[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"refractory-epilepsy\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:refractory-epilepsy":28},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,10,0,[8,50,79,106,134,158,181,207,229,254],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":13,"acronym":14,"eligibilityCriteria":15,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":19,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":23,"briefSummary":25,"conditions":26,"keywords":30,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":38,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":39,"startDateStruct":42,"completionDateStruct":44,"leadSponsor":46,"locationsCount":49},"100643929","phase-3-cannabidiol-as-add-on-therapy-for-children-with-refractory-epilepsy-cbd-un1que-a-high-quality-individualized-approach-a-series-of-n-of-1-trials-100643929",false,"NCT07668856","Cannabidiol as add-on Therapy for Children With Refractory Epilepsy (CBD-uN1que), a High-quality Individualized Approach: a Series of N-of-1 Trials","CBD-uN1que","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Minimum age of 1 year old and maximum age of 18 years old.\n* Confirmed diagnosis of refractory epilepsy according to ILAE criteria\n* At least 4 countable seizures (not all in one week) of epileptic origin, during the 4-week baseline period while receiving care as usual.\n* All medication doses or other interventions for epilepsy must have been stable for one month prior to screening and the participants\u002Fparents and treating physicians are willing to maintain the current treatment regimen throughout the trial.\n* Informed consent\u002F of legal representative\u002F parents.\n* Presence of a consistently available patient caregiver for proxy-reports.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Any known or suspected hypersensitivity to cannabinoids or any of the excipients of the Investigational Medicinal Product (cannabis extract and refined peanut oil, generally safe for patients with peanut allergy)\n* History or current signs of significantly impaired liver function, such as bilirubin level ≥ 2 x upper limit of normal, or presence of liver damage as indicated by levels of alanine aminotransferase and\u002For aspartate aminotransferase ≥ 3 x upper limit.\n* Pregnancy, breastfeeding, or intention to become pregnant throughout the trial or within 3 months of completing treatment\n* Cardiac disease including: Structural heart disease with hemodynamic significance, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, Brugada syndrome, long-QT syndrome, cardiac arrythmia\n* Glaucoma\n* Ongoing evaluation for epilepsy surgery\n* Implementation of vagal nerve stimulation within 3 months prior to screening and unwillingness to delay inclusion until stable settings of vagal nerve stimulation are reached\n* Starting a ketogenic diet within 3 months prior to screening and unwillingness to delay inclusion until a stable ketogenic diet is reached\n* Unstable medical condition, other than refractory epilepsy, that is of significant influence on participation in the trial; significance to be determined with the treating physician\u002Fpediatric neurologist\n* History of recreational or medicinal cannabis use, or cannabinoid-based medications, within three months prior to screening and the patient is unwilling to abstain for the duration of the study\n* Planned intervention under general anesthesia interfering with the baseline period; or any planned major surgery within the duration of the trial\n* Expected inability to undergo blood sampling due to anxiety or resistance\n* Use of clobazam dosage of \\> 0,5 mg\u002Fkg\u002Fday in the last month","ALL","1 Year","18 Years",{"count":20,"type":21},50,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[24],"PHASE3","The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if cannabidiol (\"CBD-oil\") works to treat severe epilepsy in children. It will also learn about the safety of cannabidiol. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* Does cannabidiol lower the number of seizure in children with severe epilepsy?\n* Does cannabidiol effect other outcomes such as behaviour, sleep, communication, activities?\n* What medical problems do participants have when taking cannabidiol?\n\nResearchers will compare cannabidiol to a placebo (a look-alike oil that contains no cannabidiol) to see if drug cannabidiol works to treat severe epilepsy. All participants will receive both the cannabidiol and the placebo during different periods. At the end of the trial, we will evaluate for each patient seperately, whether seizures were less or more frequent during cannabidiol periods or placebo periods, to see what works best for every patient seperately.\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* Register their seizures in a digital application during 4 to 6 periods. During these periods, CBD oil of placebo will be provided\n* Take CBD oil during 2 to 3 periods. One period will last around 7 weeks.\n* Also take placebo oil during the other 2 to 3 periods\n* Have a blood test every 7 weeks to monitor for safety and possible adverse effects\n* Visit the clinic once every 15 weeks for checkups and tests\n* Fill in questionnaires about quality of life, functioning, sleep, behaviour, epilepsy severity every 7 weeks.",[27,28,29],"Refractory Epilepsy in Children","Refractory Epilepsy","Epilepsy",[31,32,33,34,35,36],"Refractory epilepsy","rare diseases","Cannabidiol.","bedrolite","n-of-1 trial","medicinal cannabis","RECRUITING","2026-06-19",{"date":40,"type":41},"2026-06-25","ACTUAL",{"date":43,"type":41},"2025-02-06",{"date":45,"type":21},"2027-12",{"name":47,"class":48},"UMC Utrecht","OTHER",1,{"id":51,"slug":52,"hasResults":11,"nctId":53,"briefTitle":54,"officialTitle":55,"acronym":56,"eligibilityCriteria":57,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":58,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":60,"briefSummary":62,"conditions":63,"keywords":65,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":70,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":71,"startDateStruct":73,"completionDateStruct":75,"leadSponsor":76,"locationsCount":78},"100548748","self-administered-one-of-a-kind-approach-to-epilepsy-therapy-through-a-web-based-music-application-100548748","NCT06425029","Self-administered ONe-of-a Kind Approach to Epilepsy Therapy Through a Web-based Music Application","SONATA: Self-administered ONe-of-a Kind Approach to Epilepsy Therapy Through a Web-based Music Application","SONATA","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults with medication-refractory focal epilepsy who have undergone RNS implantation at least six months prior and are in the judgement of the treating physician on a stable RNS regimen in terms of stimulation\n* Willing to attend all study visits and complete all required study procedures\n* Access to private or public wireless data service at regular intervals\n* Access to personal mobile device\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Documentation of a musicogenic, or auditory-triggered focal seizure semiology\n* Participant is unable to reasonably participate in study tasks as determined by the investigator\n* Inability to obtain informed consent from the patient or legally authorized representative",{"count":59,"type":21},24,[61],"NA","This is a prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blinded randomized study of self-administered auditory intervention in a naturalistic home environment.",[29,28,64],"Music",[66,67,68,69],"music","epilepsy","responsive neurostimulation","interictal discharge","2026-05-18",{"date":72,"type":41},"2026-05-20",{"date":74,"type":41},"2025-07-22",{"date":45,"type":21},{"name":77,"class":48},"Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center",2,{"id":80,"slug":81,"hasResults":11,"nctId":82,"briefTitle":83,"officialTitle":84,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":85,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":86,"targetDuration":17,"studyType":88,"phases":4,"briefSummary":89,"conditions":90,"keywords":92,"overallStatus":95,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":96,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":97,"startDateStruct":99,"completionDateStruct":101,"leadSponsor":103,"locationsCount":4},"100634943","post-market-real-world-evidence-registry-for-the-neuroone-onerf-ablation-system-for-epilepsy-100634943","NCT07546253","Post-Market Real-World Evidence Registry for the NeuroOne OneRF® Ablation System for Epilepsy","OneRF® Ablation System Post-Market Real-World Evidence Registry","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Patients diagnosed with drug resistant epilepsy (DRE)\n2. Patients who have received or will receive EVO® sEEG-RF implants\n3. Patients who have undergone or may undergo an RF ablation procedure using the OneRF Ablation System.\n4. Patient, or legal guardian, understands study procedures and voluntarily signs informed consent in accordance with institutional policies. In the event that the patient is under the age of 18, the patient may also be required (per IRB) to sign an assent affirming their agreement to participate.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1\\. Any condition that, in the judgement of the clinician, would make the participant inappropriate for registry participation",{"count":87,"type":21},100,"OBSERVATIONAL","This is a multi-site registry study that aims to collect real-world clinical outcomes and device performance of the OneRF Ablation System. The study focuses on patients with refractory epilepsy who undergo, or are being considered for, sEEG-guided RF ablation using the OneRF Ablation System, as part of routine seizure diagnosis and treatment.",[91,28],"Drug Resistant Epilepsy",[93,94,67],"radiofrequency ablation","sEEG","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-04-16",{"date":98,"type":41},"2026-04-22",{"date":100,"type":21},"2026-07",{"date":102,"type":21},"2028-07",{"name":104,"class":105},"NeuroOne Medical Technologies Corporation","INDUSTRY",{"id":107,"slug":108,"hasResults":11,"nctId":109,"briefTitle":110,"officialTitle":111,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":112,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":113,"maxAge":114,"enrollmentInfo":115,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":116,"briefSummary":117,"conditions":118,"keywords":120,"overallStatus":95,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":125,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":126,"startDateStruct":128,"completionDateStruct":130,"leadSponsor":132,"locationsCount":49},"100616415","characterising-the-network-specific-effects-of-piriform-cortex-stimulation-via-seeg-100616415","NCT07305311","Characterising the Network-Specific Effects of Piriform Cortex Stimulation Via SEEG","Characterising the Network-Specific Effects of Piriform Cortex Stimulation Via SEEG With Multimodal Data Integration","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* The patients were diagnosed with drug-resistant epilepsy.\n* The patients underwent stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) implantation for pre-surgical evaluation of epilepsy, with at least one electrode target reaching the piriform cortex\n* Participants\u002Fparents\u002Flegal guardian provide informed consent for inclusion\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Subjects that experience surgical complications during the implant procedure will be excluded from the study","14 Years","65 Years",{"count":5,"type":21},[61],"The prospective study aims to characterize the network-specific modulatory effects of piriform cortex stimulation in patients undergoing stereotactic EEG for drug-resistant epilepsy. Using multimodal data, it seeks to link stimulation-evoked electrophysiological responses across brain networks with clinical outcomes, to inform targeted neuromodulation therapies.",[28,119],"Neuromodulation",[121,122,123,124],"SEEG","Piriform cortex","Electrical stimulation","Electrophysiology","2025-12-12",{"date":127,"type":41},"2025-12-26",{"date":129,"type":21},"2025-12-08",{"date":131,"type":21},"2027-11-08",{"name":133,"class":48},"Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing",{"id":135,"slug":136,"hasResults":11,"nctId":137,"briefTitle":138,"officialTitle":138,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":139,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":140,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":142,"briefSummary":144,"conditions":145,"keywords":147,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":149,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":150,"startDateStruct":152,"completionDateStruct":154,"leadSponsor":156,"locationsCount":49},"100477189","early-phase-1-optimization-of-deep-brain-stimulation-parameters-in-patients-with-medically-refractory-epilepsy-100477189","NCT05493722","Optimization of Deep Brain Stimulation Parameters in Patients With Medically Refractory Epilepsy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* medically refractory epilepsy\n* already have a deep brain stimulator in place\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* severe dementia at investigator discretion",{"count":141,"type":21},20,[143],"EARLY_PHASE1","Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is used to treat epilepsy in cases where patients are medically refractory and are not candidates for surgical resection. This therapy has been shown to be effective in seizure reduction, yet very few patients achieve the ultimate goal of seizure freedom. Implantable neural stimulators (INSs) have many parameters that may be adjusted, and could be tuned to achieve very patient specific therapies. This study will develop a platform for stimulation setting optimization based on power spectral density (PSD) measures.",[28,146],"Deep Brain Stimulation",[28,148],"deep brain stimulation","2025-10-22",{"date":151,"type":41},"2025-10-24",{"date":153,"type":41},"2023-09-15",{"date":155,"type":21},"2030-01-15",{"name":157,"class":48},"University of Minnesota",{"id":159,"slug":160,"hasResults":11,"nctId":161,"briefTitle":162,"officialTitle":162,"acronym":163,"eligibilityCriteria":164,"healthyVolunteers":165,"sex":16,"minAge":18,"maxAge":166,"enrollmentInfo":167,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":169,"briefSummary":170,"conditions":171,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":172,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":173,"startDateStruct":175,"completionDateStruct":177,"leadSponsor":179,"locationsCount":49},"100539480","effect-of-blue-light-on-vagus-nerve-stimulation-in-patients-with-refractory-epilepsy-100539480","NCT06304389","Effect of Blue Light on Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Patients With Refractory Epilepsy","BLUELIGHTVNS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nPatients:\n\nVNS implanted since at least 3 months age \\>18-60 years; IQ \\>55 on Wechsler scale (normal status or mild cognitive impairment)\n\nhealthy participants aged between 18 and 35 years without any medical history (neurological \u002F psychiatric disease)\n\nExclusion criteria:\n\nPatients:\n\nother medical implanted devices than VNS, ocular diseases\n\nHelthy participants:\n\nmedical implanted devices, cerebral trauma, ocular disease",true,"60 Years",{"count":168,"type":21},34,[61],"Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an adjunctive treatment for refractory epilepsy. Although widely used, there is still a substantial number of patients with insufficient response. Light, and particularly blue light, can stimulate alertness, attention and cognition through modulation of anatomical targets which are common to the vagal afferent network. This project aims at understanding how exposure to blue enriched light may influence VNS effects in patients with refractory epilepsy by exploring the modulation of a series of biomarkers of VNS action. This could possibly lead to new therapeutic strategies to increase efficacy of VNS.",[28],"2025-09-03",{"date":174,"type":41},"2025-09-10",{"date":176,"type":41},"2023-07-01",{"date":178,"type":21},"2026-04",{"name":180,"class":48},"Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc- Université Catholique de Louvain",{"id":182,"slug":183,"hasResults":11,"nctId":184,"briefTitle":185,"officialTitle":186,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":187,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":18,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":188,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":190,"briefSummary":192,"conditions":193,"keywords":195,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":198,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":199,"startDateStruct":201,"completionDateStruct":203,"leadSponsor":205,"locationsCount":49},"100440790","phase-2-the-efficacy-of-a-subanesthetic-doses-of-iv-ketamine-in-the-treatment-drug-resistant-epilepsy-100440790","NCT05019885","The Efficacy of a Subanesthetic Doses of IV Ketamine in the Treatment Drug Resistant Epilepsy","A Pilot Study to Assess the Efficacy of Subanesthetic Doses of IV Ketamine in the Treatment Drug Resistant Epilepsy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Provision of signed and dated informed consent form\n* Adults (18 years or older)\n* Cognitively impaired adults are not excluded (i.e. will be included in the study)\n* Established diagnosis of Drug Resistant Epilepsy (DRE) i.e. failed two or more appropriately chosen anti-seizure medications (ASMs)\n* EEG consistent with focal or generalized epilepsy\n* Patients must have \\>4 focal aware, focal impaired aware, focal to bilateral tonic clonic or generalized tonic clonic seizures per month.\n* Patients can be on \\>\u002F= 1 anti-seizure medication (ASM) at the time of enrollment on stable doses 12 weeks prior to initiation\n* Patients on Epilepsy devices: Vagal nerve stimulator (VNS), Deep brain stimulator (DBS) or Responsive Nerve Stimulator (RNS) must have remained stable for at least 4 weeks before the screening visit. Adjustment of devices is not allowed during the study.\n\nExclusion Criteria\n\n* Patients \\\u003C18 years of age\n* Pregnant women\n* Women that are breast feeding\n* Patients who had \\>21 days of seizure freedom in the last year.\n* Patients with a history of status epilepticus within 3 months of screening\n* Patients with a history of alcoholism of drug misuse within the last 2 years\n* Unstable medical illness\n* Serious or imminent suicidal or homicidal risk\n* Patients with cardiovascular disease\n* Patients with schizophrenia\n* Patients with history of aneurysm or aortic dissection, arteriovenous malformation and intracerebral hemorrhage\n* Patients that are immobile i.e. wheel chair bound, bed ridden individuals\n* Patients on psychostimulants (amphetamines, methylphenidate etc.) and Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (selegiline, isocarboxazid, phenelzine etc.)",{"count":189,"type":21},8,[191],"PHASE2","Ketamine is a medication that came into clinical practice in the 1960's. Ketamine is used as an anesthetic and to provide pain relief. Recently, Ketamine was approved to treat drug resistant depression using subanesthetic doses. In the hospital setting, intravenous anesthetic dosages are used to treat unrelenting seizures known as status epilepticus in comatose patients. Ketamine in subanesthetic doses has not been tried as a treatment for medication resistant seizures in the outpatient setting. This study would like to examine the effectiveness of subanesthetic ketamine in outpatients who suffer from drug resistant epilepsy.",[91,194,28],"Medically Refractory Epilepsy",[196,197],"drug resistant epilepsy","subanesthetic Ketamine hydrochloride","2025-08-13",{"date":200,"type":41},"2025-08-15",{"date":202,"type":41},"2022-08-26",{"date":204,"type":21},"2026-03",{"name":206,"class":48},"Madeline Fields",{"id":208,"slug":209,"hasResults":11,"nctId":210,"briefTitle":211,"officialTitle":211,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":212,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":113,"maxAge":114,"enrollmentInfo":213,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":214,"briefSummary":215,"conditions":216,"keywords":218,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":221,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":222,"startDateStruct":224,"completionDateStruct":226,"leadSponsor":228,"locationsCount":49},"100556390","investigating-the-functional-characteristics-during-wakefulness-and-sleep-based-on-seeg-100556390","NCT06524479","Investigating the Functional Characteristics During Wakefulness and Sleep Based on SEEG","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Drug-resistant focal epilepsy\n* Justified SEEG exploration in the context of presurgical assessment of epilepsy\n* Subjects will be a part of the epilepsy-monitoring unit for long-term SEEG recordings and analysis\n* Written non-opposition to study participation\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pregnant women (Contraindication to SEEG exploration)\n* Subjects that experience surgical complications during the implant procedure will be excluded from the study",{"count":141,"type":21},[61],"This study aims to collect electrophysiological and clinical data from patients aged 14-65 with drug-resistant epilepsy who underwent SEEG. The collected data will be analyzed to investigate the functional connectivity during wakefulness and sleep states.",[28,217],"Sleep",[219,220],"homeostatic sleep pressure","synaptic plasticity","2025-06-24",{"date":223,"type":41},"2025-06-27",{"date":225,"type":41},"2024-07-08",{"date":227,"type":21},"2027-10-08",{"name":133,"class":48},{"id":230,"slug":231,"hasResults":11,"nctId":232,"briefTitle":233,"officialTitle":234,"acronym":235,"eligibilityCriteria":236,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":18,"maxAge":114,"enrollmentInfo":237,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":88,"phases":4,"briefSummary":239,"conditions":240,"keywords":242,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":244,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":245,"startDateStruct":247,"completionDateStruct":249,"leadSponsor":251,"locationsCount":253},"100335231","atlas-of-human-cognition-by-seeg-mapcog-seeg-100335231","NCT03644732","Atlas of Human Cognition by SEEG (MAPCOG-SEEG)","Atlas of Human Cognition by SEEG","MAPCOG-SEEG","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Drug-resistant focal epilepsy\n* Justified SEEG exploration in the context of presurgical assessment of epilepsy\n* Written non-opposition to study participation\n* Intellectual capacities compatible with the compliance in the cognitive tasks\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Major Patient undergoing a legal protection measure or patient deprived of liberty as a result of a judicial or administrative decision\n* Impossibility of collecting information on exposure (recent arrival in France, foreign language, etc.)\n* Pregnant women (Contraindication to SEEG exploration)",{"count":238,"type":21},200,"The main objective of MAPCOG\\_SEEG is to create a database including brain recordings of cognition performed in clinical routine in patients during the pre-surgical SEEG assessment. This aims to be able to propose the first atlas of human cognition with a high temporal and spatial resolution.",[28,241],"Focal Epilepsy",[243],"Cognition","2024-03-18",{"date":246,"type":41},"2024-03-19",{"date":248,"type":41},"2018-04-05",{"date":250,"type":21},"2030-09",{"name":252,"class":48},"University Hospital, Grenoble",4,{"id":255,"slug":256,"hasResults":11,"nctId":257,"briefTitle":258,"officialTitle":259,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":260,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":18,"maxAge":261,"enrollmentInfo":262,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":264,"briefSummary":265,"conditions":266,"keywords":271,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":273,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":274,"startDateStruct":276,"completionDateStruct":278,"leadSponsor":280,"locationsCount":49},"100534679","high-definition-transcranial-direct-current-stimulation-hd-tdcs-for-refractory-epilepsy-100534679","NCT06241963","High Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS) for Refractory Epilepsy","The Efficacy, Safety and Mechanism of High Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS) in the Treatment of Refractory Epilepsy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Clinical diagnosis of refractory epilepsy\n* Right-handed and aged 18-50 years old and primary school education or above;\n* No major neurological or mental illness, no head injury, alcohol dependence or drug dependence;\n* During the experiment, the subjects did not smoke, drink, get sick and take psychotropic drugs, and there were no major life events that caused mood changes.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* organic brain injury, neurological diseases or serious physical diseases;\n* Have a history of substance abuse and drug dependence, or have used antipsychotic drugs in the past three months, and have serious suicidal tendencies;\n* There are contraindications for MRI or EEG or transcranial magnetic stimulation.","50 Years",{"count":263,"type":21},90,[61],"To observe the clinical effect and safety of transcranial electrical stimulation on patients with refractory epilepsy before and after treatment and analyze its therapeutic mechanism.",[267,268,269,28,270],"Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","EEG","Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging","Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation",[28,269,268,272],"Transcranial magnetic stimulation","2024-02-15",{"date":275,"type":41},"2024-02-20",{"date":277,"type":21},"2024-02-12",{"date":279,"type":21},"2026-06-30",{"name":281,"class":48},"Anhui Medical University"]