* history of drug allergy\n* cardiovascular disease or arrhythmia",{"count":176,"type":21},76,[178],"PHASE4","The present trial conducted to demonstrate the administration of sugammadex as reversal of neuromuscular blockade agent reduces the incidence of emergence agitation (EA) comparing to neostigmine",[29,181,182],"Strabismus","Pediatric ALL","2026-03-01",{"date":185,"type":36},"2026-03-03",{"date":187,"type":36},"2023-12-01",{"date":189,"type":21},"2026-03-30",{"name":191,"class":43},"Konkuk University Medical Center",{"id":193,"slug":194,"hasResults":11,"nctId":195,"briefTitle":196,"officialTitle":197,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":198,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":86,"maxAge":199,"enrollmentInfo":200,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":202,"briefSummary":203,"conditions":204,"keywords":205,"overallStatus":129,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":211,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":212,"startDateStruct":214,"completionDateStruct":216,"leadSponsor":218,"locationsCount":44},"100625808","phase-4-dexmedetomidine-midazolam-vs-ketamine-midazolam-on-emergence-delirium-100625808","NCT07427446","Dexmedetomidine-Midazolam vs. Ketamine-Midazolam on Emergence Delirium","Prophylactic Effect of Dexmedetomidine-midazolam Versus Ketamine-midazolam on Emergence Delirium After Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Pediatric Cardiac Catheterization: A Randomized Controlled Study.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Scheduled for elective cardiac catheterization under general anesthesia.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* neurological disorder, psychiatric disease, or current psychoactive medication.\n* allergy.\n* significant systemic comorbidities.","6 Years",{"count":201,"type":21},50,[178],"Fifty children undergoing heart catheterization without local anesthesia in the skin will be randomly divided into two groups.\n\nGroup DM (Dexmedetomidine + Midazolam) and Group KM (Ketamine + Midazolam)",[29],[206,207,208,209,210],"Emergence delirium","Dexmedetomidine","Ketamine","Midazolam","sevoflurane","2026-02-24",{"date":213,"type":36},"2026-02-27",{"date":215,"type":36},"2026-02-01",{"date":217,"type":21},"2027-03",{"name":219,"class":43},"Kasr El Aini Hospital",{"id":221,"slug":222,"hasResults":11,"nctId":223,"briefTitle":224,"officialTitle":225,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":226,"healthyVolunteers":85,"sex":16,"minAge":227,"maxAge":228,"enrollmentInfo":229,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":231,"briefSummary":232,"conditions":233,"keywords":238,"overallStatus":129,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":242,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":243,"startDateStruct":244,"completionDateStruct":246,"leadSponsor":248,"locationsCount":44},"100626441","efficacy-of-ultrasound-guided-greater-auricular-nerve-block-in-preventing-postoperative-emergence-agitation-in-pediatric-patients-undergoing-microscopic-middle-ear-surgery-100626441","NCT07435675","Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Greater Auricular Nerve Block in Preventing Postoperative Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Microscopic Middle Ear Surgery.","Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Greater Auricular Nerve Block in Preventing Postoperative Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Microscopic Middle Ear Surgery: A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED DOUBLE- BLINDED CLINICAL TRIAL","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 5 and 14 years (preschool to early school age group at highest risk for EA).\n* ASA physical status I or II.\n* Scheduled for elective microscopic middle ear surgery under general anesthesia (e.g., tympanoplasty, myringoplasty).\n* Ability to comply with FLACC and PAED scoring during postoperative period.\n* Informed consent obtained from a parent or legal guardian.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Known neurological, developmental, or psychiatric disorders (e.g., autism, ADHD, seizure disorder).\n* Known hypersensitivity to amide local anesthetics (e.g., lidocaine, bupivacaine).\n* Skin infection, hematoma, or trauma at or near the proposed block site.\n* Non-elective (emergency) or combined surgeries.\n* Inability to assess pain or agitation due to hearing loss, or communication impairment.\n* Parental or legal guardian refusal to participate.","5 Years","14 Years",{"count":230,"type":21},74,[57],"This study is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided greater auricular nerve block (GAN) on the reduction of emergence agitation (EA) occurrence and EA severity in children who are receiving general anesthesia for a microscopic middle ear operation.",[95,234,235,29,236,237],"Emergence Delirium, Anesthesia","Emergence From Anesthesia","Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Anesthesia","Emergence Agitation, Post Operative Behavioral Changes",[239,240,241],"emergence agitation","emergence delirium","EA","2026-02-23",{"date":213,"type":36},{"date":245,"type":36},"2025-08-01",{"date":247,"type":21},"2026-04-01",{"name":249,"class":43},"Fayoum University",{"id":251,"slug":252,"hasResults":11,"nctId":253,"briefTitle":254,"officialTitle":255,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":256,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":257,"maxAge":87,"enrollmentInfo":258,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":260,"briefSummary":261,"conditions":262,"keywords":263,"overallStatus":32,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":215,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":267,"startDateStruct":269,"completionDateStruct":270,"leadSponsor":272,"locationsCount":44},"100623285","transcutaneous-auricular-vagus-nerve-stimulation-for-prevention-of-emergence-agitation-and-delirium-in-children-undergoing-tonsillectomy-and-adenoidectomy-100623285","NCT07394647","Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Prevention of Emergence Agitation and Delirium in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy","Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Preventing Emergence Agitation and Delirium After Pediatric Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Interventional Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children aged 3 to 8 years.\n* Patients receiving care at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University with a diagnosis of tonsil and\u002For adenoid hypertrophy, scheduled for tonsillectomy and\u002For adenoidectomy under sevoflurane inhalation general anesthesia.\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II.\n* Ability to understand the study procedures and assessment scales, and to communicate effectively with study personnel.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA physical status III-IV, or presence of hepatic or renal dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, or endocrine disorders.\n* Neuromuscular disorders or dermatitis of the left auricle.\n* Recent respiratory infection, developmental delay, or autism spectrum disorder.\n* Receipt of specialized care, residence in social welfare institutions, or any other condition that may interfere with study participation.\n* Current enrollment in another clinical trial.","3 Years",{"count":259,"type":21},120,[57],"Brief Summary This study is designed to find out whether transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) can safely reduce restlessness and confusion when children wake up from anesthesia after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. These problems, called emergence agitation and delirium, are common after surgery and can cause distress for both children and their families.TaVNS is a non-invasive treatment that delivers mild electrical stimulation to a specific area of the ear connected to the vagus nerve. It does not involve needles or medication, and children usually feel only a gentle tingling sensation.In this randomized, double-blind study, children will be assigned by chance to receive either taVNS or a sham (placebo) stimulation during surgery. Neither the children, their families, nor the medical team providing care will know which treatment each child receives.Researchers will observe and record how calmly children wake up from anesthesia, whether they show signs of delirium, and any side effects. The goal of this study is to test whether taVNS is an effective and safe way to improve recovery and comfort for children after surgery.",[95,29],[264,95,29,265,266],"Pediatric","taVNS","Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS)",{"date":268,"type":36},"2026-02-06",{"date":211,"type":21},{"date":271,"type":21},"2026-12-30",{"name":273,"class":43},"The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University",{"id":275,"slug":276,"hasResults":11,"nctId":277,"briefTitle":278,"officialTitle":279,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":280,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":227,"maxAge":281,"enrollmentInfo":282,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":284,"briefSummary":285,"conditions":286,"keywords":288,"overallStatus":129,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":290,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":291,"startDateStruct":293,"completionDateStruct":295,"leadSponsor":297,"locationsCount":44},"100541061","language-during-inhalational-induction-100541061","NCT06324955","Language During Inhalational Induction","A Prospective Randomized Study Comparing Positive Language vs Common Language During Inhalational Induction","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA 1 and 2 (Healthy Patients)\n* Non-emergent cases\n* 5-10 year olds\n* Patients receiving inhalational induction\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Non-English speaking\n* History of prior inhalational inductions\n* Hearing difficulty\n* Behavioral difficulty (Autism, Oppositional Defiant Disorder)\n* Patients receiving premedication other than midazolam","10 Years",{"count":283,"type":21},128,[57],"The aim of this study is to compare the impact of common (standard of care) language vs positive language used by clinicians during inhalational induction of anesthesia on anxiety and negative behaviors in children. This is a prospective randomized parallel group trial. Patients will be randomized 1:1 to the common\u002Fstandard language group or the positive language group.",[29,287],"Anesthesia; Adverse Effect",[289],"Anesthesia induction","2026-01-08",{"date":292,"type":36},"2026-01-09",{"date":294,"type":36},"2024-04-08",{"date":296,"type":21},"2027-04",{"name":298,"class":43},"Boston Children's Hospital",{"id":300,"slug":301,"hasResults":11,"nctId":302,"briefTitle":303,"officialTitle":304,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":305,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":86,"maxAge":199,"enrollmentInfo":306,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":308,"briefSummary":309,"conditions":310,"keywords":316,"overallStatus":129,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":322,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":323,"startDateStruct":325,"completionDateStruct":327,"leadSponsor":328,"locationsCount":44},"100523211","effect-of-fpca-on-incidence-of-emergency-delirium-in-children-after-surgery-100523211","NCT06092671","Effect of FPCA on Incidence of Emergency Delirium in Children After Surgery","Effect of Family-centred Perioperative Care for Anaesthesia on Incidence of Emergency Delirium in Children After Surgery: a Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial","Inclusion criteria:\n\n1. Children aged 2-6 years undergoing elective surgery with an estimated surgical duration of no longer than 2 hours;\n2. Receiving first general anaesthesia by inhalation, and American Society of Anaesthesiology (ASA) physical status I to II;\n3. A parent signed the informed consent form.\n\nExclusion criteria:\n\n1. Suffering important organ diseases;\n2. History of developmental retardation, neuropsychiatric diseases, psychological or cognitive impairment;\n3. History of severe hearing or visual impairment;\n4. Children are not suitable for inhalation anaesthesia considered by the researchers;\n5. The parent involving in this trial spends less than three months a year with the child;\n6. The parent is not competent for companionship considered by the researchers;\n7. Neither father nor mother is able to participate in the screening interview and the trial.",{"count":307,"type":21},444,[57],"Emergence delirium (ED) stands out as a prevalent postoperative complication among paediatric patients, correlating with extended hospitalization periods, escalated healthcare expenses, and increased incidence of postoperative maladaptive behaviours (POMBs). There is a lack of well-established pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions demonstrating efficacy in reducing the occurrence of ED. Therefore, our objective is to assess the potential of family-centred perioperative care for anaesthesia (FPCA) in mitigating the incidence of ED in children, compared with routine anaesthesia.",[311,312,313,29,314,315],"Postoperative Complications","Child","Family","General Anaesthesia","Perioperative Care",[317,318,319,320,321],"perioperative care","emergency delirium","paediatric","general anaesthesia","postoperative maladaptive behaviours","2025-12-21",{"date":324,"type":36},"2025-12-29",{"date":326,"type":36},"2023-10-24",{"date":75,"type":21},{"name":329,"class":43},"Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University",{"id":331,"slug":332,"hasResults":11,"nctId":333,"briefTitle":334,"officialTitle":335,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":336,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":337,"maxAge":338,"enrollmentInfo":339,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":341,"briefSummary":342,"conditions":343,"keywords":345,"overallStatus":129,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":349,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":350,"startDateStruct":352,"completionDateStruct":354,"leadSponsor":356,"locationsCount":44},"100502416","phase-4-nebulized-dexmedetomidine-combined-with-ketamine-versus-nebulized-dexmedetomidine-for-cleft-palate-100502416","NCT05821972","Nebulized Dexmedetomidine Combined With Ketamine Versus Nebulized Dexmedetomidine for Cleft Palate","Nebulized Dexmedetomidine Combined With Ketamine Versus Nebulized Dexmedetomidine to Induce Preoperative Sedation and Attenuate Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing Cleft Palate Repair Surgeries","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I \\& II who will be scheduled for cleft palate repair surgeries\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Parent refusal\n* Allergy to the study drugs\n* Suspected difficult airway\n* Patients with endocrine, renal, hepatic, and cardiac pathology\n* Psychiatric diseases\n* Asthmatic patients.","12 Months","48 Months",{"count":340,"type":21},60,[178],"To compare the efficacy of the pre-operative nebulization of a combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine versus nebulization of dexmedetomidine alone for sedation and prevention of emergence delirium in children undergoing cleft palate repair surgeries.",[344,29],"Sedation",[346,208,347,348,344,206],"dexmedetomidine","Nebulization","Cleft palate","2025-09-30",{"date":351,"type":36},"2025-10-03",{"date":353,"type":36},"2024-04-10",{"date":355,"type":21},"2025-10-30",{"name":357,"class":43},"Assiut University",{"id":359,"slug":360,"hasResults":11,"nctId":361,"briefTitle":362,"officialTitle":363,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":364,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":365,"maxAge":199,"enrollmentInfo":366,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":368,"briefSummary":369,"conditions":370,"keywords":374,"overallStatus":129,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":379,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":380,"startDateStruct":382,"completionDateStruct":384,"leadSponsor":386,"locationsCount":388},"100596507","phase-4-remimazolam-and-emergence-delirium-in-pediatrics-100596507","NCT07046364","Remimazolam and Emergence Delirium in Pediatrics","The Effect of Remimazolam on Emergence Delirium in Pediatrics Undergoing Neurosurgery With Sevoflurane Anesthesia","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Aged 1 to 6 years old\n* Planned to receive elective neurosurgery under general anesthesia\n* Expected duration of surgery \\> 1 hour\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Allergy to benzodiazepine\n* Use of other sedatives within 12 hours before surgery such as benzodiazepines, propofol, chloral hydrate, etc.,\n* ASA classification IV or above\n* Unable to complete emergence delirium assessment, such as language, hearing or vision impairment.","1 Year",{"count":367,"type":21},248,[178],"Emergence delirium is a common complication in pediatrics undergoing neurosurgery. Previous study showed that a single bolus of remimazolam was associated with lower incidence of postoperative agitation. Present study was designed to investigate if remimazolam supplemented to sevoflurane anesthesia could decrease the risk of emergence delirium in pediatrics undergoing neurosurgery.",[264,371,372,373,29],"Neurosurgery","Sevoflurane Anesthesia","Remimazolam",[240,375,376,377,378],"remimazolam","pediatric","neurosurgery","sevoflurane anesthesia","2025-06-28",{"date":381,"type":36},"2025-07-01",{"date":383,"type":36},"2025-01-01",{"date":385,"type":21},"2027-01-01",{"name":387,"class":43},"Peking University First Hospital",2,{"id":390,"slug":391,"hasResults":11,"nctId":392,"briefTitle":393,"officialTitle":394,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":395,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":120,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":396,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":91,"phases":4,"briefSummary":398,"conditions":399,"keywords":403,"overallStatus":129,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":405,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":406,"startDateStruct":408,"completionDateStruct":410,"leadSponsor":412,"locationsCount":44},"100558028","intraoperative-diagnosis-of-neurocognitive-complications-via-electroencephalographic-analysis-100558028","NCT06545786","Intraoperative Diagnosis of Neurocognitive Complications Via Electroencephalographic Analysis","Intraoperative Diagnosis of Neurocognitive Complications Via Electroencephalographic (IDEA Network)","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 18 years\n* Scheduled non-cardiac surgery of intermediate or high risk\n* General anesthesia using inhalational anesthetics\n* Informed consent from the patient to participate in the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Preoperative MMSE score less than 20 points\n* History of any mental illness\n* Use of psychotropic drugs within 1 month prior to inclusion in the study\n* Presence of neuromuscular diseases\n* Neurosurgical procedures\n* Inability to undergo preoperative testing for any reason",{"count":397,"type":21},265,"Postoperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) are serious and common complications after surgery, especially in elderly patients. These disorders can affect cognitive functions for years, deteriorating quality of life and increasing hospital stays and medical costs. Diagnosing PND is challenging due to their varied manifestations, such as memory and attention problems, and the lack of standardized criteria and biomarkers.\n\nOne well-studied form of PND is postoperative delirium (POD). According to the ICD-10, POD is an organic cerebral syndrome characterized by disturbances in consciousness, attention, perception, and other cognitive functions. Researchers suggest that POD development involves a combination of predisposing and precipitating factors.\n\nElectroencephalography (EEG) has been used in anesthesiology to assess anesthesia depth and intraoperative awareness. Modern EEG analysis methods, like spectral analysis, offer new ways to evaluate patients' neurophysiological states. Studies show that EEG monitoring can predict complications such as intraoperative stroke and delirium, particularly in cardiothoracic and neurosurgical operations.\n\nThe relationship between EEG patterns and POD is not well understood. Specific EEG patterns may indicate the risk of POD, aiding in the identification of risk factors and prevention methods. This could help anesthesiologists and surgeons optimize their approaches, reducing the risk of cognitive complications.",[400,151,401,402,29],"Surgery","Anesthesia","Silent Stroke",[404,401,151,402,29],"Non-cardiac surgery","2025-04-04",{"date":407,"type":36},"2025-04-08",{"date":409,"type":36},"2024-09-25",{"date":411,"type":21},"2027-08-20",{"name":413,"class":43},"Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology",{"id":415,"slug":416,"hasResults":11,"nctId":417,"briefTitle":418,"officialTitle":419,"acronym":420,"eligibilityCriteria":421,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":120,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":422,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":91,"phases":4,"briefSummary":424,"conditions":425,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":129,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":426,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":427,"startDateStruct":428,"completionDateStruct":430,"leadSponsor":432,"locationsCount":44},"100487847","prognosis-of-patients-who-presented-with-a-state-of-extreme-agitation-100487847","NCT05632419","Prognosis of Patients Who Presented With a State of Extreme Agitation.","Assess the 6-month Prognosis of Patients Who Presented With a State of Extreme Agitation: \"Excited Delirium Syndrome\" AGICOHORT","AGICOHORT","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Agitated patient with the presence of three major criteria, namely,\n* restlessness\n* insensitivity to pain\n* tachypnea (fr\\>20)\n\nand the presence of a minor criterion among\n\n* sweating\n* skin hyperthermia\n* non-compliance with law enforcement\n* tirelessness\n* unusual strength\n* inappropriate clothing, nudity\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* patient age \\\u003C 18 years\n* head trauma\n* pregnancy\n* detained\n* other obvious causes of pain leading to restlessness (renal colic, migraines, etc.)",{"count":423,"type":21},608,"The main objective is to assess the 6-month prognosis of patients who presented with extreme agitation in the emergency room.\n\nThe primary endpoint is the 6-month mortality of agitated patients.",[29],"2025-04-01",{"date":405,"type":36},{"date":429,"type":36},"2023-01-17",{"date":431,"type":21},"2027-01-17",{"name":433,"class":43},"Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris",{"id":435,"slug":436,"hasResults":11,"nctId":437,"briefTitle":438,"officialTitle":439,"acronym":440,"eligibilityCriteria":441,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":365,"maxAge":199,"enrollmentInfo":442,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":444,"briefSummary":445,"conditions":446,"keywords":447,"overallStatus":129,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":451,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":452,"startDateStruct":454,"completionDateStruct":456,"leadSponsor":457,"locationsCount":44},"100480845","phase-3-melatonin-for-prevention-of-postoperative-agitation-and-emergence-delirium-in-children-100480845","NCT05541276","MELAtonin for Prevention of Postoperative Agitation and Emergence Delirium in Children","MELAtonin for Prevention of Postoperative Agitation and Emergence Delirium in Children. The MELA-PAED Trial: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.","MELA-PAED","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients aged 1-6 years\n* Elective surgical procedure of en axpected duration of at least 30 minutes in general anesthesia maintained with sevoflurane\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Any known allergy or contraindication to study treatment or excipåients\n* Current daily medication with melatonin",{"count":443,"type":21},400,[25],"Postoperative agitation and emergence delirium describe a spectrum of symptoms of early postoperative negative behavior, in which the child experiences a variety of behavioral disturbances including crying, thrashing, and disorientation during early awakening from anaesthesia. The symptoms are common with a reported incidence of approximately 25%. Some clinical trials have studied the effect of prophylactic oral melatonin for reducing the risk of emergence agitation in children, some finding a considerable dose-response effect. Melatonin has a low bio-availability of approximately 15 %. The safety of exogenous melatonin for pediatric patients has been studied with no apparent serious adverse effects, even at repeated short-term use of high doses of intravenous melatonin. The aim of this clinical trial is to investigate the prophylactic effects and safety of intravenous melatonin administered intraoperatively for prevention of postopreative agitation and emergence delirium in children after an elective surgical procedure. The study is designed as a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.",[29],[401,448,449,94,312,450],"Melatonin","Sevoflurane","PONV","2025-01-22",{"date":453,"type":36},"2025-01-24",{"date":455,"type":36},"2025-01-21",{"date":385,"type":21},{"name":458,"class":43},"Rigshospitalet, Denmark",{"id":460,"slug":461,"hasResults":11,"nctId":462,"briefTitle":463,"officialTitle":464,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":465,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":466,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":467,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":469,"briefSummary":470,"conditions":471,"keywords":473,"overallStatus":32,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":478,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":479,"startDateStruct":481,"completionDateStruct":482,"leadSponsor":484,"locationsCount":4},"100573889","quantitative-neurofeedback-techniques-for-treating-perioperative-cognitive-disorders-in-elderly-patients-100573889","NCT06752148","Quantitative Neurofeedback Techniques for Treating Perioperative Cognitive Disorders in Elderly Patients","Quantitative Measurement of Brain State and Neurofeedback Intervention Techniques for the Treatment of Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders in Elderly Patients","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients undergoing elective major surgery (colorectal, pancreatic-gastric, hepatobiliary, thoracic, gynaecological and urological) under general anaesthesia;\n* Expected duration of surgery \\>2 hours;\n* Age ≥65 years;\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* refused to participate in this study;\n* preoperative MMSE score \\\u003C26 or if the patient's educational level was lower than high school, MMSE \\\u003C24 and active depressive state (GDS-15 score \\>9);\n* underwent neurosurgery or the surgery itself interfered with the patient's postoperative communicative communication (e.g., tracheotomy);\n* severe organ dysfunction;\n* underwent cardiac surgery, (e) Undergoing cardiac surgery, neurosurgery, or neurosurgery;\n* ASA classification IV or higher.","65 Years",{"count":468,"type":21},390,[57],"The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if quantitative measurement of brain and neurofeedback intervention techniques works to prevent perioperative neurocognitive deficits in elderly oncology patients who are to undergo elective major surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* Can neurofeedback intervention training reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly oncology patients? Researchers will compare the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly oncology patients after training in neurofeedback intervention with those after living a normal life, to see if training in neurofeedback intervention before surgery is effective in preventing the development of postoperative delirium.\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* Take neurocognitive feedback intervention training for 14 days prior to surgery (recommended to be used for at least 1 hour per day for a cumulative preoperative use of 14 hours).\n\n  * Received preoperative and postoperative assessments of cognitive function by a third-party researcher, as well as daily delirium assessments for 7 days postoperatively.\n\n    * The subjects in the control group lived a normal life every day before the operation, and the rest of the measures were the same as those in the intervention group.",[29,472],"Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder",[474,475,476,477],"perioperative neurocognitive disorder","neurofeedback intervention training","elderly patients","quantitative measurement of brain","2025-01-06",{"date":480,"type":36},"2025-01-08",{"date":383,"type":21},{"date":483,"type":21},"2026-12-31",{"name":485,"class":43},"Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences",{"id":487,"slug":488,"hasResults":11,"nctId":489,"briefTitle":490,"officialTitle":491,"acronym":492,"eligibilityCriteria":493,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":257,"maxAge":281,"enrollmentInfo":494,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":496,"briefSummary":497,"conditions":498,"keywords":500,"overallStatus":32,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":504,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":505,"startDateStruct":507,"completionDateStruct":509,"leadSponsor":511,"locationsCount":4},"100559141","phase-4-low-flow-anesthesia-in-children-undergoing-strabismus-surgery-100559141","NCT06560268","Low Flow Anesthesia in Children Undergoing Strabismus Surgery","Effects of Different Fresh Gas Flows on Emergence Agitation and Anesthetic Agent Consumption in Children Undergoing Strabismus Surgery","LFA in child","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* 3-10 years old children with strabismus\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Mental retardation\n* Cardiovascular disease\n* Serebrovasculay disease\n* Renal disease\n* Hepatic disease\n* Pulmonary disease",{"count":495,"type":21},150,[178],"Emergence agitation (EA) involves restlessness, disorientation, excitation, non-purposeful movement, inconsolability, thrashing, and incoherence during early recovery from general anesthesia. Sevoflurane and desflurane have increased the incidence of EA in children. A proposed explanation for this is that sevoflurane and desflurane cause differential recovery rates in brain function, due to differences in clearance of inhalational anesthetics from the central nervous system; whereas audition and locomotion recover first, cognitive function recovers later, resulting in EA. Low-flow anaesthesia (LFA) occurs when the fresh gas flow (FGF) is significantly lower than the patient's minute volume. In a low-flow system, the recirculated fraction should amount to at least 50% after carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption.In LFA using minimal FGF (250-500 mL\u002Fmin), if the vaporizer is turned off 10-15 minutes before the end of the operation and the FGF is not changed, the inhaled anesthetic agent concentration gradually and slowly decreases to zero and the inhaled agent consumption decreases even more. In a study conducted on infants undergoing cleft lip-palate surgery, it was shown that the incidence of postoperative agitation were statistically lower in infants who administered 0.5 L\u002Fmin FGF.\n\nStrabismus surgery is one of the most frequently performed ophthalmologic operations in children and is associated with moderate postoperative pain and a high incidence of EA (40-86%). The incidence of EA after strabismus surgery is high, especially due to visual disturbances; however, the pathogenesis of this condition remains unclear. In our study, the effects of different FGFs administered in children undergoing strabismus surgery on EA and anesthetic agent consumption will be investigated.",[499,449,181,29],"Low Flow Anesthesia",[239,501,502,503],"strabismus","children","low flow anesthesia","2024-08-23",{"date":506,"type":36},"2024-08-26",{"date":508,"type":21},"2024-11-04",{"date":510,"type":21},"2025-07-04",{"name":512,"class":43},"Cukurova University",{"id":514,"slug":515,"hasResults":11,"nctId":516,"briefTitle":517,"officialTitle":518,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":519,"healthyVolunteers":85,"sex":16,"minAge":86,"maxAge":199,"enrollmentInfo":520,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":522,"briefSummary":524,"conditions":525,"keywords":526,"overallStatus":129,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":529,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":530,"startDateStruct":532,"completionDateStruct":534,"leadSponsor":536,"locationsCount":388},"100558036","phase-1-ketofol-versus-dexmedetomidine-for-prevention-of-emergence-delirium-in-pediatric-patients-undergoing-squint-surgeries-100558036","NCT06545890","Ketofol Versus Dexmedetomidine for Prevention of Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Squint Surgeries","Ketofol Versus Dexmedetomidine for Prevention of Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Squint Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Study.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* • All pediatric patients aged 2 to 6 years.\n\n  * Both sexes.\n  * ASA physical status I and II.\n  * Patients undergoing squint surgery.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* • Refusal of parents.\n\n  * Patient sensitivity to any of the study medications.\n  * Known neurological disease that can affect the assessment of ED postoperatively.",{"count":521,"type":21},46,[523,24],"PHASE1","The aim of the study is to compare the effectiveness of ketofol for the prevention of emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing squint surgery, in comparison to dexmedetomidine.",[29],[527,346,528,502],"ketofol","squint surgeries","2024-08-16",{"date":531,"type":36},"2024-08-20",{"date":533,"type":36},"2024-08-10",{"date":535,"type":21},"2024-11-10",{"name":537,"class":43},"Cairo University",{"id":539,"slug":540,"hasResults":11,"nctId":541,"briefTitle":542,"officialTitle":543,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":544,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":86,"maxAge":87,"enrollmentInfo":545,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":91,"phases":4,"briefSummary":546,"conditions":547,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":129,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":548,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":549,"startDateStruct":551,"completionDateStruct":553,"leadSponsor":555,"locationsCount":44},"100500775","frontal-alpha-asymmetry-and-pediatric-emergence-delirium-100500775","NCT05800639","Frontal Alpha Asymmetry and Pediatric Emergence Delirium","Mediation Role of Perioperative Electroencephalogram Frontal Alpha Asymmetry to Pediatric Emergence Delirium","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children aged 2-8 year\n* Children with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status of I-II\n* Children who are scheduled to undergo elective ophthalmological requiring general anesthesia\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Emergency surgery\n* Patients with developmental delays\n* Patients with neurological or psychiatric diseases associated with symptoms of agitation, anxiety, attention deficit, sleep disturbances\n* Patients with autism\n* Patients with a recent history (within one month) of receiving general anesthesia\n* Patients with congenital or genetic diseases that may influence brain development",{"count":55,"type":21},"This study aimed to investigate whether the association between the preoperative anxiety level and emergence delirium involves EEG frontal alpha asymmetry in pediatric patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery under general anesthesia. The investigators hypothesized that EEG frontal alpha asymmetry contributes a significant portion of the preoperative anxiety - emergence delirium association in pediatric patients. Mediation analysis will be performed to estimate the relationships between preoperative anxiety of children (modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS)), EEG frontal alpha asymmetry, and emergence delirium (Pediatric Assessment of Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale).",[29],"2024-08-14",{"date":550,"type":36},"2024-08-15",{"date":552,"type":36},"2023-04-06",{"date":554,"type":21},"2025-04-20",{"name":556,"class":43},"Gangnam Severance Hospital"]