[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"high-grade-glioma-iii-or-iv\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:high-grade-glioma-iii-or-iv":28},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,7,0,[8,61,91,122,148,162,191],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":15,"eligibilityCriteria":16,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":19,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":23,"briefSummary":25,"conditions":26,"keywords":34,"overallStatus":48,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":49,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":50,"startDateStruct":53,"completionDateStruct":55,"leadSponsor":57,"locationsCount":60},"100053384","phase-3-bevacizumab-versus-corticosteroids-as-first-line-treatment-in-patients-with-symptomatic-cerebral-radiation-necrosis-after-radiation-for-high-grade-glioma-or-brain-metastases-100053384",false,"NCT06888817","Bevacizumab Versus Corticosteroids as First-line Treatment in Patients With Symptomatic Cerebral Radiation Necrosis After Radiation for High-grade Glioma or Brain Metastases","Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Cerebral RAdiation Induced NecrosiS (BRAINS) Study: a Multicenter, Open-label, Randomized Clinical Trial to Assess the Clinical Efficacy and Cost-effectiveness of Bevacizumab Versus Corticosteroids as First-line Treatment in Patients With Symptomatic Cerebral Radiation Necrosis After Radiation for High-grade Glioma or Brain Metastases","BRAINS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nInclusion all patients (both HGG and BM):\n\n1. Age ≥ 18 years old\n2. First episode of sCRN ≥ 3 months after completion of focal (re-)irradiation, as determined by the local Multidisciplinary Neuro-Oncology Board. A clear working diagnosis of CRN without evidence of a combination with tumour progression is required\n3. KPS score ≤ 90 and either (a) a minimum loss of two points in at least one domain of the Neurologic Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (NANO) scale as compared to the maximum score of that domain due to sCRN, or (b) a headache attributable to sCRN with an average intensity ≥5\u002F10 on the NRS, persisting for ≥10 consecutive days, with inadequate relief despite an adequate trial of paracetamol and\u002For an NSAID unless these medications are contra-indicated or not tolerated\n4. Maximum daily dexamethasone use of 1 mg\u002Fday for the 8 weeks preceding randomization\n\n   1. Dexamethasone may have been prescribed for various indications, except for managing (ongoing) cerebral edema\n   2. Higher doses of dexamethasone are permitted 3 weeks immediately preceding randomization if used specifically for the treatment of sCRN\n5. Able to understand the patient information, online tests and questionnaires\n6. Written informed consent\n\nInclusion BM:\n\n1\\. BM of solid tumour, including all primary tumour types\n\nInclusion HGG:\n\n1\\. A confirmed histological diagnosis of high-grade diffuse glioma according to WHO 2021 criteria, including: astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, grade 3-4; astrocytoma, IDH-wildtype (sybtype molecular glioblastoma); oligodendroglioma, 1p\u002F19q codeleted, grade 3; diffuse glioma, NEC, grade 3-4; or glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, grade 4\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nA potential subject who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study, both for the BM and HGG group:\n\n1. Prior treatment with bevacizumab \\\u003C6 months before diagnosis of sCRN\n2. Life expectancy \\\u003C3 months\n3. Impending radiological or clinical signs of brain herniation necessitating immediate decompressive surgery\n4. Any comorbidity or condition that prevents safe administration of the studied medication, determined by the treating physician, including but not limited to:\n\n   1. Intolerance for murine proteins\n   2. Hypersensitivity or allergy to the active substance or to any of the excipients of bevacizumab or dexamethasone\n   3. Nephrotic syndrome or abnormal renal function\n\n      o Calculated (Cockcroft-Gault) or measured creatinine clearance \\\u003C30 mL\u002Fmin; urine dipstick for proteinuria ≥ 2+. Patients with ≥ 2+ proteinuria on dipstick urinalysis at baseline should undergo 24 hours urine collection and must demonstrate ≤ 1 g of protein\u002F24 hr.\n   4. Clinical significant cardiovascular disease\n\n      * Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic BP \\>150mmHg and\u002For diastolic \\>100mmHg) despite the use of ≥ 3 antihypertensive drugs\n      * Previous hypertensive crisis, hypertensive encephalopathy or previous reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS)\n      * Non tumour related vascular event (e.g. cerebral or cardiac ischemia\u002Fbleeding (including transient ischemic attack, cerebral ischemia, unstable angina or angina requiring intervention, myocardial infarction), peripheral arterial thrombus, peripheral artery disease, deep venous thrombosis, lung embolism) \\\u003C 6 months\n      * History of aortic aneurysm or dissection\n      * Congestive heart failure NYHA II-IV\n   5. History of gastro-intestinal fistula, perforation or abscess \\\u003C 6 months\n   6. History of bleeding\n\n      * Relevant pulmonary hemorrhage\u002F hemoptysis \\\u003C 1 month or the presence of a pulmonary lesion with a high risk of bleeding (= central lung tumour and\u002For untreated squamous cell carcinoma) according to the treating physician\n      * Active gastrointestinal bleeding \\\u003C 6 months\n      * Evidence of recent intracranial hemorrhage on MRI brain \\\u003C3 months. Asymptomatic presence of hemosiderin depositions or punctate hemorrhage in the tumour do not serve as a ground for exclusion\n   7. Excess risk of bleeding\n\n      * History or evidence of inherited bleeding diathesis or significant coagulopathy with the risk of bleeding\n      * Decreased platelet count \\\u003C 75x109\u002FL\n   8. Risk of wound healing complications\n\n      * Significant non-healing wound, (peptic) ulcer or bone fracture\n      * Major surgical procedure (including open biopsy) or significant traumatic injury within 28 days prior to first study treatment or planned surgical procedure within the following next 28 days after planned study inclusion\n      * Minor surgical procedure, stereotactic\u002Fcore biopsy, fine needle aspiration within 7 days prior to first study treatment\n   9. High-dose radiotherapy to the mediastinum, abdomen, or lower pelvis; administration of bevacizumab should only be considered after prior consultation with a pulmonologist or oncologist\n   10. Pregnancy or lactation. Women of child bearing potential (WOCBP) must have a negative serum pregnancy test (minimum sensitivity 25 IU\u002FL or equivalent units of HCG) within 7 days prior to randomization. WOCBP and female partners of male patients must comply with adequate contraception methods as requested by the study protocol\n   11. Evidence of any other medical conditions (such as psychiatric illness, physical examination or laboratory findings) that may interfere with the study treatment, affect patient compliance or place the patient at high risk for treatment-related complications according to the treating physician\n   12. Current or recent (within 30 days of first study treatment) treatment with another investigational drug or participation in another interventional study In case of uncertainty, consult the principal investigator of the study site.","ALL","18 Years",{"count":20,"type":21},408,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[24],"PHASE3","Cerebral radiation necrosis (CRN) is a severe complication of high-dose radiation for brain metastases (BM) or glioma, which can potentially cause significant neurologic symptoms leading to serious morbidity and impaired quality of life (QoL). The first-line therapy for symptomatic CRN (sCRN) is corticosteroids, primarily dexamethasone, which often leads to complications, refractory symptoms, and interference with anti-cancer treatment. Since 2017, bevacizumab, an antibody against Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), has been used in a second-line treatment setting for refractory sCRN. A small randomized clinical trial (RCT) has shown that bevacizumab significantly diminishes cerebral edema on MRI and decreases clinical symptoms of sCRN in irradiated glioma patients. Several non-randomized clinical studies demonstrated a beneficial radiological and clinical effect of bevacizumab in patients with sCRN after irradiation for BM. The optimal first-line treatment for sCRN is currently unknown. Effective and safe first-line treatment of sCRN will optimize the patient's well-being and health-related QoL. Furthermore, minimizing corticosteroid use will benefit the clinical treatment options and outcomes of concomitant or future anti-cancer treatment. This phase III multicenter, open-label, randomized clinical trial compares the clinical efficacy of first-line bevacizumab versus standard-of-care dexamethasone for sCRN in patients with high-grade glioma (HGG) or BM.",[27,28,29,30,31,32,33],"Radiation Necrosis","High Grade Glioma (III or IV)","Brain Metastasases","Radiation Toxicity","Radiation Effect","Radiation Injury","Radiation Injuries",[35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47],"Cerebral radiation necrosis","High Grade Glioma","Brain Metastases","Bevacizumab","Dexamethasone","Randomized Clinical Trial","First-line treatment","Anti-VEGF monocolonal antibody","Corticosteroids","Radiation induced necrosis","Radiation effects","Radiation injury","Radiation toxicity","RECRUITING","2026-07-09",{"date":51,"type":52},"2026-07-13","ACTUAL",{"date":54,"type":52},"2025-06-19",{"date":56,"type":21},"2030-07",{"name":58,"class":59},"The Netherlands Cancer Institute","OTHER",6,{"id":62,"slug":63,"hasResults":11,"nctId":64,"briefTitle":65,"officialTitle":65,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":66,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":67,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":69,"briefSummary":71,"conditions":72,"keywords":78,"overallStatus":48,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":81,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":82,"startDateStruct":84,"completionDateStruct":86,"leadSponsor":88,"locationsCount":90},"100609136","early-phase-1-window-trial-of-fluorescently-labeled-nivolumab-irdye800-nivo800-in-high-grade-glioma-hgg-100609136","NCT07210632","Window Trial of Fluorescently Labeled Nivolumab-IRDye800 (Nivo800) in High Grade Glioma (HGG)","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Written informed consent\n2. Age ≥ 18 years\n3. Patient must have imaging of highly suspicious high grade glioma (HGG)\n4. Patients for whom surgical craniotomy is planned as standard of care (SOC)\n5. Adequate hematologic, hepatic function and end-organ function appropriate for surgical resection and anesthesia (within 30 days of infusion) WBC ≥ 2,000 (mcl) AST 9-80 (IU\u002FL) ALT 7-110 (IU\u002FL) BUN 6-50 (mg\u002FdL) Creatinine 0.5-3.0 (mg\u002FdL)\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Patients not eligible for SOC surgical resection\n2. Active or history of autoimmune disease or immune deficiency, including, but not limited to, myasthenia gravis, myositis, autoimmune hepatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, Wegener granulomatosis, Sjögren syndrome, Guillain-Barré syndrome, or multiple sclerosis with the following exceptions:\n\n   Patients with a history of autoimmune-related hypothyroidism who are on thyroid-replacement hormone are eligible for the study.\n\n   Patients with controlled Type 1 diabetes mellitus who are on an insulin regimen are eligible for the study.\n\n   Patients with eczema, psoriasis, lichen simplex chronicus, or vitiligo with dermatologic manifestations only (e.g., patients with psoriatic arthritis are excluded) are eligible for the study provided if all the following conditions are met:\n\n   Rash must cover \\\u003C 10% of body surface area Disease is well controlled at baseline and requires only low-potency topical corticosteroids No occurrence of acute exacerbations of the underlying condition requiring psoralen plus ultraviolet A radiation, methotrexate, retinoids, biologic agents, oral calcineurin inhibitors, or high-potency oral corticosteroids within the previous 12 months\n3. History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, organizing pneumonia (e.g., bronchiolitis obliterans), drug-induced pneumonitis, or idiopathic pneumonitis, or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening chest CT scan.\n\n   History of radiation pneumonitis in the radiation field (fibrosis) is permitted.\n4. Significant cardiovascular disease (such as New York Heart Association Class II or greater cardiac disease, myocardial infarction, or cerebrovascular accident) within 3 months prior to initiation of study treatment, unstable arrhythmia, or unstable angina.\n5. Severe unresolved infection within 4 weeks prior to initiation of study treatment.\n6. Prior allogeneic stem cell or solid organ transplantation\n7. History of severe allergic anaphylactic reactions to chimeric or humanized antibodies or fusion proteins\n8. Chronic treatment with systemic immunosuppressive medication in excess of physiologic maintenance doses of corticosteroids (\\>10 mg\u002Fday of prednisone or equivalent) (including, but not limited to, corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate, thalidomide, and anti-TNF-a agents), with the following exceptions:\n\n   Patients who received acute, systemic immunosuppressant medication or a dose of systemic immunosuppressant medication are eligible for the study.\n\n   Physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy at doses ≤ 10 mg\u002Fday of prednisone or equivalent for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency and in the absence of active autoimmune disease is permitted.\n\n   Patients with asthma that requires intermittent use of bronchodilators, inhaled steroids, or local steroid injections may participate.\n\n   Patients using topical, ocular, intra-articular, or intranasal steroids (with minimal systemic absorption) may participate.\n\n   Brief courses of corticosteroids for prophylaxis (e.g., contrast dye allergy) or study treatment-related standard premedication is permitted.\n9. Pregnant or breastfeeding, or intention of becoming pregnant during study treatment or within 2 months after the final dose of study treatment.\n10. Participants presenting with a baseline QTcF interval \\> than 480 milliseconds.",{"count":68,"type":21},38,[70],"EARLY_PHASE1","High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are among the most aggressive and treatment-resistant brain tumors. Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors like nivolumab has shown promise, but its efficacy remains variable and poorly understood in this patient population. This clinical trial investigates a novel imaging-enabled formulation of nivolumab-IRDye800 (nivo800) which incorporates a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye to enable real-time visualization of drug distribution within tumor tissue.",[73,74,75,36,76,28,77],"Brain Cancer","HGG","Glioma","High Grade Gliomas","High Grade Glioma (HGG) of the Brain With BRAF Aberration",[79,80],"hgg","high grade glioma","2026-06-29",{"date":83,"type":52},"2026-07-01",{"date":85,"type":52},"2026-03-27",{"date":87,"type":21},"2031-03-30",{"name":89,"class":59},"Eben Rosenthal",1,{"id":92,"slug":93,"hasResults":11,"nctId":94,"briefTitle":95,"officialTitle":96,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":97,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":98,"maxAge":99,"enrollmentInfo":100,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":102,"briefSummary":104,"conditions":105,"keywords":110,"overallStatus":112,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":113,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":114,"startDateStruct":116,"completionDateStruct":118,"leadSponsor":120,"locationsCount":4},"100608845","phase-2-study-of-tovorafenib-in-high-grade-glioma-and-diffuse-intrinsic-pontine-glioma-dipg-100608845","NCT07206849","Study of Tovorafenib in High-Grade Glioma and Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG)","A Phase 2 Study of Tovorafenib in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients Newly Diagnosed With High-Grade Glioma (HGG), Including Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG), Which Harbor Alterations in the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Pathway","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patient must have previously enrolled on TarGeT-SCR.\n\n  1. Age Patients must be ≥12 months and ≤39 years of age at the time of enrollment on TarGeT-SCR.\n  2. Body Surface Area (BSA) Patients must have a BSA \\>0.3m2.\n  3. Diagnosis:\n\n     * Patients with a newly-diagnosed HGG, including DIPG, which harbor alterations in the MAPK pathway are eligible. All patients must have tumor tissue from diagnostic biopsy or resection. The diagnosis of HGG, including DIPG, must have been confirmed through TarGeT-SCR.\n     * For the diagnosis of DIPG, patients must have a tumor with pontine epicenter and diffuse involvement of at least 2\u002F3 of the pons, with histopathology consistent with diffuse WHO Grade 2-4 glioma.\n     * All other HGGs must be WHO Grade 3 or 4.\n  4. Disease Status\n\n     • Patients must be newly diagnosed and enroll and start treatment within 35 days of completion of radiotherapy.\n\n     • Measurable disease is not required. Patients without measurable disease are eligible.\n     * Patients with primary spinal tumors are eligible.\n     * Patients with secondary or radiation-induced HGG are eligible.\n  5. TarGeT-B Strata Definitions\n\n     Patients must be able to be assigned to one of the strata below:\n\n     • Stratum A: Patients with intracranial, localized, non-pontine, and non-thalamic HGG harboring a BRAFV600 mutation (who do not meet criteria for Strata B or C).\n     * Stratum B: Patients with DIPG\u002FDMG as defined in Section 4.1.3 OR patients with localized, non-pontine, non-thalamic HGG harboring a MAPK alteration not included in Stratum A (KIAA1549:BRAF fusion, KRAS\u002FNRAS, CRAF\u002FRAF1, other RAF mutation, or FGFR alteration) OR patients with primary spinal tumors.\n     * Stratum C: Patients with metastatic HGG (including metastatic DIPG\u002FDMG) harboring a MAPK alteration (BRAFV600, KIAA1549:BRAF fusion, KRAS\u002FNRAS, CRAF\u002FRAF1, other RAF mutation, or FGFR alteration).\n  6. Presence of at least one relevant actionable somatic alteration:\n\n     • MAPK pathway alteration(s): BRAFV600 mutation (Strata A or C)\n     * KIAA1549:BRAF fusion (Strata B or C)\n     * KRAS\u002FNRAS alteration (Strata B or C)\n     * CRAF\u002FRAF1 alteration (Strata B or C)\n     * other RAF mutations (Strata B or C)\n     * FGFR alteration (Strata B or C)\n  7. Performance Level:\n\n     Karnofsky ≥ 50 for patients \\> 16 years of age and Lansky ≥ 50 for patients ≤ 16 years of age (Appendix I). Patients who are unable to walk because of paralysis, but who are up in a wheelchair, will be considered ambulatory for the purpose of assessing the performance score.\n  8. Prior Therapy for HGG:\n\n     o Surgery, radiation (RT), and\u002For dexamethasone are permissible. Temozolomide administered concurrently with RT is permissible but discouraged for patients with DIPG\u002FDMG. No other prior anticancer therapy for HGG will be allowed.\n\n     o Radiation therapy requirements: Patients must have received photon or proton focal radiotherapy if enrolling on Stratum A or B. Patients must have received craniospinal irradiation if enrolling on Stratum C.\n\n     o Radiotherapy, delivered photon or proton beam, must have been administered at a standard dose, including:\n\n     o 54 Gy in 30 fractions for DIPG\n\n     o 54-59.4 Gy in 30-33 fractions for other HGG\n\n     o 45-54 Gy for primary spinal cord HGG\n\n     o And\u002For 36-39.6 Gy craniospinal for patients with spinal or leptomeningeal metastatic disease with supplemental boost to 45-54 Gy for metastasis within the thecal sac and 54-60 Gy for intracranial metastasis.\n\n     o Any variances in the radiotherapy dose within 10% of standard doses outlined above will be discussed with the Sponsor-Investigator to confirm eligibility prior to study enrollment.\n\n     o Timing between diagnosis and start of RT: Patients must have started RT within 31 calendar days of initial diagnosis which is defined as the date of diagnostic biopsy or resection. If a patient underwent two upfront surgeries e.g., biopsy then resection or debulking, this is the date of the second surgery.\n     * Timing post-RT: Patients must enroll and start treatment on TarGeT-B no later than 35 calendar days post-completion of RT. The earliest patients can begin protocol treatment is 28 calendar days post-completion of RT.\n  9. Organ Function Requirements\n* Adequate Bone Marrow Function Defined as:\n\n  • Peripheral absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \\>= 1000\u002Fmm3.\n\n  • Platelet count \\>= 100,000\u002Fmm3 (transfusion independent, defined as not receiving platelet transfusions for at least 7 days prior to enrollment).\n\n  • Hemoglobin \\>8 g\u002FdL (may be transfused).\n* Adequate Renal Function Defined as:\n\nCreatinine clearance or radioisotope GFR \\> 70ml\u002Fmin\u002F1.73 m2 OR serum creatinine based on age\u002Fgender as follows:\n\nMaximum Serum Creatinine (mg\u002FdL) Age Male Female 1 to \\\u003C 2 years 0.6 0.6 2 to \\\u003C 6 years 0.8 0.8 6 to \\\u003C 10 years 1 1 10 to \\\u003C 13 years 1.2 1.2 13 to \\\u003C 16 years 1.5 1.4\n\n* 16 years 1.7 1.4 The threshold creatinine values in this table were derived from the Schwartz formula for estimating GFR (Schwartz et al. J. Peds, 106:522, 1985) utilizing child length and stature data published by the CDC.\n\n  * Adequate Liver Function Defined as:\n\n    * Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times institutional upper limit of normal (ULN).\n    * Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)\u002Falanine aminotransferase (ALT) \\\u003C 3 times the ULN.\n    * Serum albumin ≥ 2g\u002FdL.\n  * Adequate Cardiac Function Defined as:\n\n    • Left Ventricular Ejection fraction of ≥ 50% as measured by echocardiogram or multiple-gated acquisition (MUGA).\n    * QTc ≤ 450 msec (by Bazett formula).\n  * Adequate Neurologic Function Defined as:\n\n    * Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if on anticonvulsants and well controlled (see Appendix II).\n  * Normal Thyroid Function Defined as:\n\n    • Free throxine (T4) within institutional guidelines for normal range. It is acceptable for patient to be on thyroid supplementation as long as free T4 is within institutional guidelines for normal range prior to starting treatment.\n\n    10\\) Informed Consent All patients and\u002For their parents or legally authorized representatives must sign a written Informed Consent and Assent, when appropriate, will be obtained according to institutional guidelines.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Pregnancy or breastfeeding.\n2. Other Exclusion Criteria\n\n   • Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) are not eligible for this study.\n\n   • Infection: Patients who have an uncontrolled infection are not eligible.\n\n   • Patients who, in the opinion of the investigator, may not be able to comply with the safety monitoring requirements of the study are not eligible.\n\n   • Patients with uncontrolled GI disease or other condition that could affect absorption or predispose participant to gastrointestinal ulceration are not eligible.\n3. Concomitant Medications • Corticosteroids: Patients receiving corticosteroids are eligible, but the use of corticosteroids must be reported.\n\n   • Investigational Agents\u002FDrugs: Patients who are currently receiving another investigational drug are not eligible. This includes targeted agents, monoclonal antibodies, herbal supplements, or other investigational agents other than tovorafenib.\n\n   • Anti-cancer Agents: Patients who are currently receiving other anti-cancer agents are not eligible with the exception of temozolomide given concurrently with radiotherapy.\n\n   • Anticonvulsants: Patients who are receiving enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants as listed in Appendix II, are not eligible.\n\n   • Patients who are receiving medications known to prolong QTc interval as listed in Appendix III are not eligible.\n\n   • As tovorafenib is a substrate of CYP2C8, patients should not take strong inhibitors or inducers of CYP2C8 (See Appendix VI), as they could alter the drug's pharmacokinetics. Medications that are substrates of CYP2C8 or CYP3A4 are allowed but should be used with caution.\n\n   • Medications that are substrates of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) with a narrow therapeutic index are prohibited during this study (Appendix IV).\n   * Patients who are receiving duloxetine, alosetron, or theophylline (CYP1A2 inhibitors) are not eligible.\n   * Patients on beta-blockers are not eligible.\n   * Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro), Fluoxetine (Prozac), fluvoxamine (Luvox), paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft) should be used with caution but are not contraindicated.\n   * Anticoagulants: patients who are receiving therapeutic anticoagulants including warfarin, low-molecular weight heparin are not eligible.\n\n5\\) Patients with prior or ongoing clinically significant medical or psychiatric condition that, in the investigator's opinion, could affect the safety of the participant, or could impair the assessment of study results are not eligible.","12 Months","39 Years",{"count":101,"type":21},79,[103],"PHASE2","The goal of this study is to determine the efficacy of the study drugs tovorafenib to treat pediatric and young adult patients newly diagnosed with a high-grade glioma (HGG), including DIPG, that have genetic changes in pathways (MAPK) that this drug targets.\n\nThe main question the study aims to answer is whether tovorafenib can prolong the life of patients diagnosed with HGG, including DIPG.",[77,28,106,36,107,108,109],"Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma","WHO Grade 3 Glioma","WHO Grade 4 Glioma","Metastatic Brain Tumor",[111,80],"tovorafenib","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-04-03",{"date":115,"type":52},"2026-04-08",{"date":117,"type":21},"2026-05",{"date":119,"type":21},"2037-05",{"name":121,"class":59},"Nationwide Children's Hospital",{"id":123,"slug":124,"hasResults":11,"nctId":125,"briefTitle":126,"officialTitle":127,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":128,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":129,"enrollmentInfo":130,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":132,"briefSummary":134,"conditions":135,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":112,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":138,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":139,"startDateStruct":141,"completionDateStruct":143,"leadSponsor":145,"locationsCount":90},"100627931","phase-1-a-phase-i-study-of-fz-ad005-in-patients-with-high-grade-glioma-hgg-100627931","NCT07455045","A Phase I Study of FZ-AD005 in Patients With High-Grade Glioma (HGG)","An Open-Label, Multicenter, Phase I Study of FZ-AD005 Antibody-Drug Conjugate in Patients With Recurrent\u002FRefractory High-Grade Glioma (HGG)","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Voluntarily signed Informed Consent Form;\n2. Age 18-70 years, both male and female;\n3. Patients must be able to provide tumor tissue samples (archived tumor tissue within 2 years \\[maximum 5 years\\] or fresh core needle biopsy specimen, if possible) for DLL3 testing, with positive assessment results;\n4. Histopathologically confirmed high-grade glioma, classified according to WHO CNS5 2021 criteria, meeting one of the following characteristics:\n\n   Group A (Post-radiotherapy maintenance phase): Diffuse midline glioma (DMG), with H3 K27 alterated by CLIA-certified laboratory; Patients must be in the maintenance treatment phase following new diagnosis and completion of standard first-line radiotherapy; Group B (Recurrent or progressive high-grade glioma): Recurrent or progressive high-grade glioma (WHO CNS5 Grade 3-4). Including but not limited to: IDH wild-type glioblastoma (GBM), IDH-mutant astrocytoma (Grade 3-4), IDH-mutant oligodendroglioma (Grade 3), etc. (Note: Recurrent or progressive DMG patients may be enrolled in this group during dose escalation phase);\n5. Prior treatment status:\n\n   Group A (Post-radiotherapy maintenance phase): Must have completed standard radiotherapy, with enrollment occurring within 2-6 weeks after radiotherapy completion, and no definitive evidence of progressive disease (PD) on post-radiotherapy imaging; Group B (Recurrent or progressive high-grade glioma): Must be recurrent or refractory patients who have failed standard treatment: must have received at least one prior line of standard treatment (including radiotherapy and\u002For chemotherapy, such as temozolomide), with an imaging evidence of PD; for patients with prior radiotherapy, disease progression must occur \\>12 weeks after radiotherapy, or must be histopathologically confirmed as tumor recurrence rather than necrosis\u002Fpseudoprogression by radiotherapy;\n6. At least one measurable lesion at baseline (RANO 2.0 )\n7. Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score ≥70 (if patient has slightly lower score solely due to stable focal neurological deficits but can maintain basic daily living with support, 60 is approval);\n8. If patient is receiving corticosteroids for tumor-related cerebral edema or neurological symptoms, dosage must be stable or decreasing for at least 7 days prior to baseline MRI, with dose ≤5 mg\u002Fday dexamethasone (or equivalent dose of other corticosteroids); if increased steroid dosage is required during screening to control cerebral edema due to clinical deterioration, the patient is ineligible;\n9. Estimated life expectancy ≥12 weeks;\n10. Normal coagulation function, with no risk of active bleeding;\n11. Cardiopulmonary function: Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥50%; pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) ≥95% on room air at rest, with no dyspnea at rest;\n12. Bone marrow reserve and organ function must meet the following requirements:\n\n    Hematology: Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥1.5×10⁹\u002FL, platelets ≥100×10⁹\u002FL, hemoglobin ≥90 g\u002FL (without transfusion, erythropoietin \\[EPO\\], granulocyte colony-stimulating factor \\[G-CSF\\], or other medical supportive treatment within 14 days prior to screening); Coagulation: For subjects not receiving anticoagulation therapy, prothrombin time international normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) ≤1.5×upper limit of normal (ULN) (Note: Subjects receiving stable anticoagulation therapy are allowed if parameters are within therapeutic range and no bleeding risk); Liver: Total serum bilirubin ≤1.5×ULN, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤2.5×ULN; if Gilbert's syndrome (unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia) is confirmed, total bilirubin ≤3.0×ULN; AST and ALT ≤3×ULN; Kidney: Serum creatinine (Scr) ≤1.5×ULN, or creatinine clearance (Ccr) ≥50 mL\u002Fmin (calculated by Cockcroft and Gault formula);\n13. All acute toxicities from prior antitumor therapy or surgical procedures must have resolved to baseline severity or NCI CTCAE Version 6.0 Grade ≤1;\n14. Within 7 days prior to enrollment, women of childbearing potential must have negative serum or urine pregnancy test; male and female subjects must agree to use effective contraception (e.g., oral contraceptives, intrauterine device, abstinence, or barrier contraception with spermicide) during study drug administration and for 6 months after the last dose;\n15. Good compliance.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Prior treatment with other anti-DLL3 targeted antibody therapies or other DLL3-directed treatments, or ADC drugs containing DXd payload;\n2. History of allergic reaction to exatecan or ≥Grade 3 gastrointestinal toxicity following prior exatecan use, or hypersensitivity to protein components structurally similar to FZ-AD005, or hypersensitivity to excipients of the FZ-AD005 investigational drug;\n3. Subjects with any contraindications to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (e.g., cardiac pacemaker, non-removable metal implants, etc.);\n4. History of other malignancies within the past 3 years (except for specific low-risk tumors that have been radically treated);\n5. Failure to meet the following washout period requirements prior to first dose:\n\n   Chemotherapy (non-nitrosourea), small molecule targeted therapy: ≤3 weeks (21 days) or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer); Nitrosoureas (e.g., lomustine) or mitomycin C: ≤6 weeks (42 days); Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), antibody drugs (including other ADCs): ≤4 weeks (28 days) or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer); Anti-angiogenic therapy (e.g., bevacizumab): ≤5 weeks (35 days); Radiotherapy: For Treatment Group B: whole brain or involved-field radiotherapy ≤12 weeks; palliative radiotherapy (non-intracranial target lesions) ≤2 weeks (Note: For Treatment Group A subjects, standard first-line radiotherapy prior to this enrollment is not subject to this 12-week restriction, but must meet the specific window requirement for time since radiotherapy completion as stated in the inclusion criteria);\n6. Receipt of live vaccine within 4 weeks prior to first dose;\n7. Active infection requiring drug intervention within 2 weeks prior to first dose, or unexplained fever \\>38°C with elevated procalcitonin results between screening and first dose (subjects with tumor-related fever may be enrolled at investigator's discretion);\n8. Severe mass effect or risk of brain herniation, defined as: baseline MRI showing midline shift \\>5 mm, or signs of uncontrolled intracranial hypertension\u002Fhydrocephalus; or investigator's judgment that the patient cannot tolerate any degree of treatment-induced cerebral edema;\n9. Extracranial metastases or diffuse leptomeningeal disease confirmed by imaging (MRI)\u002Fcerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology;\n10. Uncontrolled pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, or ascites requiring repeated drainage despite appropriate intervention;\n11. History of (non-infectious) interstitial lung disease (ILD)\u002Fpneumonitis requiring steroid treatment, or current ILD\u002Fpneumonitis, or suspected ILD\u002Fpneumonitis that cannot be excluded by imaging at screening;\n12. Serious cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease or history (including but not limited to the following):\n\n    Myocardial infarction or unstable angina within 6 months prior to first dose; Congestive heart failure with cardiac function ≥Grade II (NYHA classification); Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure \\>160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure \\>100 mmHg); Baseline QTcF \\>450 ms (male) or \\>470 ms (female); Clinically significant arrhythmia or conduction block requiring drug treatment;\n13. Other serious systemic diseases, including but not limited to diabetes mellitus not effectively controlled;\n14. Subjects with poorly healing wounds, ulcers, or fractures;\n15. Patients who underwent major surgery or serious trauma within 4 weeks prior to first dose;\n16. Receipt of autologous organ or stem cell transplantation within 3 months prior to first dose, or allogeneic organ (except corneal transplantation) or stem cell transplantation within 6 months prior to first dose;\n17. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive with HBV DNA \\>2000 IU\u002FmL or 10⁴ copies\u002FmL. If HBsAg positive but with low DNA, should receive antiviral treatment according to local treatment guidelines and be willing to receive antiviral treatment throughout the study period; Hepatitis C antibody positive with HCV RNA above the upper limit of normal of the study center;\n18. Active tuberculosis, active syphilis, history of immunodeficiency, positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody, or other immunodeficiency diseases;\n19. Requirement for systemic corticosteroids (\\>5 mg\u002Fday dexamethasone or equivalent dose of similar drugs) or other immunosuppressants for systemic treatment within 2 weeks prior to first dose or during the study; Note: Topical and inhaled corticosteroids with minimal systemic absorption are permitted; corticosteroids ≤5 mg\u002Fday dexamethasone (or equivalent dose) for physiological replacement therapy or treatment of tumor-related symptoms are permitted, provided the subject has stable or decreasing dosage for at least 7 days prior to baseline MRI; short-term (≤7 days) corticosteroids for prophylaxis (e.g., contrast allergy) or treatment of non-autoimmune conditions (e.g., delayed hypersensitivity due to contact allergens) are permitted;\n20. Definite history of mental illness;\n21. Known history of psychoactive substance abuse, alcoholism, or drug addiction;\n22. Pregnant or lactating women;\n23. Uncontrolled seizures (seizure within 14 days prior to enrollment or requirement for increased antiepileptic drug dosage);\n24. Clinically significant intracranial hemorrhage (\\>Grade 1 acute\u002Fsubacute hemorrhage);\n25. Any other condition that the investigator considers unsuitable for participation in this clinical study.","70 Years",{"count":131,"type":21},40,[133],"PHASE1","An Open Label, Phase I Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Preliminary Antitumor Activity of FZ-AD005 in Patients with HGG, especially in DMG and other Recurrent HGG.",[28,136,137],"Diffuse Midline Glioma (DMG)","Glioblastoma (GBM)","2026-03-02",{"date":140,"type":52},"2026-03-06",{"date":142,"type":21},"2026-03-01",{"date":144,"type":21},"2028-06-01",{"name":146,"class":147},"Shanghai Fudan-Zhangjiang Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.","INDUSTRY",{"id":149,"slug":4,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":15,"eligibilityCriteria":150,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":151,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":152,"briefSummary":25,"conditions":153,"keywords":154,"overallStatus":48,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":155,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":156,"startDateStruct":158,"completionDateStruct":159,"leadSponsor":160,"locationsCount":161},"100584398","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nInclusion all patients (both HGG and BM):\n\n1. Age ≥ 18 years old\n2. First episode of sCRN ≥ 3 months after completion of focal (re-)irradiation, as determined by the local Multidisciplinary Neuro-Oncology Board. A clear working diagnosis of CRN without evidence of a combination with tumour progression is required\n3. KPS score ≤ 90 and a minimum loss of two points in at least one domain of the NANO scale as compared to the maximum score of at that domain due to sCRN\n4. Maximum daily dexamethasone use of 1 mg\u002Fday for the 8 weeks preceding randomization\n\n   1. Dexamethasone may have been prescribed for various indications, except for managing (ongoing) cerebral edema\n   2. Higher doses of dexamethasone are permitted during the week immediately preceding randomization if used specifically for the treatment of sCRN\n5. Able to understand the patient information, online tests and questionnaires\n6. Written informed consent\n\nInclusion BM:\n\n1\\. BM of solid tumour, including all primary tumour types\n\nInclusion HGG:\n\n1\\. A confirmed histological diagnosis of high-grade diffuse glioma according to WHO 2021 criteria, including: astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, grade 3-4; astrocytoma, IDH-wildtype (sybtype molecular glioblastoma); oligodendroglioma, 1p\u002F19q codeleted, grade 3; diffuse glioma, NEC, grade 3-4; or glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, grade 4\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nA potential subject who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study, both for the BM and HGG group:\n\n1. Prior treatment with bevacizumab \\\u003C6 months before diagnosis of sCRN\n2. Life expectancy \\\u003C3 months\n3. Impending radiological or clinical signs of brain herniation necessitating immediate decompressive surgery\n4. Any comorbidity or condition that prevents safe administration of the studied medication, determined by the treating physician, including but not limited to:\n\n   1. Intolerance for murine proteins\n   2. Hypersensitivity or allergy to the active substance or to any of the excipients of bevacizumab or dexamethasone\n   3. Nephrotic syndrome or abnormal renal function\n\n      o Calculated (Cockcroft-Gault) or measured creatinine clearance \\\u003C30 mL\u002Fmin; urine dipstick for proteinuria ≥ 2+. Patients with ≥ 2+ proteinuria on dipstick urinalysis at baseline should undergo 24 hours urine collection and must demonstrate ≤ 1 g of protein\u002F24 hr.\n   4. Clinical significant cardiovascular disease\n\n      * Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic BP \\>150mmHg and\u002For diastolic \\>100mmHg) despite the use of ≥ 3 antihypertensive drugs\n      * Previous hypertensive crisis, hypertensive encephalopathy or previous reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS)\n      * Non tumour related vascular event (e.g. cerebral or cardiac ischemia\u002Fbleeding (including transient ischemic attack, cerebral ischemia, unstable angina or angina requiring intervention, myocardial infarction), peripheral arterial thrombus, peripheral artery disease, deep venous thrombosis, lung embolism) \\\u003C 6 months\n      * History of aortic aneurysm or dissection\n      * Congestive heart failure NYHA II-IV\n   5. History of gastro-intestinal fistula, perforation or abscess \\\u003C 6 months\n   6. History of bleeding\n\n      * Relevant pulmonary hemorrhage\u002F hemoptysis \\\u003C 1 month or the presence of a pulmonary lesion with a high risk of bleeding (= central lung tumour and\u002For untreated squamous cell carcinoma) according to the treating physician\n      * Active gastrointestinal bleeding \\\u003C 6 months\n      * Evidence of recent intracranial hemorrhage on MRI brain \\\u003C3 months. Asymptomatic presence of hemosiderin depositions or punctate hemorrhage in the tumour do not serve as a ground for exclusion\n   7. Excess risk of bleeding\n\n      * History or evidence of inherited bleeding diathesis or significant coagulopathy with the risk of bleeding\n      * Decreased platelet count \\\u003C 75x109\u002FL\n   8. Risk of wound healing complications\n\n      * Significant non-healing wound, (peptic) ulcer or bone fracture\n      * Major surgical procedure (including open biopsy) or significant traumatic injury within 28 days prior to first study treatment or planned surgical procedure within the following next 28 days after planned study inclusion\n      * Minor surgical procedure, stereotactic\u002Fcore biopsy, fine needle aspiration within 7 days prior to first study treatment\n   9. Patients with ≥ 2+ proteinuria on dipstick urinalysis at baseline should undergo 24 hours urine collection and must demonstrate ≤ 1 g of protein\u002F24 hr.\n   10. Previous, current or planned high dose radiotherapy in the abdomen\n   11. Pregnancy or lactation. Women of child bearing potential (WOCBP) must have a negative serum pregnancy test (minimum sensitivity 25 IU\u002FL or equivalent units of HCG) within 7 days prior to randomization. WOCBP and female partners of male patients must comply with adequate contraception methods as requested by the study protocol\n   12. Evidence of any other medical conditions (such as psychiatric illness, physical examination or laboratory findings) that may interfere with the study treatment, affect patient compliance or place the patient at high risk for treatment-related complications according to the treating physician\n   13. Current or recent (within 30 days of first study treatment) treatment with another investigational drug or participation in another interventional study In case of uncertainty, consult the principal investigator of the study site.",{"count":20,"type":21},[24],[27,28,29,30,31,32,33],[35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47],"2026-02-24",{"date":157,"type":52},"2026-02-25",{"date":54,"type":52},{"date":56,"type":21},{"name":58,"class":59},5,{"id":163,"slug":164,"hasResults":11,"nctId":165,"briefTitle":166,"officialTitle":167,"acronym":168,"eligibilityCriteria":169,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":170,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":172,"phases":4,"briefSummary":173,"conditions":174,"keywords":175,"overallStatus":48,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":182,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":183,"startDateStruct":185,"completionDateStruct":187,"leadSponsor":189,"locationsCount":90},"100615000","fluorescence-enhanced-stereotactic-surgery-fess-100615000","NCT07286903","Fluorescence Enhanced Stereotactic Surgery (FESS)","Fluorescence Enhanced Stereotactic Surgery","FESS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patient aged 18 years or older\n* Patients able to provide the informed consentPresumptive diagnosis of high grade glioma\n* Patient whose surgery require the use of 5-ALA as standard of treatment\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients who are not suitable for surgery\n* Patients unable to provide informed consent due to cognitive impairment or other reasons",{"count":171,"type":21},20,"OBSERVATIONAL","Histopathological diagnosis is essential for gliomas, but stereotactic biopsy carries significant risks and can fail to provide diagnostic tissue. This study aims to develop and validate an advanced fiber optic system integrated into a standard Nashold biopsy needle. This system combines 5-ALA fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, and ultrasound imaging to provide real-time feedback on tumor tissue and blood vessels. The study involves ex-vivo testing on brain tumor tissues (High Grade Glioma) obtained through surgical resection to validate the system's ability to identify tumor margins and vascular structures, aiming to improve biopsy safety and accuracy.",[36,28],[176,177,178,179,75,180,181],"Stereotactic Biopsy","Fluorescence Guided Surgery","5-ALA","Raman Spectroscopy","Fiber Opticts","Nashold Needle","2025-12-03",{"date":184,"type":52},"2025-12-16",{"date":186,"type":52},"2024-07-01",{"date":188,"type":21},"2026-12",{"name":190,"class":59},"Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta",{"id":192,"slug":193,"hasResults":11,"nctId":194,"briefTitle":195,"officialTitle":196,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":197,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":198,"maxAge":129,"enrollmentInfo":199,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":200,"briefSummary":201,"conditions":202,"keywords":204,"overallStatus":48,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":210,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":211,"startDateStruct":213,"completionDateStruct":215,"leadSponsor":217,"locationsCount":90},"100568933","phase-2-injection-of-active-allogeneic-natural-killer-cells-in-patients-with-gliomas-100568933","NCT06687681","Injection of Active Allogeneic Natural Killer Cells in Patients With Gliomas","Efficacy of the Intrathecal Injection of Active Allogeneic Natural Killer Cells in Patients With High-grade Gliomas; A Multi-center Phase II Clinical Trial","Inclusion Criteria: New diagnosed patients with grade 3 or 4 brain tumor, based on WHO classification, which are included in the one of the following conditions: • Astrocytoma, IDHmutant • Oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant • Glioblastoma, IDH-wild type • Diffuse midline glioma • Diffuse hemispheric glioma • Diffuse pediatric-type high-grade glioma, IDH-wild type Age range of 3 to 60 years old both sex Lansky\u002FKarnofsky performance score above 60 Obtained informed consent of patients or parents or legal attendance in cases of pediatrics Hemoglobin above 10 gr\u002FdL of blood Absolute granulocyte count (AGC) above 500 per microliter of blood Platelet count above 50000 per microliter of blood INR below 2 and PTT less than 1.5 times of maximum normal value Plasma bilirubin level less than 1.5 times of maximum normal value Plasma hepatic transaminases (ALT and AST) level less than 3 times of maximum normal value Plasma creatinine level less than 1.5 times of maximum normal value -\n\nExclusion Criteria: Evidence of radio necrosis in MRI or MRS Intolerance of new treatment due to emergency condition History of other malignancies History of any immunodeficiency diseases or any immune compromising conditions Rupture of cerebral shunt or unable to perform a lumbar puncture Pregnancy History of uncontrolled chronic diseases such as: Diabetes, CHF, liver cirrhosis, CKD, etc\n\n\\-","3 Years",{"count":131,"type":21},[103],"Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumors, which are often associated with high-grade tumors characterized by an inferior prognosis and low patient survival rates in both children and adults. Surgical removal and tumor resection are the primary treatment approaches for gliomas. In such cases, whole-brain radiation therapy is also employed as a therapeutic option, which itself has significant side effects, and studies have shown limited impact on improving patient survival. Targeted therapy and recently investigated approaches such as targeted therapy have shown some tumor regression, but in most cases, tumor recurrence has been observed after initial regression. Therefore, they have a limited impact on prolonging patient survival. Immunotherapy, particularly immunotherapy with specific immune cells, can effectively identify and eliminate cancer cells and has been utilized as a new approach in the past two decades, especially in cancers where conventional methods have limited success. Among the effective immunotherapy methods, using natural killer cells (NK cells) can be one of the promising approaches. Currently, phase I clinical trials have been conducted by our research group in patients with gliomas.",[203,28],"Glioma Glioblastoma Multiforme",[205,206,207,208,209],"natural killer cells","Brain glioma","NK cells","glioblastoma","high grade gliomas","2025-04-05",{"date":212,"type":52},"2025-04-09",{"date":214,"type":52},"2024-11-25",{"date":216,"type":21},"2027-11-25",{"name":218,"class":147},"Marzieh Ebrahimi"]