[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"phantom-limb-pain-after-amputation\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:phantom-limb-pain-after-amputation":29},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,8,0,[8,51,85,108,129,158,194,223],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":15,"eligibilityCriteria":16,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":20,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":24,"briefSummary":26,"conditions":27,"keywords":32,"overallStatus":39,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":40,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":41,"startDateStruct":44,"completionDateStruct":46,"leadSponsor":47,"locationsCount":50},"100640546","ultrasound-guided-platelet-rich-plasma-versus-local-anesthetic-injection-for-chronic-neuroma-pain-after-combat-related-amputation-100640546",false,"NCT07624890","Ultrasound-Guided Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Local Anesthetic Injection for Chronic Neuroma Pain After Combat-Related Amputation","Ultrasound-Guided Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Local Anesthetic Injection for Chronic Neuroma Pain After Combat-Related Amputation: A Prospective Multicenter Controlled Study","PRP-NEUROMA","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥18 years\n* Combat-related limb amputation\n* Chronic neuroma pain lasting ≥3 months\n* Ultrasound-confirmed painful neuroma\n* Average neuroma pain intensity ≥4\u002F10 on the Numeric Rating Scale\n* Persistent pain interfering with rehabilitation, prosthesis use, or daily activities\n* Ability to undergo ultrasound-guided injection\n* Stable analgesic regimen for at least 14 days before enrollment\n* Ability to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Active infection at or near the injection site\n* Open wound preventing safe injection\n* Previous PRP injection for neuroma pain within 6 months\n* Previous neuroma surgery within 3 months\n* Severe coagulopathy or platelet disorder\n* Anticoagulant therapy contraindicating injection\n* Active malignancy\n* Severe uncontrolled systemic disease\n* Known allergy to local anesthetics\n* Inability to complete follow-up assessments","ALL","18 Years","60 Years",{"count":21,"type":22},100,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[25],"NA","Patients with combat-related amputations frequently experience chronic neuroma pain that may interfere with rehabilitation, prosthesis use, mobility, sleep, and quality of life. Current treatment approaches often provide only temporary pain relief.\n\nPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a potential regenerative treatment option because of its possible effects on tissue healing, neuroinflammation, and peripheral nerve irritation. However, its role in the treatment of chronic neuroma pain after amputation remains unclear.\n\nThis prospective multicenter controlled study aims to compare ultrasound-guided PRP injection around the neuroma with ultrasound-guided local anesthetic injection in patients with chronic neuroma pain after combat-related amputation.\n\nParticipants will undergo one of the two injection treatments and will be followed over time to evaluate changes in pain intensity, neuropathic pain symptoms, phantom limb pain, prosthesis tolerance, and functional outcomes.\n\nThe goal of the study is to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and potential clinical effectiveness of PRP injection for chronic neuroma pain following combat-related amputation.",[28,29,30,31],"Neuroma","Phantom Limb Pain After Amputation","Stump Pain","Platelet-rich Plasma (PRP)",[33,34,35,36,37,38],"Chronic Neuroma Pain","Residual Limb Pain","Combat-Related Amputation","Post-Amputation Pain Syndrome","Painful Stump Neuroma","Platelet-rich plasma","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-05-30",{"date":42,"type":43},"2026-06-03","ACTUAL",{"date":45,"type":22},"2026-12-15",{"date":45,"type":22},{"name":48,"class":49},"Ukrainian Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Therapy","OTHER",2,{"id":52,"slug":53,"hasResults":11,"nctId":54,"briefTitle":55,"officialTitle":56,"acronym":57,"eligibilityCriteria":58,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":59,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":61,"phases":4,"briefSummary":62,"conditions":63,"keywords":69,"overallStatus":39,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":76,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":77,"startDateStruct":79,"completionDateStruct":81,"leadSponsor":82,"locationsCount":84},"100629532","negative-pressure-wound-therapy-as-a-predictor-of-persistent-pain-after-war-related-trauma-100629532","NCT07475897","Negative Pressure Wound Therapy as a Predictor of Persistent Pain After War-Related Trauma","Negative Pressure Wound Therapy as a Predictor of Persistent Pain After War-Related Trauma: A Prospective Cohort Study","NPWT-Pain Stud","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* age ≥18 years\n* war-related trauma (blast injury, fragmentation injury, gunshot wound, burn injury, or crush injury)\n* traumatic soft tissue injury requiring surgical management\n* ability to provide informed consent\n* availability for follow-up assessments\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* chronic pain in the same anatomical region prior to injury\n* severe cognitive impairment preventing pain assessment\n* inability to communicate or complete questionnaires\n* refusal to participate\n* incomplete baseline data or loss to follow-up",{"count":60,"type":22},150,"OBSERVATIONAL","War-related trauma frequently causes complex soft tissue injuries that require repeated surgical treatment and advanced wound management techniques such as Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT). Although NPWT is widely used to promote wound healing and prepare wounds for reconstruction, its relationship with long-term pain outcomes remains unclear.\n\nThis prospective cohort study aims to investigate whether the use of NPWT after war-related trauma is associated with an increased risk of persistent post-traumatic pain six months after injury. Adult patients with traumatic soft tissue injuries requiring surgical management will be enrolled and followed for six months.\n\nIn addition to NPWT exposure, the study will evaluate several early clinical predictors of chronic pain, including acute pain intensity, number of surgical debridements, suspected nerve injury, and mechanism of trauma. Understanding these predictors may help clinicians identify high-risk patients early and develop targeted strategies for pain prevention and rehabilitation after severe trauma.",[29,64,65,66,67,68],"Chronic Pain Due to Injury","Postoperative Pain","Trauma (Including Fractures)","Amputation Stump","Amputation Stump; Infection",[70,71,72,73,74,75],"Negative Pressure Wound Therapy","War-related trauma","Post-traumatic pain","Neuropathic pain","Chronic pain after trauma","Soft tissue injury","2026-03-16",{"date":78,"type":43},"2026-03-18",{"date":80,"type":22},"2026-03-15",{"date":80,"type":22},{"name":83,"class":49},"Charitable Organisation Charitable Fund Superhumans (Co Cf Superhumans)",1,{"id":86,"slug":87,"hasResults":11,"nctId":88,"briefTitle":89,"officialTitle":90,"acronym":91,"eligibilityCriteria":92,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":93,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":61,"phases":4,"briefSummary":94,"conditions":95,"keywords":99,"overallStatus":39,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":76,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":104,"startDateStruct":105,"completionDateStruct":106,"leadSponsor":107,"locationsCount":84},"100629530","tourniquet-exposure-and-risk-of-chronic-pain-after-severe-limb-trauma-100629530","NCT07475871","Tourniquet Exposure and Risk of Chronic Pain After Severe Limb Trauma","Tourniquet Exposure and Risk of Chronic Pain After Severe Limb Trauma: A Prospective Cohort Study","TOURNI-PAIN","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥18 years\n* Severe upper or lower limb trauma\n* Documented tourniquet use (prehospital or in-hospital)\n* Available documentation of tourniquet duration\n* Informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pre-existing chronic limb pain\n* Known severe peripheral neuropathy\n* Cognitive inability to complete follow-up\n* Expected survival \\\u003C48 hours",{"count":60,"type":22},"Severe limb trauma often requires the use of a tourniquet to stop life-threatening bleeding. While tourniquets are essential for saving lives, prolonged interruption of blood flow may lead to tissue ischemia, nerve injury, and inflammatory responses that could contribute to the development of chronic pain.\n\nThe TOURNI-PAIN Study is a prospective observational study designed to investigate whether the duration of tourniquet use during the treatment of severe limb injuries is associated with an increased risk of persistent pain after recovery. The study will enroll adult patients with major upper or lower limb trauma who required tourniquet application in the prehospital or hospital setting.\n\nResearchers will collect information about the duration and characteristics of tourniquet use, details of the injury, surgical treatment, and recovery. Participants will be followed for up to 6 months after injury to assess pain levels, possible neuropathic pain, functional recovery, and quality of life.\n\nThe goal of this research is to better understand whether longer tourniquet exposure increases the risk of long-term pain. The findings may help improve trauma care practices by balancing the life-saving benefits of hemorrhage control with strategies that minimize long-term complications and improve recovery for patients with severe limb injuries.",[96,97,29,98],"Pain","Pain After Surgery","Military Combat Stress Reaction",[100,101,102,103],"Tourniquet","Chronic Pain","Phantom Limb Pain","Trauma Rehabilitation",{"date":78,"type":43},{"date":80,"type":22},{"date":80,"type":22},{"name":83,"class":49},{"id":109,"slug":110,"hasResults":11,"nctId":111,"briefTitle":112,"officialTitle":113,"acronym":114,"eligibilityCriteria":115,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":19,"enrollmentInfo":116,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":61,"phases":4,"briefSummary":117,"conditions":118,"keywords":120,"overallStatus":39,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":76,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":125,"startDateStruct":126,"completionDateStruct":127,"leadSponsor":128,"locationsCount":84},"100629533","venous-thromboembolism-and-chronic-pain-after-major-limb-trauma-100629533","NCT07475910","Venous Thromboembolism and Chronic Pain After Major Limb Trauma","Venous Thromboembolism and Chronic Pain After Major Limb Trauma: A Prospective Cohort Study","THROMBO-PAIN","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥18 years\n* Major upper or lower limb trauma\n* Surgical treatment and\u002For immobilization ≥72 hours\n* Enrollment within 72 hours of admission\n* Informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pre-existing chronic pain unrelated to trauma (investigator judgment)\n* Therapeutic anticoagulation prior to trauma\n* Cognitive inability to complete follow-up\n* Expected survival \\\u003C48 hours",{"count":60,"type":22},"Major limb trauma is associated with a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to systemic inflammation, endothelial injury, immobilization, and hypercoagulability. While VTE is commonly studied as a short-term complication affecting morbidity and mortality, its potential relationship with long-term pain outcomes after trauma has not been well investigated.\n\nThis prospective observational cohort study aims to evaluate whether objectively confirmed VTE is associated with an increased risk of persistent clinically significant pain after major limb trauma. Adult patients with severe upper or lower limb injuries requiring surgical treatment or prolonged immobilization will be enrolled within 72 hours of hospital admission and followed for six months.\n\nThe study will assess whether patients who develop VTE have a higher likelihood of persistent pain compared with those without VTE. In addition, the study will explore the association between baseline VTE risk (using the Trauma Embolic Scoring System, TESS), thromboprophylaxis timing, and long-term pain outcomes. Secondary analyses will evaluate neuropathic pain symptoms, pain interference with daily activities, quality of life, opioid consumption, and functional recovery.\n\nUnderstanding the relationship between thromboembolic complications and persistent pain may help improve risk stratification, optimize thromboprophylaxis strategies, and support early rehabilitation planning in patients with major limb trauma.",[119,29,101,64],"VTE (Venous Thromboembolism)",[121,122,73,123,124],"Venous thromboembolism","Post-traumatic chronic pain","Major limb trauma","Trauma Embolic Scoring System (TESS)",{"date":78,"type":43},{"date":80,"type":22},{"date":80,"type":22},{"name":83,"class":49},{"id":130,"slug":131,"hasResults":11,"nctId":132,"briefTitle":133,"officialTitle":134,"acronym":135,"eligibilityCriteria":136,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":137,"enrollmentInfo":138,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":139,"briefSummary":140,"conditions":141,"keywords":143,"overallStatus":39,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":151,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":152,"startDateStruct":154,"completionDateStruct":156,"leadSponsor":157,"locationsCount":84},"100626154","silencing-neuroma-pain-botulinum-toxin-versus-local-anesthetic-injection-100626154","NCT07431944","Silencing Neuroma Pain-Botulinum Toxin Versus Local Anesthetic Injection","SILENCE-NEUROMA Trial: Silencing Neuroma Pain-Botulinum Toxin Versus Local Anesthetic Injection in a Randomized Controlled Trial","SILENCE-NEUROM","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥18 years\n* History of limb trauma and\u002For limb amputation at least 3 months prior to enrollment\n* Clinical diagnosis of neuroma-related pain with focal tenderness and positive - - Tinel sign\n* Imaging confirmation of neuroma by ultrasound or MRI\n* Average pain intensity ≥4 on a 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) during the week prior to screening\n* Stable analgesic regimen for at least 14 days prior to enrollment\n* Ability to provide written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Chronic pain condition unrelated to neuroma that predominates clinical symptoms\n* infection at or near the planned injection site\n* Known neuromuscular junction disorders (e.g., myasthenia gravis)\n* Pregnancy or breastfeeding\n* Botulinum toxin treatment within the previous 4-6 months\n* Planned surgical neuroma revision during the study period\n* allergy or hypersensitivity to botulinum toxin or local anesthetics","50 Years",{"count":21,"type":22},[25],"Neuroma-related pain is a frequent and disabling condition after limb trauma and amputation. Available treatments often provide short-lasting or insufficient analgesia. The SILENCE-NEUROMA Trial is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study designed to compare the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A versus local anesthetic injection for the treatment of neuroma-related pain. The primary outcome is pain reduction at 8 weeks after treatment.",[142,96,102,29],"Pain Management",[144,145,146,147,148,149,150],"Neuroma pain","Local anesthetic","Chronic pain","Limb trauma","Amputation","Botulinum toxin","Ultrasound-guided injection","2026-02-21",{"date":153,"type":43},"2026-02-25",{"date":155,"type":22},"2026-02-15",{"date":45,"type":22},{"name":83,"class":49},{"id":159,"slug":160,"hasResults":11,"nctId":161,"briefTitle":162,"officialTitle":163,"acronym":164,"eligibilityCriteria":165,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":166,"enrollmentInfo":167,"targetDuration":169,"studyType":61,"phases":4,"briefSummary":170,"conditions":171,"keywords":175,"overallStatus":184,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":185,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":186,"startDateStruct":188,"completionDateStruct":190,"leadSponsor":192,"locationsCount":84},"100625250","evaluation-of-rpni-for-symptomatic-neuromas-in-lower-limb-amputees-100625250","NCT07420192","Evaluation of RPNI for Symptomatic Neuromas in Lower Limb Amputees","The Effect of Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) Surgery on Neuropathic Pain and Functional Outcomes in Major Lower Extremity Amputations","RPNI-AMPUTEE","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age: Adults aged 18 to 70 years.\n* Amputation Status: Unilateral major lower extremity amputation (Transtibial, Transfemoral, or Knee Disarticulation).\n* Radiological Baseline: Absence of Heterotopic Ossification (HO) in the residual limb, confirmed by pre-operative X-rays (Walter Reed Classification Grade 0).\n* Diagnosis: Confirmed diagnosis of \"Symptomatic Neuroma\" validated by the Clinical Triad:\n\n  1. Neuropathic Pain: DN4 Questionnaire score ≥ 4.\n  2. Pain Intensity: Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score ≥ 4.\n  3. Physical Exam: Positive Tinel's sign or palpation tenderness at a specific trigger point.\n  4. Radiology: Diagnostic Ultrasound visualization of the neuroma bulb.\n* Surgical Indication: Scheduled for RPNI surgery as part of the routine standard of care treatment protocol due to prosthesis intolerance or severe pain.\n* Consent: Willing and able to provide informed consent and attend follow-up visits.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* CRPS: Diagnosis of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS Type 1 or 2).\n* Concurrent Bone Surgery: Patients requiring simultaneous stump revision surgery (e.g., bone shortening, osteotomy, spur excision) or having existing HO (Walter Reed Grade \\> 0).\n* Systemic Conditions: Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HbA1c \\> 8.5%) or severe peripheral arterial disease compromising wound healing.\n* Cognitive Status: Cognitive impairment or psychiatric conditions preventing reliable completion of patient-reported outcome measures (PEQ, DN4).\n* History: Previous RPNI surgery at the same site (Recurrent RPNI cases).","70 Years",{"count":168,"type":22},20,"24 Months","This prospective, observational cohort study evaluates the long-term outcomes of Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) surgery in patients with major lower extremity amputations suffering from symptomatic neuromas. RPNI is a surgical technique where the transected nerve end is implanted into a free autologous muscle graft to serve as a physiological target for reinnervation. The study aims to objectively assess the reduction in mechanical hypersensitivity using Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) measurements via a digital algometer. Additionally, it monitors subjective neuropathic pain levels, functional mobility, and prosthesis satisfaction over a 24-month follow-up period compared to pre-operative baselines.",[172,29,34,173,174],"Symptomatic Neuroma","Neuropathic Pain","Lower Extremity Amputations",[176,177,178,179,180,181,182,183],"RPNI","Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface","Pressure Pain Threshold","PPT","Algometry","Prosthesis Satisfaction","Viscero-Somatic Convergence","Phantom Motor Execution","RECRUITING","2026-02-12",{"date":187,"type":43},"2026-02-19",{"date":189,"type":43},"2026-01-20",{"date":191,"type":22},"2030-03",{"name":193,"class":49},"Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi",{"id":195,"slug":196,"hasResults":11,"nctId":197,"briefTitle":198,"officialTitle":199,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":200,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":201,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":202,"briefSummary":203,"conditions":204,"keywords":208,"overallStatus":184,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":214,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":215,"startDateStruct":217,"completionDateStruct":219,"leadSponsor":221,"locationsCount":84},"100617860","clinical-application-observation-on-the-evaluation-of-phantom-limb-pain-with-the-suralis-system-100617860","NCT07324109","Clinical Application Observation on the Evaluation of Phantom Limb Pain With the Suralis System","Clinical Application Observation: Evaluation of Phantom Limb Pain After 3 Weeks of Use of a Feedback System Using Vibration (Suralis, Manufacturer: Saphenus)","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Unilateral major lower-limb amputation (transtibial or transfemoral)\n* Presence of persistent phantom limb pain, defined as daily pain intensity ≥ 3\u002F10 on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) during the baseline period\n* Regular daily use of a prosthetic limb (minimum 4 hours\u002Fday)\n* Adequate German language proficiency to understand and complete study questionnaires and follow study procedures\n* Ability to provide informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Unstable wound or skin condition at the residual limb\n* Inconsistent prosthetic use (less than daily or \\\u003C 4 hours\u002Fday)\n* Poorly fitting or non-functional prosthesis (as determined by study team)\n* Incapacity to provide informed consent (e.g., due to cognitive impairment or severe psychiatric illness)\n* Insufficient German language skills to comprehend study materials or complete assessments reliably",{"count":168,"type":22},[25],"This study tests whether a vibration-based feedback device (Suralis) can reduce phantom limb pain in people with lower-leg amputations over 3 weeks. Participants wear the device daily and report pain levels, walking ability, and quality of life - with no known risks, as it's a CE-certified medical device. If pain improves, the study team will help participants apply for insurance coverage to keep using the system long-term. The goal is to offer a simple, non-drug option that may help ease chronic pain and improve daily function for amputees. Participation is voluntary and can be stopped anytime without affecting medical care.",[29,205,206,207],"Lower Limb Amputation Above Knee","Lower Limb Amputation Below Knee","Lower Limb Amputation Knee",[209,210,211,212,213],"Phantom limb pain","Vibrotactile feedback","Lower limb amputation","Suralis system","Pain management","2025-12-23",{"date":216,"type":43},"2026-01-07",{"date":218,"type":43},"2025-04-01",{"date":220,"type":22},"2026-07-31",{"name":222,"class":49},"Median",{"id":224,"slug":225,"hasResults":11,"nctId":226,"briefTitle":227,"officialTitle":228,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":229,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":17,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":230,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":232,"briefSummary":233,"conditions":234,"keywords":235,"overallStatus":184,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":243,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":244,"startDateStruct":246,"completionDateStruct":248,"leadSponsor":250,"locationsCount":252},"100603666","preventing-chronification-of-phantom-limb-pain-through-mirror-therapy-in-conjunction-with-tdcs-100603666","NCT07139483","Preventing Chronification of Phantom Limb Pain Through Mirror Therapy in Conjunction With tDCS","Preventing Chronification of Phantom Limb Pain Through Mirror Therapy in Conjunction With Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults (age ≥18);\n* Amputation of a single limb ≤12 weeks ago; during this period of time, 80% of amputees develop PLP. Both upper and lower limb amputees are included to increase feasibility;\n* Acute PLP stage (2 weeks since first report), with intensity ≥3 on a 0-10 VAS;\n* No change in medication in past week, excluding pro re nata analgesics;\n* Can understand the study's purpose and instructions;\n* Agrees to participate and to provide written informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Stump wound not healed;\n* Other psychological, psychiatric, or neurological conditions;\n* Contraindications for tDCS or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (MRI data will not be analyzed in the proposed PhD project), including previous seizure, loss of consciousness due to head injury, metal in the head, implanted devices, claustrophobia, a skin condition or an unhealed wound on the scalp, and possibility of being pregnant;\n* Inability to provide informed consent or understand or carry out the experiment.",{"count":231,"type":22},108,[25],"Background: Most amputees experience phantom limb pain (PLP), for years after amputation. Virtually all PLP research to date has focused on the mechanisms of chronic PLP, ignoring the mechanisms of chronification. This research project will focus on combined neuromodulatory interventions of mirror therapy (MT) and trans direct-cranial stimulation (tDCS), applied for the first time at the acute state of PLP, with an aim to prevent its chronification and chronicity. In PLP, maladaptive plasticity associated with sensory deafferentation following an amputation is one of the contributors for excessive pain.\n\nMT is a well-accepted yet limited option, which is thought to counterbalance abnormal plasticity. tDCS is an emerging approach believed to affect the membrane potential and activity threshold of cortical neurons. tDCS analgesic effectiveness, however, is mild and short, rendering it a noneffective stand-alone treatment. The researchers' objectives are to investigate whether the combined therapy of MT and tDCS will prevent chronic PLP and improve its related clinical characteristics. In addition, the researchers will investigate the behavioral manifestations effects of the combined treatment. The investigators expect that the combined treatment applied at the acute stage of PLP will have synergistic effects on PLP intensity and thus avert its chronification. In addition, it will reduce phantom sensations, and negative affect, and will improve the sense of body ownership and agency and endogenous inhibition efficiency.\n\nResearch design: This randomized-controlled double-blinded study will be held at Israel's 3 largest rehabilitation centers. The study consists of 3 randomized patient arms (36 in each): (1) no-intervention, natural-course group; (2) MT + sham tDCS; (3) MT + real tDCS.\n\nMT and tDCS neuromodulatory interferences will be self-administered and consist of 20 sessions, completed during 4 weeks. The researchers outcome measures include: primary outcome: pain intensity, network-related behavioral markers, and amputation-related clinical characteristics. The data gathered will be collected at 5 timepoints.\n\nResearch novelty and innovation: The researchers proposed model will provide insights on the prevention of PLP and, potentially, other neurological pathologies involving the dysfunction of sensory systems and integration and body perception.",[29],[236,237,238,239,240,241,242,102],"PLP","Phantom sensation","telescoping","amputation","tDCS","MT","Maladaptive plasticity","2025-09-01",{"date":245,"type":43},"2025-09-08",{"date":247,"type":43},"2025-03-25",{"date":249,"type":22},"2029-03",{"name":251,"class":49},"University of Haifa",3]