[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"liver-neoplasms\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:liver-neoplasms":27},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,24,0,[8,46,84,115,144,169,195,224,251,270,313,345,378,434,455,479,508,526,557,578,611,647,672,696],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":15,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":19,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":23,"briefSummary":25,"conditions":26,"keywords":30,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":34,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":35,"startDateStruct":38,"completionDateStruct":40,"leadSponsor":42,"locationsCount":45},"100643118","erector-spinae-plane-block-versus-thoracic-epidural-analgesia-for-open-liver-resection-100643118",false,"NCT07642336","Erector Spinae Plane Block Versus Thoracic Epidural Analgesia for Open Liver Resection","Comparison of Postoperative Analgesic Efficacy Between Erector Spinae Plane Block and Thoracic Epidural Analgesia in Open Hepatectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* \\* Patients aged between 18 and 80 years old.\n\n  * American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification I to III.\n  * Scheduled to undergo elective open liver resection (open hepatectomy).\n  * Patient provides written informed consent to participate in the study.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Severe coagulation profile derangement prior to surgery (defined as International Normalized Ratio \\[INR\\] \\> 1.5 or 2.0, or Platelet count \\[PLT\\] \\\u003C 50 G\u002FL or 100 G\u002FL).\n\n  * Severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C).\n  * Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD GOLD stage III-IV).\n  * Severe cardiac dysfunction with an ejection fraction (EF) \\\u003C 35%.\n  * Severe obesity with a Body Mass Index (BMI) \\> 40 kg\u002Fm².\n  * Localized infection at the planned puncture\u002Fneedle insertion site.\n  * Known allergy or hypersensitivity to local anesthetics (e.g., Ropivacaine) or opioids (e.g., Morphine).\n  * Pregnancy or current lactation.","ALL","18 Years","80 Years",{"count":20,"type":21},60,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[24],"NA","Background: Open liver resection is associated with severe postoperative pain. While thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is considered the gold standard for pain control, its clinical application is often limited by postoperative coagulation profile derangement, which increases the risk of epidural hematoma. Continuous erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has emerged as a promising, safer alternative with a lower risk of bleeding complications. Objective: This study aims to compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy, safety profiles, and impacts on respiratory function between ultrasound-guided continuous ESPB and TEA in patients undergoing elective open liver resection. Hypothesis: The investigators hypothesize that continuous ESPB using a programmed intermittent bolus (PIB) regimen is non-inferior to TEA regarding 72-hour postoperative pain scores at rest, while offering superior hemodynamic stability and fewer technique-related risks.",[27,28,29],"Liver Neoplasms","Hepatic Resection","Liver Cancer",[31,32,28],"Postoperative Pain","Acute Pain","RECRUITING","2026-06-23",{"date":36,"type":37},"2026-06-25","ACTUAL",{"date":39,"type":37},"2026-06-15",{"date":41,"type":21},"2026-08-20",{"name":43,"class":44},"Nguyen Toan Thang","OTHER",1,{"id":47,"slug":48,"hasResults":11,"nctId":49,"briefTitle":50,"officialTitle":51,"acronym":52,"eligibilityCriteria":53,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":54,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":56,"briefSummary":57,"conditions":58,"keywords":59,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":74,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":75,"startDateStruct":76,"completionDateStruct":78,"leadSponsor":80,"locationsCount":83},"100621966","therasphere-japan-pre-market-study-100621966","NCT07377487","TheraSphere Japan Pre-Market Study","A Prospective Single-arm Study of BSJ019T in Japanese Patients With Unresectable Hepatic Malignancy Who Have Failed or Are Not Eligible for Standard Treatment","INDIGO","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n\\[Inclusion criteria based on the clinical evaluation\\]\n\n1. Patient aged \\>18 years at time of consent\n2. Patient is able and willing to participate in the study and has provided written informed consent\n3. Patient who is determined to have failed or not be eligible for standard treatment by the multidisciplinary board\n4. Primary or secondary liver cancer (by histology or imaging)\n5. Measurable disease defined as at least one uni-dimensional measurable liver lesion by CT\u002FMRI (according to RECIST 1.1)\n6. Liver dominant disease (patient prognosis is driven by liver tumor)\n7. Tumor replacement \\\u003C50% of total liver volume based on visual estimation by the investigator\n8. Expected life expectancy ≥ 3 months or more from the index procedure\n9. ECOG Performance Status score of 0 or 1\n10. Negative pregnancy test in women of child-bearing potential\n11. Adequate contraception for the patient and his\u002Fher sexual partner when applicable.\n12. Adequate liver function, as defined by:\n\n    * Child Pugh A or to B7 (HCC)\n    * Must have bilirubin ≤ 2 mg\u002FdL\n    * ALT and AST must be \\\u003C5 x ULN\n    * Albumin ≥3.0 g\u002FdL\n13. Adequate renal function, as defined by:\n\n    • Serum creatinine must be ≤1.5 x ULN\n14. Adequate hematological function, as defined by:\n\n    * Neutrophil count \\> 1200 \u002Fmm3\n    * hemoglobin ≥85 mg\u002FL\n    * platelet count \\>50 x 109\u002FL\n    * INR must be \\\u003C2.0 or \\>50% prothrombin activity\n\n    \\[Inclusion Criteria based on the imaging evaluation\\]\n15. After 99mTc MAA administration, in SPECT\u002FCT imaging, good PVT targeting and uptake of 99mTc MAA, if present\n16. Future liver remnant volume (FLRV) \\>30% of whole liver volume. FRLV is the volume of liver not planned to be treated with TheraSphere and free of tumor\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n\\[Exclusion Criteria based on the clinical evaluation\\]\n\n1. Vp4 according to the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan (LCSGJ) portal vein tumor thrombosis classification1\n2. History of severe allergy or intolerance to contrast agents, narcotics sedatives or atropine that cannot be managed medically.\n3. Contraindications to angiography and selective visceral catheterization\n4. Received any prior external beam radiation treatment to the liver\n5. Received any prior yttrium-90 microsphere treatment to the liver\n6. Received previous peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT)\n7. Plan to start systemic anticancer treatment in the next 3 month after the index procedure.\n8. Presence of ongoing adverse event due to prior therapy as judged by the principal investigator or sub-investigator to affect the safety evaluation of the study device.\n9. Evidence of pulmonary insufficiency or clinically evident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease\n10. Undergone any intervention for, or compromise of, the Ampulla of Vater within that last 3 months or patient with biliodigestive anastomosis.\n11. Presence of ascites, clinical or radiological, \"trace\" of ascites is acceptable.\n12. Presence of Hepatic encephalopathy (Grade ≥2)\n13. Previous liver function decompensation within the last 6 months (ascites, encephalopathy, jaundice)\n14. Patient with infiltrative disease presentation (not suitable for repeated measurement)\n15. Patients who are pregnant or breast-feeding and does not want to stop.\n16. Have any disease or condition that would preclude the safe use of BSJ019T, including concurrent dialysis treatment, or unresolved serious infections\n17. Participating in concurrent clinical studies or interventional clinical studies\n18. Any condition where the Investigator feels the patient would not be able to participate\u002Ffinish the study\n19. Previous gastrointestinal bleeding related to portal hypertension within the last 3 months (preventive treatment is acceptable)\n\n    \\[Exclusion Criteria based on the imaging evaluation\\]\n20. Dose to the lung \\> 30Gy for a single treatment or cumulative \\>50 Gy\n21. Evidence of any off-target extrahepatic and liver deposition on 99mTc-MAA that cannot be corrected using angiographic techniques\n22. Cone Beam CT (CBCT) or 99mTc-MAA hepatic arterial perfusion scintigraphy shows poor tumor perfusion and\u002For poor tumor targeting that would lead to a dose that does not meet the liver dosing criteria as specify in the protocol",{"count":55,"type":21},51,[24],"To investigate the safety and effectiveness of BSJ019T in Japanese patients with primary or secondary liver who are not candidate for standard treatment.",[27],[60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73],"Carcinoma","Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","Neoplasms","Digestive System Neoplasms","Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial","Neoplasms by Histologic Type","Neoplasms by Site","Digestive System Diseases","Liver Diseases","Neoplasm Metastasis","Colorectal Neoplasms","Colonic Diseases","Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine","Neuroendocrine Tumors","2026-06-21",{"date":34,"type":37},{"date":77,"type":37},"2026-01-22",{"date":79,"type":21},"2027-12-31",{"name":81,"class":82},"Boston Scientific Corporation","INDUSTRY",4,{"id":85,"slug":86,"hasResults":11,"nctId":87,"briefTitle":88,"officialTitle":89,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":90,"healthyVolunteers":91,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":92,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":94,"briefSummary":96,"conditions":97,"keywords":100,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":106,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":107,"startDateStruct":109,"completionDateStruct":111,"leadSponsor":113,"locationsCount":45},"100610248","phase-2-translation-of-acoustic-angiography-contrast-enhanced-super-resolution-cesr-imaging-100610248","NCT07225114","Translation of Acoustic Angiography: Contrast Enhanced Super Resolution (CESR) Imaging","Academic-Industrial Partnership for Translation of Acoustic Angiography: Contrast Enhanced Super Resolution (CESR) Imaging","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults ≥18 years old\n* Patient had a diagnostic ultrasound study performed at University of North Carolina\n* Scheduled for a biopsy\n* Lesion visualized on ultrasound\n* Able to provide informed consent\n* Negative urine pregnancy test in women of child-bearing potential\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Institutionalized subject (prisoner or nursing home patient)\n* Critically ill or medically unstable and whose critical course during the observation period would be unpredictable (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)\n* Known hypersensitivity to sulfur hexafluoride or to any component of perflutren lipid (Definity®)\n* Active cardiac disease including any of the following\n* Severe congestive heart failure (class IV in accordance with the classification of the New York Heart Association)\n* Unstable angina.\n* Severe arrhythmia (i.e., ventricular tachycardia, flutter fibrillation; ventricular premature complexes occurring close to the preceding T-wave, multifocal complexes).\n* Myocardial infarction within 14 days prior to the date of proposed Definity® administration.\n* Pulmonary hypertension\n* Cardiac shunts",true,{"count":93,"type":21},40,[95],"PHASE2","This is a 4-arm, single-center study involving 40 participants. Ten healthy volunteers will be enrolled for system imaging optimization, and thirty (30) patients with previously identified lesions in the breast, liver, or kidney-based on prior ultrasound or cross-sectional imaging-will be imaged. Recruitment will be conducted such that ten patients are included from each anatomic region.\n\nThe fourth arm will consist of 10 healthy volunteers who will be imaged to allow optimization of imaging parameters. Optimization is is required again due to the use of a different ultrasound system employing a new imaging technique. Parameters such as frame rate, power, depth of imaging, and linear translation rate will be adjusted during this process.\n\nThe primary objectives of the study are to assess the sensitivity and specificity of Contrast Enhanced Super-Resolution (CESR) imaging in evaluating known lesions in the breast, liver, and kidney. These results will be compared with pathological findings. The secondary objectives are to compare the sensitivity and specificity of CESR imaging with those of traditional B-mode ultrasound in differentiating malignant from benign lesions in these same organs.",[98,99,27],"Breast Cancer","Kidney Neoplasms",[101,102,103,104,105],"Definity®","perflutren lipid","healthy volunteers","ultrasound","cross-sectional imaging","2026-06-04",{"date":108,"type":37},"2026-06-08",{"date":110,"type":37},"2025-11-04",{"date":112,"type":21},"2028-12",{"name":114,"class":44},"UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center",{"id":116,"slug":117,"hasResults":11,"nctId":118,"briefTitle":119,"officialTitle":120,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":121,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":122,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":124,"briefSummary":126,"conditions":127,"keywords":133,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":135,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":136,"startDateStruct":137,"completionDateStruct":139,"leadSponsor":141,"locationsCount":143},"100610394","phase-1-symbiotic-gi-13-a-study-to-learn-about-study-medicine-called-pf-08634404-as-a-single-treatment-and-combination-treatment-in-adult-participants-with-a-liver-cancer-called-hepatocellular-carcinoma-that-is-too-advanced-to-be-removed-by-surgery-and-may-have-spread-to-other-parts-of-the-body-100610394","NCT07227012","Symbiotic-GI-13: A Study to Learn About Study Medicine Called PF-08634404 as a Single Treatment and Combination Treatment in Adult Participants With a Liver Cancer Called Hepatocellular Carcinoma, That is Too Advanced to be Removed by Surgery and May Have Spread to Other Parts of the Body.","AN INTERVENTIONAL OPEN-LABEL PHASE 1B\u002F2 STUDY TO EVALUATE SAFETY, PHARMACOKINETICS, AND PRELIMINARY EFFICACY OF PF-08634404 AS MONOTHERAPY AND COMBINATION THERAPY IN ADULT PARTICIPANTS WITH UNRESECTABLE LOCALLY ADVANCED OR METASTATIC HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* 18 years of age or older at screening.\n* Locally advanced or metastatic HCC with diagnosis confirmed by histology\u002Fcytology or clinically by AASLD criteria (for patients with cirrhosis). Participants without cirrhosis require histological confirmation of diagnosis.\n* Disease that is not amenable to curative surgical and\u002For locoregional therapies, or progressive disease after surgical and\u002For locoregional therapies.\n* At least 1 measurable (as defined by RECIST 1.1 per investigator) and untreated lesion.\n* Adequate hepatic, liver, and renal function\n* No prior systemic therapy for HCC.\n* ECOG performance status 0 or 1\n* Child-Pugh Class A\n\nKey Exclusion Criteria:\n\n* Moderate or severe ascites.\n* History of hepatic encephalopathy.\n* Participants with known active CNS lesions, including leptomeningeal metastasis, brainstem, meningeal, or spinal cord metastases or compression.\n* Clinically significant risk of hemorrhage or fistula.\n* Participants with any history of another malignancy within 3 years.\n* History of allogeneic organ transplantation and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.\n* Participants with active autoimmune diseases requiring systemic treatment within the past 2 years.\n* Clinically significant cardiovascular disease within 6 months prior to the first dose.\n* Major surgery or severe trauma within 4 weeks prior to the first dose or planned major surgery during the study.\n* History of severe bleeding tendency or coagulation dysfunction.\n* History of severe ulcers, unhealed wounds, gastrointestinal perforation, abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal obstruction, intra-abdominal abscess, or acute gastrointestinal bleeding, including bleeding event due to esophageal and\u002For gastric varices, within 6 months prior to the first dose.\n* Participants with acute, chronic or symptomatic infections.\n* Participants with history of immunodeficiency.",{"count":123,"type":21},138,[125,95],"PHASE1","The purpose of this study is to learn about the effects of study medicine (PF-08634404) when given alone or with another antibody (ipilimumab) for the treatment of a type of liver cancer called hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that is either locally advanced (spread to nearby tissues) or has spread to other parts of the body.\n\nTo join the study, participants must meet the following conditions:\n\n* Be 18 years or older.\n* Have locally advanced or metastatic HCC.\n* Is not a candidate for complete surgical or loco-regional therapies.\n* Have not received any whole-body treatment for HCC.\n\nParticipants will receive PF-08634404 either alone or in combination with ipilimumab. The medicine will be given through intravenous (IV) infusions, which means it will be administered directly into a vein. All treatments will take place at clinical trial sites, where trained medical staff will monitor participants during and after each visit.",[61,128,129,130,27,131,132],"Hepatocellular Cancer","Hepatocellular Carcinoma","Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma","Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma","Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma",[129,134,27],"Liver cancer","2026-06-03",{"date":106,"type":37},{"date":138,"type":37},"2025-12-01",{"date":140,"type":21},"2028-10-17",{"name":142,"class":82},"Pfizer",35,{"id":145,"slug":146,"hasResults":11,"nctId":147,"briefTitle":148,"officialTitle":149,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":150,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":151,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":153,"briefSummary":154,"conditions":155,"keywords":156,"overallStatus":160,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":161,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":162,"startDateStruct":164,"completionDateStruct":165,"leadSponsor":167,"locationsCount":4},"100637438","feasibility-and-safety-of-augmented-reality-ar-in-liver-tumor-surgery-100637438","NCT07630610","Feasibility and Safety of Augmented Reality (AR) in Liver Tumor Surgery","Feasibility and Safety of Augmented Reality (AR) Assistance System in Liver Tumor Surgery - a Single-center, Exploratory, Pilot Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Subject scheduled for liver tumor resection of one or more tumors. One tumor per surgery is always chosen as the study tumor and will be removed first.\n2. The tumor must be susceptible to uncomplicated wedge resection within one to two segments.\n3. The tumor has been diagnosed as malignant or is suspected to be malignant based on imaging or clinical assessment.\n4. The tumor's size should not exceed 50 mm in any orientation.\n5. Subject 18 years or older.\n6. Subject is able to read and understand the Patient information which is written in Swedish.\n7. Subject has given consent to study participation.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Unresectable tumors.\n2. Not uncomplicated resection (e.g. central resection, re-resection, or large resection, defined as resection of more than two segments).\n3. Subject is not suitable for MIS, as judged by the principal investigator.\n4. Subject with reduced kidney function.\n5. Subject with known hypersensitivity to contrast agents.\n6. Subject considered unable to comply with hospital's instructions, at the discretion of the principal investigator.\n7. Subject is not suitable for inclusion in the opinion of the investigator.\n8. Pregnant women.",{"count":152,"type":21},6,[24],"The purpose of the trial is to evaluate a computer-based Augmented Reality System intended to help surgeons perform keyhole surgery (laparoscopy) for the removal of liver tumors more efficiently and with greater patient safety.\n\nIn keyhole surgery, the operation is performed using a small camera that is inserted into the abdominal cavity of the patient through surgical trocars placed through small incisions in the skin. The surgeon then performs the operation by guidance from the view from the camera, which shows the surgical area, i.e. the liver and the inside of the abdomen, on a screen in front of them.\n\nThe clinical trial will evaluate a computer-based system that uses a technology known as augmented reality, or AR. In simple terms, this is a technology that superimposes a computer-generated image on a user's view of the real world, thus providing a composite view. In this case, a computer program will integrate an image showing the tumor's appearance and position inside the liver into the live video feed from the camera, which is then displayed on the existing TV screen, connected to the keyhole camera.\n\nPut simply, the AR-projection will appear as an illustrated overlay on the surface of the liver, showing the appearance and position of the tumor throughout the procedure. This may give the surgeon and operating room staff a better understanding of the tumor's location, helping them perform the procedure more safely, accurately and efficiently.\n\nTo help the computer-based system with positioning of the illustrated overlay correctly on the liver, a small self-adhesive plastic marker, measuring 11x11 mm, will be placed on the surface of the liver while the operation is being carried out. The marker is inserted through the surgical trocars already placed in the abdominal cavity and will be removed from the body before the operation is completed.\n\nThe purpose of the clinical trial is to assess whether this new technology can help achieve greater accuracy, increased patient safety and a more efficient surgical workflow when tumors in the liver are removed using keyhole surgery. A total of 6 participants will be included in the trial.\n\nThe clinical trial has been approved by the Swedish Medical Products Agency following an opinion from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority.",[27],[157,158,159],"Liver tumor resection","Augmented reality","Minimally invasive surgery","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-01",{"date":163,"type":37},"2026-06-05",{"date":161,"type":21},{"date":166,"type":21},"2027-02-01",{"name":168,"class":82},"Navari Surgical AB",{"id":170,"slug":171,"hasResults":11,"nctId":172,"briefTitle":173,"officialTitle":173,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":174,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":175,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":176,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":178,"phases":4,"briefSummary":179,"conditions":180,"keywords":185,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":161,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":187,"startDateStruct":188,"completionDateStruct":190,"leadSponsor":192,"locationsCount":194},"100553466","real-world-evaluation-of-the-histosonics-edison-system-for-treatment-of-liver-tumors-across-multidisciplinary-users-boombox-master-study-100553466","NCT06486454","Real-world Evaluation of the HistoSonics Edison System for Treatment of Liver Tumors Across Multidisciplinary Users (BOOMBOX: Master Study)","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Subject is ≥22 years of age\n2. Subject has signed the Ethics Committee (EC), or Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved study Informed Consent Form (ICF) prior to any study related tests\u002Fprocedures and is willing to comply with study procedures and required follow-up assessments\n3. Subject's liver tumor(s) can be partially or completely treated with histotripsy\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Subject is pregnant or planning to become pregnant or nursing (lactating) during the study period\n2. Subject is enrolled in an interventional HistoSonics-sponsored trial\n3. Subject has a concurrent condition that, in the investigator's opinion, could jeopardize the safety of the subject or compliance with the protocol","22 Years",{"count":177,"type":21},5000,"OBSERVATIONAL","The goal of this observational study is to collect information on the use of the HistoSonics Edison System for the treatment of liver tumors. The main aim is to understand how different patient characteristics and procedural characteristics may affect histotripsy success at 36 hours post-histotripsy procedure. Sub-studies to the BOOMBOX: Master Study will investigate specific populations and\u002For clinical questions with more stringent enrollment criteria, standardized testing criteria, and\u002For follow-up schedule. Any participant enrolled in the BOOMBOX: Master Study that also qualifies for a sub-study may enroll in the sub-study in parallel; sub-studies will be described in separate sub-study protocols. The BOOMBOX: Master Study will collect information about participants before, during, and after the histotripsy treatment procedure. All participants will be followed per standard clinical follow-up based on each site's clinical practice for up to 5 years after the initial histotripsy procedure or until completion of their follow-up in a sub-study, whichever is longer.",[27,181,182,183,184],"Primary Liver Cancer","Secondary Liver Cancer","Tumor Liver","Benign Liver Tumor",[186],"histotripsy",{"date":135,"type":37},{"date":189,"type":37},"2024-10-14",{"date":191,"type":21},"2031-11",{"name":193,"class":82},"HistoSonics, Inc.",30,{"id":196,"slug":197,"hasResults":11,"nctId":198,"briefTitle":199,"officialTitle":200,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":201,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":202,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":178,"phases":4,"briefSummary":204,"conditions":205,"keywords":208,"overallStatus":160,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":215,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":216,"startDateStruct":218,"completionDateStruct":220,"leadSponsor":222,"locationsCount":4},"100638271","a-subharmonic-aided-pressure-estimate-technology-for-prediction-of-response-to-systemic-therapy-in-gastric-cancer-liver-metastases-100638271","NCT07581730","A Subharmonic-Aided Pressure Estimate Technology for Prediction of Response to Systemic Therapy in Gastric Cancer Liver Metastases","A Prospective Study of a Subharmonic-Aided Pressure Estimate Technology for Early Prediction of Response to Systemic Therapy in Gastric Cancer Liver Metastases","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 18 years.\n* Histologically or radiologically confirmed, initially diagnosed and have not undergone any treatment gastric liver metastasis (GCLM).\n* Lesion size ≤ 6 cm (preferably located adjacent to major anatomical structures such as large vessels or bile ducts).\n* Lesion depth ≤ 10 cm on ultrasound imaging.\n* Planned to receive guideline-recommended first-line systemic therapy.\n* The target lesion has not undergone any prior systemic or local treatment, including surgery, ablation, embolization, targeted therapy, or investigational agents, before enrollment.\n* Willingness to provide written informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Inability to cooperate with contrast-enhanced ultrasound or subharmonic imaging examinations (e.g., dyspnea when lying supine or excessive out-of-plane motion).\n* Know or suspected allergy to the contrast agent or other contraindications to its use.\n* Target lesion not previously evaluated or managed according to standard systemic treatment protocols.\n* Clinically unstable condition, advanced-stage disease, or patients with an unpredictable clinical course that may affect treatment tolerance or follow-up.\n* Pregnant or breastfeeding women. 6.Inability to understand or comply with the study protocol, including the requirement to complete follow-up visits and examinations.",{"count":203,"type":21},107,"Gastric cancer is a common type of cancer that often spreads to the liver. When cancer spreads to the liver, treatment becomes very difficult. Many patients will undergo chemotherapy to shrink the tumor. Currently, doctors use CT or MRI scans to assess the effect of chemotherapy, but these examinations usually take about 2 months to show changes in the size of the tumor.\n\nThe purpose of this study is to test whether a special type of ultrasound technology called \"contrast-enhanced subharmonic ultrasound\" can help doctors determine earlier whether chemotherapy is effective compared to conventional scans. This ultrasound detection does not use radiation and can display the blood perfusion status inside liver tumors. We will observe the changes in blood flow perfusion inside the tumor before the start of treatment and after 1-2 chemotherapy cycles to see if these changes can predict whether chemotherapy will be effective in the future.\n\nIf this test is effective, it will help doctors adjust the treatment plan more quickly, which may improve the treatment effect for gastric cancer patients whose cancer cells have spread to the liver, and also help identify patients who are not responding to chemotherapy as early as possible, reducing the side effects and economic burden of patients.",[27,206,207],"Gastric Cancer (GC)","Gastric Cancer Metastatic to Liver",[209,210,211,212,213,214],"Gastric cancer liver metastasis","Contrast-enhanced ultrasound","Subharmonic imaging","Chemotherapy response prediction","Early treatment response","Perfusion imaging","2026-05-18",{"date":217,"type":37},"2026-05-20",{"date":219,"type":21},"2026-05-01",{"date":221,"type":21},"2027-12-01",{"name":223,"class":44},"The First Hospital of Jilin University",{"id":225,"slug":226,"hasResults":11,"nctId":227,"briefTitle":228,"officialTitle":228,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":229,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":230,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":232,"briefSummary":233,"conditions":234,"keywords":236,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":242,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":243,"startDateStruct":245,"completionDateStruct":247,"leadSponsor":249,"locationsCount":45},"100577113","efficacy-and-safety-of-multimodal-ablation-combined-with-pd-1-monoclonal-antibody-lenvatinib-and-tace-in-the-treatment-of-unresectable-primary-hepatocellular-carcinoma-a-single-arm-single-center-clinical-study-100577113","NCT06794073","Efficacy and Safety of Multimodal Ablation Combined With PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody, Lenvatinib and TACE in the Treatment of Unresectable Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single-Arm, Single-Center Clinical Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Age 18-80 years, regardless of gender.\n2. Clinically or pathologically confirmed HCC.\n3. CNLC stage IIb-IIIa, deemed unresectable after multidisciplinary evaluation.\n4. Having radiologically evaluable, untreated target lesions for ablation, with the largest diameter of the target tumor \\>5 cm.\n5. Patients who have not undergone systemic chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma, or those who have been evaluated as SD (stable disease) or PD (progressive disease) after treatment..\n6. ECOG PS 0-1 and an expected survival \\>3 months.\n7. Child-Pugh score ≤7.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Child-Pugh class C liver dysfunction.\n2. Tumor thrombus in the main portal vein or hepatic vein.\n3. Extensive metastatic disease with an expected survival \\\u003C3 months.\n4. Severe dysfunction of major organs (liver, kidney, heart, lung, or brain).\n5. History of esophageal\u002Fgastric variceal bleeding within the past month.\n6. History of other malignancies.\n7. Last anti-tumor therapy (e.g., radiotherapy, systemic chemotherapy, or local treatment) within \\\u003C1 month.\n8. Active infection; HBV co-infection (HBV DNA ≥2000 IU\u002FmL or ≥10⁴ copies\u002FmL unless reduced by one log after antiviral therapy); HCV co-infection requiring guideline-directed antiviral treatment; HIV infection; or biliary tract inflammation.\n9. History of organ transplantation or hepatic encephalopathy.\n10. Uncorrectable coagulation disorders.\n11. Refractory massive ascites, pleural effusion, or cachexia.\n12. Pregnancy, impaired consciousness, or inability to comply with treatment.\n13. High tumor burden (sum of the largest liver lesion diameter and number of liver lesions \\>12).\n14. Any other condition deemed unsuitable by investigators that may affect study participation.",{"count":231,"type":21},17,[24],"This study is a prospective, single-arm, single-center trial evaluating the efficacy of TACE combined with multimodal ablation, Tislelizumab, and lenvatinib in the treatment of unresectable primary liver cancer.",[61,64,235,63,27],"Adenocarcinoma",[237,238,239,240,241],"Multimodal","Tislelizumab","lenvatinib","TACE","unresectable primary liver cancer","2026-05-08",{"date":244,"type":37},"2026-05-11",{"date":246,"type":37},"2026-01-31",{"date":248,"type":21},"2027-08-31",{"name":250,"class":44},"Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital",{"id":252,"slug":253,"hasResults":11,"nctId":254,"briefTitle":255,"officialTitle":255,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":256,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":257,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":258,"briefSummary":259,"conditions":260,"keywords":262,"overallStatus":160,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":264,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":265,"startDateStruct":267,"completionDateStruct":268,"leadSponsor":269,"locationsCount":4},"100640212","a-prospective-study-of-a-subharmonic-aided-pressure-estimate-technology-for-early-prediction-of-response-to-systemic-therapy-in-colorectal-cancer-liver-metastases-100640212","NCT07583381","A Prospective Study of a Subharmonic-Aided Pressure Estimate Technology for Early Prediction of Response to Systemic Therapy in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Age ≥ 18 years.\n2. Histologically or radiologically confirmed, initially diagnosed and have not undergone any treatment colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM).\n3. Lesion size ≤ 6 cm (preferably located adjacent to major anatomical structures such as large vessels or bile ducts).\n4. Lesion depth ≤ 10 cm on ultrasound imaging.\n5. Planned to receive guideline-recommended first-line systemic therapy.\n6. The target lesion has not undergone any prior systemic or local treatment, including surgery, ablation, embolization, targeted therapy, or investigational agents, before enrollment.\n7. Willingness to provide written informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Inability to cooperate with contrast-enhanced ultrasound or subharmonic imaging examinations (e.g., dyspnea when lying supine or excessive out-of-plane motion).\n2. Know or suspected allergy to the contrast agent or other contraindications to its use.\n3. Target lesion not previously evaluated or managed according to standard systemic treatment protocols.\n4. Clinically unstable condition, advanced-stage disease, or patients with an unpredictable clinical course that may affect treatment tolerance or follow-up.\n5. Pregnant or breastfeeding women.\n6. Inability to understand or comply with the study protocol, including the requirement to complete follow-up visits and examinations.",{"count":203,"type":21},[24],"Colorectal cancer is a common type of cancer that often spreads to the liver. When cancer spreads to the liver, treatment becomes very difficult. Many patients will undergo chemotherapy to shrink the tumor. Currently, doctors use CT or MRI scans to assess the effect of chemotherapy, but these examinations usually take about 2 months to show changes in the size of the tumor.\n\nThe purpose of this study is to test whether a special type of ultrasound technology called \"contrast-enhanced subharmonic ultrasound\" can help doctors determine earlier whether chemotherapy is effective compared to conventional scans. This ultrasound detection does not use radiation and can display the blood perfusion status inside liver tumors. We will observe the changes in blood flow perfusion inside the tumor before the start of treatment and after 1-2 chemotherapy cycles to see if these changes can predict whether chemotherapy will be effective in the future.\n\nIf this test is effective, it will help doctors adjust the treatment plan more quickly, which may improve the treatment effect for colon cancer patients whose cancer cells have spread to the liver, and also help identify patients who are not responding to chemotherapy as early as possible, reducing the side effects and economic burden of patients.",[261,27,70],"Colorectal Liver Metastasis",[263,210,211,212,213,214],"Colorectal cancer liver metastasis","2026-05-06",{"date":266,"type":37},"2026-05-13",{"date":161,"type":21},{"date":79,"type":21},{"name":223,"class":44},{"id":271,"slug":272,"hasResults":11,"nctId":273,"briefTitle":274,"officialTitle":275,"acronym":276,"eligibilityCriteria":277,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":278,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":178,"phases":4,"briefSummary":280,"conditions":281,"keywords":289,"overallStatus":160,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":304,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":305,"startDateStruct":307,"completionDateStruct":309,"leadSponsor":311,"locationsCount":45},"100635757","outcomes-after-liver-and-biliary-resection-at-a-high-volume-center-100635757","NCT07556835","Outcomes After Liver and Biliary Resection at a High-Volume Center","Ambispective Cohort Study of Clinical and Oncologic Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Liver and Biliary Resection at San Jacopo Hospital, Pistoia","BILIVER","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 18 years\n* Patients undergoing liver resection and\u002For biliary resection at San Jacopo Hospital, Pistoia\n* Diagnosis of benign or malignant hepatobiliary disease\n* Availability of clinical, surgical, and follow-up data\n* For the prospective cohort, provision of written informed consent when required according to local regulations\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age \\\u003C 18 years\n* Pregnancy\n* No liver or biliary resection performed\n* Biopsy only without resection\n* Refusal or unavailability of consent for the prospective cohort when consent is required",{"count":279,"type":21},1000,"The goal of this observational study is to evaluate clinical and oncologic outcomes in adult patients undergoing liver and\u002For biliary resection for benign and malignant diseases.\n\nThis study evaluates postoperative morbidity and mortality within 90 days after surgery, as well as overall survival and disease-free survival in patients with malignant disease.\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* undergo standard surgical and perioperative management according to routine clinical practice\n* have clinical, surgical, and follow-up data collected from institutional medical records\n* be followed for postoperative outcomes and long-term oncologic outcomes up to 5 years",[27,282,283,129,284,285,286,287,288],"Hepatobiliary Diseases","Cholangiocarcinoma","Liver Metastases From Colorectal Cancer","Liver Metastases","Biliary Tract Diseases","Benign Liver Disease","Gallbladder Carcinoma",[290,291,292,293,294,295,296,297,298,299,300,301,302,303,283],"Hepatobiliary surgery","Liver resection","Biliary resection","Hepatectomy","Postoperative complications","Postoperative mortality","Clavien-Dindo classification","Overall survival","Disease-free survival","Surgical outcomes","Observational study","Ambispective cohort","CRLM","HCC","2026-04-22",{"date":306,"type":37},"2026-04-29",{"date":308,"type":21},"2026-04",{"date":310,"type":21},"2036-12",{"name":312,"class":44},"Azienda USL Toscana Centro",{"id":314,"slug":315,"hasResults":11,"nctId":316,"briefTitle":317,"officialTitle":318,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":319,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":320,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":321,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":323,"briefSummary":324,"conditions":325,"keywords":327,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":336,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":337,"startDateStruct":339,"completionDateStruct":341,"leadSponsor":343,"locationsCount":83},"100568953","phase-1-a-study-to-evaluate-the-tolerability-safety-and-pk-of-ast-201-in-patients-with-gpc3-positive-advanced-solid-tumors-100568953","NCT06687941","A Study to Evaluate the Tolerability, Safety, and PK of AST-201 in Patients With GPC3-positive Advanced Solid Tumors","A Multi-center, Open-label, Dose Escalation and Expansion, Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the Tolerability, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of AST-201 in Patients With GPC3-positive Advanced Solid Tumors","Inclusion Criteria\n\n* Male and female aged ≥19 years\n* Histologically and\u002For cytologically diagnosed as the advanced recurrent solid tumor\n* GPC3-positive confirmed by IHC test\n* At least 1 measurable or non-measurable but evaluable lesion as defined per RECIST v1.1 (modified RECIST for hepatocellular carcinoma)\n* ECOG performance status of 0 or 1\n* Life expectancy at least 12 weeks\n* Adequate hematologic, hepatic, renal, and heart\u002Fcoagulation function\n* Child-Pugh Class of A for HCC\n\nExclusion Criteria\n\n* Subjects with ischemic heart disease\n* Subjects with anti-tumor treatment within 4 weeks\n* Subjects with comorbidities such as uncontrolled hypertension, heart failure, etc.\n* Pregnant or potentially pregnant and lactating woman","19 Years",{"count":322,"type":21},70,[125],"This is the first in human trial clinical study of AST-201 in patients with GPC3-positive advanced solid tumors. This study aims to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic properties, and preliminary efficacy of AST-201 across various tumor types.",[62,61,326,27],"Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung",[328,329,330,331,332,333,334,335],"Glypican-3 (GPC3)","GPC3-positive advanced solid tumors","AST-201","Aptamer-drug conjugate","Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)","Advanced solid tumors","Metastatic","Dose Escalation and Expansion","2026-03-23",{"date":338,"type":37},"2026-03-27",{"date":340,"type":37},"2025-03-11",{"date":342,"type":21},"2028-05",{"name":344,"class":82},"Aptamer Sciences, Inc.",{"id":346,"slug":347,"hasResults":11,"nctId":348,"briefTitle":349,"officialTitle":349,"acronym":350,"eligibilityCriteria":351,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":352,"targetDuration":354,"studyType":178,"phases":4,"briefSummary":355,"conditions":356,"keywords":360,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":368,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":369,"startDateStruct":371,"completionDateStruct":373,"leadSponsor":375,"locationsCount":45},"100629362","feasibility-study-of-non-contact-imaging-based-physiological-monitoring-in-the-operating-room-100629362","NCT07473687","Feasibility Study of Non-Contact Imaging-Based Physiological Monitoring in the Operating Room","IBPM","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Patients aged \\>18 years.\n2. Patients scheduled to undergo surgical procedures under general anesthesia.\n3. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status I, II, or III.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Patients aged \\\u003C 18 years.\n2. Pregnant patients.\n3. Patients whose facial images cannot be captured or recognized (e.g., due to surgical drapes, severe edema, or major trauma).\n4. Patients who refuse to participate or have not signed the informed consent form.\n5. Other cases deemed unsuitable for the study by the clinical physician or anesthesiologist.",{"count":353,"type":21},315,"1 Day","This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of a non-contact, camera-based physiological monitoring technology in a perioperative setting (including anesthesia induction, surgery, and recovery).Conventional vital sign monitoring tools-such as ECG leads, blood pressure cuffs, and pulse oximeters-require direct skin contact, which may pose risks of cross-infection or skin injury in vulnerable populations (e.g., newborns or elderly patients). This research utilizes remote Photoplethysmography (rPPG) technology to estimate vital signs, including heart rate, blood pressure, and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), by analyzing facial video captured via standard camera devices (Logitech C930, iPhone 16 Pro Max, and Samsung Galaxy S24 Ultra).The primary goal is to assess the consistency and stability of this non-contact system compared to clinical gold-standard monitors (Masimo Root, SedLine O3, and Radical-7) during actual surgical procedures. The findings will serve as a foundation for developing non-invasive, supplementary monitoring tools in dynamic clinical environments.",[357,27,358,359],"Cholecystitis","Cholelithiasis","Inguinal Hernia",[361,362,363,364,365,366,367],"General anesthesia","Intraoperative monitoring","Camera-based monitor","Non-contact Physiological Monitoring","Total Extraperitoneal Approach (TEP)","Remote Sensing","Perioperative Care","2026-03-10",{"date":370,"type":37},"2026-03-16",{"date":372,"type":37},"2026-01-08",{"date":374,"type":21},"2030-06-30",{"name":376,"class":377},"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan","OTHER_GOV",{"id":379,"slug":380,"hasResults":11,"nctId":381,"briefTitle":382,"officialTitle":383,"acronym":384,"eligibilityCriteria":385,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":386,"targetDuration":388,"studyType":178,"phases":4,"briefSummary":389,"conditions":390,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":424,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":425,"startDateStruct":427,"completionDateStruct":429,"leadSponsor":431,"locationsCount":433},"100368284","the-momentum-study-the-multiple-outcome-evaluation-of-radiation-therapy-using-the-mr-linac-study-100368284","NCT04075305","The MOMENTUM Study: The Multiple Outcome Evaluation of Radiation Therapy Using the MR-Linac Study","The Multiple Outcome Evaluation of Radiation Therapy Using the MR-Linac Study","MOMENTUM","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patient is to undergo or has completed imaging or treatment procedures on an MR-Linac;\n* Patient provides written, informed consent;\n* Patient is 18 years old or older.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* MRI exclusion criteria, including\n* MRI contraindications as per usual clinical care, such as (possible) pregnancy; claustrophobia and metal or electronic implants not compatible with MRI.",{"count":387,"type":21},8000,"2 Years","The Multi-OutcoMe EvaluatioN of radiation Therapy Using the Unity MR-Linac Study (MOMENTUM) is a multi-institutional, international registry facilitating evidenced based implementation of the Unity MR-Linac technology and further technical development of the MR-Linac system with the ultimate purpose to improve patients' survival, local, and regional tumor control and quality of life.",[391,98,392,393,394,395,396,397,398,399,400,401,402,403,404,405,406,407,408,409,410,411,412,413,414,415,416,417,418,419,420,62,421,422,29,27,285,423],"Oncology","Prostate Cancer","Gynecologic Cancer","Brain Tumor","Brain Cancer","Gynecologic Tumor","Prostate Tumor","Prostate Neoplasm","Breast Tumor","Radiation Toxicity","Quality of Life","Rectal Cancer","Rectal Tumor","Rectal Neoplasms","Lung Cancer","Lung Tumor","Lung Neoplasm","Esophageal Cancer","Esophagus Cancer","Esophageal Tumor","Esophageal Neoplasm","Esophagus Tumor","Esophagus Neoplasm","Pancreatic Cancer","Pancreatic Tumor","Pancreatic Neoplasms","Head and Neck Cancer","Head and Neck Neoplasms","Head and Neck Tumor","Tumor","Bladder Cancer","Bladder Neoplasm","Oligometastases","2026-03-03",{"date":426,"type":37},"2026-03-05",{"date":428,"type":37},"2019-02-01",{"date":430,"type":21},"2030-08-01",{"name":432,"class":44},"UMC Utrecht",18,{"id":435,"slug":436,"hasResults":11,"nctId":437,"briefTitle":438,"officialTitle":439,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":440,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":441,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":443,"briefSummary":444,"conditions":445,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":446,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":447,"startDateStruct":449,"completionDateStruct":451,"leadSponsor":453,"locationsCount":45},"100536206","phase-2-contrast-enhanced-ultrasound-to-evaluate-response-to-chemoembolization-in-patients-with-liver-tumors-100536206","NCT06261814","Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound to Evaluate Response to Chemoembolization in Patients With Liver Tumors","2D and 3D Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound of Chemoembolization","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Scheduled for TACE therapy of a liver tumor\n* Be at least 18 years of age\n* Be medically stable\n* If a female of child-bearing age, must have a negative pregnancy test\n* Have signed informed consent to participate in the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients who are medically unstable, patients who are seriously or terminally ill, and patients whose clinical course is unpredictable\n* Patients with known sensitivities to the components of lumason",{"count":442,"type":21},266,[95],"This phase II trial evaluates the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for assessing treatment response in patients undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for liver tumors. TACE is a hepatic artery embolization technique involving the injection of a blocking agent and a chemotherapy agent to treat liver cancers. Currently, contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography are used to assess disease response 1-2 months after TACE treatment, but ultrasound may be a less expensive, earlier alternative. CEUS is an imaging procedure that uses high-frequency sound waves to generate images of the body after administering Lumason, an imaging agent used to enhance visualization of blood flow on ultrasounds. CEUS is able to be performed during the TACE procedure, making it possible to evaluate treatment response earlier than standard techniques. CEUS may be an effective method to evaluate treatment response more accurately and much earlier than current standard evaluation methods.",[27],"2026-02-12",{"date":448,"type":37},"2026-02-17",{"date":450,"type":37},"2024-08-07",{"date":452,"type":21},"2028-01-01",{"name":454,"class":44},"john eisenbrey",{"id":456,"slug":457,"hasResults":11,"nctId":458,"briefTitle":459,"officialTitle":460,"acronym":461,"eligibilityCriteria":462,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":463,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":178,"phases":4,"briefSummary":464,"conditions":465,"keywords":467,"overallStatus":160,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":471,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":472,"startDateStruct":473,"completionDateStruct":475,"leadSponsor":477,"locationsCount":45},"100624807","validation-of-blood-based-biomarkers-in-tace-treated-hepatocellular-carcinoma-100624807","NCT07414433","Validation of Blood-Based Biomarkers in TACE-Treated Hepatocellular Carcinoma","Blood-Based Biomarkers for Prediction and Monitoring of Response to TACE in Hepatocellular Carcinoma","BLOOD-TACE-M","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 18 years.\n* Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on LI-RADS CT\u002FMRI v2018 criteria or histopathological verification\n* Candidate for TACE as part of standard treatment (BCLC criteria)\n* Child-Pugh score ≤ 7 at the time of TACE indication\n* ECOG performance status 0 at the time of TACE indication\n* Availability of at least one follow-up multiphase CT or MRI scan 4-8 weeks after TACE\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Child-Pugh score ≥8 at the time of TACE indication\n* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status \\> 0 at the time of TACE indication.\n* Presence of extrahepatic dissemination and\u002For macrovascular invasion\n* Technically unfeasible TACE (e.g., inability to identify feeder artery)\n* Severe uncorrectable coagulopathy or cytopenia\n* Severe allergy or contraindication to iodine contrast agent or drugs used during TACE\n* Pregnancy or breastfeeding\n* Inability to provide signed informed consent",{"count":20,"type":21},"The goal of this prospective observational study is to validate the clinical utility of specific blood-based biomarkers for predicting and monitoring treatment response in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE).\n\nThe study aims to determine if longitudinal changes in these biomarkers can reliably correlate with early radiological treatment response, as measured by Modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST). Participants will receive standard-of-care TACE treatment and will provide blood samples at baseline and during subsequent clinical follow-up cycles. Biomarker levels will be compared against routine multiphase computed tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans performed four to eight weeks post-procedure to establish their accuracy as predictive tools for clinical success.",[466,27],"Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)",[129,240,468,469,470],"Biomarkers","mRECIST","Drug-Eluting Beads","2026-02-09",{"date":448,"type":37},{"date":474,"type":21},"2026-03-01",{"date":476,"type":21},"2029-12-30",{"name":478,"class":44},"University of Belgrade",{"id":480,"slug":481,"hasResults":11,"nctId":482,"briefTitle":483,"officialTitle":484,"acronym":485,"eligibilityCriteria":486,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":487,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":489,"briefSummary":490,"conditions":491,"keywords":493,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":499,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":500,"startDateStruct":502,"completionDateStruct":504,"leadSponsor":506,"locationsCount":45},"100340668","spinal-anesthesia-for-enhanced-recovery-after-liver-surgery-100340668","NCT03715517","Spinal Anesthesia For Enhanced Recovery After Liver Surgery","Spinal Anesthesia for Enhanced Recovery After Liver Surgery","SAFER-L","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Male or female, Adults aged ≥ 18 years (there will be no upper age restriction);\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification (ASA-PS) of I to III;\n* Undergoing subcostal or midline laparotomy for elective liver resection surgery under general anesthesia; if the planned procedure is a combined operation (i.e., concomitant extrahepatic surgery) , the associated procedure should not add more than one hour to the surgical time of the primary hepatic resection procedure alone;\n* Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study\n* Provision of signed and dated informed consent form\n* Body mass index (BMI) between 17 and 40 kg·m-², inclusive;\n* Negative result on serum pregnancy test at Screening and negative urine pregnancy test at Baseline (for women of childbearing potential, defined as those who have not undergone a hysterectomy or been postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months); and not currently breastfeeding, or planning to do so within 7 d following surgery;\n* Stated willingness and ability to comply with all study and\u002For follow-up evaluations and communicate clearly with the Investigator and staff; and\n* Voluntary participation and ability to provide written informed consent prior to any study procedures.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Emergency surgery;\n* Age \\\u003C 18 years;\n* Planned laparoscopic hepatic resection;\n* Planned laparotomy incision other than (right) subcostal, midline, or extended midline;\n* Patients with obvious non-resectable disease prior to signing informed consent;\n* Liver transplant recipient or previous hepatic resection or living-donor hepatectomy surgery;\n* Major surgery (open abdominal and\u002For thoracic) under general anesthesia ≤ 30 d preoperatively;\n* Contraindications to neuraxial (spinal or epidural) anesthesia: (a) anticipated difficult intubation; (b) coagulation or hemostatic abnormalities within 30 d of surgery (defined as thrombocytopenia \\[platelet count \\\u003C 100 × 10⁹ L-¹\\]; INR \\> 1.4; or activated partial thromboplastin time \\[aPTT\\] \\> 40 s); (c) bleeding diathesis; (d) ongoing use (≤ 7 d before surgery) or planned perioperative use of antiplatelet agents (apart from acetylsalicylic acid 81 mg) or anticoagulants (excluding deep-vein thrombosis prophylaxis); (e) recent (≤ 30 d preoperatively) systemic infection or current (≤ 48 h) fever (≥ 38.4 °C), or evidence of infection (including superficial cutaneous infection in the thoracic and\u002For lumbar regions); (f) history of neurologic disorder affecting the spinal cord or the hemithorax or below; or impaired bladder\u002Fbowel function; (g) acute or subacute (≤ 90 d preoperatively) intracranial hemorrhage; or (h) technical contraindications to epidural placement: (i) local skin or soft tissue infection at proposed site for thoracic epidural insertion; (ii) previous cervicothoracic, thoracic, or thoracolumbar spinal surgery; (iii) history of spinal tumor, fracture or infection; or (iv) recent (≤ 14 d preoperatively) epidural corticosteroid injection;\n* Significant cardiac arrhythmias (including pacemaker-dependence) or clinically significant cardiovascular disease (New York Heart Association \\[NYHA\\] functional classification III-IV);\n* Volume overload (hyperhydration), particularly in cases of pulmonary edema or acute decompensated congestive heart failure (CHF);\n* Acute kidney injury (AKI) and\u002For chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on the 2012 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) AKI (excluding the oliguria criterion) and CKD guideline definitions: AKI: increase in serum creatinine (SCr) (≥ 26.5 μmol·L-¹ within 48 h or ≥ 1.5× baseline within 7 d); CKD: abnormalities of kidney structure or function, present for \\> 3 mo, defined as either of the following present for \\> 3 mo: (1) ≥ 1 marker(s) of kidney damage: (a) albuminuria (24-h albumin-creatinine ratio \\[ACR\\] ≥ 30 mg·g-¹ \\[≥ 3 mg·mmol-¹\\]), (b) urine sediment abnormalities, (c) electrolyte and other abnormalities due to tubular disorders, (d) abnormalities detected by histology, (e) structural abnormalities detected by imaging, (f) history of kidney transplantation; and\u002For decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR \\\u003C 60 mL-¹·min-¹·1.73 m-², estimated using the 2009 CKD-EPI creatinine equation \\[eGFR\\_creat\\]);\n* Severe hypernatremia (\\[Na⁺\\] ≥ 155 mmol·L-¹) and\u002For hyperchloremia (\\[Cl-\\] ≥ 125 mmol·L-¹);\n* Chronic pain; current (≤ 30 d preoperatively) and\u002For prior chronic (for a period of ≥ 90 d) opioid use; or history of alcohol, opiate, and\u002For other drug abuse or dependence;\n* Use of supraphysiologic glucocorticoid (GC) doses (≥ 7.5 mg·day-¹ of prednisone or equivalent): recent (≤ 30 d), prolonged (\\> 2 consecutive weeks), or multiple courses totalling \\> 3 weeks in the preceding 6 months;\n* Known allergy or sensitivity (e.g., glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase \\[G6PD\\] deficiency) to amide local anesthetics, opioids, or acetaminophen, or hypersensitivity to other materials to be used in the study (e.g., latex \\[epidural catheter adapter\\], epidural dressing or tape); or\n* Altered mental status or educational, psychiatric, or communication (language, literacy) barriers that would impede accurate assessment of postoperative pain and\u002For ability to complete questionnaire instruments.",{"count":488,"type":21},128,[24],"This project proposes to compare epidural versus spinal anesthesia in patients having liver resection surgery. The investigators hypothesize that spinal anesthesia will result in improved blood pressure control postoperatively and reduce the amount of intravenous fluids required after surgery. Spinal anesthesia is expected to provide the same pain control benefits as epidurals, with faster recovery of function. Spinal anesthesia may be a simple and effective way to improve and enhance the recovery in the increasing number of patients requiring liver resection.",[293,492,27],"Pain, Postoperative",[494,495,496,497,498],"Injections, Spinal","Analgesia, Epidural","Anesthesia, Spinal","Patient Reported Outcome Measures","Postoperative Period","2026-02-03",{"date":501,"type":37},"2026-02-05",{"date":503,"type":37},"2018-10-04",{"date":505,"type":21},"2031-12-31",{"name":507,"class":44},"University of Manitoba",{"id":509,"slug":510,"hasResults":11,"nctId":511,"briefTitle":512,"officialTitle":513,"acronym":514,"eligibilityCriteria":462,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":515,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":178,"phases":4,"briefSummary":517,"conditions":518,"keywords":519,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":520,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":521,"startDateStruct":522,"completionDateStruct":524,"leadSponsor":525,"locationsCount":45},"100622060","exploratory-blood-based-biomarkers-in-tace-treated-hepatocellular-carcinoma-100622060","NCT07378709","Exploratory Blood-Based Biomarkers in TACE-Treated Hepatocellular Carcinoma","Blood-Based Biomarkers for Prediction and Monitoring of Response to TACE in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Pilot Study","BLOOD-TACE-P",{"count":516,"type":21},15,"The goal of this observational study is to evaluate changes in selected biomarkers and their potential connection with early radiological outcomes in adult patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are candidates for Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) treatment. The main questions it aims to answer are whether specific biomarkers change in response to TACE treatment and if there is a correlation between these changes and early radiological treatment response as measured by Modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) criteria. Participants will undergo standard-of-care TACE as decided by a multidisciplinary team and will provide blood samples at predefined, clinically relevant time points, specifically before the first TACE procedure and during subsequent follow-up cycles on the day of either a new TACE or a control Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Additionally, participants will undergo routine clinical and radiological assessments, including multiphase CT or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans four to eight weeks after the procedure to monitor treatment success, with all data being collected from medical records and standard diagnostic procedures.",[466,27],[129,240,468,469,470],"2026-02-02",{"date":501,"type":37},{"date":523,"type":37},"2024-08-21",{"date":161,"type":21},{"name":478,"class":44},{"id":527,"slug":528,"hasResults":11,"nctId":529,"briefTitle":530,"officialTitle":530,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":531,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":532,"enrollmentInfo":533,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":535,"briefSummary":536,"conditions":537,"keywords":539,"overallStatus":160,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":549,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":550,"startDateStruct":552,"completionDateStruct":554,"leadSponsor":556,"locationsCount":4},"100611697","phase-2-phase-ii-clinical-study-on-the-efficacy-and-safety-of-the-combination-of-cadonilimab-and-capecitabine-in-adjuvant-therapy-for-combined-hepatocellular-carcinoma-and-intrahepatic-cholangiocarcinoma-100611697","NCT07243951","Phase II Clinical Study on the Efficacy and Safety of the Combination of Cadonilimab and Capecitabine in Adjuvant Therapy for Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Age 18-75 years.\n2. ECOG Performance Status ≤ 1.\n3. Pathologically confirmed combined hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC\u002FCCA), with R0 resection and classified as Stage IB, Stage II, Stage IIIA, Stage IIIB, or Stage IA (G3) according to AJCC TNM Staging System (8th Edition, 2017).\n4. No extrahepatic metastasis.\n5. Post-operative Child-Pugh liver function class A; ECOG PS score: 0-1.\n6. For subjects with chronic HBV infection, HBV-DNA must be \\\u003C500 IU\u002FmL. HBsAg-positive patients must receive antiviral therapy according to the \"Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B (2015)\". HCV-RNA positive patients must receive antiviral therapy according to the \"Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hepatitis C (2015)\" and have normal liver function.\n7. Adequate organ function, defined as follows:\n\n(1) Hematological tests (no blood transfusion or use of hematopoietic growth factors within 14 days prior to screening):\n\n1. Hemoglobin (HB) ≥90 g\u002FL\n2. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥1.5×10⁹\u002FL\n3. Platelet count (PLT) ≥75×10⁹\u002FL (2) Biochemical tests (no blood transfusion or blood products within 14 days prior to screening):\n\n1\\) Albumin (ALB) ≥29 g\u002FL 2) ALT and AST \\\u003C2.5 × ULN 3) Total bilirubin (TBIL) ≤1.5 × ULN 4) Creatinine (Cr) ≤1.5 × ULN (3) International Normalized Ratio (INR) ≤2.3, or Prothrombin Time (PT) prolongation ≤6 seconds beyond the normal control range.\n\n8\\. Female subjects of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test within 14 days before initiating study treatment and be willing to use effective and reliable methods of contraception during the trial and for one year after the last dose of the study drug.\n\n9\\. Subjects voluntarily join the study, sign the informed consent form, have good compliance, and are willing to cooperate with follow-up.\n\n10\\. No evidence of tumor recurrence or metastasis at baseline examination.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Pathological diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), or hilar cholangiocarcinoma.\n2. Incomplete tumor resection (non-R0), or postoperative pathology indicating a diagnosis other than cHCC\u002FCCA.\n3. History of or concurrent other malignancies, except for cured localized tumors such as basal cell carcinoma of the skin, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, superficial bladder cancer, carcinoma in situ of the prostate, carcinoma in situ of the cervix, carcinoma in situ of the breast, etc. Concurrent autoimmune diseases (e.g., autoimmune liver disease, systemic lupus erythematosus).\n4. Child-Pugh class B or C; history or presence of manifestations of hepatic decompensation (e.g., ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, etc.).\n5. Known hereditary or acquired bleeding or thrombotic tendencies, such as hemophilia.\n6. Presence of abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, or intra-abdominal abscess within 2 months prior to study participation.\n7. Myocardial ischemia of grade II or above, myocardial infarction, or poorly controlled arrhythmias (including QTcF interval ≥450 ms for males or ≥470 ms for females; QTc interval calculated by Fridericia's formula). Cardiac insufficiency of NYHA Class III-IV or left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) \\\u003C50% on echocardiography.\n8. Severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction or severe renal insufficiency.\n9. History of thrombotic\u002Fembolic events within the past 6 months, such as cerebrovascular events (including transient ischemic attack) or pulmonary embolism.\n10. Inability to swallow, chronic diarrhea, or intestinal obstruction that significantly affects drug administration and absorption.\n11. Untreated active hepatitis (Hepatitis B: HBsAg positive with abnormal liver function and HBV-DNA ≥500 IU\u002FmL; Hepatitis C: HCV-RNA positive with abnormal liver function).\n12. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.\n13. Active infection or unexplained fever (\\>38.5°C) occurring during the screening period or before the first dose.\n14. Receipt of any vaccine within 30 days prior to enrollment. Planned or prior history of allogeneic organ or bone marrow transplantation, including liver transplantation.\n15. History or current presence of pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial pneumonia, pneumoconiosis, radiation pneumonitis, drug-related pneumonia, severely impaired pulmonary function, or other conditions that may interfere with the detection and management of suspected drug-related pulmonary toxicity.\n16. Hypertension that cannot be well controlled with antihypertensive medication (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg).\n17. Coagulation dysfunction (PT \\>16s, APTT \\>43s, TT \\>21s, Fibrinogen \\\u003C2 g\u002FL), bleeding tendency, or ongoing thrombolytic or anticoagulant therapy.\n18. Significant clinically significant bleeding symptoms or definite bleeding tendency within 3 months before the first dose, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, hemorrhagic gastric ulcer, baseline fecal occult blood ++ or higher, or presence of vasculitis.\n19. Active, known, or suspected autoimmune disease (including but not limited to uveitis, enteritis, hepatitis, hypophysitis, nephritis, vasculitis, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, asthma requiring bronchodilators, etc.). Subjects in a stable state not requiring systemic immunosuppressive therapy are allowed.\n20. Requirement for systemic treatment with corticosteroids (\\>10 mg\u002Fday prednisone equivalent) or other immunosuppressants within 14 days prior to study drug administration. Inhaled or topical steroids and adrenal replacement therapy at doses \\>10 mg\u002Fday prednisone equivalent are permitted in the absence of active autoimmune disease.\n21. Prior treatment with other PD-1 antibodies or other immunotherapy targeting PD-1\u002FPD-L1. Known history of severe allergy to any monoclonal antibody, anti-angiogenic targeted drugs, platinum agents, fluorouracil, or any component of the study drugs.\n22. Requirement for long-term anticoagulation therapy with warfarin or heparin; requirement for long-term antiplatelet therapy (aspirin ≥300 mg\u002Fday or clopidogrel ≥75 mg\u002Fday).\n23. Known history of psychotropic drug abuse or drug addiction. Pregnant or lactating women.\n24. Any other factor considered by the investigator to be likely to lead to premature termination of the study, such as other severe diseases, significant laboratory abnormalities, or accompanying familial or social factors that may affect the subject's safety or the collection of trial data and samples.","75 Years",{"count":534,"type":21},75,[95],"Title: A Study of Cadonilimab Combined with Capecitabine After Surgery for Mixed Type Liver Cancer\n\nThis is a phase II clinical trial. The main purpose of this study is to find out if using two drugs together, cadonilimab (an immunotherapy drug) and capecitabine (a chemotherapy drug), can help prevent the cancer from coming back after surgery in patients with a specific type of liver cancer called combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC\u002FCCA). This type of liver cancer is rare and has a high chance of returning even after successful surgery.\n\nThe study will involve about 75 patients who have had their tumor completely removed but are still at medium to high risk of the cancer returning. All participants in the study will receive the same combination of drugs. Cadonilimab is given through a vein every three weeks. Capecitabine is taken as a pill twice a day for two weeks, followed by one week off. This cycle repeats for up to 8 cycles (about 6 months), or until the cancer comes back or side effects become too severe.\n\nResearchers will primarily measure how long patients live without the cancer returning (Recurrence-Free Survival). They will also track how long patients live overall (Overall Survival), and carefully record any side effects to understand the safety of this treatment combination.\n\nThe study hypothesis is that this combination therapy will significantly prolong RFS compared to historical outcomes with surgery alone, while demonstrating acceptable safety.",[538,27],"Combined Hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma",[540,541,542,543,544,545,546,547,548],"Cadonilimab","Capecitabine","Phase II Clinical Trial","Bispecific Antibody","PD-1","CTLA-4","Recurrence-Free Survival","Immunotherapy","Adjuvant Therapy","2025-11-21",{"date":551,"type":37},"2025-11-24",{"date":553,"type":21},"2025-11-28",{"date":555,"type":21},"2028-06-30",{"name":250,"class":44},{"id":558,"slug":559,"hasResults":11,"nctId":560,"briefTitle":561,"officialTitle":561,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":562,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":563,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":564,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":566,"briefSummary":567,"conditions":568,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":570,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":571,"startDateStruct":572,"completionDateStruct":574,"leadSponsor":576,"locationsCount":45},"100611906","phase-2-a-phase-ii-single-arm-clinical-study-to-evaluate-the-efficacy-and-safety-of-carbon-ion-radiotherapy-with-atezolizumab-and-bevacizumab-combination-therapy-in-patients-with-advanced-hepatocellular-carcinoma-100611906","NCT07246668","A Phase II Single-Arm Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy With Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab Combination Therapy in Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 18 years Histologically or radiologically confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B or C, not eligible for curative surgery or transplantation.\n\nAt least one measurable lesion according to RECIST criteria. Eligible for treatment with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab based on clinical judgment.\n\nCandidate for carbon ion radiotherapy determined by radiation oncologist. Child-Pugh class A liver function Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-1\n\nAdequate organ and marrow function, including:\n\nAbsolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,500\u002FμL Platelet count ≥ 75,000\u002FμL Hemoglobin ≥ 8.5 g\u002FdL Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 × ULN or creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL\u002Fmin AST\u002FALT ≤ 5 × ULN Total bilirubin ≤ 3 mg\u002FdL No uncontrolled esophageal or gastric varices, confirmed by endoscopy (within 6 months), or adequately treated before enrollment.\n\nAbility to understand and willingness to sign a written informed consent form.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Prior systemic therapy with anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, or anti-VEGF agents within the past year.\n\nPrior carbon ion radiotherapy to the same anatomical region.\n\nPresence of uncontrolled or severe cardiovascular disease, including:\n\nRecent myocardial infarction (within 6 months) Uncontrolled hypertension NYHA class III-IV heart failure Active or history of autoimmune disease requiring systemic immunosuppressive therapy.\n\nActive infection, including:\n\nUncontrolled bacterial, viral, or fungal infection Active tuberculosis HIV infection, or active hepatitis B\u002FC with uncontrolled viral replication.\n\nSignificant bleeding risk, including:\n\nActive gastrointestinal bleeding Untreated or high-risk varices Coagulopathy not controllable with standard therapy Portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) of grade Vp4 if judged unsuitable for treatment by investigator.\n\nPregnant or breastfeeding women History of organ transplantation, including liver transplantation. Any condition judged by the investigator to interfere with study participation, treatment compliance, or safety evaluation.","20 Years",{"count":565,"type":21},52,[95],"This single-center, prospective phase II clinical trial evaluates the safety and therapeutic efficacy of combining carbon ion radiotherapy with the standard first-line regimen of atezolizumab and bevacizumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The study aims to determine whether the addition of carbon ion radiotherapy enhances tumor control and improves clinical outcomes beyond those achieved with systemic therapy alone. Key endpoints include overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rate, and treatment-related adverse events.",[129,27,60,569],"Hepatocellular","2025-11-17",{"date":551,"type":37},{"date":573,"type":37},"2025-03-10",{"date":575,"type":21},"2028-03",{"name":577,"class":44},"Yonsei University",{"id":579,"slug":580,"hasResults":11,"nctId":581,"briefTitle":582,"officialTitle":583,"acronym":584,"eligibilityCriteria":585,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":586,"maxAge":587,"enrollmentInfo":588,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":589,"briefSummary":590,"conditions":591,"keywords":595,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":601,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":602,"startDateStruct":604,"completionDateStruct":606,"leadSponsor":608,"locationsCount":610},"100411195","phase-1-et140203-t-cells-in-pediatric-subjects-with-hepatoblastoma-hcn-nos-or-hepatocellular-carcinoma-100411195","NCT04634357","ET140203 T Cells in Pediatric Subjects With Hepatoblastoma, HCN-NOS, or Hepatocellular Carcinoma","An Open-Label, Dose Escalation, Phase I\u002FII Clinical Trial of ET140203 T Cells in Pediatric Subjects With Relapsed\u002FRefractory Hepatoblastoma (HB), Hepatocellular Neoplasm-Not Otherwise Specified (HCN-NOS), or Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)","ARYA-2","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Histologically confirmed HB, HCN-NOS, or HCC with serum AFP \\>100ng\u002FmL at the time of screening and following the most recent line of therapy.\n2. Disease reoccurrence after remission following initial standard-of care (SOC) treatment (i.e., relapse) or failure of response to SOC treatment (i.e., refractory).\n3. Age ≥ 1 year and ≤ 21 years.\n4. Molecular Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I allele typing that confirms subject carries at least one HLA-A2 allele.\n5. Life expectancy of \\> 4 months per the Investigator's opinion.\n6. Lansky or Karnofsky Performance Scale ≥ 70.\n7. For enrollment to the dose-finding cohort, subjects must have at least one (1) lesion ≥ 5 mm in diameter or two (2) or more lesions ≥ 3 mm in diameter. For the dose-expansion cohort, subjects must have measurable disease by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1.\n8. Child-Pugh score of A6 or better.\n9. Adequate organ function.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Recurrent HB who are candidates for complete surgical resection (e.g., isolated pulmonary relapse amendable to pulmonary metastasectomy).\n2. Pre-existing illness including heart failure, uncontrolled pulmonary disease not cancer-related, or psychiatric illness\u002Fsocial situation that would limit compliance with study requirements.\n3. Active, uncontrolled systemic bacterial, fungal, or viral infection. Subjects with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), hepatitis B, or hepatitis C are eligible provided their infection is being treated and the viral load is controlled.\n4. Any known active malignancy (other than HB, HCN-NOS, or HCC).\n5. Pregnant or lactating women.\n6. Received the following within two (2) weeks of leukapheresis or within two (2) weeks of conditioning chemotherapy: cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiation, other anti-cancer therapies (including immunotherapeutic agents), immunosuppressive therapy, or systemic corticosteroids at doses greater than 5 mg\u002Fday of prednisone or equivalent doses of other corticosteroids. (Note: Topical and inhaled corticosteroids in standard doses and physiological replacement doses of corticosteroids for adrenal insufficiency are allowed).\n7. Concurrently receiving other investigational agents, biological, chemical, or radiation therapies, while participating in the study.\n8. Contraindication for receipt of conditioning chemotherapeutic agents including Fludarabine and Cyclophosphamide.\n9. Active autoimmune disease requiring systemic immunosuppressive therapy.\n10. Compromised circulation in the main portal vein, hepatic vein, or vena cava due to partial or complete obstruction which, in the opinion of the Investigator, would make the subject unsuitable for the study.\n11. History of organ transplant.\n12. HB, HCN-NOS, or HCC involving greater than 50% of the liver (volumetric).","1 Year","21 Years",{"count":516,"type":21},[125,95],"Open-label, dose escalation, multi-center, Phase I\u002FII clinical trial to assess the safety\u002Ftolerability and determine the recommended Phase II Dose (RP2D) of ET140203 T-cells in pediatric subjects who are AFP-positive\u002FHLA-A2-positive and have relapsed\u002Frefractory HB, HCN-NOS, or HCC.",[592,466,27,593,29,594],"Hepatoblastoma","Metastatic Liver Cancer","HEMNOS",[596,597,598,466,29,599,593,600,594],"Relapsed\u002FRefractory Hepatoblastoma (HB)","Pediatric","Hepatocellular Neoplasm-Not Otherwise Specified (HCN-NOS)","T-cell therapy","Liver neoplasms","2025-04-07",{"date":603,"type":37},"2025-04-09",{"date":605,"type":37},"2022-07-19",{"date":607,"type":21},"2028-01-31",{"name":609,"class":82},"Eureka Therapeutics Inc.",2,{"id":612,"slug":613,"hasResults":11,"nctId":614,"briefTitle":615,"officialTitle":616,"acronym":617,"eligibilityCriteria":618,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":619,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":621,"briefSummary":622,"conditions":623,"keywords":625,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":638,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":639,"startDateStruct":641,"completionDateStruct":643,"leadSponsor":645,"locationsCount":45},"100519949","tango-liver-three-arm-nuclear-growth-observation-in-liver-surgery-100519949","NCT06050200","TANGO-LIVER Three Arm Nuclear Growth Observation in Liver Surgery","Comparison of Three Methods of Inducing Liver Hypertrophy Before Resection - a Randomized Controlled Trial","TANGO-LIVER","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* age \\>= 18 years\n* patients qualified for liver resection\n* future remnant liver \\\u003C30% of standard liver volume\n* written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* liver cirrhosis\n* pregnancy\n* poor general health status or comorbidities excluding general anesthesia or hepatic resection\n* contraindications to iodine contrast agents",{"count":620,"type":21},154,[24],"Liver resection is the treatment of choice in patients with malignant liver lesions. Unfortunately, the surgery is not always an option, as in same patients the future remnant liver (FRL) is too small to supply all the functions. Therefore, some additional methods have been proposed to increase the size of the FRL.\n\nThe aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of three methods of increasing the future remnant liver - Portal Vein Embolization (PVE) - embolization of one of the portal branches; Liver Vein Deprivation (LVD) - embolization both of the portal branch as well as the hepatic vein; and partial ALPPS (Associating Liver Partition and Portal vein Ligation for Staged hepatectomy) - ligation of portal vein branch with partial liver transection.\n\nThe efficacy of those three methods will be assessed both by analyzing the volumetric increase (by computer tomography scans) and by functional increase (by 99mTc-mebrofenin scintigraphy). Functional assessment of the liver hypertrophy seems to be of crucial importance, as some of the previous studies suggest that there might be a significant discrepancy in the increase of size comparing to the increase of function.\n\nThis is a prospective, interventional randomized study. The study group (154 patients) will consist of patients being considered as candidates for major hepatic resection, after inducing hypertrophy of the future remnant liver.\n\nThe primary study hypothesis is greater efficacy of ALPPS in preparing patients for large hepatic resection by inducing hypertrophy of the future remnant liver, as compared both to PVE and LVD.\n\nIn case of unsuccessful induction of hypertrophy by the embolization techniques, patients may be qualified to rescue ALPPS procedure.\n\nPrimary end-point:\n\nPercentage of patients with successful resection (patients, who gained sufficient increase of the FRL to proceed to the liver resection) with no post-surgical 90-day mortality.\n\nSecondary end-points:\n\n1. the rate and degree of volume increase in different groups\n2. the rate and degree of functional increase in different groups\n3. CCI index and complication rate \\>=3 degree according to the Clavien-Dindo classification after the first stage of treatment\n4. CCI index and complication rate \\>=3 degree according to the Clavien-Dindo classification after the second stage of treatment\n5. overall duration of hospital stay\n\nPatient will be randomly assigned to the three study groups. All patients will undergo an abdominal contrast enhanced computed tomography and 99mTc-mebrofenin scintigraphy prior to the first stage of treatment. During the first stage of treatment, patients will undergo, according to their group:\n\n1. Embolization of portal vein branch (PVE, portal vein embolization)\n2. Embolization of both portal vein branch and hepatic vein (LVD, liver venous deprivation)\n3. Partial ALPPS (Associating Liver Partition and Portal vein Ligation for Staged hepatectomy) - ligation of portal vein branch with partial liver transection, preferentially by laparoscopic technique Computed tomography scans and scintigraphy will be repeated at day 7, 14 and 21 after the first stage of treatment. The second stage of treatment, the liver resection, will be performed after achievement of sufficient mebrofenin clearance rate (\\>=2,69%\u002Fmin\u002Fm2). In case of failure to reach the desired clearance rate, the measurements will be continued every 7 days up to day 42. In case of uncertainty and discrepancy between the volumetric assessment in the computed tomography scan and the mebrofenin scintigraphy, it will be allowed to proceed to stage two (partial hepatectomy) after joint consultation of at least 3 hepatobiliary surgeons, 1 radiologist and 1 nuclear medicine specialist. Routine blood tests will be performed according to the standard procedure in the Department, depending on the patient clinical status. An additional blood sample will be collected from patients (after receiving and additional informed consent from the patient) and will be stored in the biobank.\n\nAll patients will be monitored for surgical and 90-day complications. The volume increase after first stage of treatment, the functional increase after first stage of treatment, percentage of patients successfully proceeding to the second stage of treatment and complication rate will be calculated.\n\nThe percentage of patients with complications \\>= 3 degree in Clavien-Dindo classification and CCI index for each patient will be calculated.\n\nFurthermore, the blood test results will be assessed to search for associations with patients' outcomes. Any possible differences in terms of baseline patients characteristics between groups will be addressed.\n\nStatistical analysis will be performed using U Mann-Whitney test, exact Fisher's test, logistic regression, general linear models, Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. All three groups will be assessed in terms of occurrence of primary and secondary end-points.",[285,29,27,624],"Liver Metastasis Colon Cancer",[626,627,628,629,630,631,632,633,634,635,636,637],"liver metastases","liver cancer","liver neoplasms","portal vein embolisation","liver venous deprivation","PVE","LVD","Associating Liver Partition and Portal vein Ligation for Staged hepatectomy","ALPPS","liver resection","mebrofenin scintigraphy","liver surgery","2025-03-26",{"date":640,"type":37},"2025-04-01",{"date":642,"type":37},"2024-08-28",{"date":644,"type":21},"2029-05",{"name":646,"class":44},"Medical University of Warsaw",{"id":648,"slug":649,"hasResults":11,"nctId":650,"briefTitle":651,"officialTitle":651,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":652,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":653,"minAge":17,"maxAge":532,"enrollmentInfo":654,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":656,"briefSummary":657,"conditions":658,"keywords":661,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":663,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":664,"startDateStruct":666,"completionDateStruct":668,"leadSponsor":670,"locationsCount":45},"100559685","a-multi-mode-thermophysical-immunotherapy-study-for-breast-cancer-liver-metastases-100559685","NCT06567353","A Multi-mode Thermophysical Immunotherapy Study for Breast Cancer Liver Metastases","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Age 18-75 years, female gender;\n2. Pathologically confirmed breast cancer liver metastases, in patients who are unable to tolerate or refuse surgical resection;\n3. The number of lesions ≤ 3, with any single lesion diameter ≤ 4cm;\n4. At least an interval of 1 month since the last local treatment;\n5. Child-Pugh class A or B;\n6. ECOG PS score ≤2, with an expected survival of \\>3 months.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Liver function Child-Pugh class C;\n2. Systemic widespread metastasis, with an expected survival of \\\u003C 3 months;\n3. History of esophageal (gastric fundus) variceal bleeding within the past month;\n4. Dysfunction or failure of vital organs;\n5. Presence of an active infection;\n6. Irreparable coagulation abnormality;\n7. Refractory massive ascites, pleural effusion or cachexia;\n8. Pregnancy, altered consciousness or patients unable to cooperate with treatment;\n9. Previously participated in other clinical studies and still within the follow-up period;\n10. Any other factors deemed inappropriate for inclusion or that may affect the patient's participation in the study, as determined by the investigator.","FEMALE",{"count":655,"type":21},10,[24],"This is a single-center, parallel-controlled clinical study designed to evaluate the safety, efficacy and impact on systemic anti-tumor immunity of a multi-mode integrated ablation system for the treatment of breast cancer liver metastases.",[659,27,660],"Breast Neoplasms","Metastasis",[662],"Multi-mode Thermophysical Immunotherapy","2025-03-12",{"date":665,"type":37},"2025-03-14",{"date":667,"type":37},"2024-12-09",{"date":669,"type":21},"2027-12",{"name":671,"class":44},"Ruijin Hospital",{"id":673,"slug":674,"hasResults":11,"nctId":675,"briefTitle":676,"officialTitle":677,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":678,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":679,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":178,"phases":4,"briefSummary":680,"conditions":681,"keywords":682,"overallStatus":160,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":688,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":689,"startDateStruct":691,"completionDateStruct":692,"leadSponsor":694,"locationsCount":45},"100564020","liver-cancer-prognosis-investigation-study-100564020","NCT06623734","Liver Cancer Prognosis Investigation Study","Liver CAncer PRognosis InvEstigation Study (Liver-CARE)","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18-80 years,\n* Diagnosed with primary liver cancer (ICD-10: C22) (Referring to the diagnostic criteria in the \"Primary Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines (2024 Edition)\" and the \"2024 CSCO Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Biliary Malignancies),\n* Have not received any anti-tumor treatment (e.g., surgery, ablation, interventional therapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, etc),\n* Signed informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Have a history of other malignant tumors,\n* Have a history of other serious chronic diseases (e.g., heart failure, liver failure, kidney failure, etc.),\n* Expected survival time is no more than 3 months,\n* Severe physical or mental disability.",{"count":177,"type":21},"This prospective cohort study is designed to explore the role of environmental, clinical, and genetic risk factors in the progression and prognosis of primary liver cancer (PLC). We will recruit 5000 patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated PLC. The eligible patients will be asked to complete a baseline survey at the time of initial admission and be followed up every 3 to 6 months after discharge.",[27],[683,684,685,686,687],"Primary liver cancer","Hepatocellular carcinoma","Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma","Prognosis","Prospective cohort study","2025-03-03",{"date":690,"type":37},"2025-03-06",{"date":640,"type":21},{"date":693,"type":21},"2044-12-31",{"name":695,"class":44},"Sun Yat-sen University",{"id":697,"slug":698,"hasResults":11,"nctId":699,"briefTitle":700,"officialTitle":701,"acronym":702,"eligibilityCriteria":703,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":704,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":178,"phases":4,"briefSummary":706,"conditions":707,"keywords":709,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":716,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":717,"startDateStruct":719,"completionDateStruct":721,"leadSponsor":723,"locationsCount":45},"100510794","perioperative-energy-expenditure-in-major-liver-resection-100510794","NCT05931068","Perioperative Energy Expenditure in Major Liver Resection","Pre- and Postoperative Energy Expenditure in Major Liver Resection: What do we Ask From a Patient?","PRO-NRG","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥18 years\n* Scheduled for open liver resection (≥3 segments) at the MUMC+\n* Able to understand the Dutch language sufficiently to give consent and follow orders during study assessments\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Cirrhotic liver\n* Unable or unwilling to perform CPET or indirect calorimetry\n* Liver ablation as the primary treatment\n* Termination of surgery due to too extensive oncological disease (open-close surgery",{"count":705,"type":21},20,"Rationale: Complication rates after major liver resections remain as high as 43%. Many initiatives have been taken to reduce postoperative morbidity. As such, prehabilitation programmes are increasingly used for patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Improvement of aerobic fitness has been proven to reduce complication rates, especially in high-risk patients (those with a low preoperative aerobic capacity). Different conceptual hypotheses exist of the underlying mechanism of variability in postoperative complications and prehabilitation response. One of the complementary rationales focusses on homeostasis-allostasis before and after surgery, more specifically on the preoperative aerobic capacity to meet postoperative metabolic demands. However, more insight in postoperative metabolic demands (energy expenditure) during in-hospital recovery from major abdominal surgery in relation to preoperative resting metabolic demands and maximal aerobic capacity is essential to understand the increase in metabolic demands coinciding with major surgery in relation to the body's reserve capacity. This information can be used to better understand the rationale behind exercise prehabilitation, as well as to optimize the content of preoperative treatment for unfit patients, for instance by means of personalized prehabilitation programs that might improve postoperative outcomes.\n\nObjective: This study aims to explore the difference of pre- and postoperative energy expenditure in patients undergoing major elective liver resection and relate this to their preoperative aerobic capacity.\n\nStudy design: The study will be a prospective observational study with thorough pre- and postoperative measurements of energy expenditure. Energy expenditure will be measured using the doubly labelled water method, as well as by indirect calorimetry. To assess aerobic capacity, cardiopulmonary exercise testing will be performed pre- and postoperatively. Additionally, accelerometers will be used to evaluate pre- and postoperative physical activity levels.\n\nStudy population: Patients aged ≥18 years undergoing major liver resection (≥3 segments) will be asked to participate. The inability to perform cardiopulmonary exercise testing, neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, and cirrhotic liver are reasons for exclusion.\n\nMain study parameters\u002Fendpoints: The main study parameter is the difference of energy expenditure pre- and postoperatively, as measured with doubly labelled water and indirect calorimetry.\n\nSecondary endpoints: Additionally, as secondary endpoints, aerobic fitness, physical activity level, and postoperative complications will be assessed.",[708,68,27],"Cancer",[710,711,712,713,714,715],"Energy expenditure","Aerobic capacity","Resting metabolism rate","Metabolic demand","Physical activity","Pre- and post-operative assessment","2024-08-02",{"date":718,"type":37},"2024-08-05",{"date":720,"type":37},"2023-05-01",{"date":722,"type":21},"2025-08-31",{"name":724,"class":44},"Academisch Ziekenhuis Maastricht"]