[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"fmri\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:fmri":27},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,11,0,[8,47,66,77,108,127,151,159,188,230,255],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":13,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":14,"healthyVolunteers":15,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":19,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":23,"conditions":24,"keywords":28,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":37,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":38,"startDateStruct":41,"completionDateStruct":4,"leadSponsor":43,"locationsCount":46},"100053293","top-down-attentional-control-of-visual-processing-100053293",false,"NCT01087281","Top-Down Attentional Control of Visual-Processing","* INCLUSION CRITERIA:\n\nAll Subjects\n\n1. All subjects will be 18 years of age or older and have at least a high school education.\n2. Capacity to provide their own informed consent, understand and cooperate with study procedures.\n3. Able to read and write in English to guarantee understanding of all written and spoken instructions, which are in English.\n\nPatients:\n\n1. Unilateral or bilateral focal lesions of prefrontal, parietal, occipital or temporal cortex, or amygdala.\n2. At least three months post-stroke, lobectomy and or neurosurgical resection.\n\nHealthy volunteers:\n\n1\\. Neurologically normal and in good general health.\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA\n\nPatients:\n\n1. Any neurological or psychiatric disorder not related to the focal lesion (e.g., epilepsy, schizophrenia, etc.). Epilepsy patients who have undergone surgery and as a result are seizure free may be recruited.\n2. Previous head injury.\n3. Present or past (within past 6 months) drug or alcohol abuse or addiction as determined by a qualified study neurologist\u002Fpsychiatrist.\n4. Radiation treatment to the brain during a three-month period prior to the experiment.\n\nHealthy volunteers:\n\n1. Any neurological or psychiatric disorder (e.g., epilepsy, schizophrenia, etc.)\n2. Previous head injury.\n3. Present or past (within past 6 months) drug or alcohol abuse or addiction based on DSM-5 criteria as determined during History and Physical exam.\n\nADDITIONAL EXCLUSION CRITERIA FOR MRI SCAN:\n\nPatients and Healthy volunteers:\n\n1. Women who are pregnant and women of child-bearing potential who refuse to undergo a urine pregnancy test will be excluded from fMRI experiments.\n2. Subjects who have contraindications to MRI scanning will be excluded from fMRI experiments but included in cognitive experiments. These contraindications include:\n\n   1. central nervous system aneurysm clips;\n   2. implanted neural stimulator;\n   3. implanted cardiac pacemaker or defibrillator;\n   4. cochlear implant;\n   5. ocular foreign body (e.g., metal shavings);\n   6. insulin pump;\n   7. metal shrapnel or bullet;\n   8. any implanted device that is incompatible with MRI.\n3. Conditions that preclude scanning, e.g., morbid obesity, claustrophobia.\n\nADDITIONAL EXCLUSION CRITERIA FOR TASKS INVOLVING COLOR DISCRIMINATION:\n\nPatients and Healthy volunteers:\n\nSubjects who are determined during screening or history and physical exam to be color-blind will be excluded from participating in certain tasks that involve color discrimination.",true,"ALL","18 Years","100 Years",{"count":20,"type":21},300,"ESTIMATED","OBSERVATIONAL","Background:\n\n\\- Previous studies have shown that people with certain types of brain damage may have particular problems paying attention and processing things that they see. Researchers are interested in comparing how people with brain damage and without brain damage process visual images.\n\nObjectives:\n\n\\- To better understand the areas of the brain involved in paying attention to things that are seen.\n\nEligibility:\n\n\\- Individuals at least 18 years of age who either have had damage to one or both sides of specific parts of the brain (e.g., stroke, injury, certain neurosurgery procedures) or are healthy volunteers.\n\nDesign:\n\n* The study involves 4 to 10 visits to the NIH Clinical Center over 1 to 2 years. Each visit will last approximately 2 hours.\n* Participants will be screened with a medical history and physical examination, and may have the cognitive testing described below during the same visit.\n* On the first visit and for at least one visit thereafter, participants will have cognitive testing to evaluate thinking and memory. These tests will be either written tests or computer-based tests.\n* Some participants will qualify for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as part of the study. This part will involve a decision-making task that will be performed on a computer during the fMRI scan. Additional scans may be required as directed by the study doctors.\n* Some randomly selected participants will be asked to have magnetoencephalography (MEG), a procedure to record very small magnetic field changes produced by brain activity.\n* During the behavioral training, or fMRI or MEG scanning, participants may be monitored with equipment to track eye movements.",[25,26,27],"Focal Brain Lesion","Focal Lesions","fMRI",[29,30,26,31,32,33,25,34,35],"Visual Attention","Visual Cortex","Neurological Disorder","Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)","Natural History","Healthy Volunteer","HV","RECRUITING","2026-07-10",{"date":39,"type":40},"2026-07-13","ACTUAL",{"date":42,"type":40},"2012-07-23",{"name":44,"class":45},"National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)","NIH",1,{"id":48,"slug":49,"hasResults":11,"nctId":50,"briefTitle":51,"officialTitle":51,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":52,"healthyVolunteers":15,"sex":16,"minAge":53,"maxAge":54,"enrollmentInfo":55,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":57,"conditions":58,"keywords":59,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":37,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":62,"startDateStruct":63,"completionDateStruct":4,"leadSponsor":65,"locationsCount":46},"100053497","a-longitudinal-investigation-of-the-endocrine-and-neurobiologic-events-accompanying-puberty-100053497","NCT01434368","A Longitudinal Investigation of the Endocrine and Neurobiologic Events Accompanying Puberty","* INCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 1:\n\nChild volunteers will qualify for inclusion if they meet the following criteria:\n\n* Good general health and normal IQ; A normal IQ will be determined by the scores on Test of Irregular Word Reading Efficiency (TIWRE)\n* Age 8 years;\n* Body Mass Index (kg\u002Fm\\^2) between the 15th and 85th percentiles for age and sex according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts;\n* A normal tempo of growth as determined by skeletal age within +\u002F- 1.64 standard deviations of chronologic age according to the Greulich and Pyle radiographic atlas (i.e., no evidence for precocious puberty or abnormal delay of maturation); Research criteria for determining bone age will be performed by the collaborating pediatric endocrinologist. This criterion is required only for the initial entry into this study and is not one of the inclusion criteria for subsequent visits;\n* No history of significant neurologic or cognitive disorders. Examples include neonatal anoxic encephalopathy, seizure disorders, autism, and most learning disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder;\n* Able to provide assent. Parents will provide consent.\n* Able to speak and read English.\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 1:\n\nChild volunteers will be excluded for the following reasons:\n\n* Presence of any medical condition that increases risk for MRI (e.g., pacemaker, metallic foreign body in eye or other body part, dental braces);\n* Presence or history of medical conditions known to affect cerebral anatomy;\n* Children who are not pre-pubertal as indicated by the presence of Tanner stage 2 development (i.e., areolar development in girls and testicular volume \\> 3 cc in boys);\n* Individuals who have, or whose parent or guardians have, current substance abuse or a psychiatric disorder or any other condition which, in the opinion of the investigators, would impede the ability to give informed consent or possibly hinder completion of the study; presence of any psychiatric disorder in the subject, sibling, or other first-degree relative;\n* Subjects who regularly use prescription medications (the use of over-the-counter medications will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis.);\n* For females who have reached menarche: Pregnancy, lactation, or inability or unwillingness to undergo pregnancy testing (a urine pregnancy test will be performed prior to all MRI and X-ray procedures for girls who have had the onset of menses);\n* Current or past use of psychiatric medication;\n* I.Q. \\\u003C 70 (determined by the scores on Test of Irregular Word Reading Efficiency \\[TIWRE\\]).\n\nINCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 2:\n\nChild volunteers will qualify for inclusion if they meet the following criteria:\n\n* Good general health and normal IQ; A normal IQ will be determined by the scores on Test of Irregular Word Reading Efficiency (TIWRE)\n* Ages 12-13 years;\n* Body Mass Index (kg\u002Fm\\^2) between the 15th and 85th percentiles for age and sex according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts;\n* A normal tempo of growth as determined by skeletal age within +\u002F- 1.64 standard deviations of chronologic age according to the Greulich and Pyle radiographic atlas (i.e., no evidence for precocious puberty or abnormal delay of maturation); Research criteria for determining bone age will be performed by the collaborating pediatric endocrinologist. This criterion is required only for the initial entry into this study and is not one of the inclusion criteria for subsequent visits.\n* No history of significant neurologic or cognitive disorders. Examples include neonatal anoxic encephalopathy, seizure disorders, autism, and most learning disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder;\n* Able to provide assent. Parents will provide consent.\n* Able to speak and read English.\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 2:\n\nChild volunteers will be excluded for the following reasons:\n\n* Presence of any medical condition that increases risk for MRI (e.g., pacemaker, metallic foreign body in eye or other body part, dental braces);\n* Presence or history of medical conditions known to affect cerebral anatomy;\n* Individuals who have, or whose parent or guardians have, current substance abuse or a psychiatric disorder or any other condition which, in the opinion of the investigators, would impede the ability to give informed consent or possibly hinder completion of the study; presence of any psychiatric disorder in the subject, sibling, or other first-degree relative;\n* Subjects who regularly use prescription medications (the use of over-the-counter medications will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis.);\n* For females who have reached menarche: Pregnancy, lactation, or inability or unwillingness to undergo pregnancy testing (a urine pregnancy test will be performed prior to all MRI and X-ray procedures for girls who have had the onset of menses);\n* Current or past use of psychiatric medication;\n* I.Q. \\\u003C 70 (determined by the scores on Test of Irregular Word Reading Efficiency \\[TIWRE\\]).\n\nINCLUSION\u002FEXCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 3:\n\nInclusion and exclusion criteria for sample 3 will be identical as those for sample 2 with the exception that children between the ages of 8 and 17 will be included.\n\nINCLUSION\u002FEXCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 4:\n\nSample 4 participants will also be volunteering in Protocol #95-M-0150 \"Neurobiological Investigation of Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Their Siblings,\" and\u002For Protocol #81-M-0126, \"The Evaluation of Women with Menstrually-Regulated Mood and Behavioral Disorders,\" in which they will also have signed consent and through which they will have been screened.\n\nINCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 4:\n\n* Ages of 25 to 35 years at the time of enrollment.\n* Each subject must have a level of understanding sufficient to agree to all required tests and examinations and sign an informed consent document.\n* No use of psychotropic substances in the last 3 months.\n* No psychiatric or severe chronic medical illness at the time of the study, and by history.\n* Able to speak and read English.\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 4:\n\n* Presence of impaired hearing.\n* Pregnant or currently breast feeding. (a urine pregnancy test will be performed prior to MRI procedures in women).\n* Presence of a history head trauma with loss of consciousness in the last year or any evidence of functional impairment due to and persisting after head trauma.\n* Previous eye surgery with a prosthetic implant.\n* Participants with tattoos will be excluded if the tattoos are in a location on the body (eyes, lips, etc.) that could interfere with fMRI scans or contain a heavy metal content.\n* Presence of any non-organic implant or any other device such as: cardiac pacemaker, insulin infusion pump, implanted drug infusion device, cochlear, otologic, or ear implant, transdermal medication patch (Nitro), any metallic implants or objects, body piercing(s), bone\u002Fjoint pin, screw, nail, plate, wire sutures or surgical staples, shunt.\n* Presence of cerebral or other aneurysm clips.\n* Presence of shrapnel or other metal imbedded in the body (such as from war wounds or accidents).\n* Previous employment in metal fields or with machines that may have left any metallic fragments in or near the eyes.\n* History of a severe accident in the past that may possibly have left metal in the body.\n* Psychological contraindications for MRI (e.g., suffer from claustrophobia);\n* Less than an 8th grade education or an IQ below 70 as determined by the scores on Test of Irregular Word Reading Efficiency \\[TIWRE\\] .\n\nINCLUSION\u002FEXCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 5:\n\nInclusion and exclusion criteria for sample 5 will be identical as those for samples 1 and 2 (i.e., children will either be age 8-9 or between the ages of 12 and 13) with the exception that children with a tempo of growth that is considered abnormal as demonstrated by skeletal age greater than two standard deviations in advance of their chronologic age according to the Greulich and Pyle Radiographic Atlas will be included. These children will be matched for age, Tanner stage, race, ethnicity, and BMI with children currently enrolled in the longitudinal study.\n\nSAMPLE 6\n\nParticipants will have participated in this protocol as children in either Sample 1 or sample 2.\n\nINCLUSION CRITERIA:\n\n* Age 19 to 30 years at the time of re-enrollment.\n* Each subject must have a level of understanding sufficient to agree to all required tests and examinations and sign an informed consent document.\n* Normal physical exam, routine labs and absence of axis 1 psychiatric illnesses as confirmed by a Structured Diagnostic Interview for DSM-5 (SCID).\n* No current use of psychotropic substances.\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA:\n\n* Presence of any implant or medical condition that increases risk for MRI (e.g., pacemaker, metallic foreign body in eye or other body part, dental braces);\n* Presence or history of medical conditions known to affect cerebral anatomy;\n* Individuals who have current substance abuse or a psychiatric disorder or any other condition which, in the opinion of the investigators, would impede the ability to give informed consent or possibly hinder completion of the study;\n* Current use of psychiatric medication or presence of any psychiatric disorder;\n* For females: pregnancy, lactation, or inability or unwillingness to undergo pregnancy testing (a urine pregnancy test will be performed prior to all MRI procedures);","7 Years","35 Years",{"count":56,"type":21},480,"Despite the clear importance of adolescence in the emergence of a number of disease states and processes, there is surprisingly little known about how the endocrine and metabolic events accompanying puberty in humans impact normal developmental neurobiology. Epidemiologic studies have identified sexual dimorphisms in the prevalence of several neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, and substance abuse. Many of these sex differences emerge during or shortly after puberty and are maintained until the 5th-6th decade of life. For example, the two-fold greater risk of unipolar depression in women compared with men does not appear until adolescence, and prior to puberty girls are not at increased risk relative to boys. Puberty is a structured, transitional process that can be influenced by both nutritional factors and environmental stressors; nonetheless, the variability in the timing and duration of puberty is largely determined by oligogenic inheritance. Basic neuroscience research has demonstrated that hormonal events accompanying puberty impact on many of the physiologic systems involved in the regulation of brain function (e.g., the appearance of new neurons in a brain-region specific pattern, neuronal remodeling, and the pruning of cortical connectivity). Additionally, not only does stress during puberty increase the risk of disturbances in affective adaptation during adulthood, but the events accompanying puberty modify stress responsivity (e.g., alterations in the duration and peak response of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal \\[HPA\\] axis hormones to stressors). Moreover, animal work has demonstrated that neural connectivity differs in a brain regional specific manner according to the stage of puberty (i.e., early versus late). In humans, puberty also occurs in stages, and although the endocrinology of puberty, surprisingly, has not been fully characterized with longitudinal data, studies have documented that the physical changes measured by Tanner stages I to V are accompanied by progressive increases in the secretions of both gonadal and adrenal steroids. Nonetheless, there remains considerable variability in the timing and duration of this otherwise highly structured reproductive transition.\n\nWe propose to perform a longitudinal, naturalistic study examining changes in brain structure and function, behavior, and stress responsivity in boys and girls across the pubertal transition. Because the pubertal transition is defined by a complex series of physiologic events that emerge sequentially over several years and involve changes in multiple endocrine and growth systems, and because there is also considerable variability in the timing of these events reflecting the influence of both genetic and environmental factors, puberty cannot by delineated by age of the participants as has been done in most imaging and other neurobiological studies of adolescence. The present study will formally bridge this gap by defining pubertal events per se in participants.\n\nParticipants will include healthy boys and girls whose pubertal status will be assessed, and in whom endocrine, metabolic, and brain imaging measures will be evaluated at eight - ten month intervals from age eight years (pre-puberty) until age 17 years (post-puberty). Reproductive endocrine, metabolic, and physical measures will be employed to characterize the stage and duration of pubertal development. Outcome measures will be derived via multimodal neuroimaging techniques, cognitive\u002Fbehavioral assessments, metabolic measurements, and evaluations of HPA axis function. Additionally, the impact of genetic variation on the developmental trajectory of these parameters (both reproductive and CNS) will be determined.\n\nThis cross-institute proposal will employ a multidisciplinary approach to evaluating the effects on CNS function of the process of puberty in both boys and girls. This work will not only serve to inform research on the mechanisms by which sexual dimorphisms in neuropsychiatric disorders develop, it will also have important implications for the prevention and treatment of these disorders.",[27],[32,60,61,33,34,35],"Normal Development","Puberty",{"date":39,"type":40},{"date":64,"type":40},"2011-11-23",{"name":44,"class":45},{"id":67,"slug":4,"hasResults":11,"nctId":50,"briefTitle":51,"officialTitle":51,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":68,"healthyVolunteers":15,"sex":16,"minAge":53,"maxAge":54,"enrollmentInfo":69,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":57,"conditions":70,"keywords":71,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":72,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":73,"startDateStruct":75,"completionDateStruct":4,"leadSponsor":76,"locationsCount":46},"100166021","* INCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 1:\n\nChild volunteers will qualify for inclusion if they meet the following criteria:\n\n* Good general health and normal IQ; A normal IQ will be determined by the scores on Test of Irregular Word Reading Efficiency (TIWRE)\n* Age 8 years;\n* Body Mass Index (kg\u002Fm\\^2) between the 15th and 85th percentiles for age and sex according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts;\n* A normal tempo of growth as determined by skeletal age within +\u002F- 1.64 standard deviations of chronologic age according to the Greulich and Pyle radiographic atlas (i.e., no evidence for precocious puberty or abnormal delay of maturation); Research criteria for determining bone age will be performed by the collaborating pediatric endocrinologist. This criterion is required only for the initial entry into this study and is not one of the inclusion criteria for subsequent visits;\n* No history of significant neurologic or cognitive disorders. Examples include neonatal anoxic encephalopathy, seizure disorders, autism, and most learning disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder;\n* Able to provide assent. Parents will provide consent.\n* Able to speak and read English.\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 1:\n\nChild volunteers will be excluded for the following reasons:\n\n* Presence of any medical condition that increases risk for MRI (e.g., pacemaker, metallic foreign body in eye or other body part, dental braces);\n* Presence or history of medical conditions known to affect cerebral anatomy;\n* Children who are not pre-pubertal as indicated by the presence of Tanner stage 2 development (i.e., areolar development in girls and testicular volume \\> 3 cc in boys);\n* Individuals who have, or whose parent or guardians have, current substance abuse or a psychiatric disorder or any other condition which, in the opinion of the investigators, would impede the ability to give informed consent or possibly hinder completion of the study; presence of any psychiatric disorder in the subject, sibling, or other first-degree relative;\n* Subjects who regularly use prescription medications (the use of over-the-counter medications will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis.);\n* For females who have reached menarche: Pregnancy, lactation, or inability or unwillingness to undergo pregnancy testing (a urine pregnancy test will be performed prior to all MRI and X-ray procedures for girls who have had the onset of menses);\n* Current or past use of psychiatric medication;\n* I.Q. \\\u003C 70 (determined by the scores on Test of Irregular Word Reading Efficiency \\[TIWRE\\]).\n\nINCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 2:\n\nChild volunteers will qualify for inclusion if they meet the following criteria:\n\n* Good general health and normal IQ; A normal IQ will be determined by the scores on Test of Irregular Word Reading Efficiency (TIWRE)\n* Ages 12-13 years;\n* Body Mass Index (kg\u002Fm\\^2) between the 15th and 85th percentiles for age and sex according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts;\n* A normal tempo of growth as determined by skeletal age within +\u002F- 1.64 standard deviations of chronologic age according to the Greulich and Pyle radiographic atlas (i.e., no evidence for precocious puberty or abnormal delay of maturation); Research criteria for determining bone age will be performed by the collaborating pediatric endocrinologist. This criterion is required only for the initial entry into this study and is not one of the inclusion criteria for subsequent visits.;\n* No history of significant neurologic or cognitive disorders. Examples include neonatal anoxic encephalopathy, seizure disorders, autism, and most learning disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder;\n* Able to provide assent. Parents will provide consent.\n* Able to speak and read English.\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 2:\n\nChild volunteers will be excluded for the following reasons:\n\n* Presence of any medical condition that increases risk for MRI (e.g., pacemaker, metallic foreign body in eye or other body part, dental braces);\n* Presence or history of medical conditions known to affect cerebral anatomy;\n* Individuals who have, or whose parent or guardians have, current substance abuse or a psychiatric disorder or any other condition which, in the opinion of the investigators, would impede the ability to give informed consent or possibly hinder completion of the study; presence of any psychiatric disorder in the subject, sibling, or other first-degree relative;\n* Subjects who regularly use prescription medications (the use of over-the-counter medications will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis.);\n* For females who have reached menarche: Pregnancy, lactation, or inability or unwillingness to undergo pregnancy testing (a urine pregnancy test will be performed prior to all MRI and X-ray procedures for girls who have had the onset of menses);\n* Current or past use of psychiatric medication;\n* I.Q. \\\u003C 70 (determined by the scores on Test of Irregular Word Reading Efficiency \\[TIWRE\\]).\n\nINCLUSION\u002FEXCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 3:\n\nInclusion and exclusion criteria for sample 3 will be identical as those for sample 2 with the exception that children between the ages of 8 and 17 will be included.\n\nINCLUSION\u002FEXCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 4:\n\nSample 4 participants will also be volunteering in Protocol #95-M-0150 Neurobiological Investigation of Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Their Siblings, and\u002For Protocol #81-M-0126, The Evaluation of Women with Menstrually-Regulated Mood and Behavioral Disorders, in which they will also have signed consent and through which they will have been screened.\n\nINCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 4:\n\n* Ages of 25 to 35 years at the time of enrollment.\n* Each subject must have a level of understanding sufficient to agree to all required tests and examinations and sign an informed consent document.\n* No use of psychotropic substances in the last 3 months.\n* No psychiatric or severe chronic medical illness at the time of the study, and by history.\n* Able to speak and read English.\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 4:\n\n* Presence of impaired hearing.\n* Pregnant or currently breast feeding. (a urine pregnancy test will be performed prior to MRI procedures in women).\n* Presence of a history head trauma with loss of consciousness in the last year or any evidence of functional impairment due to and persisting after head trauma.\n* Previous eye surgery with a prosthetic implant.\n* Participants with tattoos will be excluded if the tattoos are in a location on the body (eyes, lips, etc.) that could interfere with fMRI scans or contain a heavy metal content.\n* Presence of any non-organic implant or any other device such as: cardiac pacemaker, insulin infusion pump, implanted drug infusion device, cochlear, otologic, or ear implant, transdermal medication patch (Nitro), any metallic implants or objects, body piercing(s), bone\u002Fjoint pin, screw, nail, plate, wire sutures or surgical staples, shunt.\n* Presence of cerebral or other aneurysm clips.\n* Presence of shrapnel or other metal imbedded in the body (such as from war wounds or accidents).\n* Previous employment in metal fields or with machines that may have left any metallic fragments in or near the eyes.\n* History of a severe accident in the past that may possibly have left metal in the body.\n* Psychological contraindications for MRI (e.g., suffer from claustrophobia);\n* Less than an 8th grade education or an IQ below 70 as determined by the scores on Test of Irregular Word Reading Efficiency \\[TIWRE\\] .\n\nINCLUSION\u002FEXCLUSION CRITERIA - SAMPLE 5:\n\nInclusion and exclusion criteria for sample 5 will be identical as those for samples 1 and 2 (i.e., children will either be age 8-9 or between the ages of 12 and 13) with the exception that children with a tempo of growth that is considered abnormal as demonstrated by skeletal age greater than two standard deviations in advance of their chronologic age according to the Greulich and Pyle Radiographic Atlas will be included. These children will be matched for age, Tanner stage, race, ethnicity, and BMI with children currently enrolled in the longitudinal study.\n\nSAMPLE 6\n\nParticipants will have participated in this protocol as children in either Sample 1 or sample 2.\n\nINCLUSION CRITERIA:\n\n* Age 19 to 30 years at the time of re-enrollment.\n* Each subject must have a level of understanding sufficient to agree to all required tests and examinations and sign an informed consent document.\n* Normal physical exam, routine labs and absence of axis 1 psychiatric illnesses as confirmed by a Structured Diagnostic Interview for DSM-5 (SCID).\n* No current use of psychotropic substances.\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA:\n\n* Presence of any implant or medical condition that increases risk for MRI (e.g., pacemaker, metallic foreign body in eye or other body part, dental braces);\n* Presence or history of medical conditions known to affect cerebral anatomy;\n* Individuals who have current substance abuse or a psychiatric disorder or any other condition which, in the opinion of the investigators, would impede the ability to give informed consent or possibly hinder completion of the study;\n* Current use of psychiatric medication or presence of any psychiatric disorder;\n* For females: pregnancy, lactation, or inability or unwillingness to undergo pregnancy testing (a urine pregnancy test will be performed prior to all MRI procedures);",{"count":56,"type":21},[27],[32,60,61,33,34,35],"2026-06-27",{"date":74,"type":40},"2026-06-30",{"date":64,"type":40},{"name":44,"class":45},{"id":78,"slug":79,"hasResults":11,"nctId":80,"briefTitle":81,"officialTitle":82,"acronym":83,"eligibilityCriteria":84,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":85,"enrollmentInfo":86,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":88,"phases":89,"briefSummary":91,"conditions":92,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":98,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":99,"startDateStruct":101,"completionDateStruct":103,"leadSponsor":105,"locationsCount":46},"100645335","phase-4-biomarker-guided-antidepressant-selection-100645335","NCT07680140","Biomarker-Guided Antidepressant Selection","Biomarker-Guided Antidepressant Selection for Treatment-Resistant Depression","BioSelect","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Provision of signed and dated informed consent form\n2. Adults of all genders aged 18-70 at the time of screening\n3. Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder (by DSM-5 criteria)\n4. Depressive symptoms of at least moderate severity (GRID HDRS-17 score \\>= 14 or as determined by a study clinician)\n5. Failed at least 1 prior trial of standard first-line treatment for MDD per the modified Antidepressant Treatment History form, the Maudsley Staging Method, and APA Practice Guidelines (e.g., SSRI, SNRI, CBT) OR initiated and discontinued a trial of a first-line treatment for MDD (e.g. could not tolerate side effects, etc.)\n6. Not currently taking antidepressants OR on a stable dose of antidepressant for at least 1month prior to screening and plans to remain off antidepressants OR on this stable dose for the duration of participation\n7. Current medication regimen is compatible with safe participation in the trial in the assessment of a study clinician\n8. Access to psychiatric care before, during, and after completion of the study\n9. For females of reproductive potential: agreement to use effective contraception for at least 1 month prior to screening and agreement to use such a method during study participation\n10. Proficiency in English sufficient to complete assessments and follow study procedure instructions\n11. Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Imminent risk of suicide\n2. Presence of primary psychiatric diagnosis other than MDD (e.g., post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, MDD with psychotic features, primary psychotic illness, bipolar I or II disorder)\n3. History of epilepsy or a history of seizures that would influence the participant's risk for TMS-evoked seizures; history of any condition \u002F concurrent medication that could notably lower seizure threshold in the estimation of a study clinician\n4. Met criteria for any clinically significant substance use disorder (by DSM-V criteria) with active substance misuse in the 6 months prior to screening\n5. Lifetime history of PCP\u002Fketamine abuse\n6. History or presence of significant neurological disorder that may be contributing to current depressive symptoms in the judgment of a study clinician (e.g., traumatic brain injury, stroke, Parkinson's disease or other movement disorder, epilepsy)\n7. Presence of medical contraindications to ketamine, including liver function tests \\> 2.5x normal limit, recent myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure \\> stage 2, angina pectoris, clinically significant bradycardia or tachycardia at the baseline assessment, or uncontrolled hypertension\n8. MRI contraindication, including presence of ferromagnetic foreign metal bodies or implants, implanted or conductive ferromagnetic objects in or near the head (e.g., stents, deep brain stimulators, vagus nerve stimulators, aneurysm coils, ocular implants, cochlear implants), and ferromagnetic permanent make-up that may undergo heating in an MRI scanner\n9. Individuals who are nursing, pregnant, or contemplating pregnancy within the length of study participation\n10. Abnormal bloodwork that may be contributing to depressive symptoms in the estimation of a study clinician (e.g. indicators of clinically significant hypothyroidism, kidney failure, liver failure, etc.)\n11. History or presence of any disorder or medical condition that, in the opinion of the study team, may compromise, interfere, or limit the individual's ability to complete the intervention or study procedures","70 Years",{"count":87,"type":21},27,"INTERVENTIONAL",[90],"PHASE4","Depression is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Common treatments like antidepressant medications and talk therapy work well for some people, but many others do not improve, even after trying multiple treatments.\n\nThis study will investigate two alternative treatment options for people whose depression has not responded to standard treatments: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive form of brain stimulation, and ketamine, a fast-acting medication. It can be difficult to decide between these interventions in clinical practice, and selecting between them often comes down to patient preference and trial and error. This study is working to optimize the selection approach: using biological and behavioral markers to match each person to identify biomarkers that may predict response to rTMS or ketamine. Investigators believe that differences in how individuals respond to rTMS versus ketamine are partly explained by differences in how their brains are organized, and that these differences can be measured and used to guide intervention decisions. This is an early-stage pilot study designed to test whether this biomarker-based approach is practical and acceptable to patients. Investigators will evaluate how well a combination of brain imaging and clinical data can predict, at the individual level, who is likely to respond to rTMS versus ketamine. The ultimate goal is to develop a reliable, scalable tool that helps clinicians make faster and more informed intervention decisions, reducing the time people with treatment-resistant depression spend searching for an antidepressant that works.",[93,94,95,96,27],"Depression - Major Depressive Disorder","Treatment-resistant Depression (TRD)","rTMS","Ketamine","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-25",{"date":100,"type":40},"2026-07-02",{"date":102,"type":21},"2026-07",{"date":104,"type":21},"2028-12",{"name":106,"class":107},"Weill Medical College of Cornell University","OTHER",{"id":109,"slug":110,"hasResults":11,"nctId":111,"briefTitle":112,"officialTitle":112,"acronym":113,"eligibilityCriteria":114,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":85,"enrollmentInfo":115,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":88,"phases":117,"briefSummary":118,"conditions":119,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":98,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":122,"startDateStruct":123,"completionDateStruct":124,"leadSponsor":126,"locationsCount":46},"100645239","phase-4-neuromodulation-of-mood-switch-circuitry-in-bipolar-disorder-100645239","NCT07680153","Neuromodulation of Mood Switch Circuitry in Bipolar Disorder","CircuitBD","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Provision of signed and dated informed consent form.\n2. Adults of all genders aged 18-70 at the time of screening.\n3. Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder (by DSM-V criteria)\n4. Depressive symptoms of at least moderate severity (GRID HDRS-17 score \\>= 14 or as determined by expert clinician).\n5. Not currently taking medications for BD OR on a stable dose of medication for at least 1 month prior to screening and plans to remain off medications OR on this stable dose for the duration of participation.\n6. Access to psychiatric care before, during, and after completion of the study.\n7. For females of reproductive potential: use of highly effective contraception for at least 1 month prior to screening and agreement to use such a method during study participation.\n8. Proficiency in English sufficient to complete assessments and follow study procedure instructions.\n9. Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Imminent risk of suicide.\n2. Presence of a primary DSM-5 diagnosis other than bipolar disorder (BD-I or BD-II), or a current comorbid psychiatric disorder that, in the opinion of the investigators, would confound outcome assessment or interfere with safe participation.\n3. History of seizures or any condition \u002F concurrent medication that could notably lower seizure threshold.\n4. Met criteria for any significant substance use disorder (by DSM-V criteria) in the 6 months prior to screening.\n5. History or presence of significant neurological disorder (e.g., traumatic brain injury, stroke, Parkinson's disease or other movement disorder, epilepsy).\n6. History or presence of significant heart condition (e.g., recent myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure \\> stage 2, angina pectoris, bradycardia or tachycardia at the baseline assessment, uncontrolled hypertension).\n7. MRI contraindication, including presence of foreign metal bodies or implants, implanted or conductive objects in or near the head (e.g., stents, deep brain stimulators, vagus nerve stimulators, aneurysm coils, ocular implants, cochlear implants), permanent make-up.\n8. Individuals who are nursing, pregnant, or contemplating pregnancy within the length of study participation.\n9. Abnormal bloodwork for electrolytes, thyroid, or liver function.\n10. History or presence of any disorder or medical condition that, in the opinion of the study team, may compromise, interfere, or limit the individual's ability to complete the intervention or study procedures.",{"count":116,"type":21},62,[90],"This study is exploring a new approach to treating depression in people with bipolar disorder (BD). Investigators are testing whether a non-invasive form of brain stimulation can help us understand depressed-to-euthymic mood shifts and their related brain circuits in BD.\n\nInvestigators in this study will use a technique called repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, or rTMS. It uses non-invasive magnetic pulses delivered to the scalp to stimulate specific areas of the brain. rTMS is already used to treat depression, and investigators are now studying whether it can be made even more effective for people with bipolar disorder by precisely targeting an individualized brain region for each participant. Participants in this study will receive two courses of rTMS, one active and one placebo (called \"sham\"), in a randomized order so investigators can directly compare the effects. Before treatment, investigators will use brain scans (MRI) to create a personalized map of each participant's brain activity. This lets investigators identify the exact stimulation target most likely to influence the brain circuits involved in BD mood shifts. Investigators will track mood symptoms closely throughout the study to measure what changes.\n\nInvestigators believe that depression in BD is partly driven by disrupted communication between two brain regions involved in processing what feels important or rewarding. Investigators want to find out whether rTMS can restore that communication and whether doing so leads to measurable improvements in depression.",[120,121,95,27],"Bipolar Disorder (BD)","Bipolar 1 Depression",{"date":100,"type":40},{"date":102,"type":21},{"date":125,"type":21},"2031-12",{"name":106,"class":107},{"id":128,"slug":129,"hasResults":11,"nctId":130,"briefTitle":131,"officialTitle":132,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":133,"healthyVolunteers":15,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":134,"enrollmentInfo":135,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":137,"conditions":138,"keywords":141,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":145,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":146,"startDateStruct":148,"completionDateStruct":4,"leadSponsor":150,"locationsCount":46},"100179989","brain-stimulation-and-vision-testing-100179989","NCT01617408","Brain Stimulation and Vision Testing","TMS Investigations of the Human Visual System","* INCLUSION CRITERIA:\n\nHealthy\n\nAges 18-50 years (inclusive)\n\nAble to read and write in English to guarantee understanding of all written and spoken instructions, which are in English\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA:\n\nIndividuals with conditions that could pose a risk relating to the safety of the MRI procedure, the TMS procedure or the combined TBS and fMRI procedure will be excluded from the protocol such as:\n\n* Those with ferromagnetic metal in the cranial cavity or eye, e.g. aneurysm clip, implanted neural stimulator, cochlear implant, ocular foreign body.\n* Those with an abnormality on a structural MRI.\n* Those with an implanted cardiac pacemaker or auto-defibrillator\n* Those with an insulin pump.\n* Those with an irremovable body piercing\n* Pregnant women\n* Those with a visual impairment that will prevent them from performing the task\n* Those without consent capacity will not be enrolled\n* Those who do not understand the study instructions\n* Those with a history of neurological problems. Neurological problems include, but are not limited to; family history of epilepsy, history of seizures and recurrent migraines.\n* Those using medicines that can lower the seizure threshold. These can include but are not limited to; imipramine, amitriptyline, doxepine, nortriptyline, maprotiline, chlorpromazine, clozapine, foscarnet, ganciclovir, ritonavir, amphetamines.\n* Those with a visual impairment that will prevent them from performing the task\n* Those who have a significant psychiatric illness or have a history of psychiatric illness.\n* NIMH staff\u002Femployees\u002Ffamily members","50 Years",{"count":136,"type":21},665,"Background:\n\n-The brain has two systems for recognizing objects. One system recognizes what an object is, and the other system recognizes where the object is located. However, there is much about how the brain handles and interprets the information from these two systems that is still unclear. Researchers want to study the parts of the brain that are involved in how vision is processed. They will use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) or transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) on the brain. MRI measures what parts of the brain become more active when tasks are performed. TMS uses magnetic pulses to temporarily change the activity in parts of the brain. tES uses electrical current to temporarily change brain function.\n\nObjectives:\n\n-To better understand how people visually recognize different types of objects.\n\nEligibility:\n\n-Healthy volunteers between 18 and 50 years of age, who only speak English.\n\nDesign:\n\n* This study includes many different experiments on vision. Each experiment may combine visual tasks, MRI scans, and TMS or tES. Participants may be asked to have several different tests. Each test will require a separate visit to the National Institutes of Health.\n* Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. They will have a baseline brain scan at the first visit.\n* Participants may do visual tasks alone, with MRI only, with TMS or tES only, or with MRI and TMS or tES combined. For the visual tasks, they will look at pictures of objects on a computer screen. Sometimes the images will appear very briefly (less than one-tenth of a second). Sometimes they will appear for up to 5 seconds. These images will be of things like faces, bodies, tools, and scenes. Participants will be asked to respond in different ways to the pictures. They may respond by typing on a computer keyboard or by pressing a button. Participants will have time to practice the tasks before the experiment.\n* Participants will remain on the study for up to 3 years.",[27,139,140],"Dorsal Pathway","Ventral Pathway",[142,143,30,144,33],"Theta Burst Stimulation","Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)","Visual Processing","2026-06-23",{"date":147,"type":40},"2026-06-24",{"date":149,"type":40},"2013-03-04",{"name":44,"class":45},{"id":152,"slug":4,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":13,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":14,"healthyVolunteers":15,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":153,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":23,"conditions":154,"keywords":155,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":145,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":156,"startDateStruct":157,"completionDateStruct":4,"leadSponsor":158,"locationsCount":46},"100139549",{"count":20,"type":21},[25,26,27],[29,30,26,31,32,33,25,34,35],{"date":147,"type":40},{"date":42,"type":40},{"name":44,"class":45},{"id":160,"slug":161,"hasResults":11,"nctId":162,"briefTitle":163,"officialTitle":164,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":165,"healthyVolunteers":15,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":166,"enrollmentInfo":167,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":169,"conditions":170,"keywords":175,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":181,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":182,"startDateStruct":184,"completionDateStruct":4,"leadSponsor":186,"locationsCount":46},"100057075","study-of-new-magnetic-resonance-imaging-methods-of-the-brain-100057075","NCT00004577","Study of New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods of the Brain","Characterization of Brain Morphology and Activity Using Functional and Anatomical MRI Contrast","* INCLUSION CRITERIA:\n* 18 years of age and older\n* in good general health\n* able to understand the procedures and requirements and give informed consent\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA:\n\nAll Subjects will undergo a neurological physical and answer the Healthy volunteer form, and the most-recent version of the NMR safety screening form\n\nA subject will be excluded if he\u002Fshe:\n\n1. has any metal implant or objects of unknown identity or composition, or if it s known to be non-compatible with MRI, such as pacemakers, medication pumps, aneurysm clips, metallic prosthesis (such as heart valves or cochlear implants), certain orthopedic implants (pins and rods), shrapnel, or small metal fragments in the eye;\n2. has claustrophobia;\n3. cannot lie comfortably for up to 120 minutes;\n4. underwent brain surgery or suffered a traumatic head trauma;\n5. has migraines that require medication;\n6. has ever been hospitalized for a psychiatric disorder;\n7. has medical health problems such as pulmonary or airway disease, heart failure, coronary artery disease, and uncontrolled hypertension which would require physiological monitoring during the scan;\n8. has a history of any medical condition that could result in an emergency medical situation while undergoing the MRI scan;\n9. has hearing problems which would make it difficult to tolerate scanner noise;\n10. is pregnant;\n11. has body\u002Fmake-up tattoos (e.g. lips, eyebrows, eyeliner). Each tattoo will be considered on a case-to-case basis, taking into account of the age and location of the tattoo;\n12. has a sleep apnea diagnosis;\n13. has a neurological disorder, such as Stroke, Parkinson s, and Epilepsy;\n14. a member of the NINDS Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging.\n\nThe contraindications to MRI at the various field strengths are almost identical, except the 7 T also excludes subjects with gold dental crowns.","120 Years",{"count":168,"type":21},1100,"The purpose of this investigation is to develop improved magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques and hardware for studying brain function. MRI is a diagnostic tool that provides information about brain chemistry and physiology. This study will evaluate new MRI methods for monitoring blood flow to regions of the brain in response to simple tasks. The MRI machine used in this study is more powerful than those in most hospitals, permitting a higher visual resolution.\n\nNormal healthy volunteers over 18 years old may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a medical history and questionnaire, and a neurological examination. Study participants will have a yearly MRI scan. For this procedure, the subject lies on a stretcher that is moved into a donut-shaped machine with a strong magnetic field. A lightweight circular or rectangular coil-a device that improves the quality of the images-may be placed on the head. The scan time varies from 20 minutes to 3 hours; most scans last between 45 and 90 minutes. During the scan, the subject may perform simple tasks, such as listening to tapes, tapping a finger, moving a hand, watching a screen, or smelling a fragrance. More complex tasks may require thinking about tones or pictures and responding to them by pressing buttons.\n\nInformation from this study will be used to develop better imaging methods that will, in turn, permit a greater understanding of normal and abnormal brain behaviors.",[34,171,172,27,173,174],"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","Healthy","Brain Mapping","Adult",[176,177,178,179,180,33],"Brain Morphology","Cerebral Blood Volume","Functional Imaging","Development","MEG","2026-06-16",{"date":183,"type":40},"2026-06-17",{"date":185,"type":40},"2000-07-01",{"name":187,"class":45},"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)",{"id":189,"slug":190,"hasResults":11,"nctId":191,"briefTitle":192,"officialTitle":193,"acronym":194,"eligibilityCriteria":195,"healthyVolunteers":15,"sex":16,"minAge":196,"maxAge":197,"enrollmentInfo":198,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":88,"phases":200,"briefSummary":202,"conditions":203,"keywords":209,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":221,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":222,"startDateStruct":224,"completionDateStruct":226,"leadSponsor":228,"locationsCount":46},"100635242","etascan-project-etas-project-2-100635242","NCT07550140","ETASCAN Project: ETAS Project 2","The Impact of Chronic Consumption of ETAS® for 12 Weeks on Cognitive, Affective, and Neural Outcomes: A Randomised Parallel Group Placebo-controlled Study","ETASCAN","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Aging between 60-80 years old\n* Having normal vision and hearing\n* Having a body mass index between 18.5 and 30\n* Having mild to moderate subjective cognitive complaints\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Smoking\n* Having food allergies\n* Following restrictive and\u002For unbalanced diets (Appendix 6: Are you vegetarian or vegan? Yes \u002F No; Are you currently on a weight-reducing or other special diet? Yes\u002FNo If 'Yes', please give details.)\n* Being diagnosed with any psychiatric or neurologic conditions (e.g. schizophrenia, depression, dementia) including eating disorders\n* Being diagnosed with any cardiometabolic diseases (including type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease), or hypertension or thrombosis related disorders or suffer from thyroid disease\n* Currently taking anticoagulants, antiplatelet medication, antidepressants, proton-pump inhibitors\n* Currently consuming prebiotic or probiotic supplements\n* Continuous antibiotic use for \\> 3 days within 1 month prior to enrolment\n* Continuous use of weight-loss drug for \\> 1 month before screening\n* Having a significant gastrointestinal (GI) condition affecting absorption including (but not limited to) inflammatory bowel disease; total colectomy or bariatric surgery; irritable bowel disease; end stage renal disease; active cancer, or treatment for any cancer, in last 3 years\n* History of claustrophobia\n* Fitted with a pacemaker or artificial heart valve\n* Have active implants, such as cochlear, ocular, or penile implant\n* Experience of metal fragments e.g. shrapnel in your eyes or any other part of your body\n* Drug infusion pump installed\n* Have any surgically implanted metal in any part of your body, other than dental fillings and crowns (e.g. joint replacement or bone re-construction)\n* Have had any surgery that might have involved metal implants\n* Current or historical experience of epilepsy\n* Have stimulators for nerves, brain or bone installed\n* Have an intrauterine contraceptive device installed (IUD)\n* Wear transdermal patches containing metal\n* Wear a filling, crown, dental post (entirely within the tooth) associated with root canal treatment, retainer, bridge or braces\n* For scanning, would need to remove coloured contact lenses, nail polish and makeup.\n* Hearing aid wearer\n* Body piercings that you cannot or will not remove for the scanning session\n* Have tattoos or permanent makeup","60 Years","80 Years",{"count":199,"type":21},60,[201],"NA","This study aims to investigate the chronic effects of ETAS® on cognitive, affective and neural outcomes in healthy adults aged 60-80 years with mild to moderate subjective cognitive complaints.",[204,205,206,207,27,208],"Cognition","Affect (Mental Function)","Sleep","MRI","Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy",[210,211,212,213,214,215,216,217,218,219,220],"grey matter","brain structure","brain function","neurochemistry","executive function","language","ETAS®","depression","anxiety","sleep","gut microbiome","2026-04-17",{"date":223,"type":40},"2026-04-24",{"date":225,"type":21},"2026-05-05",{"date":227,"type":21},"2027-12-31",{"name":229,"class":107},"University of Reading",{"id":231,"slug":232,"hasResults":11,"nctId":233,"briefTitle":234,"officialTitle":234,"acronym":235,"eligibilityCriteria":236,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":237,"enrollmentInfo":238,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":88,"phases":240,"briefSummary":241,"conditions":242,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":246,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":247,"startDateStruct":249,"completionDateStruct":251,"leadSponsor":253,"locationsCount":46},"100600406","study-of-functional-magnetic-resonance-signal-variations-in-patients-undergoing-anterior-cruciate-ligament-reconstruction-with-the-application-of-a-dedicated-neuromotor-training-100600406","NCT07097077","Study of Functional Magnetic Resonance Signal Variations in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With the Application of a Dedicated Neuromotor Training","ACL-fMRI-TNMT","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients who have undergone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery at any healthcare facility\n* Able to understand and consent, adults, who have provided informed consent to participate in the study\n* Male or female\n* Age between 18 and 30 years at the time of signing the informed consent\n* Tegner activity level \\> 6\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History and\u002For evidence of any neurological disorder or functional impairment;\n* Evidence of previous surgeries on the lower limb;\n* Inability to provide informed consent;\n* Inability to perform the tasks required by the procedure;\n* Pregnant or breastfeeding women;\n* Oncology patients;\n* Contraindications to undergoing MRI examinations.","30 Years",{"count":239,"type":21},12,[201],"Lower limb injuries represent the majority of sports-related injuries, with knee injuries being among the most common. In particular, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are considered highly devastating and career-threatening for both professional and amateur athletes. Current surgical and rehabilitation treatments often fail to provide fully satisfactory short- and long-term outcomes. A very high risk of re-injury exists, especially in younger patients, with up to 35% experiencing a second ACL injury, alongside a significant long-term risk of early knee osteoarthritis.\n\nMost ACL injuries are non-contact or indirect contact injuries, implicating biomechanical factors and neuromuscular control as key determinants of injury mechanisms. Recent literature shows that patients suffering a non-contact ACL injury have a higher risk of re-injury compared to those with contact injuries, suggesting a significant cognitive component in injury processing, surgery, rehabilitation, and return to sport.\n\nRecent rehabilitation studies have introduced targeted neuromotor training designed to \"rebuild\" biomechanical and neuromuscular patterns to avoid mechanisms leading to re-injury. Movement quality tests are used post-training to confirm the reduction of risky biomechanical patterns, often resulting in a score indicating movement quality.\n\nGiven the brain's involvement in such injuries, pioneering studies have used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate changes in cortical brain areas following ACL injury and reconstruction. Evidence shows adaptations in both central and peripheral nervous systems, with altered sensorimotor cortex activation in patients during simple motor tasks, differing from healthy subjects. Prefrontal cortex alterations correlate with severe quadriceps muscle activation asymmetries, linking these brain patterns to post-injury return-to-sport outcomes.\n\nHowever, no studies have yet evaluated the interaction between cortical activation (neural compensations) measured by fMRI and outcomes from targeted neuromotor training during ACL rehabilitation. Understanding brain activation implications is crucial for developing large-scale rehabilitation protocols to reduce the risk of a second, potentially more devastating, knee injury.\n\nThis study aims to reveal whether a neuromotor training protocol can positively influence cognitive brain areas related to human movement, particularly by reducing risky injury patterns. It will be the first to test whether dedicated neuromuscular training effectively reduces neural compensations and cortical activation related to non-automated movement, favoring automation areas important for a safe return to sport.\n\nPatients will directly benefit from participating in the innovative neuromotor training program, with functional MRI scans conducted before training begins (post-surgery) and after training completion. Indirectly, the study will assess whether neuromotor training can adapt patient neuromotor patterns to reduce re-injury risk, ultimately benefiting future patients undergoing ACL reconstruction.",[27,243,244,245],"ACL Injury","Rehabilitation Exercise","Neuromuscular Control","2026-02-25",{"date":248,"type":40},"2026-02-27",{"date":250,"type":40},"2026-02-07",{"date":252,"type":21},"2027-07",{"name":254,"class":107},"Stefano Zaffagnini",{"id":256,"slug":257,"hasResults":11,"nctId":258,"briefTitle":259,"officialTitle":260,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":261,"healthyVolunteers":15,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":262,"enrollmentInfo":263,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":4,"briefSummary":265,"conditions":266,"keywords":274,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":277,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":278,"startDateStruct":280,"completionDateStruct":282,"leadSponsor":284,"locationsCount":286},"100533123","predicting-treatment-outcomes-in-refractory-constipation-through-brain-connectivity-evaluation-100533123","NCT06221722","Predicting Treatment Outcomes in Refractory Constipation Through Brain Connectivity Evaluation","Evaluation of Brain Connectivity Function in Predicting Therapeutic Effects in Patients With Refractory Constipation: a Multicenter, Prospective, Cohort Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* 18≤ age ≤ 45 years old\n* Right-handed\n* Patients diagnosed as functional constipation according to the Rome IV criteria\n* Informed consent of patients\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Complicated with gastrointestinal organic disease or significant functional abnormalities (tuberculosis, polyps, Crohn's disease, tumors, congenital megacolon, pelvic floor muscle relaxation, abnormal colonic transit test, etc.)\n* Long-term intense exercise (continuous exercise for more than 8 hours per week, such as marathon runners or triathletes)\n* No history of chronic pain, no recent major trauma\n* Drug abuse or tobacco dependence (half a pack or more per day)\n* Combined hypothyroidism and Parkinson's disease\n* Patients with confirmed mental illness or neurological disorders who take psychotropic drugs, analgesics or hormones\n* History of abdominal surgery (appendectomy, hysterectomy, or cholecystectomy)\n* Contraindications to functional magnetic resonance imaging (claustrophobia, metal implants)\n* Pregnant or lactating women with constipation after delivery\n* Patients with other benign and malignant tumors and autoimmune diseases\n* Infectious diseases such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, AIDS, etc.\n* Heart disease, organ failure and other chronic diseases that require long-term medication or affect the quality of life","45 Years",{"count":264,"type":21},150,"The goal of this observational study is to identify the characteristics of brain functional connectivity in refractory constipation and fluoxetine-sensitive patients. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* Investigating the alterations in brain functional connectivity in patients with refractory constipation and fluoxetine-sensitive patients\n* Assessing the predictive value of brain functional connectivity regarding the efficacy of fluoxetine and standard protocol treatments for constipation.\n\nParticipants will receive:\n\n* Standard physiological and psychological assessments of constipation\n* BOLD-fMRI tests\n* Standard protocol and fluoxetine treatment\n\nIf there is a comparison group: Researchers will compare:\n\nRefractory group\u002FFluoxetine sensitive group to see the specific brain alterations.",[267,268,269,27,270,271,272,273],"Constipation - Functional","Refractory Constipation","Fluoxetine","Brain Connectivity","Treatment Efficacy","Somatic Symptom","Mental Symptom",[27,275,276],"functional connectivity","refractory constipation","2025-07-22",{"date":279,"type":40},"2025-07-24",{"date":281,"type":40},"2023-11-01",{"date":283,"type":21},"2026-09-01",{"name":285,"class":107},"Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases",3]