[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"postoperative-pain-acute\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:postoperative-pain-acute":29},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":7,"results":8},null,26,0,25,[9,47,77,107,133,165,194,220,243,263,291,317,344,370,391,418,444,473,496,516,538,563,584,605,630],{"id":10,"slug":11,"hasResults":12,"nctId":13,"briefTitle":14,"officialTitle":15,"acronym":16,"eligibilityCriteria":17,"healthyVolunteers":18,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":21,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":24,"briefSummary":26,"conditions":27,"keywords":30,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":36,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":37,"startDateStruct":40,"completionDateStruct":42,"leadSponsor":44,"locationsCount":4},"100598188","phase-2-rectus-sheath-trial-100598188",false,"NCT07068243","REctus Sheath Trial","Transverse Versus Longitudinal Approaches for Rectus Sheath Block: a Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Volunteers","REST","Inclusion criteria:\n\n1. Ability to provide written informed consent\n2. Ability and willingness to comply with the study procedures and duration requirements\n3. ASA physical status 1 or 2\n4. Age ≥ 18 years\n5. Weight \\> 60kg\n\nExclusion criteria:\n\n1. BMI \\> 40kg.m-2\n2. Use of analgesics within 24 hours before the procedure\n3. History of abdominal trauma or surgery\n4. Abdominal deformities or abnormalities that may prevent proper block performance\n5. Abdominal tattoos in the supraumbilical area\n6. Systemic neuromuscular disease\n7. Contraindications to regional anesthesia (e.g., infection, allergy)\n8. Structures are unable to be visualized by ultrasound\n9. Pregnancy\n10. Other known health conditions that would affect the participant's ability to successfully complete the study",true,"ALL","18 Years",{"count":7,"type":22},"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[25],"PHASE2","Regional anesthesia techniques (or nerve blocks) are used to provide sensory blockade over the abdominal wall. The most established technique is thoracic epidural. This provides bilateral spread but is also associated with neuraxial complications, which has led to a decrease in clinical usage. The rectus sheath block (RSB) is an established regional anesthesia technique used to provide somatic analgesia to the midline anterior abdominal wall by depositing local anesthetic in the posterior rectus sheath, thereby targeting the terminal anterior branches of the lower thoracic intercostal nerves. The conventional approach involves placing the ultrasound (US) probe transversely across the rectus abdominis muscle and advancing the needle in-plane either lateral-to-medial or medial-to-lateral. While this technique achieves spread within the sheath, the cephalocaudal distribution of local anesthetic may be suboptimal, potentially limiting the extent of dermatomal coverage. A longitudinal probe orientation, with needle insertion from cephalad to caudad, may theoretically facilitate a more extensive cranio-caudal spread by aligning the injection axis with the anatomical fascial plane of the posterior rectus sheath. However, the relative efficacy of these two approaches has not been investigated in a controlled, comparative setting. Thus, this randomized, single-blinded trial aims to evaluate the dermatomal sensory distribution and ultrasound-assessed local anesthetic spread achieved by the transverse versus longitudinal in-plane approaches to ultrasound-guided RSB in healthy adult volunteers. To compare the dermatomal sensory block distribution, investigators will use dermatomal mapping with pinprick, and cold.",[28,29],"Acute Pain","Postoperative Pain, Acute",[31,32,33,34],"Rectus Sheath Block","Abdominal Block","Fascial Plane Block","RSB","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-16",{"date":38,"type":39},"2026-06-17","ACTUAL",{"date":41,"type":22},"2026-09",{"date":43,"type":22},"2027-04",{"name":45,"class":46},"Duke University","OTHER",{"id":48,"slug":49,"hasResults":12,"nctId":50,"briefTitle":51,"officialTitle":52,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":53,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":54,"maxAge":55,"enrollmentInfo":56,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":58,"briefSummary":60,"conditions":61,"keywords":65,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":68,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":69,"startDateStruct":71,"completionDateStruct":73,"leadSponsor":75,"locationsCount":4},"100643545","the-use-of-a-comfort-tote-to-improve-recovery-in-pediatric-and-adolescent-patients-after-surgery-100643545","NCT07632833","The Use of a Comfort Tote to Improve Recovery in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients After Surgery","The Use of the Comfort Tote Following Posterior Spinal Fusion for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: a Randomized Controlled Trial Pilot Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients of all genders, racial, and ethnic groups aged between 10 and 21 that have had been diagnosed with AIS requiring surgical correction with PSF.\n* Patients must be scheduled to undergo PSF at Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of NYP.\n* The patients and their parent(s)\u002Flegal guardian(s) must also provide informed consent, for those under 18 years old.\n* The patient population will include mental health conditions such as anxiety and\u002For depression and all surgery levels.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients who have had growing rods and revisions, those who have local or systemic infections, those with anemia, cardiovascular diseases, or osteoporosis, and patients with severe medical comorbidities such as neurological or developmental condition that precludes engagement with the Comfort Tote\n* Patients with two or more chronic conditions (excluding AIS)","12 Years","21 Years",{"count":57,"type":22},50,[59],"NA","The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if the use of Comfort Tote can treat pain and anxiety in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis undergoing posterior spinal fusion. The study aims to answer two questions:\n\n1. To characterize the effectiveness and determine the impact of integrative therapy interventions of the Comfort Tote use in reducing self-reported pain, anxiety, and stress among pediatric patients with AIS undergoing PSF. By comparing self-reported pain, anxiety, and stress scores, as well as documented Morphine Milligram Equivalents (MMEs) and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain scores, between patients using non-therapeutic and therapeutic Comfort Totes.\n2. To evaluate the impact of an educational video on the use of the Comfort Tote. This will assess whether the inclusion of instructional content enhances understanding and application of the Comfort Tote, thereby improving patient outcomes in pain management, anxiety reduction, and overall satisfaction with care. It is hypothesized that the therapeutic Comfort Tote intervention with the educational video will provide the highest patient satisfaction and greater tote usage, with decreased patient pain, stress, and anxiety levels. The findings from this pilot study will provide crucial insights into establishing a new standard of care for pediatric patients undergoing PSF and potentially provide baseline data for use in larger, multicenter randomized controlled trials.",[62,29,63,64],"Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis","Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting","Anxiety",[66,67],"Posterior spinal fusion","Integrative therapy","2026-06-02",{"date":70,"type":39},"2026-06-08",{"date":72,"type":22},"2026-06-15",{"date":74,"type":22},"2028-06-30",{"name":76,"class":46},"Columbia University",{"id":78,"slug":79,"hasResults":12,"nctId":80,"briefTitle":81,"officialTitle":81,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":82,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":83,"enrollmentInfo":84,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":86,"briefSummary":87,"conditions":88,"keywords":93,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":97,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":98,"startDateStruct":100,"completionDateStruct":102,"leadSponsor":104,"locationsCount":106},"100533156","recovering-from-bariatric-surgery-the-effects-of-early-initiated-and-supervised-mobilization-100533156","NCT06222151","Recovering From Bariatric Surgery: the Effects of Early Initiated and Supervised Mobilization","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* The ability to read and understand the Danish language\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Preoperative dependence of walking aids\n* Vision impairment\n* Previous syncopes or epilepsy\n* Admission to the intensive care unit after surgery\n* Acute complications during hospital admission\n* Patients are excluded at baseline if they have an oxygen saturation below 90% or a systolic blood pressure above 180 mmHg","70 Years",{"count":85,"type":22},112,[59],"The aim is to investigate the effect of early initiated and supervised mobilization continued after discharge as management of postoperative pain and recovery following obesity surgery, including patient experiences, pain coping, physical functionality and quality of life.",[29,89,90,91,92],"Postoperative Pain, Chronic","Bariatric Surgery","Mobilization","Physical Activity",[94,90,95,92,91],"Pain Coping","Postoperative Pain","RECRUITING","2026-05-18",{"date":99,"type":39},"2026-05-20",{"date":101,"type":39},"2024-04-22",{"date":103,"type":22},"2027-12-26",{"name":105,"class":46},"Esbjerg Hospital - University Hospital of Southern Denmark",1,{"id":108,"slug":109,"hasResults":12,"nctId":110,"briefTitle":111,"officialTitle":112,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":113,"healthyVolunteers":18,"sex":114,"minAge":20,"maxAge":115,"enrollmentInfo":116,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":118,"briefSummary":119,"conditions":120,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":124,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":125,"startDateStruct":127,"completionDateStruct":129,"leadSponsor":131,"locationsCount":106},"100594749","determining-the-optimal-dose-of-intrathecal-morphine-for-post-cesarean-analgesia-100594749","NCT07023497","Determining the Optimal Dose of Intrathecal Morphine for Post-Cesarean Analgesia","Determination of the Optimal Dose of Intrathecal Morphine for Postoperative Analgesia After Cesarean Section Using the Up-and-Down Sequential Allocation Method","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* term parturient\n* single pregnancy\n* elective cesarean delivery\n* adult parturient\n* ASA II\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* participants under the age of 18\n* extreme somatometric characteristics\n* lack of patient consent\n* absolute contraindications for spinal anesthesia\n* urgent cesarean section\n* presence of known fetal anomalies\n* onset of labor prior to administration of the block\n* history of chronic pain\n* use of opioids (systemic or otherwise) for any reason (e.g., chronic malignant pain)\n* communication difficulties (e.g., language barriers, cognitive impairments)\n* allergy or hypersensitivity to morphine\n* severe arrhythmia or other serious cardiovascular conditions\n* severe hepatic or renal insufficiency","FEMALE","50 Years",{"count":117,"type":22},100,[59],"Using spinal or epidural anesthesia (known as neuraxial blocks) is the gold standard for pain control during childbirth, especially in cesarean sections (C-sections). However, many women experience moderate to severe pain after a C-section, which can affect both their physical and emotional well-being, and even impact their ability to care for their newborn. Unfortunately, this pain is often not treated effectively, which can lead to increased sensitivity to pain or even chronic postoperative pain.\n\nOne effective way to manage this pain is by giving opioids directly into the spinal fluid (subarachnoid space). This method allows doctors to use much smaller doses than would be needed if the same medication were given through a vein, which also helps avoid many of the common side effects of opioids like respiratory depression, nausea, pruritus, and constipation.\n\nCommon opioids used in this setting include fentanyl, sufentanil, and morphine. These drugs behave differently depending on their chemical properties. For example, drugs that are more fat-soluble work faster, while those that are less fat-soluble tend to last longer. Morphine, which is less fat-soluble than the others, provides strong and long-lasting pain relief. When injected spinally, its effect can last 18-24 hours, with the pain relief starting 1-2 hours after the injection. Its performance is comparable to that of epidural anesthesia or nerve blocks.\n\nResearchers have studied a wide range of spinal morphine doses (from 20 to 500 micrograms) to find the most effective and safest dose. Most of these studies are small or use set doses without clear reasoning. Recently, a method called sequential allocation has become popular for finding the best dose more accurately.\n\nAbout the Study This research aims to find the ideal dose of spinal morphine when it's given with a fixed amount of fentanyl and varying doses of ropivacaine (a local anesthetic) during spinal anesthesia for C-section in healthy full-term parturients. The goal is to find the dose that provides adequate analgesia (pain score under 3 out of 10) for at least 12 hours after surgery.\n\nThis is a prospective, non-randomized, double-blind study. The study follows ethical standards and all participants sign an informed consent form. Two anesthesiologists are involved in each case: one handles the spinal injection and dose decision (based on the previous patient's response), while the other monitors the patient and collects the data without knowing the dose used.\n\nAnesthetic Technique Spinal anesthesia is done using standard procedures. A very fine needle (25 or 27 gauge) is used to inject a mixture of fentanyl (15 mcg), a variable dose of ropivacaine (based on somatometrics), and a variable dose of morphine (based on the algorithm). The mixture is injected slowly (1 ml every 10 seconds), with the needle facing toward the head. After surgery, all women receive additional pain medications like paracetamol and NSAIDs as part of a multimodal pain relief approach.\n\nHow the Morphine Dose is Decided\n\nThe dose of morphine changes based on whether the previous participant had effective pain relief. Pain relief is considered successful if the pain score stays at or below 3 (on a 0-10 scale) for at least 12 hours after the spinal injection. For the first woman in the study, the starting dose is chosen based on published research. Then:\n\n* If the previous participant had good pain control (NRS ≤3 for 12 hours), the dose for the next woman is reduced by 20 micrograms.\n* If pain control was poor (NRS \\>3 within the first 12 hours), the dose is increased by 40 micrograms.\n\nThis up-and-down adjustment continues for each new participant.",[121,122,29,123,95],"Morphine","Cesarean Section","Spinal Analgesia","2026-05-01",{"date":126,"type":39},"2026-05-07",{"date":128,"type":39},"2023-07-04",{"date":130,"type":22},"2026-09-01",{"name":132,"class":46},"University of Ioannina",{"id":134,"slug":135,"hasResults":12,"nctId":136,"briefTitle":137,"officialTitle":138,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":139,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":114,"minAge":140,"maxAge":141,"enrollmentInfo":142,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":144,"briefSummary":145,"conditions":146,"keywords":148,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":158,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":159,"startDateStruct":160,"completionDateStruct":161,"leadSponsor":163,"locationsCount":106},"100636227","effect-of-continuous-erector-spinae-plane-block-with-ropivacaine-on-postoperative-pain-and-nf-b-levels-after-mastectomy-100636227","NCT07562945","Effect of Continuous Erector Spinae Plane Block With Ropivacaine on Postoperative Pain and NF-κB Levels After Mastectomy","Comparison of Continuous Erector Spinae Plane Block With Ropivacaine Versus No Block on Postoperative Pain, NF-κB Levels, Opioid Consumption, and Quality of Recovery in Patients Undergoing Elective Mastectomy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Female patients aged 18 to 65 years\n* Diagnosed with breast cancer\n* Scheduled for elective mastectomy under general anesthesia\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III\n* Able to understand and provide written informed consent\n* Body mass index (BMI) 18-29 kg\u002Fm²\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Contraindications to regional anesthesia\n* Contraindications or allergy to ropivacaine or local anesthetics\n* Inability to use a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain assessment\n* Inability to understand or operate patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)\n* History of chronic pain or ongoing infection requiring treatment\n* History of chronic analgesic use\n* History of autoimmune disease\n* Uncontrolled systemic disease","30 Years","65 Years",{"count":143,"type":22},40,[59],"This study aims to evaluate the effect of continuous erector spinae plane block (CESPB) using ropivacaine on postoperative pain in patients undergoing elective mastectomy. In addition to pain control, this study investigates the impact of CESPB on systemic inflammatory response as measured by nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) levels, opioid consumption, and quality of recovery. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive CESPB or standard analgesia without block. Outcomes will be assessed within the first 24 hours after surgery. The findings are expected to provide evidence on the clinical and biological benefits of CESPB as part of multimodal analgesia in breast surgery.",[147,29],"Breast Cancer",[149,150,151,95,152,153,154,155,156,157],"Erector Spinae Plane Block","Continuous Erector Spinae Plane Block","Ropivacaine","Mastectomy","Nuclear Factor Kappa B","Opioid Consumption","Quality of Recovery","Regional Anesthesia","Multimodal Analgesia","2026-04-28",{"date":124,"type":39},{"date":124,"type":22},{"date":162,"type":22},"2026-10-01",{"name":164,"class":46},"Aldy Aldy",{"id":166,"slug":167,"hasResults":12,"nctId":168,"briefTitle":169,"officialTitle":170,"acronym":171,"eligibilityCriteria":172,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":141,"enrollmentInfo":173,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":175,"briefSummary":176,"conditions":177,"keywords":180,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":184,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":185,"startDateStruct":187,"completionDateStruct":189,"leadSponsor":191,"locationsCount":106},"100623287","ultrasound-guided-serratus-posterior-superior-intercostal-plane-block-for-analgesia-in-arthroscopic-shoulder-surgery-100623287","NCT07394673","Ultrasound-Guided Serratus Posterior Superior Intercostal Plane Block for Analgesia in Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery","Postoperative Analgesic Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Serratus Posterior Superior Intercostal Plane Block in Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery","SPSIP","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II-III\n* Scheduled for elective shoulder arthroscopy surgery\n* Surgery performed under general anesthesia\n* Provision of written informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Use of anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications\n* Presence of bleeding diathesis or coagulation disorders\n* Known allergy or hypersensitivity to local anesthetics or opioid medications\n* Infection or history of previous surgery at the planned block site\n* Alcohol or drug dependence\n* Cognitive impairment preventing reliable pain assessment using the NRS\n* Pregnancy or lactation\n* Diabetes mellitus\n* Renal or hepatic impairment",{"count":174,"type":22},80,[59],"This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of serratus posterior superior intercostal plane (SPSIP) block in managing postoperative pain in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery.",[29,178,179],"Shoulder Pain","Serratus Posterior Superior Intercostal Plane Block",[181,182,183],"postoperative analgesia","shoulder arthroscopy","serratus posterior superior intercostal plane block","2026-03-26",{"date":186,"type":39},"2026-03-27",{"date":188,"type":39},"2026-02-20",{"date":190,"type":22},"2026-07-20",{"name":192,"class":193},"Bursa City Hospital","OTHER_GOV",{"id":195,"slug":196,"hasResults":12,"nctId":197,"briefTitle":198,"officialTitle":199,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":200,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":201,"enrollmentInfo":202,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":204,"briefSummary":205,"conditions":206,"keywords":208,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":211,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":212,"startDateStruct":214,"completionDateStruct":216,"leadSponsor":218,"locationsCount":106},"100603295","thoracic-surgery-intercostal-block-trial-with-liposomal-vs-hydrochloride-bupivacaine-100603295","NCT07134660","Thoracic Surgery Intercostal Block Trial With Liposomal vs. Hydrochloride Bupivacaine","Analgesic Efficacy Between Liposomal Bupivacaine and Bupivacaine Hydrochloride in Intercostal Nerve Block for Thoracic Surgery: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Scheduled for elective unilateral thoracoscopic (VATS) lung surgery\n* Age 18 to 80 years\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Contraindication to local anesthetics (infection at puncture site, allergy to local anesthetics, coagulopathy or other bleeding risk)\n* Sensory abnormalities in the planned chest-wall surgical area\n* Hepatic dysfunction (ALT \\> 50 U\u002FL, AST \\> 40 U\u002FL, or total bilirubin ≥ 19 μmol\u002FL) or renal dysfunction (serum creatinine \\> 112 μmol\u002FL, BUN \\> 7.1 mmol\u002FL, or dialysis within 28 days before surgery)\n* Pregnancy, breastfeeding, women of childbearing potential not using adequate contraception, or planning pregnancy during the study period\n* Preoperative opioid use, history of chronic pain, or history of opioid abuse\n* Refusal to provide informed consent","80 Years",{"count":203,"type":22},210,[59],"This randomized controlled trial evaluates the analgesic effects of liposomal bupivacaine compared to bupivacaine hydrochloride in intercostal nerve block for patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung surgery. Postoperative pain remains a significant issue in thoracic procedures, often leading to complications like pneumonia or delayed recovery. The investigators hypothesize that liposomal bupivacaine, with its extended-release properties, will provide superior pain relief beyond 24 hours compared to standard bupivacaine or no block. Participants will be randomized 1:1:1 to liposomal bupivacaine group , bupivacaine hydrochloride group , or control group . Primary outcome is the area under the curve of pain scores from 25-72 hours post-surgery. Secondary outcomes include opioid consumption, recovery quality (QoR-15), and other complications.",[29,207],"Lung Cancer",[95,209,210],"Intercostal Nerve Block","Liposomal Bupivacaine","2026-03-25",{"date":213,"type":39},"2026-03-30",{"date":215,"type":39},"2025-09-01",{"date":217,"type":22},"2026-09-20",{"name":219,"class":46},"Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China",{"id":221,"slug":222,"hasResults":12,"nctId":223,"briefTitle":224,"officialTitle":225,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":226,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":227,"enrollmentInfo":228,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":229,"briefSummary":230,"conditions":231,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":234,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":235,"startDateStruct":237,"completionDateStruct":239,"leadSponsor":241,"locationsCount":106},"100626528","sps-block-vs-surgical-intercostal-block-for-chronic-pain-after-thoracoscopic-surgery-100626528","NCT07436806","SPS Block vs. Surgical Intercostal Block for Chronic Pain After Thoracoscopic Surgery","Evaluation of Serratus Posterior Superior (SPS) Block Versus Surgical Intercostal Blockade in Preventing Chronic Post-Thoracotomy Pain After Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS): A Randomized, Prospective, Comparative Study.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA physical status I-III.\n* Scheduled for elective unilateral Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of allergy to local anesthetics.\n* Pre-existing chronic pain syndrome or neuropathic pain.\n* Psychiatric disorders affecting pain assessment.\n* Coagulation disorders.\n* Previous thoracic surgery on the same side.","75 Years",{"count":143,"type":22},[59],"This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided Serratus Posterior Superior (SPS) block compared to surgeon-administered intercostal blockade in preventing chronic pain at 3, 6, and 12 months following Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS).",[232,233,29],"Chronic Post-thoracotomy Pain","Neuropathic Pain","2026-03-06",{"date":236,"type":39},"2026-03-10",{"date":238,"type":39},"2026-03-01",{"date":240,"type":22},"2026-12-10",{"name":242,"class":46},"Medipol University",{"id":244,"slug":245,"hasResults":12,"nctId":246,"briefTitle":247,"officialTitle":247,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":248,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":249,"enrollmentInfo":250,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":252,"briefSummary":253,"conditions":254,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":255,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":256,"startDateStruct":257,"completionDateStruct":259,"leadSponsor":261,"locationsCount":4},"100625589","effect-of-dexmedetomidine-versus-dexamethasone-as-adjuvant-to-bupivacaine-in-ultrasound-guided-erector-spinae-plane-block-on-postoperative-analgesia-in-myasthenic-patients-undergoing-thoracoscopic-thymectomy-100625589","NCT07424599","Effect of Dexmedetomidine Versus Dexamethasone as Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block on Postoperative Analgesia in Myasthenic Patients Undergoing Thoracoscopic Thymectomy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* myasthenic patients\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical grade of 2-3)\n* who underwent video assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Refused participation in the study,\n* known allergy for this study drugs ,\n* Contraindication to the ESPB as infection at block site \\& marked chest cage deformity,\n* significant bleeding disorders ,\n* patients with significant renal or liver dysfunction,\n* heart block ,\n* poor ventilatory function,\n* severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,\n* morbid obesity,\n* mental disability, or communication difficulties that hindered effective pain assessment,\n* Individuals who was converted to open thoracotomy or those re-explorated for surgical related issues.","60 Years",{"count":251,"type":22},60,[59],"This current comparative study involved 54 patients undergoing thoracoscopic thymectomy who were distributed randomly into three equal groups to receive ultrasound (US)-guided ESPB using 20 ml bupivacaine 0.25% (group B) , 20 ml bupivacaine 0.25% with 8 mg dexamethasone (group BS), 20 ml bupivacaine 0.25% with dexmedetomidine 1mcg\u002Fkg (group BM). The time till the first postoperative rescue analgesic requested was the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes included the postoperative pain scores and analgesic consumption.",[29],"2026-02-15",{"date":188,"type":39},{"date":258,"type":22},"2026-03-15",{"date":260,"type":22},"2026-09-15",{"name":262,"class":46},"Ain Shams University",{"id":264,"slug":265,"hasResults":12,"nctId":266,"briefTitle":267,"officialTitle":268,"acronym":269,"eligibilityCriteria":270,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":271,"maxAge":249,"enrollmentInfo":272,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":274,"briefSummary":275,"conditions":276,"keywords":277,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":255,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":283,"startDateStruct":285,"completionDateStruct":287,"leadSponsor":289,"locationsCount":106},"100481037","ketorolac-intravenous-regional-analgesia-in-lower-limb-surgeries-100481037","NCT05543785","Ketorolac Intravenous Regional Analgesia in Lower Limb Surgeries","Ketorolac for Intravenous Regional Analgesia in Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgeries Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Control Study","K-IVRAg","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II\n* Elective unilateral lower limb orthopedic surgery with tourniquet under spinal anesthesia\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pregnant females\n* Body mass index ≥ 35 kg\u002Fm2\n* Allergy to ketorolac\n* Had renal, asthmatic, vascular (Raynaud's syndrome) disease, hematological anemias\n* Had any history of gastrointestinal tract inflammation, bleeding, ulceration, or perforation besides\n* Edema in the operated limb grade ≥ 3","19 Years",{"count":273,"type":22},76,[59],"Tourniquet, a compressing device, otherwise its use in intravenous regional anesthesia, is commonly used in particular orthopedic surgeries. From the previous documented effectiveness and safety of intravenous (IV) administration of ketorolac in the circulatory-isolated limb as a part of intravenous regional anesthesia; we hypothesized that in orthopedic surgeries done with tourniquet, intravenous (IV) administration of ketorolac after tourniquet inflation, will act as intravenous regional analgesia. So, it will prolong the postoperative analgesic duration as a primary outcome.",[29],[278,279,280,281,282],"ketorolac","randomized controlled trial","intravenous regional anesthesia","lower limb","orthopedic surgeries",{"date":284,"type":39},"2026-02-17",{"date":286,"type":39},"2022-11-01",{"date":288,"type":22},"2027-12-30",{"name":290,"class":46},"Mansoura University",{"id":292,"slug":293,"hasResults":12,"nctId":294,"briefTitle":295,"officialTitle":296,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":297,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":227,"enrollmentInfo":298,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":300,"briefSummary":302,"conditions":303,"keywords":304,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":306,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":307,"startDateStruct":309,"completionDateStruct":311,"leadSponsor":313,"locationsCount":316},"100562369","phase-3-pf614-analgesic-activity-in-acute-postoperative-pain-pf614-301-100562369","NCT06602271","PF614 Analgesic Activity in Acute Postoperative Pain (PF614-301)","A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of PF614 for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Pain After Abdominoplasty","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Participant must provide written informed consent prior to the initiation of any protocol specific procedures.\n2. Male or female participant, between 18 and 75 years of age, inclusive, at the time of Screening.\n3. Participant must be scheduled to undergo a full abdominoplasty procedure without liposuction with no collateral procedures.\n4. Participant must have physical status rated as I-II on the American Society of Anesthesiologists rating scale.\n5. Participant must have a body mass index (BMI) within 18.0 to 32.0 kg\u002Fm2, inclusive (minimum weight of at least 50.0 kg).\n6. If female, participant must be either not of childbearing potential (defined as postmenopausal for at least 1 year and confirmed with follicle stimulating hormone \\[FSH\\] \\>40 mIU\u002FmL as deemed necessary by the investigator, or surgically sterile \\[bilateral tubal ligation, bilateral oophorectomy, or hysterectomy\\]) or participant must use a medically acceptable method of birth control (oral or transdermal hormonal contraceptives; vaginal ring; contraceptive implant or injection; intrauterine contraceptive system \\[with or without hormone\\]; condom and spermicidal foam; heterosexual abstinence; or sterilization of partner) from 30 days prior to Screening through 90 days after the last study drug administration. Heterosexual abstinence is considered to be a highly effective method only if the participant agrees to refrain from heterosexual intercourse during the entire period from 30 days prior to Screening to 90 days after the last study drug administration.\n7. If male, participant must agree to use medically acceptable methods of contraception (diaphragm\u002Fsponge\u002Fcondom with spermicide, vasectomy); female sexual partners of childbearing potential must be using and willing to continue using medically acceptable contraception (i.e., oral or transdermal hormonal contraceptives, vaginal ring, contraceptive implant or injection intrauterine contraceptive system \\[with or without hormone\\]) from Screening and for at least 90 days after the last study drug administration.\n8. Must be able to speak, read, and understand English or Spanish sufficiently to allow completion of all study assessments.\n9. Participant must be willing and able to follow study instructions and be likely to complete all study requirements.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Participant has a history or presence of a clinically significant abnormality, as assessed by physical examination, medical history, electrocardiograms (ECGs; including a median QT interval corrected for heart rate \\[Fridericia; QTcF interval\\] of \\>450 milliseconds if male or \\>470 milliseconds if female at Screening and pre-operatively based on triplicate ECG; a repeat triplicate test is permitted and the median QTcF value will be used to determine eligibility), vital signs, or laboratory values, which, in the opinion of the investigator, would jeopardize the safety of the participant or the validity of the study results. Laboratory tests may be repeated once (one time) at Screening only, after approval by the medical monitor, if the investigator determines that the abnormal laboratory finding(s) was erroneous or caused by a temporary medical condition, for example, an acute infection, or by the temporary use of a prior medication.\n2. Participant has a significant cardiac (e.g., ischemia or infarct, complete bundle branch blocks, symptomatic arrhythmias or predominantly non-sinus-conducted rhythm), pulmonary, gastrointestinal, endocrine, metabolic (except diabetes mellitus \\[A1c ≤7.0\\]), neurological, or psychiatric disorder (resulting in disorientation, memory impairment or inability to report accurately; for instance, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease), or any other clinically significant disease that, in the investigator's opinion, may affect efficacy or safety assessments, or that may compromise participant safety during trial participation.\n3. Participant has a history of malignancy within the past 2 years, with the exception of basal cell carcinoma that has been treated and is no longer present.\n4. Participant has a history or presence of acute respiratory depression, moderate or severe chronic pulmonary disease, cor pulmonale, delirium tremens, central nervous system (CNS) depression, or increased cerebrospinal or intracranial pressure.\n5. Participant has a documented history of, or currently active, seizure disorder (excluding febrile seizures in childhood), or history of clinically significant head injury or syncope of unknown origin.\n6. Participant has a current painful condition that could confound the interpretation of efficacy, safety, or tolerability data in the study, in the opinion of the investigator.\n7. Participant has a history or presence of obstructive sleep apnea.\n8. Participant has a known history of or presence of trypsin deficiency.\n9. Participant has a history of acute or severe bronchial asthma, hypercarbia, or hypoxia.\n10. Participant has any chronic gastrointestinal disease or major previous abdominal surgery (e.g., previous abdominoplasty surgery, Billroth procedure, enteroanastomosis, or bariatric surgery, including gastric bands and gastric sleeves, gastric bypass) that might affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion of PF614. Prior cholecystectomy is allowed if the procedure was \\>1 year prior to Screening. Prior Caesarean section is allowed if the participant does not have altered sensation to the scar area.\n11. Participant has a history of pancreatitis, pancreatic insufficiency, gastric ulcers, or gastrointestinal bleeding.\n12. Participant has evidence of clinically significant hepatic or renal impairment, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) \\>3× the upper limit of normal (ULN), bilirubin \\>2× ULN, estimated creatinine clearance \\\u003C60 mL\u002Fmin (estimated by the 2021 Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration \\[CKD-EPI\\] creatinine equation).\n13. Participant has used chronic opioid therapy, defined as \\>15 mg oral morphine equivalent units per day, for \\>3 out of 7 days per week, for \\>1 month, within 12 months prior to first study drug administration.\n14. Participant has used any analgesic medication within 5 half-lives (or, if half-life is unknown, within 48 hours) before the abdominoplasty procedure, or has used chronic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy, defined as daily use for \\>2 weeks within 2 months prior to first study drug administration (aspirin ≤325 mg daily is permitted for cardiovascular prophylaxis if the participant has been on a stable regimen for ≥30 days before the abdominoplasty procedure).\n15. Participant has used systemic steroid therapy within 3 months prior to first study drug administration, excluding over-the-counter (OTC) corticosteroid nasal spray products.\n16. Participant has used any enzyme-modifying drugs or products, including strong inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 and 2D6 enzymes (e.g., clarithromycin, itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone, posaconazole, telithromycin, voriconazole, cimetidine, fluoxetine, quinidine, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, fluconazole, diltiazem, and human immunodeficiency virus \\[HIV\\] antivirals) or strong inducers of CYP enzymes (e.g., rifampin, phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, and St. John's Wort) within 30 days of first study drug administration.\n17. Participant has used medications that, in the opinion of the investigator, could affect the analgesic response (such as central alpha-adrenergic agents \\[clonidine and tizanidine\\], antiepileptic drugs, gabapentinoids, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, neuroleptic agents or other antipsychotic agents) that are not stably dosed within at least 30 days prior to first study drug administration. Antidepressants are permitted if prescribed for anxiety or depression and doses have been stable for at least 30 days.\n18. Participant has used a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, such as semaglutide, within 30 days prior to first study drug administration.\n19. Participant is unable to discontinue any of the prohibited medications (Section 9.7.1).\n20. Participant has a history or presence of any substance or alcohol use disorder, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - 5th Edition, Text Revision (DSM V TR).\n21. Participant has a positive urine drug screen (UDS) or alcohol breathalyzer test at Screening (other than THC) or on the day of the abdominoplasty procedure. A positive UDS resulting from use of a prescribed medication not prohibited by the protocol may be allowed if, in the opinion of the investigator, the medication will not interfere with the study.\n22. Participant has a history of suicidal ideation or suicidal behavior in the past 12 months, as assessed by the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS; baseline version).\n23. Participant has a history of allergy or hypersensitivity to any opioid analgesics, anesthetics, ondansetron, acetaminophen, or NSAIDs.\n24. Female participant is currently pregnant (positive pregnancy test) or lactating, or is planning to become pregnant within 30 days of last study drug administration.\n25. Participant is positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C, or HIV.\n26. Participant has previously participated in a clinical trial using PF614.\n27. Participant has received any investigational drugs or devices within 4 weeks (or 5 times the half-life of the drug, if known) prior to first study drug administration.\n28. Participant has any medical condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, might interfere with the study procedures or data integrity or compromise the safety of the participant. Medical records may be requested at the opinion of the Investigator.\n29. Participant is an employee of the sponsor or research site personnel directly affiliated with this study, or is their immediate family member, defined as a spouse, parent, child or sibling, whether biological or legally adopted.\n30. Participant who, in the opinion of the investigator, is considered unsuitable or unlikely to comply with the study protocol for any reason.",{"count":299,"type":22},320,[301],"PHASE3","The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the analgesic activity of PF614 (an oral oxycodone prodrug extended-release analgesic) for control of postsurgical pain in subjects scheduled for abdominoplasty surgery. The main question to be answered is:\n\n• To assess the analgesic efficacy of PF614 compared to placebo in subjects with moderate to severe pain following abdominoplasty.\n\nParticipants will be asked to take oral blinded doses of study medication at about one hour before surgery starts, and then every 12 hours after surgery for up to 4 days.\n\nParticipants will be asked to:\n\n* Rate their pain on a 0-10 numerical rating scale (NRS) at various timepoints up to 5 days following surgery;\n* Tell us about the need for rescue medication if they continue to have moderate-to-severe pain;\n* Tell us about any side effects or adverse effects that they may experience to help us understand the safety and tolerability of the test medications;\n* Provide periodic blood samples to help us understand how much study drug is in their system.\n\nParticipants will stay in a clinic setting and be monitored for safety for 5 days following surgery. We anticipate that participants will be discharged on Day 5, pending medical review, and then keep a diary to record study-related pain and adverse effects for an additional 2-4 days after discharge.",[29],[305],"PF614, oxycodone, prodrug","2026-01-21",{"date":308,"type":39},"2026-01-22",{"date":310,"type":39},"2025-12-09",{"date":312,"type":22},"2026-11",{"name":314,"class":315},"Ensysce Biosciences","INDUSTRY",3,{"id":318,"slug":319,"hasResults":12,"nctId":320,"briefTitle":321,"officialTitle":322,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":323,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":324,"enrollmentInfo":325,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":327,"briefSummary":329,"conditions":330,"keywords":332,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":310,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":336,"startDateStruct":338,"completionDateStruct":340,"leadSponsor":342,"locationsCount":106},"100608360","phase-4-meloxicam-in-mohs-micrographic-surgery-100608360","NCT07200544","Meloxicam in Mohs Micrographic Surgery","Meloxicam for Postoperative Pain in Mohs Micrographic Surgery","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* All adult patients who consents to the study and are undergoing Mohs micrographic surgery at the University of Oklahoma.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Women who are pregnant, suspected to be pregnant, or planning to become pregnant during the study period will be excluded from participation.\n* Chronic liver disease (chronic hepatitis, acute hepatitis, cirrhosis, NASH, NAFLD, alcoholic liver disease, hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease)\n* Chronic kidney disease stage III or greater,\n* Aspirin-sensitive asthma\n* History of chronic NSAID use\n* Patients vulnerable to drug interactions\n* GI bleeds\n* Peptic ulcers\n* Non-English speakers","110 Years",{"count":326,"type":22},300,[328],"PHASE4","The goal of this clinical trial is to explore alternative methods of postoperative pain control in Mohs micrographic surgery. The main aims are:\n\n* To provide more information to the Mohs surgery community regarding postoperative pain control.\n* Reducing pain improves the overall comfort and well-being of patients, leading to a better post-operative experience.\n* To provide patients with an alternative and potentially superior NSAID for pain control (compared to standard-of-care ibuprofen).\n\nResearchers will compare 1) a single of dose Meloxicam 7.5 mg, followed by acetaminophen 500 mg; 2) a single dose of Meloxicam 15 mg, followed by acetaminophen 500 mg; 3) a single dose of acetaminophen 500 mg, followed by alternating ibuprofen 200 mg and acetaminophen 500 mg to see which better moderate pain control and patient satisfaction.\n\nParticipants will be asked to complete pain and patient satisfaction surveys.",[29,331],"Skin Cancer",[333,95,334,335],"Mohs micrographic surgery","NSAID","Acetaminophen",{"date":337,"type":39},"2025-12-15",{"date":339,"type":39},"2025-10-15",{"date":341,"type":22},"2026-08-02",{"name":343,"class":46},"University of Oklahoma",{"id":345,"slug":346,"hasResults":12,"nctId":347,"briefTitle":348,"officialTitle":349,"acronym":350,"eligibilityCriteria":351,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":141,"maxAge":352,"enrollmentInfo":353,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":355,"briefSummary":356,"conditions":357,"keywords":360,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":362,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":363,"startDateStruct":364,"completionDateStruct":366,"leadSponsor":368,"locationsCount":106},"100613842","phase-4-nalbuphine-timing-effects-on-hemodynamics-and-analgesia-in-elderly-patients-100613842","NCT07271849","Nalbuphine Timing Effects on Hemodynamics and Analgesia in Elderly Patients","Effects of Different Administration Timings of Nalbuphine on Hemodynamics and Postoperative Analgesia in Elderly Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty","TKA","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* All study participants voluntarily enrolled in the trial and provided written informed consent after being fully informed of the trial's purpose and significance\n* Participants underwent unilateral total knee arthroplasty under general anesthesia\n* Elderly participants (age ≥ 65 years), regardless of gender\n* Body mass index (BMI) ranging from 18 kg\u002Fm² to 30 kg\u002Fm²\n* Absence of psychiatric disorders, normal consciousness, and ability to communicate effectively\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification I-III;\n* No contraindications to the study medications\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Study participants with uncontrolled or untreated hypertension (resting systolic\u002Fdiastolic blood pressure \\>180\u002F100 mmHg)\n* Individuals with severe respiratory diseases\n* Subjects with abnormal liver or renal function (ALT and\u002For AST \\>2.5 times the upper limit of normal, total bilirubin \\>1.5 times the upper limit of normal, serum creatinine \\>1.5 times the upper limit of normal)\n* Individuals with a history of drug abuse, illicit drug use, or alcohol abuse, where alcohol abuse is defined as an average daily alcohol intake exceeding 2 units (1 unit = 360 mL of beer, 45 mL of 40% alcohol by volume spirits, or 150 mL of wine)","90 Years",{"count":354,"type":22},162,[328],"In total knee arthroplasty (TKA), the use of a tourniquet and controlled hypotension is common. However, ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by the tourniquet and inappropriate controlled hypotension can lead to cardiac and cerebral damage in patients. Consequently, maintaining hemodynamic stability, ensuring adequate cerebral perfusion, and achieving controlled blood pressure during the perioperative period are critical factors influencing patient outcomes. Postoperatively, patients typically experience moderate to severe pain. Severe postoperative pain can result in prolonged hospital stays, increased readmission rates, elevated opioid consumption, and associated nausea and vomiting. Therefore, exploring effective multimodal postoperative pain management strategies is essential. Nalbuphine, an opioid analgesic acting as a full kappa-receptor agonist and a partial mu-receptor antagonist, is considered to provide analgesic efficacy equivalent to morphine while potentially offering advantages in maintaining hemodynamic stability. This study aims to investigate the effects of administering equivalent doses of nalbuphine at different perioperative time points on analgesia and hemodynamics in elderly patients undergoing knee arthroplasty.",[29,358,359],"Hemodynamics","Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)",[359,95,361,358],"Nalbuphine","2025-12-06",{"date":310,"type":39},{"date":365,"type":39},"2025-10-28",{"date":367,"type":22},"2026-10-31",{"name":369,"class":46},"Qianfoshan Hospital",{"id":371,"slug":372,"hasResults":12,"nctId":373,"briefTitle":374,"officialTitle":375,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":376,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":377,"maxAge":20,"enrollmentInfo":378,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":379,"briefSummary":380,"conditions":381,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":382,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":383,"startDateStruct":385,"completionDateStruct":387,"leadSponsor":389,"locationsCount":106},"100613158","eoi-block-in-otoplasty-with-rib-cartilage-graft-100613158","NCT07262944","EOI Block in Otoplasty With Rib Cartilage Graft","Effect of Ultrasound-Guided External Oblique Intercostal Fascial Plane Block in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Otoplasty With Rib Cartilage Graft","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* \\- Pediatric patients aged 13 to 18 years undergoing otoplasty with rib cartilage graft under general anesthesia at Seoul National University Children's Hospital\n* Written informed consent obtained from parent or legal guardian, and assent from the patient\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Unstable vital signs before surgery (heart rate \\\u003C50 or \\>150 beats\u002Fmin, systolic blood pressure \\\u003C80 mmHg or \\>160 mmHg)\n* Known hypersensitivity to ropivacaine or other amide-type local anesthetics\n* Massive bleeding or shock\n* Local infection at the injection site\n* Sepsis\n* History of allergy to opioid medications\n* Severe renal dysfunction (creatinine \\>3.0 mg\u002FdL)\n* Severe hepatic dysfunction (AST or ALT \\>120 U\u002FL)\n* Any condition that, in the investigator's opinion, makes the subject unsuitable for study participation","13 Years",{"count":251,"type":22},[59],"This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided external oblique intercostal (EOI) fascial plane block on postoperative pain control and recovery in pediatric patients undergoing otoplasty with rib cartilage graft under general anesthesia. Participants aged 13 to 18 years will be randomly assigned to receive either EOI block with 0.2% ropivacaine or no block. Primary outcome is total opioid consumption within 24 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes include NRS pain scores, incentive spirometry performance, incidence of atelectasis, and patient satisfaction.",[29],"2025-11-28",{"date":384,"type":39},"2025-12-04",{"date":386,"type":22},"2026-12-01",{"date":388,"type":22},"2028-08-30",{"name":390,"class":46},"Seoul National University Hospital",{"id":392,"slug":393,"hasResults":12,"nctId":394,"briefTitle":395,"officialTitle":395,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":396,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":397,"maxAge":398,"enrollmentInfo":399,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":400,"briefSummary":401,"conditions":402,"keywords":404,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":409,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":410,"startDateStruct":412,"completionDateStruct":414,"leadSponsor":416,"locationsCount":106},"100530188","effects-of-pericapsular-nerve-group-block-on-postoperative-recovery-for-total-hip-arthroplasty-100530188","NCT06183528","Effects of Pericapsular Nerve Group Block on Postoperative Recovery for Total Hip Arthroplasty","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* THA performed by posterior approach\n* 40-85 age range\n* ASA 1-3\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nUnder 40 years of age, over 85 years of age,\n\n* ASA 4 and above,\n* Cognitive impairment (Alzheimer's disease, dementia, delirium etc.),\n* Hip fracture,\n* Application site infection,\n* Allergy to local anaesthetic agents,\n* Patients are non-consenting patients.","40 Years","85 Years",{"count":251,"type":22},[59],"The hypothesis of this study is that patients who undergo PENG block in before Total Hip Artroplasthy (THA) surgery with spinal anesthesia will have reduced postoperative pain scores, less need for opioid analgesics and earlier mobilisation.",[403,29],"Analgesia",[405,406,407,408],"Multimodal analgesia","pericapsular nerve group block","total hip arthroplasty","spinal anesthesia","2025-11-16",{"date":411,"type":39},"2025-11-19",{"date":413,"type":39},"2023-09-01",{"date":415,"type":22},"2025-12-30",{"name":417,"class":193},"Umraniye Education and Research Hospital",{"id":419,"slug":420,"hasResults":12,"nctId":421,"briefTitle":422,"officialTitle":423,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":424,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":141,"enrollmentInfo":425,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":427,"briefSummary":428,"conditions":429,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":435,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":436,"startDateStruct":438,"completionDateStruct":440,"leadSponsor":442,"locationsCount":106},"100587849","effect-of-virtual-reality-on-patient-outcomes-and-satisfaction-in-total-knee-replacement-100587849","NCT06933732","Effect of Virtual Reality on Patient Outcomes and Satisfaction in Total Knee Replacement","The Effect of Virtual Reality Applications on Patient Outcomes and Satisfaction Before and After Total Knee Replacement: A Randomised Controlled Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients with an ASA score of 1, 2, or 3\n* Elective unilateral total knee replacement surgery was planned,\n* Patients who are able to read and write in Turkish\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Using \\>30 mg of oral oxycodone or equivalent daily\n* Long-term opioid use (\\>12 weeks)\n* Substance use disorder\n* Scheduled for emergency surgery\n* Scheduled for revision surgery\n* Requiring postoperative intensive care\n* Patients with visual or hearing impairments\n* Individuals experiencing motion-related nausea or dizziness\n* History of stroke or dementia\n* Pregnant or breastfeeding women\n* Patients with a history of epilepsy or seizures",{"count":426,"type":22},64,[59],"This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) in managing preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in patients undergoing total knee replacement. Investigators will assess the impact of preoperative VR training on anxiety levels, explore the effectiveness of relaxing and distracting VR videos for pain management after surgery, and determine the optimal timing for VR application by comparing different VR intervention times. Our goal is to identify how VR can improve both the emotional and physical recovery process for patients undergoing knee replacement surgery.",[430,431,29,432,433,434],"Knee Replacement","Knee Replacement Surgery","Anxiety, Preoperative","Pain Management","Virtual Reality","2025-09-23",{"date":437,"type":39},"2025-09-26",{"date":439,"type":22},"2025-12-25",{"date":441,"type":22},"2026-03-31",{"name":443,"class":46},"Aykut Turgut",{"id":445,"slug":446,"hasResults":12,"nctId":447,"briefTitle":448,"officialTitle":449,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":450,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":114,"minAge":451,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":452,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":453,"briefSummary":454,"conditions":455,"keywords":456,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":464,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":465,"startDateStruct":467,"completionDateStruct":469,"leadSponsor":471,"locationsCount":4},"100601677","erector-spinae-plane-block-versus-iliohypogastricilioinguinal-nerve-block-for-post-hysterctomy-pain-relief-100601677","NCT07113600","Erector Spinae Plane Block Versus Iliohypogastric\u002FIlioinguinal Nerve Block for Post-Hysterctomy Pain Relief","A Randomized Comparative Study Between Ultrasound Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block and Ultrasound Guided Iliohypogastric\u002F Ilioinguinal Nerve Block for Postoperative Pain Relief in Female Patients Undergoing Open Hysterectomy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adult female patients above the age of 35 years.\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patient refusal.\n* History of allergy or intolerance to study medications.\n* Chronic opioid use (\\>3 months).\n* Severe renal or hepatic impairment.\n* Patients with coagulopathy disorders.\n* Infection at injection sites.","35 Years",{"count":251,"type":22},[59],"The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the degree of pain relief between two techniques of regional anesthesia given to ladies undergoing hysterectomy under general anesthesia.\n\nOne group of patients will have a local anesthetic injected between muscle layers in their back (ultrasound guided Erector Spinae plane Block).\n\nThe other group will have a local anesthetic injected around specific nerves in their abdomen (ultrasound guided Ilio-hypogastric \u002F ilio-inguinal nerve block ).\n\nResearchers will compare the duration of postoperative pain relief , the degree of pain relief and any possible side effects of either techniques.",[29],[457,458,459,460,461,462,463],"Humans","Female","Anesthesia, Conduction","Ultrasonography","Nerve Block","Pain, Postoperative","Ultrasonography, Interventional","2025-08-02",{"date":466,"type":39},"2025-08-11",{"date":468,"type":22},"2025-08",{"date":470,"type":22},"2025-10",{"name":472,"class":46},"Kasr El Aini Hospital",{"id":474,"slug":475,"hasResults":12,"nctId":476,"briefTitle":477,"officialTitle":478,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":479,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":480,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":482,"briefSummary":484,"conditions":485,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":487,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":488,"startDateStruct":490,"completionDateStruct":492,"leadSponsor":494,"locationsCount":106},"100508877","phase-1-minimally-invasive-esophagectomy-pain-control-trial-100508877","NCT05906134","Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy Pain Control Trial","A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Local Intercostal Nerve Blocks, Cryo-ablation Plus Intercostal Nerve Blocks, and Serratus Plane Catheter Plus Intercostal Nerve Blocks After Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nAll adult individuals who undergo an esophagectomy with an intended minimally invasive approach of the chest at Swedish Medical Center-First Hill. These approaches include:\n\n* 3-hole with R video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)\n* Ivor Lewis R VATS\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age \\\u003C18\n* Unable to consent\n* Additional surgical procedures planned\n* Patients with previous thoracic surgery\n* Patient with chronic pain on a daily regimen of narcotics\n* Non-English speaking\n* Contraindications to neuraxial anesthesia (ongoing anticoagulation, anticipated post-operative therapeutic anticoagulation, spinal cord stimulators, anatomic abnormalities preventing epidural placement)",{"count":481,"type":22},30,[483,25],"PHASE1","A pilot randomized controlled trial comparing intercostal nerve blocks, cryo-ablation plus intercostal nerve blocks, and serratus plane catheter plus intercostal nerve blocks in patients undergoing esophagectomies with minimally invasive thoracic approaches.",[29,486],"Postoperative Complications","2025-07-17",{"date":489,"type":39},"2025-07-23",{"date":491,"type":39},"2022-04-26",{"date":493,"type":22},"2027-02",{"name":495,"class":46},"Swedish Medical Center",{"id":497,"slug":498,"hasResults":12,"nctId":499,"briefTitle":500,"officialTitle":501,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":502,"healthyVolunteers":18,"sex":114,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":503,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":505,"briefSummary":506,"conditions":507,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":508,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":509,"startDateStruct":511,"completionDateStruct":513,"leadSponsor":514,"locationsCount":106},"100545248","phase-4-impact-of-preoperative-opioid-free-multimodal-analgesia-on-time-to-trial-of-void-in-ambulatory-urogynecologic-surgeries-100545248","NCT06379425","Impact of Preoperative Opioid-free Multimodal Analgesia on Time to Trial of Void in Ambulatory Urogynecologic Surgeries","Impact of Preoperative Opioid-free Multimodal Analgesia on Time to Trial of Void in Ambulatory Urogynecologic Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Provision of signed and dated informed consent form\n2. Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study\n3. All female patients over 18 years of age from the Northwell Health urogynecology offices in Bay Shore, Syosset, and Huntington, NY who are undergoing transvaginal minor urogynecologic surgery (midurethral sling, periurethral bulking injections, anterior repair, posterior repair, and perineorrhaphy) at South Shore Surgery Center\n4. In good general health as evidenced by medical history\n5. Ability to take oral medication and be willing to adhere to the study intervention\n6. Patients may be English or Spanish-speaking and must be able to provide informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Pregnancy or lactation\n2. Younger than age 18\n3. Known allergic reactions to acetaminophen, celecoxib or gabapentin or any components within the medication formulation\n4. Patients with Myasthenia Gravis, renal disease with CrCl \\\u003C 50, seizure disorder, substance use disorder, anaphylaxis and angioedema to gabapentin, Drug reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS), driving impairment, increased seizures suicidal behavior and respiratory depression.\n5. Patients with a , history of asthma, urticaria, or other allergic type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDS or DRESS, history of gastric bypass surgery, heart failure, active GI ulcer, active GI bleeding, inflammatory bowel disease, cerebrovascular bleeding, liver impairment\u002Fhepatic disease, hyperkalemia.\n6. Patients with compromised renal function who are notable to receive NSAIDs\n7. Patients with significant cardiovascular disease, such as patients with heart failure\n8. Patient with recent evidence of worsening fluid retention\n9. Both non-English and non-Spanish speaking patients\n10. Urogynecologic surgeries for apical repair (sacrocolpopexy, uterosacral ligament suspension, sacrospinous ligament suspension, colpocleisis)\n11. Current use of illicit substances (cocaine, non-prescription opioids, marijuana)\n12. Current use of gabapentin as home medication",{"count":504,"type":22},70,[328],"This is a double-arm randomized control trial evaluating the impact of preoperative opioid-free analgesia on time to trial of void in ambulatory urogynecologic surgeries. The investigators hypothesize that receipt of acetaminophen, celecoxib and gabapentin preoperatively versus acetaminophen alone will reduce the time to trial of void in patients undergoing same-day minor urogynecologic procedures.",[462,29],"2025-05-19",{"date":510,"type":39},"2025-05-22",{"date":512,"type":39},"2024-03-01",{"date":238,"type":22},{"name":515,"class":46},"Northwell Health",{"id":517,"slug":518,"hasResults":12,"nctId":519,"briefTitle":520,"officialTitle":521,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":522,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":523,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":524,"briefSummary":525,"conditions":526,"keywords":527,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":530,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":531,"startDateStruct":533,"completionDateStruct":535,"leadSponsor":536,"locationsCount":4},"100489473","electrical-stimulation-for-erector-spinae-plane-catheter-insertion-100489473","NCT05653570","Electrical Stimulation for Erector Spinae Plane Catheter Insertion","Electrical Stimulation for Erector Spinae Plane Catheter Insertion: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* elective total or total reverse shoulder arthroplasty\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* inability to provide consent\n* history of active opioid use\n* emergency procedures\n* shoulder arthroscopy\n* partial shoulder replacement\n* shoulder resurfacing\n* any revision shoulder surgery\n* any indwelling deep brain stimulator, pacemaker, and\u002For other neurostimulators",{"count":481,"type":22},[59],"The erector spinae plane (ESP) block has been studied for analgesia in shoulder surgery as a phrenic nerve-sparing alternative. However, successful ESP catheter placement appears multifactorial, with failure mechanisms including lamination, plane collapse, or catheter overcoiling. Electrical stimulation (ES) is a common technique used in regional anesthesia to detect possible intraneural placement. ES of the erector spinae muscle complex may objectively guide proper interfascial catheter placement and improve local anesthetic spread. The primary goal of this study is to establish if ESP catheter placement with the addition of ES to ultrasound (US) guidance facilitates accurate catheter placement. This study will further characterize postoperative analgesia and the incidence of brachial plexus stimulation for patients who receive ES-assisted ESP catheter placement.",[29,178],[528,529],"erector spinae plane","electrical stimulation","2025-04-17",{"date":532,"type":39},"2025-04-21",{"date":534,"type":22},"2025-11",{"date":312,"type":22},{"name":537,"class":46},"Stanford University",{"id":539,"slug":540,"hasResults":12,"nctId":541,"briefTitle":542,"officialTitle":543,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":544,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":545,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":547,"briefSummary":548,"conditions":549,"keywords":551,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":554,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":555,"startDateStruct":557,"completionDateStruct":559,"leadSponsor":561,"locationsCount":106},"100586209","effect-of-transauricular-vagus-nerve-stimulation-on-postoperative-pain-management-in-video-assisted-thoracic-surgery-100586209","NCT06912399","Effect of Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Postoperative Pain Management in Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery","Effect of Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Postoperative Pain Management in Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Age 18 years or older;\n2. ASA classification I-III;\n3. No prior taVNS treatment;\n4. Scheduled to undergo VATS (including segmentectomy and lobectomy);\n5. VAS ≥ 30 mm at any time on the day of surgery;\n6. Patients and their families can understand the study design and are willing to cooperate and participate in the study.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Psychiatric disorders or other conditions that prevent cooperation;\n2. Long-term use of steroids or opioids;\n3. Scheduled for bilateral VATS surgery;\n4. History of thoracic surgery;\n5. History of chronic pain, autoimmune diseases, or persistent infections.\n\nWithdrawl Criteria:\n\n1. Patient request;\n2. Surgery cancellation or change in surgical method resulting in failure to meet inclusion criteria;\n3. Severe perioperative complications and adverse events;\n4. Severe intervention-related adverse events.",{"count":546,"type":22},116,[59],"Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a novel pain management technique that has gained popularity in recent years due to its non-invasive nature and ease of operation. Current literature has substantiated its efficacy in managing pain syndromes and chronic pain. However, there is a paucity of evidence regarding its effectiveness in treating acute postoperative pain. This project aims to explore the efficacy of taVNS in postoperative pain management, with a focus on video-assisted thoracic surgery(VATS). The investigators have designed a double-blind, single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial, planning to enroll 116 patients scheduled to undergo VATS(including segmentectomy or lobectomy) under general anesthesia at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Participants will be divided into an intervention group (receiving taVNS) and a sham intervention group (receiving sham-taVNS), and will undergo a 2-hour intervention on the first postoperative day. The primary outcome is the pain relief rate, defined as a reduction of 15mm or 30% in the VAS (1-100mm) score immediately before and after the intervention on the first postoperative day. Secondary outcomes include: the proportion of patients with inadequate analgesia within three days after intervention; the difference in VAS scores immediately before and after the intervention on the first postoperative day; the incidence of opioid-related and taVNS-related side effects from the first to the third postoperative day after intervention; the number of effective and ineffective PCA presses (if used) from the first to the third postoperative day after intervention; the specifics and frequency of additional analgesic measures taken by patients from the first to the third postoperative day after intervention; the difference in RCSQ scores on the night of surgery and the night after intervention; and the probability of patients experiencing surgery-related pain three months after surgery. Follow-up period for this study will be three months after surgery.",[29,550],"VATS",[552,553,550],"TaVNS","Postopearvie pain","2025-03-30",{"date":556,"type":39},"2025-04-04",{"date":558,"type":22},"2025-03-25",{"date":560,"type":22},"2026-12-30",{"name":562,"class":46},"Peking Union Medical College Hospital",{"id":564,"slug":565,"hasResults":12,"nctId":566,"briefTitle":567,"officialTitle":568,"acronym":569,"eligibilityCriteria":570,"healthyVolunteers":18,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":249,"enrollmentInfo":571,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":573,"briefSummary":574,"conditions":575,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":576,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":577,"startDateStruct":579,"completionDateStruct":581,"leadSponsor":582,"locationsCount":106},"100582009","analgesic-and-anti-inflamatory-effect-of-vit-b-100582009","NCT06857734","Analgesic and Anti-inflamatory Effect of Vit. B","The Analgesic and Anti-inflamatory Effect of Vitamin B Versus Vitamin C Infusion in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ; a Randomized Controlled Trial","vit B\u002Fvit C","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adult patients (age 18-60 years)\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification I-II\n* Patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Hypersensitivity to vitamin B complex or vitamin C\n* History of chronic pain or use of opioids within the last month\n* Patient with inflammatory conditions\n* Severe renal or hepatic impairment\n* Patient with intellectual disabilities.",{"count":572,"type":22},90,[59],"Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a potent reducing agent and antioxidant that plays a crucial role in various metabolic processes.Vitamin B complex, a group of eight essential B vitamins, plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism, energy production, and maintaining nervous system health. There are few available studies on the effects of vitamin B injection on plasma inflammatory markers and its adjuvant analgesic effect along with the routine multimodal analgesia. Considering limited research and existing controversies in this field, the aim of present study is to evaluate the effects of preoperative and intraoperative vitamin B12 administration compared to vitamin C when used as a component of the multimodal analgesic technique in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.",[29],"2025-02-27",{"date":578,"type":39},"2025-03-04",{"date":580,"type":22},"2025-03-01",{"date":124,"type":22},{"name":583,"class":46},"Benha University",{"id":585,"slug":586,"hasResults":12,"nctId":587,"briefTitle":588,"officialTitle":589,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":590,"healthyVolunteers":18,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":83,"enrollmentInfo":591,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":593,"briefSummary":594,"conditions":595,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":596,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":597,"startDateStruct":599,"completionDateStruct":601,"leadSponsor":603,"locationsCount":4},"100575929","effectiveness-of-fentanyl-added-tap-block-in-laparoscopic-cholecystectomy-100575929","NCT06778668","Effectiveness of Fentanyl-Added TAP Block in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy","Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Adding Fentanyl to Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients aged 18 to 70 years\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification I-II-III according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists\n* Patients who provide written informed consent\n* Patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pregnancy or suspected pregnancy\n* BMI \\> 35\n* Known allergy to local anesthetics or opioids\n* Suspected coagulopathy or infection at the injection site\n* Severe neurological, psychiatric, cardiovascular, liver, or renal failure\n* Patients converted to open surgery intraoperatively",{"count":592,"type":22},66,[59],"The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of adding fentanyl to the TAP block in laparoscopic cholecystectomy cases. It is hypothesized that the addition of fentanyl to the TAP block will enhance the quality of postoperative analgesia and prolong the duration of blockade compared to the TAP block performed with bupivacaine alone. The study aims to determine the most effective approach by comparing these two treatment methods with a control group.",[29],"2025-01-12",{"date":598,"type":39},"2025-01-16",{"date":600,"type":22},"2025-02-10",{"date":602,"type":22},"2026-02-10",{"name":604,"class":46},"Uludag University",{"id":606,"slug":607,"hasResults":12,"nctId":608,"briefTitle":609,"officialTitle":610,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":611,"healthyVolunteers":18,"sex":19,"minAge":20,"maxAge":398,"enrollmentInfo":612,"targetDuration":613,"studyType":614,"phases":4,"briefSummary":615,"conditions":616,"keywords":617,"overallStatus":96,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":621,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":622,"startDateStruct":624,"completionDateStruct":626,"leadSponsor":628,"locationsCount":106},"100561183","the-effect-of-adding-an-ipack-block-to-the-adductor-canal-block-on-total-knee-arthroplasty-surgery-100561183","NCT06586840","The Effect of Adding an IPACK Block to the Adductor Canal Block on Total Knee Arthroplasty Surgery","The Effect of Adding an IPACK Block to the Adductor Canal Block on Postoperative Pain and Hospital Stay in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty Surgery","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Patients with written informed consent\n2. Patients over 18 years old undergoing elective total knee arthroplasty surgery\n3. Patients with ASA I-II-III\n4. Patients receiving spinal anesthesia\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Revision knee arthroplasty and bilateral total knee arthroplasty\n2. Liver or kidney failure\n3. Patients under 18 years old\n4. Patients receiving general anesthesia\n5. Allergy or intolerance to study medications\n6. Body mass index (BMI) \\> 40 kg\u002Fm²\n7. Chronic use of gabapentin\u002Fpregabalin (regular use for more than 3 months)\n8. Chronic opioid use (opioid use for more than 3 months or daily oral morphine equivalent \\> 5 mg\u002Fday for 1 month)\n9. Patients with ASA IV and those undergoing emergency surgery",{"count":174,"type":22},"5 Days","OBSERVATIONAL","Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a frequently performed major orthopedic surgery, where most patients experience severe postoperative pain. Pain-related delays in patient mobilization can lead to thromboembolism, deep vein thrombosis, surgical site infection, and increased risk of hospital-acquired infections due to prolonged hospital stay. Optimal postoperative knee analgesia is crucial not only for patient comfort and satisfaction but also for accelerating mobilization, functional recovery, and discharge from the hospital. To facilitate early ambulation and superior performance, multimodal analgesia and motor-sparing blocks are increasingly utilized",[29],[618,619,620],"adductor canal block","knee arthroplasty","ipack","2024-09-05",{"date":623,"type":39},"2024-09-19",{"date":625,"type":39},"2024-07-10",{"date":627,"type":22},"2025-04-01",{"name":629,"class":46},"Aydin Adnan Menderes University",{"id":631,"slug":632,"hasResults":12,"nctId":633,"briefTitle":634,"officialTitle":635,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":636,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":19,"minAge":271,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":637,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":23,"phases":639,"briefSummary":640,"conditions":641,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":642,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":643,"startDateStruct":645,"completionDateStruct":646,"leadSponsor":648,"locationsCount":106},"100536070","effect-of-sufentanil-on-the-postoperative-pain-100536070","NCT06260046","Effect of Sufentanil on the Postoperative Pain","Analgesic Effect of Intraoperative Sufentanil on Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Robot-assisted Nephrectomy: a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients who undergo elective robot-assisted nephrectomy surgery\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1,2,3\n* Age \\> 18 years old\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Refuse to participate to the study\n* Allergic history of opioid\n* chronic pain\n* opioid user before surgery\n* MAO inhibitor user\n* Severe respiratory insufficiency",{"count":638,"type":22},48,[59],"This study is a randomized, controlled trial. A total of 48 patients will be randomized to receive sufentanil or remifentanil during robot-assisted nephrectomy surgery.",[29],"2024-02-13",{"date":644,"type":39},"2024-02-15",{"date":512,"type":22},{"date":647,"type":22},"2027-01-15",{"name":390,"class":46}]