[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"pad---peripheral-arterial-disease\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:pad---peripheral-arterial-disease":27},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,7,0,[8,41,67,92,118,149,174],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":15,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":18,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":22,"briefSummary":24,"conditions":25,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":28,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":29,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":30,"startDateStruct":33,"completionDateStruct":35,"leadSponsor":37,"locationsCount":40},"100642091","home-based-lower-extremity-heat-therapy-for-walking-function-in-peripheral-artery-disease-100642091",false,"NCT07653243","Home-Based Lower-Extremity Heat Therapy for Walking Function in Peripheral Artery Disease","A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial of Home-Based Lower-Extremity Heat Therapy in Adults With Peripheral Artery Disease","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Men and women older than 50 years of age\n* Resting ankle-brachial index (ABI) of \\\u003C0.9 but \\>0.4 in at least one leg\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Critical limb ischemia (ischemic rest pain or ischemia-related, non-healing wounds or tissue loss\n* Prior amputation\n* Exercise-limiting comorbidity\n* Recent (\\\u003C3 months) lower-extremity revascularization or orthopedic surgery\n* Use of walking aid other than a cane\n* Active treatment for cancer\n* Chronic kidney disease (eGFR \\\u003C30 by MDRD or Mayo or Cockcroft-Gault formula)\n* Class 2 or 3 obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg\u002Fm2)\n* Unable to fit into water-circulating trousers","ALL","50 Years",{"count":19,"type":20},40,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[23],"NA","Lower-extremity peripheral artery disease is associated with impaired walking ability, reduced lower-extremity function, and decreased quality of life. This randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial will evaluate the effects of 12 weeks of home-based lower-extremity heat therapy on walking function and mobility in adults with peripheral artery disease.\n\nA total of 40 participants will be randomized to active lower-extremity heat therapy or sham therapy. Participants assigned to active therapy will complete daily 90-minute home treatment sessions using heated lower-extremity garments. Participants assigned to sham therapy will complete the same treatment schedule using a lower-temperature sham condition.\n\nThe primary outcome is the change in six-minute walk distance from baseline to 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes include changes in leg strength and fatigability, Short Physical Performance Battery score, blood pressure, and patient-reported quality of life.",[26,27],"PAD","PAD - Peripheral Arterial Disease","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-12",{"date":31,"type":32},"2026-06-17","ACTUAL",{"date":34,"type":20},"2027-01-01",{"date":36,"type":20},"2029-06-30",{"name":38,"class":39},"Aquilo Sports, LLC","INDUSTRY",1,{"id":42,"slug":43,"hasResults":11,"nctId":44,"briefTitle":45,"officialTitle":45,"acronym":46,"eligibilityCriteria":47,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":48,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":49,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":51,"briefSummary":52,"conditions":53,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":56,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":57,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":58,"startDateStruct":60,"completionDateStruct":62,"leadSponsor":64,"locationsCount":40},"100449578","examining-the-use-of-three-dimensional-ultrasound-in-the-assessment-of-vascular-pathologies-100449578","NCT05134311","Examining the Use of Three Dimensional Ultrasound in the Assessment of Vascular Pathologies","3D-US","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18 years of age or older\n* Suspected vascular insufficiency that requires ultrasound evaluation\n* Subject is able to sign a consent form\n* Scheduled ultrasound testing at the wound center to evaluate vasculature\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Younger than 18 years old\n* Subject is not scheduled to have ultrasound testing at the wound center\n* Subject is unable to or refuses to consent to participate","18 Years",{"count":50,"type":20},270,[23],"The ability to have a visual aid to depict areas of vascular disease that are affecting the patient's health can help in patient comprehension of the problem. This comprehension can lead to better understanding of the issue and increase patient compliance to treatment. The hand drawn sketch produced by the ultrasound technologist provides an inadequate visualization of the vascular insufficiency that is causing the patient's symptoms.\n\nPIUR imaging has developed PIUR Infinity tUS, a 3D freehand tomographic ultrasound system capable of rapid, safe and accurate reconstructive 3D quantifiable vascular imaging. This system will provide a low cost and reproducible imaging solution that will be an effective educational tool for people with vascular disease.",[27,54,55],"Vascular Diseases","Wounds","RECRUITING","2026-06-11",{"date":59,"type":32},"2026-06-15",{"date":61,"type":32},"2025-07-01",{"date":63,"type":20},"2028-09-01",{"name":65,"class":66},"Northwell Health","OTHER",{"id":68,"slug":69,"hasResults":11,"nctId":70,"briefTitle":71,"officialTitle":72,"acronym":73,"eligibilityCriteria":74,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":48,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":75,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":77,"briefSummary":78,"conditions":79,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":28,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":82,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":83,"startDateStruct":85,"completionDateStruct":87,"leadSponsor":89,"locationsCount":91},"100629005","cle-pad--prevalence-of-pad-in-patients-with-surgically-lumbar-spinal-stenosis-100629005","NCT07469020","CLE-PAD : Prevalence of PAD in Patients With Surgically Lumbar Spinal Stenosis","CLE-PAD : Prevalence of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease in Patients With Surgically Lumbar Spinal Stenosis","CLE-PAD","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Presenting with a lumbar spinal stenosis with surgical indication, either unoperated or operated on less than 3 months ago\n* Affiliated with a social security scheme\n* Having received oral and written information about the protocol and having signed a written consent form to participate in this research.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* emergency surgical care\n* Contraindication to contrast enhanced CT scan\n\n  * Stroke or myocardial infarction (MI) within the last 3 months\n  * Known severe or poorly tolerated arrhythmia\n  * Known severe or symptomatic left ventricular outflow obstruction\n  * Decompensated heart failure\n  * History within the last 3 months of venous thromboembolic disease, myopericarditis, endocarditis, aortic dissection or intracardiac thrombus\n  * Severe uncontrolled hypertension (BP \\> 200\u002F110 mmHg)\n  * Inability to walk on the treadmill\n  * Major lower limb amputation\n  * Adult subject to legal protection",{"count":76,"type":20},49,[23],"The goal of this interventional study is to evaluate the rate of existing lower limb peripheral artery disease (PAD) in patients with surgically lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). PAD and LSS can present similar symptoms and it can be difficult to diagnose PAD using conventional methods, depending on the location of the arterial disease. The main questions it aims to answer are :\n\n* What's the prevalence of PAD in LSS patients?\n* Which exam among routine tools is the most accurate to diagnose PAD in this population? Around their surgery for LSS (a few weeks before or after), participants will be included in a vascular medicine service. After checking of eligibility criteria, they will undergo a contrast-enhanced CT scan for the diagnosis of PAD and various routine diagnostic tests: Doppler ultrasound, treadmill tests, pressure index, pulse palpation.",[27,80,81],"Lumbar Spinal Stenosis","Lower Limb Arterial Disease","2026-03-09",{"date":84,"type":32},"2026-03-13",{"date":86,"type":20},"2026-05",{"date":88,"type":20},"2026-08",{"name":90,"class":66},"Rennes University Hospital",3,{"id":93,"slug":94,"hasResults":11,"nctId":95,"briefTitle":96,"officialTitle":97,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":98,"healthyVolunteers":99,"sex":16,"minAge":48,"maxAge":100,"enrollmentInfo":101,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":103,"phases":4,"briefSummary":104,"conditions":105,"keywords":106,"overallStatus":28,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":109,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":110,"startDateStruct":112,"completionDateStruct":114,"leadSponsor":116,"locationsCount":4},"100619662","non-invasive-msot-examination-of-muscle-oxygenation-in-athletes-and-pad-patients-100619662","NCT07347535","Non-invasive MSOT Examination of Muscle Oxygenation in Athletes and PAD Patients","Non-invasive Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Oxygenation in Athletes and Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease Using Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography During Standardized Physical Exercise","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 18 years (adults capable of giving consent)\n* Capacity to consent. The subjects are able to understand the information provided and give their written consent.\n* Belonging to one of the following cohorts:\n* Endurance athletes: at least 3× per week ≥ 60 minutes of intensive endurance training (e.g., running, cycling, swimming)\n* Strength athletes: at least 3× per week ≥ 60 minutes of intensive strength training without additional endurance training\n* Healthy control subjects: less than 2× per week \\\u003C 30 minutes of physical activity, no known vascular diseases\n* PAD patients: diagnosed peripheral arterial occlusive disease in Fontaine stage I or IIa Women of childbearing age with or without contraception may participate, as there are no risks of harm to the fetus.\n* Consent to pseudonymized data collection and storage in accordance with the GDPR.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age over 75 years\n* Minors (Age \\\u003C 18)\n* safety concerns on the part of the study physician, e.g., in the case of of: physical, mental or psychiatric illnesses, acute or chronic conditions that could jeopardise safety or data quality\n* Taking medications that could affect physical performance or physiological measurements (e.g., heart rate, oxygen uptake).\n* Pregnancy with known risks or complications (participation is possible in principle, but subject to individual medical review).\n* Refusal to participate or lack of informed consent.",true,"75 Years",{"count":102,"type":20},60,"OBSERVATIONAL","The aim of the study is to present the quantitative differences in oxygenated hemoglobin in different cohorts.\n\nThis clinical study evaluates whether there is a correlation between measurements using multispectral optoacoustic tomography and the results of spiroergometry in the context of performance diagnostics.",[27],[107,26,108],"MSOT","Spiroergometry","2026-01-14",{"date":111,"type":32},"2026-01-16",{"date":113,"type":20},"2026-01-01",{"date":115,"type":20},"2026-08-01",{"name":117,"class":66},"University Hospital Erlangen",{"id":119,"slug":120,"hasResults":11,"nctId":121,"briefTitle":122,"officialTitle":123,"acronym":124,"eligibilityCriteria":125,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":126,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":127,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":129,"briefSummary":130,"conditions":131,"keywords":134,"overallStatus":56,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":139,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":140,"startDateStruct":142,"completionDateStruct":144,"leadSponsor":146,"locationsCount":148},"100530101","sirolimus-coated-balloon-versus-standard-balloon-angioplasty-in-the-treatment-of-below-the-knee-arterial-disease-100530101","NCT06182397","Sirolimus Coated BALloon Versus Standard Balloon Angioplasty in The Treatment of Below The Knee Arterial Disease","MAGICAL BTK: Randomized Controlled Trial of MAGIcTouch - Sirolimus Coated BALloon Versus Standard Balloon Angioplasty in The Treatment of Below The Knee Arterial Disease","MAGICAL BTK","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Age ≥ 21 years or minimum age (is allowed the inclusion of subjects \\> 21 years OR adulthood minimum age (depending on the US state regulations)\n2. Rutherford class 4 with documented WIFI score, not exceeding more than 30% of target patient population.\n3. Rutherford class 5 to 6 in the target limb with documented WIFI score.\n\n   Intraoperative Inclusion Criteria:\n4. Single or sequential de novo or re-stenotic lesions (stenosis of \\> 50% or occlusions) from 2 to 20cm in the proximal 200mm of below the knee arteries. Lesion is considered as one lesion if there is maximum of 30 mm gap between lesions at discretion of investigator. Below the knee arteries are Tibio-peroneal trunk, Peroneal bifurcation, anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery. With documented Distal Run off a maximum of two tibial vessels can be treated in the index procedure. Inflow free from flow limiting lesions (\\\u003C50% stenosis) confirmed by duplex or angiography. Subjects with flow limiting inflow lesions (\\>50% stenosis) can be included if lesion had been treated successfully (\\\u003C30% residual stenosis) before or during the index procedure.\n5. Target vessel has angiographically documented unimpaired (\\\u003C50% stenosis) run off into a named Tibio-pedal artery (Peroneal, Anterior Tibial\u002F Dorsalis Pedis\u002F Posterior Tibial Artery)\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Comorbid conditions limiting life expectancy ≤ 1 year\n2. Subject is currently participating in another investigational drug or device study that has not reached first primary endpoint yet\n3. Subject is lactating, pregnant or planning to become pregnant during the course of the study\n4. Subject with extensive tissue loss salvageable only with complex foot reconstruction or non-traditional trans metatarsal amputation. This includes subjects with:\n\n   1. Osteomyelitis including and\u002For proximal to the metatarsal head\n   2. Gangrene involving the plantar skin of the forefoot, midfoot,or heel\n   3. Deep ulcer or large shallow ulcer (\\> 3 cm) involving the plantar skin of the forefoot, midfoot, or heel\n   4. Full thickness heel ulcer with\u002Fwithout calcaneal involvement\n   5. Any wound with calcaneal bone involvement\n   6. Wounds that are deemed to be neuropathic or non-ischemic in nature\n   7. Wounds that would require flap coverage or complex wound management for large soft tissue defect\n   8. Full thickness wounds on the dorsum of the foot with exposed tendon or bone\n5. Prior bypass surgery of target vessel\n6. Planned amputation of the target limb (major)\n7. Previously implanted stent in the target lesion\n8. Vulnerable or protected adults\n9. Bleeding diathesis or another disorder (i.e. gastrointestinal ulceration,etc) which would prevent the use of mandated antiplatelet agents\n10. Known allergy to sirolimus\n11. Subjects with severe (Stage 4) renal disease, defined eGFR \\\u003C 30.\n\n    Intraoperative exclusion criteria:\n12. Failure to successfully cross the target lesion with a guide wire\n13. Target vessel has lesions extending beyond the ankle joint\n14. Failure to obtain \\\u003C30% residual stenosis prior to randomization\n15. Lesions requiring treatment through retrograde access . Retrograde wire crossing is allowed but treatment must be performed from the antegrade approach.\n16. Use of commercially available DCBs, bare metal stents, drug eluting stents, specialty balloons or atherectomy devices at the target lesions. (Non-compliant balloons are not considered specialty balloons). For Inflow and non-target lesions all the approved devices are allowed.","21 Years",{"count":128,"type":20},368,[23],"This is a Pivotal, Prospective, randomized, two arm, placebo controlled, single-blind, multicenter trial that will be conducted at approximately 80 sites; approx. 50 sites with at least 50% of subjects will be recruited from USA and approx. 30 sites OUS - Europe, Australia and Asia. Each site will be capped at 30 maximum subjects recruited.\n\nThe main goal of this clinical trial is to determine the effectiveness and safety of the sirolimus drug coated balloon (DCB) versus standard percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for the treatment of below the knee arterial disease.\n\nEligible subjects will be randomised in a 1:1 allocation ratio and stratified by recruiting countries. Each subject will be randomized to receive either:\n\n1. MagicTouch PTA sirolimus coated balloon catheter (DCB) in addition to standard balloon angioplasty or\n2. Placebo balloon angioplasty in addition to standard balloon angioplasty (PTA).",[132,133,27],"Arterial Disease of Legs","Below-the-knee Obstruction",[135,136,137,138],"below the knee","PTA","Angioplasty","lower limb","2025-12-30",{"date":141,"type":32},"2026-01-02",{"date":143,"type":32},"2025-01-16",{"date":145,"type":20},"2031-02-01",{"name":147,"class":39},"Concept Medical Inc.",29,{"id":150,"slug":151,"hasResults":11,"nctId":152,"briefTitle":153,"officialTitle":154,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":155,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":48,"maxAge":156,"enrollmentInfo":157,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":158,"briefSummary":159,"conditions":160,"keywords":161,"overallStatus":56,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":165,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":166,"startDateStruct":168,"completionDateStruct":169,"leadSponsor":171,"locationsCount":173},"100602977","distrupt-stiffness-trial-100602977","NCT07130526","Distrupt Stiffness Trial","Trial to Investigate the Shockwave Intravascular Lithotripsy (IVL) on Vascular Compliance in Heavily Calcified Femoropopliteal Disease (PACSS 2-4)","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Peripheral artery disease\n* Severe Calcification PACCS 2,3 and 4\n* Target lesions in distal EIA, CFA, prox. SFA or PA\n* Clinical diagnosis of chronic, symptomatic lower limb ischemia as defined by Rutherford 2, 3, 4 and 5\n* Planed peripheral intervention TASC A-D\n* Subject must be between 18 and 85 years old\n* Willing to comply with the specified follow-up evaluation\n* Written informed consent prior to any study procedures\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Target lesions with no optimal visualization in ultrasound\n* Instent-Restenosis\n* Thrombolysis within 72 hours prior to the index procedure\n* Aneurysm formations in the femoral artery or popliteal artery\n* Concomitant hepatic insufficiency, deep venous thrombus, coagulation disorder or receiving immunosuppressant therapy\n* Unstable angina pectoris at the time of the enrolment\n* Recent myocardial infarction or stroke \\\u003C 30 days prior to the index procedure\n* Life expectancy less than 12 months\n* Septicemia at the time of enrolment\n* Known or suspected active infection at the time of the index procedure, excluding an infection of a lower extremity wound of the target limb\n* Known or suspected allergies or contraindications to aspirin, clopidogrel or heparin","85 Years",{"count":19,"type":20},[23],"Typical symptoms of PAD include exercise-induced pain in the legs (known as intermittent claudication), which can significantly limit pain-free walking. In more advanced stages, pain may also occur at rest. Additionally, the development of chronic, hard-to-heal wounds-especially on the feet and toes-is possible. These wound healing impairments are caused by the insufficient supply of oxygen and nutrients to the affected tissues.\n\nThe underlying cause of PAD is usually atherosclerosis, a pathological change in the vessel walls due to the accumulation of fats, calcium, and connective tissue. These deposits lead to stiffening and narrowing of the arteries, severely restricting blood flow. Major risk factors for the development of PAD include widespread chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia (elevated blood lipid levels, e.g., cholesterol), arterial hypertension (high blood pressure), obesity, and tobacco use.\n\nVarious therapeutic options are available for the treatment of PAD. In addition to conservative therapy (such as supervised exercise training, pharmacological blood thinning, and risk factor management), interventional, minimally invasive treatment using catheter-based techniques is frequently employed. In such procedures, a thin catheter is guided through the vascular system to the affected area of the leg artery. Depending on the type and extent of the arterial narrowing or calcification, one of the following techniques may be applied:\n\nBalloon angioplasty: Dilation of the vessel using an inflatable balloon. Lithoplasty: Application of shockwaves to break down calcifications in the arterial wall.",[27,26],[162,163,164],"pad","peripheral artery disease","intravascular lithotripsy","2025-08-15",{"date":167,"type":32},"2025-08-19",{"date":61,"type":32},{"date":170,"type":20},"2026-06-20",{"name":172,"class":66},"University Hospital, Essen",2,{"id":175,"slug":176,"hasResults":11,"nctId":177,"briefTitle":178,"officialTitle":179,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":180,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":181,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":182,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":184,"briefSummary":185,"conditions":186,"keywords":188,"overallStatus":56,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":194,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":195,"startDateStruct":197,"completionDateStruct":199,"leadSponsor":201,"locationsCount":40},"100423320","oral-absorbent-and-probiotics-in-ckd-patients-with-pad-on-gut-microbiota-incrna-metabolome-and-vascular-function-100423320","NCT04792320","Oral Absorbent and Probiotics in CKD Patients With PAD on Gut Microbiota, IncRNA, Metabolome, and Vascular Function","Therapeutic Impact of Oral Uremic Toxin Absorbent and Probiotics in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease--- on Gut Microbiota, Circulating Long Noncoding RNA, Metabolome, and Vascular Function","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nI. CKD\u002FPAD group Patients (Group I)\n\n1. Age \\> 20 years old on the day of screening.\n2. CKD patients with eGFR 15 \\\u003C eGFR \\\u003C 60 ml\u002Fmin\u002F1.73m2 in a stable status, creatinine elevated less than 0.3 mg\u002FdL in at least 30 days before enrollment.\n3. Symptomatic PAD with Rutherford Stage ≥ 2 and ABI ≤ 0.9 (or documented by CT-angio, vascular duplex, etc.). II. non-CKD\u002FPAD group Patients (Group II)\n\n1\\. Age \\> 20 years old on the day of screening. 2.With eGFR \\> 60 ml\u002Fmin\u002F1.73m2 3.No clinical PAD.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Baseline estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) \\\u003C 15 ml\u002Fmin\u002F1.73m2 according to MDRD equation.\n2. Patients in severe malnutrition status, albumin less than 2.0 g\u002FdL\n3. Patients in severe anemia or active gastrointestinal bleeding with hemoglobulin \\\u003C 8 g\u002FdL.\n4. Peptic ulcer, esophageal varices, ileus or under fasting status\n5. Previous gastrointestinal operation.\n6. Chronic constipation, as defined with less than 3 bowel movements per week, straining, hard stools, incomplete evacuation and inability to pass stool. If usage of oral laxatives can achieve bowel movement, this patient will not be excluded.\n7. Patients with major hemorrhage, as defined with acute hemorrhage and requirement of blood transfusion during index admission.\n8. Patients with a biopsy proved or clinically diagnosed advanced liver cirrhosis, Child classification B or C.\n9. Solid organ or hematological transplantation recipients.\n10. Patients with oliguric kidney injury, as defined with less than 500 cc\u002Fday.\n11. Evidence of obstructive kidney injury or polycystic kidney disease.\n12. Antibiotics or probiotics treatment within the last 2 weeks before enrollment and during follow-up period.\n13. Presence or history of malignant neoplasms within the past 5 years prior to the day of screening.\n14. Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.\n15. Patients with recent acute coronary syndrome, acute myocardial infarction, or severe heart failure.","20 Years",{"count":183,"type":20},180,[23],"Taiwan has more chronic kidney disease (CKD) per capita than anywhere in the world, leading to the highest expense of National Health Insurance. By reviewing previous studies, uremic toxins contribute critically to the detrimental effects of CKD on atherosclerotic peripheral artery disease (PAD). When recognized early and managed appropriately, mortality and complications of the participants with CKD and established PAD can be minimized. It is critical to identify novel biomarkers and mediators, which can help identify those with potential poor outcomes and facilitate the discovery\u002Fdevelopment of novel therapeutics for the patients with CKD and PAD. The OMICs studies support the theory that gut microbiome is a major contributor to adverse cardiovascular outcomes and progression of CKD. However, successful integration of multi-omics approach remains sparse. There is no report on the impact of gut microbiota on the host circulating long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression signature, other CAD\u002FPAD potential marker, and the potential link between gut microbiota, circulating lncRNA levels changes and CKD\u002FPAD. Additionally, although numerous studies indicated that probiotics or activated charcoal have benefits for CKD patients, few studies evaluated the effect of coadministration of activated charcoal\u002Fprobiotics on the patients with CKD\u002FPAD. The mechanisms of therapeutic effect on CKD\u002FPAD patients with coadministration of activated charcoal\u002Fprobiotics involving the cross talk among host, microbiota and metabolites still remain unclear. Thus, in the present study, investigators aim to develop novel diagnostic\u002Fprognostic markers and a new treatment with activated bamboo charcoal (ABC)\u002Fprobiotics for therapeutic opportunities to prevent cardiovascular complications, amputation and death in CKD patients with established PAD. To identify the diagnostic\u002Fprognostic markers, the multi-omics (microbolome and metabolome) and lncRNA will be analyzed. The therapeutic impact of activated bamboo charcoal (ABC)\u002Fprobiotics with optimal formulation, on the renal\u002Fendothelial\u002Fvascular function, cardiovascular (CV) outcome and mortality in CKD patients with PAD will be also determined to evaluate its therapeutic opportunities.",[187,27],"CKD",[187,27,189,190,191,192,193],"bamboo charcoal probiotics","LncRNA","microbolomics","metabolomics","probiotics","2025-07-16",{"date":196,"type":32},"2025-07-18",{"date":198,"type":32},"2020-06-19",{"date":200,"type":20},"2030-04-30",{"name":202,"class":66},"National Taiwan University Hospital"]