[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"lactation\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:lactation":26},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,12,0,[8,41,77,100,123,152,193,222,268,290,315,356],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":15,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":18,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":22,"briefSummary":24,"conditions":25,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":28,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":29,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":30,"startDateStruct":33,"completionDateStruct":35,"leadSponsor":37,"locationsCount":40},"100642832","phase-4-a-study-to-measure-mirikizumab-levels-in-breast-milk-of-lactating-participants-receiving-mirikizumab-therapeutically-for-an-approved-indication-100642832",false,"NCT07612267","A Study to Measure Mirikizumab Levels in Breast Milk of Lactating Participants Receiving Mirikizumab Therapeutically for an Approved Indication","A Study to Evaluate Mirikizumab Concentrations in Breast Milk Following Administration of Mirikizumab by Subcutaneous Injection in Lactating Participants Receiving Mirikizumab Therapeutically for an Approved Indication","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nStudy Participants:\n\n* Mothers who are at minimum 18 years of age and their infants who are at least 36 weeks gestation age at birth and at least 3 weeks old by Study Day 0\n* Multiple births may be allowed following discussion with the medical monitor.\n\nNote: in the opinion of the healthcare practitioner (HCP), there are no infant or maternal issues that would preclude the mother participant or the infant from participation\n\n* Lactation history is well established, with the mother exclusively breastfeeding her infant\n* Mother participant is receiving mirikizumab therapeutically for an approved diagnosis (having received at least 2 doses of mirikizumab SC maintenance therapy every 4 weeks prior to study Day 0)\n* Have a breastfed infant who can feed from a bottle with previously stored breast milk or formula\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Have a history of inadequate lactation, for multiparous participants who have previously breastfed\n* Have a significant previous or current history of comorbidities capable of significantly altering the absorption, metabolism, or elimination of drugs, or of constituting a risk when taking mirikizumab, or of interfering with the interpretation of data\n* Have any condition that fulfills any contraindication stated in the label. All warnings and precautions stated in the label need to be considered\n* Have a history of breast augmentation procedures judged to have a clinical impact on breast milk expression such as breast reduction surgery and some breast implants, or current evidence of acute or chronic conditions affecting breasts and potentially interfering with breast milk collection\n* Have received any live vaccine (that is, live attenuated) within less than 4 weeks or inactivated vaccine within less than 2 weeks before enrollment or intend to receive a live vaccine during the study or an inactivated vaccine 2 weeks postdose, the mother participant must be given the vaccine at an injection site remote from mirikizumab administration","FEMALE","3 Weeks",{"count":19,"type":20},14,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[23],"PHASE4","The main purpose of this study is to assess the amount of mirikizumab in breast milk in women who are breastfeeding who are receiving stable maintenance doses of mirikizumab for an approved indication.\n\nParticipation in this study could last up to 94 days, including screening and follow-up period.",[26,27],"Lactation","Inflammatory Bowel Disease","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-11",{"date":31,"type":32},"2026-06-15","ACTUAL",{"date":34,"type":20},"2026-06",{"date":36,"type":20},"2028-09",{"name":38,"class":39},"Eli Lilly and Company","INDUSTRY",22,{"id":42,"slug":43,"hasResults":11,"nctId":44,"briefTitle":45,"officialTitle":46,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":47,"healthyVolunteers":48,"sex":16,"minAge":49,"maxAge":50,"enrollmentInfo":51,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":53,"briefSummary":55,"conditions":56,"keywords":59,"overallStatus":65,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":66,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":67,"startDateStruct":69,"completionDateStruct":71,"leadSponsor":73,"locationsCount":76},"100624539","postpartum-acupressure-education-and-breastfeeding-outcomes-100624539","NCT07410949","Postpartum Acupressure Education and Breastfeeding Outcomes","Effect of Postpartum Acupressure Education on Breastfeeding Outcomes: A 12-Month Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18 to 45 years\n* Term singleton birth (≥37 weeks of gestation)\n* ≤48 hours postpartum at the time of enrollment\n* Intention to breastfeed\n* Ability to communicate in Turkish\n* Access to a smartphone for educational materials and follow-up reminders\n* Willingness to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Contraindications to breastfeeding (e.g., infant galactosemia)\n* Severe neonatal condition preventing breastfeeding\n* Severe maternal medical or psychiatric condition interfering with breastfeeding\n* Current opioid, alcohol, or substance dependence\n* Multiple gestation pregnancy\n* Severe breast injury or condition within the first 72 hours postpartum preventing breastfeeding",true,"18 Years","45 Years",{"count":52,"type":20},360,[54],"NA","This randomized controlled trial evaluates whether acupressure education provided to mothers within the first 48 hours postpartum improves exclusive breastfeeding rates at 6 months compared with standard postpartum care alone. Mothers in the intervention group will receive structured education on self-administered acupressure at selected points and will be encouraged to continue home-based practice, while the control group will receive standard breastfeeding support. Participants will be followed for 12 months to assess breastfeeding continuation, breastfeeding self-efficacy, breastfeeding quality, and breastfeeding-related outcomes.",[57,26,58],"Breastfeeding","Postpartum Period",[60,61,62,63,64],"Acupressure","Postpartum","Exclusive breastfeeding","Breastfeeding continuation","Breastfeeding self-efficacy","RECRUITING","2026-05-30",{"date":68,"type":32},"2026-06-02",{"date":70,"type":32},"2026-04-25",{"date":72,"type":20},"2027-02-15",{"name":74,"class":75},"Nigde Omer Halisdemir University","OTHER",1,{"id":78,"slug":79,"hasResults":11,"nctId":80,"briefTitle":81,"officialTitle":81,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":82,"healthyVolunteers":48,"sex":16,"minAge":83,"maxAge":84,"enrollmentInfo":85,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":87,"briefSummary":88,"conditions":89,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":28,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":91,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":92,"startDateStruct":94,"completionDateStruct":96,"leadSponsor":98,"locationsCount":76},"100640598","reliance-moringa-in-lactation-and-early-childhood-100640598","NCT07605091","RELIANCE: Moringa in Lactation and Early Childhood","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Mothers: Inclusion criteria - \\>18 years of age, s\u002Fp delivery of a healthy infant, and planning breast feeding.\n* Infants: must be born at term (=37-42 weeks), singleton birth, breastfeeding, age 7-21 days at enrollment\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Mothers - women reporting regular consumption of moringa in the last month (\\>1 time weekly), unable to consume moringa or unable to complete study activities within the first two weeks.\n* Mothers - Women with a contraindication to Moringa use (blood thinners, levothyroxine, antihypertensive treatments, insulin dependency).\n* Infants - significant congenital disease, are unable to feed orally.","7 Days","99 Years",{"count":86,"type":20},100,[54],"This study will assess the impact of maternal moringa supplementation to mothers of breastfeeding infants on milk output, milk composition, exclusive breastfeeding duration, and maternal and child health. This will be accomplish by conducting a randomized, controlled dietary intervention study enrolling breastfeeding mothers and their newborn infants. Mothers will be randomized to receive either 10g dried moringa leaf powder in carrier vs. carrier alone, consumed daily for four months, with follow-up for 2 years.\n\nWomen must be \\>18 years of age, ≤ 30 days postpartum and exclusively breastfeeding at the time of enrollment. Infants must be at least 37 weeks of gestational age, be healthy and are able to feed orally and consume human milk.\n\nAfter randomization and enrollment, breast milk samples will be obtained at baseline, 2, 4, and 6 months. Serum from mothers will be collected at recruitment, 2, 6,and 9 months; infant serum will be collected by capillary sample at recruitment and approximately at 4, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Infant hemoglobin and infant feeding weights (test weights) will be collected on sequential days at recruitment, 4, and 6 months.\n\n24-hour dietary recall: the foods and drinks consumed by mothers in the 24 hours prior to each milk sample.\n\nOther assessments will include perceptions of breastfeeding, assess complementary feeding practices. Review will be conducted of maternal and infant infections, diagnoses, and hospitalizations at the time of visit or since the last visit.",[90,26],"Breast Feeding","2026-05-19",{"date":93,"type":32},"2026-05-22",{"date":95,"type":20},"2026-11",{"date":97,"type":20},"2030-06",{"name":99,"class":75},"Philip Kern",{"id":101,"slug":102,"hasResults":11,"nctId":103,"briefTitle":104,"officialTitle":104,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":105,"healthyVolunteers":48,"sex":16,"minAge":49,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":106,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":108,"phases":4,"briefSummary":109,"conditions":110,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":65,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":114,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":115,"startDateStruct":117,"completionDateStruct":119,"leadSponsor":121,"locationsCount":76},"100624711","relationship-between-the-severity-of-sleep-deprivation-in-the-first-48-hours-postpartum-breastfeeding-motivation-and-breastfeeding-success-100624711","NCT07413185","Relationship Between the Severity of Sleep Deprivation in the First 48 Hours Postpartum, Breastfeeding Motivation, and Breastfeeding Success","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Primiparous or multiparous women aged 18 years and older\n* Having a healthy term delivery\n* Infant not admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)\n* Initiated breastfeeding within the first 48 hours postpartum\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Complications requiring sedation\n* Severe postpartum hemorrhage\n* Severe postoperative pain or need for narcotic analgesics",{"count":107,"type":20},167,"OBSERVATIONAL","The postpartum period is a critical time marked by significant physiological and psychosocial changes that can affect sleep, emotional well-being, and breastfeeding behaviors. Previous studies indicate that mode of delivery and sleep quality are closely associated with breastfeeding outcomes, with cesarean birth often linked to poorer sleep and lower breastfeeding success. Evidence also suggests that postpartum sleep disturbances are related to reduced breastfeeding self-efficacy, lower motivation, fatigue, depressive symptoms, and shorter breastfeeding duration.\n\nHowever, the literature lacks studies that evaluate insomnia severity, breastfeeding motivation, and breastfeeding success simultaneously-particularly during the first 48 hours after birth. This analytical study aims to assess insomnia severity, breastfeeding motivation, and breastfeeding success (LATCH) within the first 48 postpartum hours and to examine the relationships among these variables. Findings are expected to support early postpartum clinical interventions to improve maternal and infant health outcomes.",[58,111,57,112,113,26],"Sleep","Motivation","Cesarean Section","2026-03-23",{"date":116,"type":32},"2026-03-24",{"date":118,"type":32},"2026-03-12",{"date":120,"type":20},"2027-02-23",{"name":122,"class":75},"Acibadem University",{"id":124,"slug":125,"hasResults":11,"nctId":126,"briefTitle":127,"officialTitle":128,"acronym":129,"eligibilityCriteria":130,"healthyVolunteers":48,"sex":16,"minAge":49,"maxAge":50,"enrollmentInfo":131,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":133,"briefSummary":134,"conditions":135,"keywords":141,"overallStatus":65,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":143,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":144,"startDateStruct":145,"completionDateStruct":147,"leadSponsor":149,"locationsCount":151},"100628903","postnatal-exercise-to-activate-babys-brown-fat-100628903","NCT07467694","Postnatal Exercise to Activate Baby's Brown Fat","Impact of Acute Exercise and Habitual Physical Activity on Human Milk Composition and Childhood Obesity Risk","PEABaBy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* 18-45 y of age at the time of enrollment\n* Pre-gravid or first trimester BMI 18.5 -40 kg\u002Fm2\n* Uncomplicated singleton pregnancy\n* Intention to exclusively breastfeed for \\>3 months and, if parity \\>1, that they successfully breastfed a previous pregnancy\n* Term pregnancy (gestational age 37 to \\\u003C42 weeks)\n* Infant with birth weight \\>10th percentile of weight for gestational age\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Any obstetric contra-indication to exercise at 1 month\n* Diagnosis of uncontrolled (HbA1c \\>7%) type 1 or type 2 diabetes, or gestational diabetes managed with insulin\n* Intrauterine growth restriction\n* Pre-eclampsia or other pregnancy complications\n* Alcohol, cannabis or tobacco use\n* Known congenital metabolic, endocrine disease, or congenital illness affecting infant feeding\u002Fgrowth\n* Major fetal anomalies\n* Musculoskeletal issues that would make exercise difficult",{"count":132,"type":20},200,[54],"The purpose of this study is to learn how exercise and physical activity during pregnancy and after pregnancy may affect the composition of breastmilk. Certain changes in breast milk after exercise may have an impact on how infants use energy. Understanding this process may improve public health recommendations for exercise during and after pregnancy. This study can help investigators learn more about how maternal exercise patterns may affect body growth and obesity risk in infants who are breastfed. This research may help identify how different factors can influence healthy weight and early development in infants.",[136,137,138,26,57,139,140],"Childhood Obesity Prevention","Childhood Obesity","Physical Activity","Pregnancy","Exercise",[26,57,142,139,140],"Breast milk","2026-03-11",{"date":118,"type":32},{"date":146,"type":32},"2025-12-01",{"date":148,"type":20},"2030-07-01",{"name":150,"class":75},"Joslin Diabetes Center",2,{"id":153,"slug":154,"hasResults":11,"nctId":155,"briefTitle":156,"officialTitle":157,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":158,"healthyVolunteers":48,"sex":16,"minAge":159,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":160,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":162,"briefSummary":163,"conditions":164,"keywords":175,"overallStatus":65,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":184,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":185,"startDateStruct":187,"completionDateStruct":189,"leadSponsor":191,"locationsCount":76},"100619990","mindfulness-and-meditation-based-lactation-education-on-maternal-breastmilk-in-the-neonatal-icu-100619990","NCT07351799","Mindfulness and Meditation Based Lactation Education on Maternal Breastmilk in the Neonatal ICU","The Impact of Mindfulness and Meditation Based Lactation Education on Maternal Breastmilk in the Neonatal ICU: Intervention Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Maternal age \\> 20 years of age\n* Read, write and understand English\n* Infant NICU admit\n* Infant birthplace of Rochester, MN (Mayo Clinic)\n* Maternal adherence to pumping ≥ 8 times in 24 hours\n* Mother enrolled within 72 hours of birth\n* Gestational age of neonate at birth of \\\u003C 34 0\u002F7 weeks\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Maternal extensive existing mindfulness practice\n* Maternal breast\u002Fchest surgery\n* Maternal polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)\n* Maternal current illicit substance abuse\n* Diagnosis of maternal current severe mental health concerns\n* Maternal multiple gestation (twins or higher order) pregnancy and delivery","20 Years",{"count":161,"type":20},40,[54],"The purpose of this research is to investigate associations between mindfulness and meditation techniques and changes in maternal breastmilk in the mother pumping for her NICU infant.",[26,165,166,167,168,169,170,171,172,173,174],"Mindfulness","NICU","Breastmilk","Neonatal","Meditation","Pumping, Breast","Cortisol","Oxytocin","Anxiety","Depression",[176,177,166,178,168,179,180,181,182,183,174],"lactation","mindfulness","breastmilk","meditation","pumping, breast","cortisol","oxytocin","anxiety","2026-01-12",{"date":186,"type":32},"2026-01-20",{"date":188,"type":32},"2025-09-22",{"date":190,"type":20},"2026-11-02",{"name":192,"class":75},"Mayo Clinic",{"id":194,"slug":195,"hasResults":11,"nctId":196,"briefTitle":197,"officialTitle":198,"acronym":199,"eligibilityCriteria":200,"healthyVolunteers":48,"sex":16,"minAge":49,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":201,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":108,"phases":4,"briefSummary":203,"conditions":204,"keywords":208,"overallStatus":65,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":212,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":213,"startDateStruct":215,"completionDateStruct":217,"leadSponsor":219,"locationsCount":221},"100619599","medicines-in-breast-milk-and-estimated-infant-exposure-100619599","NCT07346716","Medicines in Breast Milk and Estimated Infant Exposure","Medication Concentrations in Human Milk (MedMilk) and Potential Adverse Effects in Breastfed Infants: an Exploratory Clinical Study","MedMilk","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Lactating women aged ≥18 years\n* Current use of one or more prescription or over-the-counter (classified within the ATC system) drugs\n* Able and willing to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Current pregnancy during sample collection\n* Known and clinically significant pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions at the time of sampling",{"count":202,"type":20},250,"The MedMilk (Medication concentrations in human Milk) study investigates how selected medicines taken by breastfeeding women are transferred into human milk and whether this may affect the breastfed child. The study includes breastfeeding women who are already using prescription or over-the-counter medicines as part of their usual care. Participants provide samples of breast milk and urine and complete a questionnaire about maternal and infant health. The collected data will be used to quantify medicine concentrations in milk and estimate the relative infant dose. The study aims to contribute new data to support safer prescribing and more informed counselling during breastfeeding",[57,205,26,206,207],"Medication Safety","Drug Exposure Via Breast Milk","Pharmacokinetic Parameters",[209,176,210,211],"breastfeeding","drug transfer into breast milk","medication safety","2026-01-07",{"date":214,"type":32},"2026-01-16",{"date":216,"type":32},"2024-12-20",{"date":218,"type":20},"2030-01",{"name":220,"class":75},"University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg",3,{"id":223,"slug":224,"hasResults":11,"nctId":225,"briefTitle":226,"officialTitle":227,"acronym":228,"eligibilityCriteria":229,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":49,"maxAge":230,"enrollmentInfo":231,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":233,"briefSummary":234,"conditions":235,"keywords":252,"overallStatus":28,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":259,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":260,"startDateStruct":262,"completionDateStruct":264,"leadSponsor":266,"locationsCount":76},"100598934","comparing-integrative-midwife-led-vs-fragmented-inpatient-postpartum-care-impact-on-satisfaction-and-transition-to-motherhood-100598934","NCT07077941","Comparing Integrative Midwife-led vs. Fragmented Inpatient Postpartum Care: Impact on Satisfaction and Transition to Motherhood","Supporting Mothers With Integrative Care by Midwives for Lifelong Empowerment (SMILE): A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Midwife-led Integrative and Fragmented Standard Inpatient Postpartum Care Models on Maternal Satisfaction and Transition to Motherhood","SMILE","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Women aged 18 to 50 years at the time of delivery\n* Classified as \"low-risk\" by the obstetric team in the delivery room\n* Gestational age at birth between 36+0 and 42+0 weeks\n* Singleton birth (only one child born)\n* Intent to breastfeed\n* Consent to participate in the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Women younger than 18 or older than 50 at the time of delivery\n* Classified as \"high-risk\" by the obstetric team\n* Multiple birth (e.g., twins, triplets)\n* No intention or ability to breastfeed the newborn","50 Years",{"count":232,"type":20},784,[54],"The goal of this clinical trial is to compare two different forms of postnatal care to find out which is most beneficial for mothers and their children after birth and with which they are most satisfied. One is a nurse-led, seperate model of care and the other is a midwife-led, integrative model of care. Participants are healthy women between the ages of 18 and 50. They gave birth between 36+0 and 42+0 weeks of pregnancy and had a child. The type of birth is not an inclusion or exclusion criteria. Our hypotheses are: i) that maternal satisfaction with care in a midwife-led, integrative care model is higher than in separate maternal and infant care; ii) that a positive postpartum experience leads to earlier and increased maternity competence; iii) that a higher breastfeeding rate at the time of the survey in the fourth month can be achieved through integrative care. Participants will be randomly assigned, after birth of their child, to either the group cared for by a nurse or the group cared for by a midwife.",[236,237,238,90,239,240,241,26,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251],"Maternal Health Services","Infant, Newborn","Postnatal Care","Maternal-Child Relations","Postpartum Depression (PPD)","Mental Health","Breast Feeding, Exclusive","Patient Satisfaction and Experience With Integrative Therapies","Neonatal Jaundice","Maternal Behavior","Body Weight Decreased","Breast Feeding of Healthy Full Term Infants","Lactation Mastitis","Lactation Disorder - Postpartum Condition or Complication","Lactation Disorder With Baby Delivered","Lactation; Insufficient, Partial",[253,254,255,256,257,209,258],"Postnatal care","inpatient","maternity competence","satisfaction","integrative care","maternal behavior","2025-07-12",{"date":261,"type":32},"2025-07-22",{"date":263,"type":20},"2025-10-01",{"date":265,"type":20},"2026-12-31",{"name":267,"class":75},"Medical University of Vienna",{"id":269,"slug":270,"hasResults":11,"nctId":271,"briefTitle":272,"officialTitle":272,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":273,"healthyVolunteers":48,"sex":16,"minAge":49,"maxAge":50,"enrollmentInfo":274,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":276,"briefSummary":277,"conditions":278,"keywords":279,"overallStatus":65,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":281,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":282,"startDateStruct":284,"completionDateStruct":286,"leadSponsor":288,"locationsCount":76},"100595760","the-impact-of-acute-exercise-in-the-heat-on-breast-milk-production-and-composition-in-lactating-women-100595760","NCT07036640","The Impact of Acute Exercise in the Heat on Breast Milk Production and Composition in Lactating Women","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Currently breastfeeding or pumping expressed breastmilk for their 6-week to 24-month infants\n* Aged 18-45 years old\n* Delivered their infants between 37-42 weeks of gestational age\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Obsterical complications during pregnancy\n* multiple gestation\n* Chronic disease (i.e., diabetes, hypertension, metabolic disease)\n* Heat illnness in the last 3 month",{"count":275,"type":20},10,[54],"This clinical trial aims to determine whether heat stress alters 24-hour breast milk production and composition following an acute bout of exercise in the heat among lactating women.\n\nThe main questions are:\n\n1. To ascertain whether heat stress alters 24-hour breast milk production following acute exercise in the heat among lactating women. We hypothesize that breast milk production will decrease to a greater extent following acute exercise in the heat compared to acute exercise with no heat stress. Lactating mothers will complete an acute exercise bout at 40% of their peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) for 60 mins in a hot (36 °C, 40% relative humidity) and thermoneutral environment (20 °C, 20% relative humidity). Participants will record their total breast milk production in a 24-hour period using an infant scale.\n2. to discover whether heat stress impacts the energy composition of breast milk following acute exercise in the heat among lactating women. We hypothesize that energy density will decrease to a greater extent following acute exercise in the heat compared to acute exercise with no heat stress. Participants will use a manual expression breast pump to collect 10 mL of breast milk from each breast immediately and 24 hours post-exercise. Energy density (lactose, protein, and lipid content) will be assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.\n\nParticipants will complete the following visits: 1) initial consent visit 2) baseline testing; 3) acute exercise in the hot condition (HOT; 36C, 40% relative humidity), and 4) acute exercise in the temperate, thermoneutral condition (TEMP; 20C, 20% relative humidity). The baseline testing day will measure participant anthropometrics including height, weight, and body composition measured by a DEXA scan. For both experimental trials, participants will be asked to walk on a treadmill at based on their metabolic heat production (8W\u002Fkg) for 60 minutes. Heart rate (HR), mean skin temperature (Tsk), core temperature (Tcore), sweat loss (SL), and fluid intake will be measured throughout the exercise protocol. Breast milk composition will be measured through milk expression using a manual expression breast pump immediately and 24 hours post-exercise. Participants will log their breast milk production for 24 hours following the exercise using an infant scale to measure their infants before and after each feed.",[26],[26,140,280],"Heat Stress","2025-06-16",{"date":283,"type":32},"2025-06-25",{"date":285,"type":20},"2025-07-10",{"date":287,"type":20},"2026-05-01",{"name":289,"class":75},"Providence College",{"id":291,"slug":292,"hasResults":11,"nctId":293,"briefTitle":294,"officialTitle":295,"acronym":296,"eligibilityCriteria":297,"healthyVolunteers":48,"sex":16,"minAge":49,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":298,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":300,"briefSummary":301,"conditions":302,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":28,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":306,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":307,"startDateStruct":309,"completionDateStruct":311,"leadSponsor":313,"locationsCount":4},"100582460","breastfeeding-advices-on-otc-medicines-with-the-internet-what-is-the-best-medium-100582460","NCT06863597","Breastfeeding Advices on OTC Medicines With the Internet: What is the Best Medium","A Multi-Center Randomized, Parallel-Group Study to Compare Knowledge Translation Between Different Media in Pregnant and Lactating Women","LACT-ED","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Target population is adult (\\>18 years), 3rd trimester pregnant women; and breastfeeding women after childbirth (max. 7 days postpartum; 24:00), who intend to breastfeed.\n* Participants have to have internet access with no regard to the type of internet connection.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* A mother will not breastfeed, either because they cannot or do not want it.\n* Anyone who do not want to participate in the study.",{"count":299,"type":20},380,[54],"Pharmacotherapy for lactating women in Hungary presents a unique challenge. While certain medications may pose risks to the infant or reduce breast milk production, the unnecessary avoidance of treatment can also be harmful. Despite this, no dedicated Hungarian website currently provides guidance on the safe use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications for breastfeeding mothers.\n\nTo address this gap, the aim is to develop a website that not only meets clinical standards but also presents essential information in a clear, accessible format that helps mothers understand and retain key details by choosing the best medium.\n\nOur main question is: What is the most effective way to educate lactating women about OTC medication use through an online platform?",[303,304,305,26,57],"Breastfeeding Education","Lactating Mother","Breastfeeding Mothers","2025-03-07",{"date":308,"type":32},"2025-03-11",{"date":310,"type":20},"2025-08",{"date":312,"type":20},"2027-04",{"name":314,"class":75},"Semmelweis University",{"id":316,"slug":317,"hasResults":11,"nctId":318,"briefTitle":319,"officialTitle":320,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":321,"healthyVolunteers":48,"sex":322,"minAge":323,"maxAge":230,"enrollmentInfo":324,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":326,"briefSummary":327,"conditions":328,"keywords":333,"overallStatus":65,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":347,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":348,"startDateStruct":350,"completionDateStruct":352,"leadSponsor":354,"locationsCount":76},"100520439","phase-4-drug-excretion-in-breast-milk-100520439","NCT06056583","Drug Excretion in Breast Milk","Postpartum Activity and Expression of BCRP and OCT1 Drug Transporters in the Mammary Gland","Inclusion criteria\n\n1. Healthy postpartum women\n2. 18-50 years of age and their infants\n3. Able to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion criteria\n\n1. Receiving cimetidine within the 3 days prior to each study day. Concomitant administration of cimetidine will confound interpretation of study results.\n2. Hypersensitivity to cimetidine Patients with known allergic reactions to cimetidine will be excluded for safety reasons\n3. Receiving medication known to interact with cimetidine: OCT, BCRP, CYP3A4, CYP2D6, CYP1A2 and CYP2C9 substrates (e.g. amiodarone, clopidogrel, diazepam, ketoconazole, metformin, nifedipine, phenytoin, procainamide, theophylline,tricyclic antidepressants and warfarin) Patients with drug interactions will be excluded for safety reasons.\n4. Receiving BCRP inhibitors\u002Finducers (afatinib, aripipraxole, axitinib, cimetidine, cyclosporine, curcumin\u002Ftumeric, delavirdine, efavirenz, elacridar, elvitegravir, etravirine, FTC, 5-fluorouracil, fluvastatin, imatinib, lanzoprazole, lapatinib, lopinavir, maraviroc, nelfinavir, nebicapone, nilotinib, novobiocin, oltipraz, omeprazole, pantoprazole, phenobarbital, promazine, rabeprazole, riboflavin, rifampicin, risperidone, saquinavir, sirolimus, sorafenib, sulfasalazine, sunitinib, tacrolimus, tariquidar, telaprevir, telatinib, teriflunomide, tolcapone, triflunomide, trametinib, trifluoperazine, venlafaxine, zidonuvir), OCT1 inhibitors\u002Finducers (acyclovir, amantadine, amiloride, amitriptyline, bucindolol, carvedilol, chlorpheniramine, chlorpromazine, cimetidine, citalopram, clonidine, clopidogrel, clotrimazole, clozapine, cocaine, corticosterone, cyclosporine, daclatasvir, darunavir, desipramine, dextromethorphan, diltiazem, disopyramide, dronedarone, efavirenz, famotidine, fentanyl, fluvoxamine, formoterol, fuloxetine, griseofulvin, doxazosine, ganciclovir, guanfacine, imipramine, indinavir, isavuconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lamotrigine, lasmiditan, levofloxacin, levomepromazine, lidocaine, maprotiline, methylnicotinamide, morphine, moxifloxacin, nefazodone, nelfinavir, nevirapine, nicotine, nomifensine, ondansetron, oxybutynin, paroxetine, pentamidine, phenoxybenzamine, prazosin, probenecid, procainamide, propafenone, pyrazinamide, quetiapine,quinidine, quinine, reboxetine, remoxidpride, reseripine, rifampicin, ritonavir, salmeterol, saquinavir, tramadol, trimethoprim, trimipramine, verapamil) Inhibitors and inducers of the drug transporters will confound data analysis and interpretation.\n5. Kidney disease could confound data analysis and interpretation. Therefore, patients with known kidney disease with documented renal function impairment will be excluded from the study. Current serum creatinine \\> 1.2 mg\u002FdL in their medical record will be excluded.\n6. Known liver disease Liver disease will confound data analysis and interpretation. Therefore, patients with known significant liver disease will be excluded from the study. Current ALT exceeding 2-times the upper limit of normal in their medical record will be excluded.\n7. Inability to fast for 4 hours prior to the study. To limit PK variability across study days, subjects will be requested to fast for 4 hours prior to each study day.\n8. Smokers (tobacco or other nicotine containing products Nicotine interacts with OCT1 and will confound data analysis and interpretation","ALL","14 Days",{"count":325,"type":20},50,[23],"This is a prospective, non-randomized, phase I study design evaluating the in vivo activities and expression of OCT1 and BCRP in mammary gland of lactating women at three time points postpartum.",[61,26,329,330,331,332],"Drugs in Breast Milk","Mammary Drug Transporters","BCRP","OCT1",[334,176,335,336,332,331,337,338,339,340,341,342,343,344,345,346],"breast milk","cimetidine","proteomics","OCTN2","PEPT2","ENT1","CNT3","MRP1","OATP2B1","OATP3A1","OCT2","postpartum","pharmacokinetics","2024-08-02",{"date":349,"type":32},"2024-08-06",{"date":351,"type":32},"2023-12-04",{"date":353,"type":20},"2028-09-30",{"name":355,"class":75},"University of Washington",{"id":357,"slug":358,"hasResults":11,"nctId":359,"briefTitle":360,"officialTitle":361,"acronym":362,"eligibilityCriteria":363,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":49,"maxAge":50,"enrollmentInfo":364,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":108,"phases":4,"briefSummary":365,"conditions":366,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":65,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":370,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":371,"startDateStruct":373,"completionDateStruct":374,"leadSponsor":376,"locationsCount":76},"100514059","iron-absorption-and-requirements-in-pregnancy-and-lactation-100514059","NCT05973552","Iron Absorption and Requirements in Pregnancy and Lactation","Assessment of Iron Absorption and Requirements During Pregnancy and Lactation in Kenyan Women","PILLAR_II","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Providing consent to the informed consent form\n* Participation in a previous stable isotope absorption study and having received an oral dose of 15 mg 57Fe at least 12 months prior to the date of inclusion in the study\n* Positive pregnancy test and gestational age \\\u003C10 weeks based on history of last menstrual period\n* Permanent residence in the study area, and not expected to leave the study site for more than 4 weeks over the following 16 months\n* Assessment of good health by professional staff at Msambweni Hospital\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pre-pregnancy body mass index \\>30 kg\u002Fm2\n* Blood transfusion or intravenous iron treatment within 4 months of study start\n* Major chronic infectious disease (e.g., tuberculosis, HIV+, hepatitis)\n* Major chronic non-infectious disease (e.g., Type 1 or 2 diabetes, cancer)",{"count":202,"type":20},"Iron requirements increase significantly during pregnancy. Current recommendations for iron intake in pregnant and lactating women (PLW) are mainly based on factorial estimates and extrapolated from non-PLW. High-quality quantitative data on iron requirements in PLW are lacking, particularly in Sub- Saharan Africa where anaemia and infections are common.\n\nThe primary objective of this study is to use the stable iron isotope technique to determine iron requirements and assess iron absorption and losses in PLW living in Kenya.\n\nIn this prospective observational study, we will enrol pregnant women in the first trimester (n = 250) from a previous study cohort (n=1000) who participated in an iron absorption study at least 12 months ago and received the stable iron (Fe) isotope 57Fe. This 57Fe has now distributed and equilibrated throughout the women's body iron. Once enrolled in the present study, following Kenyan guidelines, women will receive standard prenatal care, including routine daily iron and folate supplementation. We will collect venous blood samples in each trimester and at delivery, and during the first 6 months of lactation in the mothers and infants (heel prick samples). To directly assess dietary iron absorption, in a randomly selected subset of women (n=35), oral and intravenous stable iron isotope tracers (54Fe, 58Fe) will be administered in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters.",[367,139,26,368,369],"Iron Requirements","Infancy","Iron Absorption","2023-07-31",{"date":372,"type":32},"2023-08-03",{"date":370,"type":20},{"date":375,"type":20},"2026-09-01",{"name":377,"class":75},"University of Oxford"]