[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"sedation-and-analgesia\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:sedation-and-analgesia":33},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,14,0,[8,49,73,96,137,160,186,213,237,264,300,326,354,375],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":13,"acronym":14,"eligibilityCriteria":15,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":19,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":23,"briefSummary":25,"conditions":26,"keywords":34,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":37,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":38,"startDateStruct":41,"completionDateStruct":43,"leadSponsor":45,"locationsCount":48},"100622004","phase-4-safety-and-efficacy-of-esketamine---dexmedetomidine-combination-versus-dexmedetomidine-monotherapy-for-hyperactive-delirium-in-icu-patients-on-non-invasive-respiratory-support-seed-nirs-trial-study-protocol-of-a-randomized-controlled-trial-100622004",false,"NCT07377981","Safety and Efficacy of Esketamine - Dexmedetomidine Combination Versus Dexmedetomidine Monotherapy for Hyperactive Delirium in ICU Patients on Non-Invasive Respiratory Support (SEED-NIRS Trial): Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial","SEED-NIRS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Age ≥18 years and ≤80 years at the time of randomization;\n2. Hospitalized in the ICU (with an expected ICU stay \\>24 hours);\n3. Patients with hyperactive delirium: meeting criteria for Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU)\\[19\\] positivity (i.e., acute onset or fluctuating course plus inattention, and at least one secondary criterion-disorganized thinking or altered level of consciousness) and having agitation which is diagnosed if the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) score\\[20\\] is superior or equal to +1. (The RASS and CAM-ICU are used to assess sedation and delirium levels. Hyperactive delirium is defined as CAM-ICU positive with RASS \\> +1);\n4. Receiving non-invasive respiratory support (eg. high-flow nasal cannula, CPAP, or non-invasive ventilation) at least for \\>24 hours.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Known or suspected allergy or Contraindications to any of the study drugs;\n2. Severe arrhythmias (e.g., ventricular fibrillation, second- or third-degree atrioventricular block, sick sinus syndrome, ventricular tachycardia, QTc interval ≥470 ms, severe bradycardia (heart rate \\\u003C40 beats per minute), etc.), or left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) \\\u003C30%;\n3. Recent administration of esketamine, dexmedetomidine or haloperidol within previous 72 hours.\n4. Pregnancy or lactation;\n5. Conditions that may affect efficacy assessment or cognitive function testing, such as blindness, deafness, aphasic, or coma patients;\n6. History of epilepsy or seizures;\n7. Patients with an estimated survival period of less than 48 hours as judged by the investigator;\n8. Neuropsychiatric conditions per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V) that may introduce bias (e.g., active substance use disorder, psychosis, etc.), including alcoholism, drug abuse, or use of psychotropic medications;\n9. Patients receiving non-invasive respiratory support via a tracheostomy;\n10. Patients with untreated or inadequately treated hyperthyroidism;\n11. Severe hepatic insufficiency (Child-Pugh grade C);\n12. Severe renal dysfunction, defined as: chronic renal insufficiency with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≤ 29 mL\u002Fmin\u002F1.73 m²; or subjects on long-term maintenance hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis;\n13. A history of sleep disorders requiring medical intervention within the past month;\n14. Patients or their legally authorized representatives (family members) who are unable to cooperate or unwilling to provide written informed consent;\n15. Other conditions deemed unsuitable for inclusion by the investigators.","ALL","18 Years","80 Years",{"count":20,"type":21},388,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[24],"PHASE4","This investigator-initiated, randomized, controlled, single-blind, superiority trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of esketamine combined with dexmedetomidine for the management of agitation or delirium in intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving non-invasive respiratory support. The primary endpoint is a clinically prioritized hierarchical composite endpoint within 28 days, including intubation or tracheostomy, delirium duration, and agitation duration.",[27,28,29,30,31,32,33],"Dexmedetomidine","Ketamine","Analgesia","Respiratory Therapy","Intensive Care Units (ICUs)","Agitation","Sedation and Analgesia",[35,29,32,27,28,31,30],"Sedation and analgesia","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-30",{"date":39,"type":40},"2026-07-02","ACTUAL",{"date":42,"type":21},"2026-08-01",{"date":44,"type":21},"2029-01-01",{"name":46,"class":47},"The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University","OTHER",1,{"id":50,"slug":51,"hasResults":11,"nctId":52,"briefTitle":53,"officialTitle":53,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":54,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":55,"maxAge":56,"enrollmentInfo":57,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":59,"briefSummary":61,"conditions":62,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":64,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":65,"startDateStruct":67,"completionDateStruct":69,"leadSponsor":71,"locationsCount":48},"100644067","phase-1-a-comparive-study-of-ketamine-propofol-versus-dexmedetomidine-propofol-sedation-in-pediatric-patients-undergoing-cardiac-catheterization-for-device-closure-of-simple-left-to-right-shunts-100644067","NCT07669012","a Comparive Study of Ketamine-Propofol Versus Dexmedetomidine-Propofol Sedation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization for Device Closure of Simple Left-to-right Shunts","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 2-12 years, male or female\n* Weight ≥ 10 kg\n* Scheduled for elective transcatheter device closure of a simple left-to-right shunt, including:\n* Secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) suitable for device closure\n* Small muscular ventricular septal defect (VSD) eligible for percutaneous device closure\n* Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure\n* Procedure performed with transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiographic guidance according to the cardiology team's practice\n* ASA physical status II-III\n* Written informed consent obtained from a parent or legal guardian\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Cyanotic congenital heart disease\n* Complex congenital cardiac lesions\n* Risk of pulmonary hypertensive crisis\n* Requirement for general anesthesia and cuffed endotracheal tube at the discretion of the cardiology or anesthesia team\n* Baseline oxygen requirement \\> 2 L\u002Fmin\n* Use of noninvasive ventilation\n* Known allergy or intolerance to ketamine, dexmedetomidine, or propofol\n* Significant hepatic impairment\n* Significant renal impairment\n* Advanced atrioventricular block\n* Clinically significant bradyarrhythmia\n* Uncontrolled epilepsy\n* Raised intracranial pressure\n* Severe obstructive sleep apnea\n* Craniofacial anomalies associated with anticipated difficult airway management\n* BMI \\> 97th percentile when judged to confer high risk of sedation-related airway obstruction\n* Current beta-blocker use\n* Current clonidine use\n* Acute upper respiratory tract infection within 2 weeks before the procedure\n* Emergency or add-on procedures\n* Anticipated procedure duration \\\u003C 20 minutes\n* Anticipated procedure duration \\> 3 hours","2 Years","12 Years",{"count":58,"type":21},124,[60],"PHASE1","This study aims To compare the safety and efficacy of ketamine-propofol versus dexmedetomidine-propofol sedation in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for device closure of simple left-to-right shunts",[33],"RECRUITING","2026-06-20",{"date":66,"type":40},"2026-06-25",{"date":68,"type":40},"2025-10-22",{"date":70,"type":21},"2027-02-15",{"name":72,"class":47},"Ain Shams University",{"id":74,"slug":75,"hasResults":11,"nctId":76,"briefTitle":77,"officialTitle":77,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":78,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":79,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":81,"briefSummary":83,"conditions":84,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":87,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":88,"startDateStruct":90,"completionDateStruct":92,"leadSponsor":94,"locationsCount":48},"100641258","the-impact-of-anaesthesia-on-inflammation-and-netosis-in-hepatocellular-carcinoma-resection-100641258","NCT07657897","The Impact of Anaesthesia on Inflammation and NETosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Resection","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* patients with a hepatocellular carcinoma suitable for RFA\n* tumor measuring up to 3 cm in diameter\n* ASA I, II, or III\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* candidates for surgery\n* chronic immunosuppressive medication\n* contraindications to any of the study medications\n* patients with psychiatric disorders\n* autoimmune disorders\n* corticosteroid-dependent bronchial asthma\n* congenital or acquired coagulation disorders\n* HIV-positive patients\n* pregnant women\n* antiarrhythmic therapy",{"count":80,"type":21},100,[82],"NA","According to recent literature, liver disease causes approximately 2 million deaths annually; 1 million are attributed to the complications of cirrhosis, while the remaining deaths are caused by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The latter currently ranks 16th among the leading causes of death worldwide.\n\nCurrent research focuses on investigating novel therapeutic modalities, optimizing surgical and anesthetic practices, and identifying biological biomarkers to predict disease progression and severity. In this study, we address radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with the goal of improving periprocedural prognosis, recurrence rates, and overall survival. Specifically, we will quantify the expression of NETosis, a relatively novel biomarker with potential therapeutic and prognostic value in HCC progression. NETosis is a regulated form of cell death through which granulocytes release decondensed chromatin and various proteases into the extracellular space, forming a web-like meshwork known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). These structures are actively involved in hepatic tumorigenesis by promoting tumor growth and metastasis.\n\nRecent clinical data reveal that NETs play a key role in:\n\nLocal tumor progression\n\nThe incidence of hepatic metastasis\n\nDirect modulation of the immune response\n\nHepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury\n\nSeveral recent studies demonstrate that the in vivo blockade of NETosis reduces tumor recurrence, mitigates the pro-inflammatory state, and serves as a valuable prognostic indicator in advanced liver disease \\[2,3,4\\]. To suppress NETosis expression and ultimately lower recurrence rates, our protocol evaluates the intraprocedural administration of 1% lidocaine followed by a continuous postoperative intravenous lidocaine infusion.",[85,33,86],"Hepato Cellular Carcinoma (HCC)","Ablation Techniques","2026-06-13",{"date":89,"type":40},"2026-06-18",{"date":91,"type":40},"2024-11-12",{"date":93,"type":21},"2026-11-12",{"name":95,"class":47},"Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy",{"id":97,"slug":98,"hasResults":11,"nctId":99,"briefTitle":100,"officialTitle":101,"acronym":102,"eligibilityCriteria":103,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":104,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":106,"briefSummary":107,"conditions":108,"keywords":115,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":128,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":129,"startDateStruct":131,"completionDateStruct":133,"leadSponsor":135,"locationsCount":48},"100640195","feasibility-of-protocolised-analgosedation-in-ecmo-100640195","NCT07580781","Feasibility of Protocolised Analgosedation in ECMO","Feasibility of a Cluster Randomised Control Trial Evaluating a Co-designed Analgosedation Protocol in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Patients","ECMO-SED","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Aged 18 years and older\n* Receiving IV continuous infusions of analgosedation medication\n* Receiving ECMO treatment\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* There will be no exclusion criteria as analgosedation management is routine for all adult ECMO patients.",{"count":105,"type":21},60,[82],"Sedation (painkillers and sedative drugs) treats pain, reduces suffering, and helps patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remain comfortable. ECMO is a life support machine that provides oxygen and removes waste gases (carbon dioxide) in very sick patients with severe heart or lung failure. About 300-400 patients per year receive ECMO in the UK. These patients are younger and generally more healthy compared to other critically ill patients. However patients that survive ECMO have long-term health problems. These include anxiety, memory problems, withdrawal from medicines, and mobility issues. These problems issues could all be related to the type and amount of sedation given.\n\nA sedation protocol is a way of guiding healthcare professionals how much sedation is given to patients in ICU. Too much sedation can cause confusion, hallucinations, excessive sleepiness, and longer time in hospital. Too little sedation can cause pain, distress, and also a longer time in hospital. Using a sedation protocol in non-ECMO patients has been shown to reduce these complications.\n\nHowever, there are no protocols for giving sedation to ECMO patients in research papers. Investigators know healthcare staff find it difficult to manage sedation, and higher amounts of sedation is given to ECMO patients.\n\nAims:\n\nTo see whether it is possible to run a trial that compares using a sedation protocol against usual care.\n\nDesign\u002Fmethods:\n\nThirty to 60 ECMO patients will be chosen and will be put into one of two groups. One group will receive usual care, and the other will receive care using the sedation protocol. The investigators will collect information from both groups to find out if the study design works and how many patients agree to take part.\n\nPatient and public involvement\u002Fengagement:\n\nThe investigators received feedback from patients and family member participants which helped to design this proposal, the lay summary and what to measure in a trial. They will advise how the investigators should review study findings, and support sharing of results to the public.\n\nImpact\u002Fdissemination:\n\nThe investigators will share findings through social media, patient charities, research papers and conferences.",[109,110,33,111,112,113,114,29],"Intensive Care (ICU)","Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)","Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation","Sedation for Mechanical Ventilation","Cardiogenic Shock","Opioid Analgesia",[116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125,126,127],"extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","sedation","opioid","sedative","analgosedation","mechanical ventilation","ECMO","ICU","Intensive Care Unit","Critical Care","sedation protocol","analgesia","2026-05-05",{"date":130,"type":40},"2026-05-12",{"date":132,"type":21},"2026-09-01",{"date":134,"type":21},"2027-08-31",{"name":136,"class":47},"Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust",{"id":138,"slug":139,"hasResults":11,"nctId":140,"briefTitle":141,"officialTitle":142,"acronym":102,"eligibilityCriteria":143,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":144,"enrollmentInfo":145,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":147,"phases":4,"briefSummary":148,"conditions":149,"keywords":152,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":128,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":154,"startDateStruct":156,"completionDateStruct":158,"leadSponsor":159,"locationsCount":48},"100595479","improving-sedation-practice-in-critically-ill-adult-patients-using-a-co-designed-sedation-protocol-100595479","NCT07032987","Improving Sedation Practice in Critically Ill Adult Patients Using a Co-designed Sedation Protocol","Optimising Analgosedation in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Using a Co-designed Analgosedation Protocol","Stage 1 (multi-centre observational study):\n\nInclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Aged 18 years and older.\n2. Receiving continuous IV infusions of analgosedation (opioids, benzodiazepines, and\u002For propofol).\n3. Receiving ECMO for moderate to severe respiratory failure (PaO2\u002FFiO2 (P\u002FF) ratio \\\u003C20 kilopascals (kPa)) for ≤ 7 days during the week of recruitment.\n4. Non-ECMO ICU patients (control group): must satisfy inclusion criteria 1 and 2, and have received mechanical ventilation for moderate to severe respiratory failure (P\u002FF ratio \\\u003C 20kPa) for at least 48 hours OR mechanical ventilation for cardiovascular disorder (out of hospital cardiac arrest, following cardiothoracic or transplant surgery or percutaneous coronary intervention or acute heart failure).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Anticipated length of ICU stay in recruiting centre for less than 24 hours.\n2. Withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment in the next 24 hours.\n\nStage 2 (mixed methods study):\n\nInclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Healthcare professionals working at one of two ECMO centres (St Thomas' Hospital and Royal Brompton Hospital (part of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust).\n2. ECMO survivors (patients admitted to ICU and survived ECMO organ support) who have returned home, and recovered.\n3. Family members of ECMO survivors, whose relative is no longer hospitalised.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. ECMO survivors currently receiving treatment in hospital.\n2. ECMO survivors with severe cognitive issues (issues with short-term memory and thinking).\n3. ECMO survivors who cannot communicate in English.\n4. Non-ECMO survivors and family members.","100 Years",{"count":146,"type":21},120,"OBSERVATIONAL","Sedation (painkillers and sedative drugs) treats pain, reduces suffering, and helps patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remain comfortable. ECMO is a life support machine that provides oxygen and removes waste gases (carbon dioxide) in very sick patients with severe heart or lung failure. About 300-400 patients per year receive ECMO in the UK. These patients are younger and generally more healthy compared to other critically ill patients. However patients that survive ECMO have long-term health problems. These include anxiety, memory problems, withdrawal from medicines, and mobility issues. These problems issues could all be related to the type and amount of sedation given.\n\nA sedation protocol is a way of guiding healthcare professionals how much sedation is given to patients in ICU. Too much sedation can cause confusion, hallucinations, excessive sleepiness, and longer time in hospital. Too little sedation can cause pain, distress, and also a longer time in hospital. Using a sedation protocol in non-ECMO patients has been shown to reduce these complications.\n\nHowever, there are no protocols for giving sedation to ECMO patients in research papers. The investigators know healthcare staff find it difficult to manage sedation, and higher amounts of sedation is given to ECMO patients.\n\nAims:\n\n* To describe current sedation use in ECMO patients in the UK and compare to non-ECMO critically ill patients.\n* To develop a sedation protocol for ECMO patients with input from patients, their family, and staff.\n\nDesign\u002Fmethods:\n\nStudy 1:\n\nThe investigators will study how sedation is used in adult ECMO patients and compare with non-ECMO but critically ill patients in the UK. The investigators will collect information on drug doses and pain and sedation scores. The investigators will also ask ECMO centres if they use a sedation protocol to adjust sedation doses. This information will be helpful for the design of the protocol in study 2.\n\nStudy 2:\n\nThe investigators will design a sedation protocol with input from patients, family, and staff. The investigators will organise meetings to share experiences and agree on what to include in the protocol that is considered acceptable and safe. The investigators will then assess if the protocol is safe and acceptable with staff outside the co-design group.\n\nPatient and public involvement\u002Fengagement:\n\nThe investigators received feedback from patients and family members which helped to design this proposal, the lay summary and what to measure in a trial. Patients and family members will continue to help with development of the sedation and trial protocol. They will advise how the investigators should review study findings, and support sharing of results to the public.\n\nImpact\u002Fdissemination:\n\nThe investigators will share findings through social media, patient charities, research papers and conferences.",[150,110,33,151,112,113,114,29],"Intensive Care Medicine","ExtraCorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)",[116,117,118,153,120,121,122,123,124,125,126,127],"sedatives",{"date":155,"type":40},"2026-05-08",{"date":157,"type":40},"2025-11-24",{"date":134,"type":21},{"name":136,"class":47},{"id":161,"slug":162,"hasResults":11,"nctId":163,"briefTitle":164,"officialTitle":165,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":166,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":18,"enrollmentInfo":167,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":169,"briefSummary":170,"conditions":171,"keywords":172,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":177,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":178,"startDateStruct":180,"completionDateStruct":182,"leadSponsor":184,"locationsCount":48},"100451629","effect-of-remimazolam-with-protocolized-sedation-on-critical-ill-mechanical-ventilated-patients-compared-with-midazolam-100451629","NCT05160987","Effect of Remimazolam With Protocolized Sedation on Critical Ill, Mechanical Ventilated Patients Compared With Midazolam","Effect of Remimazolam With Protocolized Sedation on Critical Ill, Mechanical Ventilated Patients Compared With Midazolam - A Parallel, Multicenter, Single-blind Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Critical ill patients that are mechanically ventilated within the first 48h of admission to the ICU and who would remain in the ICU for over 72h were enrolled in this study.\n2. Age 18-80 years.\n3. Voluntary informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Surgical treatment is performed within 24 hours.\n2. Craniocerebral injury, post neurosurgery, non drug coma, mental illness or peripheral neuropathy.\n3. Heart rates are less than 50 beats \u002F min or severe atrioventricular block without pacemaker support.\n4. The mean arterial pressure is less than 55 mmHg even though fluids and vasoactive drugs are administrated.\n5. Patients who are known or suspected allergy to benzodiazepines, propofol, dexmedetomidine or opioids.\n6. History of alcohol and drug abuse.\n7. End stages of lung diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis, lung damage, etc.\n8. Pregnancy.",{"count":168,"type":21},440,[82],"In this parallel, multicenter, single-blind randomized controlled trial, mechanical ventilated patients will be randomly assigned to two groups. One receives remimazolam to achieve sedation goals, while the other receives Midazolam. The primary outcome is the effect of remimazolam on duration of mechanical ventilated of critical patients compared to midazolam.",[33],[173,174,175,176],"Remimazolam","Midazolam","duration of mechanical ventilation","Sedation","2026-04-15",{"date":179,"type":40},"2026-04-17",{"date":181,"type":40},"2022-03-29",{"date":183,"type":21},"2027-12-31",{"name":185,"class":47},"Zhujiang Hospital",{"id":187,"slug":188,"hasResults":11,"nctId":189,"briefTitle":190,"officialTitle":191,"acronym":192,"eligibilityCriteria":193,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":194,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":196,"briefSummary":197,"conditions":198,"keywords":201,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":204,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":205,"startDateStruct":207,"completionDateStruct":209,"leadSponsor":211,"locationsCount":48},"100609228","eeg-and-pain-monitor-data-under-anesthesia-to-study-pharmacodynamic-effects-of-opioids-and-sedatives-100609228","NCT07211828","EEG and Pain Monitor Data Under Anesthesia to Study Pharmacodynamic Effects of Opioids and Sedatives","Pharmacodynamic Effects of Propofol and Alfentanil on EEG During Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)","SED-ERCP","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients who under go ERCP who require general anesthesia\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* ASA\\> or = 4 , vulnerable groups such as prisoners, patients with physical or mental disabilities and HIV carriers",{"count":195,"type":21},20,[82],"Recording and analyzing electroencephalogram (EEG) and continuous pain monitor data under anesthesia in order to investigating the pharmacodynamic effects of opioids and sedatives.",[33,199,200],"Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde","Anesthesia, General",[117,202,118,203],"phramacodynamics","ERCP","2026-03-24",{"date":206,"type":40},"2026-03-27",{"date":208,"type":40},"2025-10-10",{"date":210,"type":21},"2028-06-16",{"name":212,"class":47},"Chi Kwan Fung",{"id":214,"slug":215,"hasResults":11,"nctId":216,"briefTitle":217,"officialTitle":218,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":219,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":220,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":222,"briefSummary":224,"conditions":225,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":228,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":229,"startDateStruct":231,"completionDateStruct":233,"leadSponsor":235,"locationsCount":48},"100627024","phase-1-prospective-ir-led-sedation-feasibility-100627024","NCT07443254","Prospective IR-led Sedation Feasibility","Prospective Single-Arm Feasibility Study of IR-led Deep Sedation for Interventional Radiology Procedures Traditionally Performed With Anesthesiology Support","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18 and older\n* Planned to undergo an image-guided IR procedure for which general anesthesia would ordinarily be requested, as determined by the performing IR physician\n* Determined by the performing IR physician to be an appropriate candidate for attempted IR-led ketamine- based deep sedation, with anesthesiology available for escalation if needed\n* Ability to provide written informed consent for participation in a study involving deep sedation\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Ingestion of solid food within 6-8 hours prior to the procedure, per institutional deep sedation guidelines\n* Known allergy or hypersensitivity to ketamine, fentanyl or midazolam\n* Inability to provide informed consent or lack of decision-making capacity\n* Prisoner status\n* Uncontrolled hypertension or other condition in which ketamine-associated sympathetic stimulation would pose unacceptable risk (e.g., aortic dissection, acute myocardial infarction)\n* Pregnancy or lactation, due to contraindication to ketamine\u002Fmidazolam\n* History of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders for which ketamine is contraindicated\n* Medical conditions that, in the judgment of the performing IR physician in consultation with anesthesiology, preclude safe administration of ketamine-based deep sedation",{"count":221,"type":21},40,[60,223],"PHASE2","This study wants to see if some interventional radiology (IR) procedures can be done without using general anesthesia. General anesthesia needs a lot of staff and equipment. It can also cause side effects. There are not enough anesthesia providers, which makes it harder to use for every procedure.\n\nThe researchers will test deep sedation with ketamine instead. They will start with 20 patients. If it works well and is safe, they may include up to 40 patients.\n\nPatients will be asked to join the study before their procedure. The anesthesia team will be told ahead of time and will be ready to help if needed. The IR team will give the deep sedation and follow all safety rules.\n\nThe main goal is to finish the procedure without stopping early or switching to general anesthesia. The study will call this successful if fewer than 10% of cases fail. The researchers will also look at patient pain, patient satisfaction, any side effects, and how long recovery takes.",[226,33,227],"Anesthesia","Interventional Radiology","2026-03-05",{"date":230,"type":40},"2026-03-09",{"date":232,"type":40},"2026-03-02",{"date":234,"type":21},"2027-04-03",{"name":236,"class":47},"CAMC Health System",{"id":238,"slug":239,"hasResults":11,"nctId":240,"briefTitle":241,"officialTitle":241,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":242,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":243,"maxAge":244,"enrollmentInfo":245,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":147,"phases":4,"briefSummary":247,"conditions":248,"keywords":252,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":255,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":256,"startDateStruct":258,"completionDateStruct":260,"leadSponsor":262,"locationsCount":48},"100625481","impact-of-cannabis-use-during-third-molar-surgery-100625481","NCT07423195","Impact of Cannabis Use During Third Molar Surgery","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Provide a signed and dated informed consent form.\n* Willing to comply with all study procedures and be available for the duration of the study.\n* Aged ≥ 16 years old.\n* Presence at least one mandibular 3rd molar\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status class I or II\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pathology (cyst or tumor) associated with the third molar tooth;\n* Health comorbidities (BMI 40 and above, and severe cardiovascular disease);\n* Pregnancy or lactation\n* Anything that would place the individual at increased risk or preclude the individual's full compliance with or completion of the study.","16 Years","99 Years",{"count":246,"type":21},242,"This study is for people scheduled to have their wisdom teeth (third molars) removed and are going to receive drug through an IV to put them to sleep.\n\nThe researchers are studying two groups: one group of people who report using recreational marijuana\u002FTHC\u002Fcannabis and another group who report not using it. They want to look at how both users and non-users do during the tooth removal.",[249,250,33,251],"Cannabis Use","Marijuana Usage","Wisdom Tooth",[253,254,35],"Wisdom tooth","Cannabis use","2026-02-18",{"date":257,"type":40},"2026-02-20",{"date":259,"type":40},"2026-01-14",{"date":261,"type":21},"2030-01",{"name":263,"class":47},"University of Michigan",{"id":265,"slug":266,"hasResults":11,"nctId":267,"briefTitle":268,"officialTitle":268,"acronym":269,"eligibilityCriteria":270,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":271,"maxAge":272,"enrollmentInfo":273,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":275,"briefSummary":277,"conditions":278,"keywords":282,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":291,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":292,"startDateStruct":293,"completionDateStruct":295,"leadSponsor":297,"locationsCount":299},"100592516","phase-3-optimizing-pain-treatment-in-children-on-mechanical-ventilation-100592516","NCT06994442","Optimizing Pain Treatment in Children On Mechanical Ventilation","OPTICOM","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. At least 2 months of age to 17 years 6 months; AND\n2. Acute Respiratory Failure requiring endotracheal intubation; AND\n3. Opioid infusion planned or started; AND\n4. Expected duration of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation \\> 48 hours\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. History of allergic-type reaction to either acetaminophen or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) medications; OR\n2. Active peptic ulcer disease, recent gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation, or history of peptic ulcer disease or gastrointestinal bleeding; OR\n3. Expected need for continuous neuromuscular blockade for more than 24 hours following intubation; OR\n4. Requirement for tight temperature control (defined as the requirement for continuous administration of antipyretic medications to prevent secondary injuries associated with fever); OR\n5. Platelet count \\\u003C 100,000\u002Fmicroliter; OR\n6. Known liver disease (defined as pre-existing diagnosis of hepatic insufficiency, or a serum ALT \\> 5 times upper limit of normal or serum total bilirubin \\> 2 times the upper limit of normal, as defined by hospital laboratory standards); OR\n7. Known kidney disease (defined as pre-existing diagnosis of renal insufficiency, or an estimated creatinine clearance \\\u003C 30 mL\u002Fmin\u002Fm2 obtained within the previous 24-hours prior to eligibility, or high risk of renal failure due to volume depletion); OR\n8. Current treatment with extracorporeal therapies (e.g., ECMO, CVVH, plasma exchange); OR\n9. Cardiac bypass surgery within the past 24 hours prior to eligibility; OR\n10. Requirement for the patient to receive lithium, pentoxifylline or probenecid as part of their routine care; OR\n11. Unable to obtain consent and randomize within 12 hours of eligibility, OR\n12. Positive pregnancy test; OR\n13. Coma, Vegetative State, or Brain Death (Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) score of 5 or 6) suspected or confirmed; OR\n14. Cardiac arrest has occurred within 72 hours of eligibility criteria being met; OR\n15. Limitations in care in place at the time of eligibility, or anticipated to be considered during the 5-day study period, OR\n16. Use of high dose NSAIDS within the prior 6 months, OR\n17. Suspected or confirmed cerebrovascular bleeding or hemorrhagic diathesis","2 Months","17 Years",{"count":274,"type":21},644,[276],"PHASE3","In this clinical trial, investigators want to learn more about using non-opioid pain medications for children with acute respiratory failure. Right now, doctors give these children opioids to help with pain while they are on the ventilator, but investigators don't know if this is the best way to manage their pain. Even with strong doses of opioids, more than 90% of these children still feel pain. Other pain medicines, like acetaminophen (also called Tylenol) and ketorolac (also called Toradol), are available but aren't commonly used because we don't know if they help. The goal of this clinical trial is to test if acetaminophen and\u002For ketorolac can improve pain control and reduce the need for stronger pain medications (opioids) in these children.\n\nTo learn more about this, participants will be randomly placed in one of four study treatment groups. This means that a computer will decide by chance which group each participant is in, not the doctors running the study. Each group will receive a combination of intravenous acetaminophen, ketorolac or a harmless substance called a placebo. In this clinical trial, placebos help investigators see if the actual medications (acetaminophen and ketorolac) work better than something that doesn't contain medicine. By comparing participants who get the real medicine with those who get the placebo, investigators can find out if these medications effectively decrease pain.",[279,280,281,33],"Mechanical Ventilation","Pediatric Acute Respiratory Failure","Analgesics, Opioid",[283,284,285,286,287,288,289,290,117],"Acetaminophen","Ketorolac","Non-opioids","Acute Respiratory Failure in Children","Mechanically Ventilated Children in the ICU","Pediatric Delirium","Pain Treatment","opioids","2026-02-17",{"date":257,"type":40},{"date":294,"type":40},"2025-12-29",{"date":296,"type":21},"2029-08-31",{"name":298,"class":47},"Weill Medical College of Cornell University",15,{"id":301,"slug":302,"hasResults":11,"nctId":303,"briefTitle":304,"officialTitle":304,"acronym":305,"eligibilityCriteria":306,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":307,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":147,"phases":4,"briefSummary":309,"conditions":310,"keywords":313,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":316,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":317,"startDateStruct":319,"completionDateStruct":321,"leadSponsor":323,"locationsCount":325},"100606999","prevalence-of-pain-in-mechanically-ventilated-patients-in-intensive-care-units-100606999","NCT07182851","Prevalence of Pain in Mechanically Ventilated Patients in Intensive Care Units","PainICU","Inclusion Criteria\n\nParticipants of both sexes, aged 18 or over;\n\nParticipants who are using invasive mechanical ventilation,\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nParticipants undergoing treatment with neuromuscular blockers,;\n\nParticipants with any condition associated with altered pain perception (e.g., Guillain-Barré Syndrome, SCI, etc.);\n\nParticipants with any condition that would likely interfere with behavioral assessments of pain (e.g., decortication or decerebration posture)\n\nAs the assessments will be carried out before and after the tracheal aspiration procedure, if the patient does not have objective criteria for tracheal aspiration, he\u002Fshe will be excluded from the study, irrefutably preventing the procedure from being carried out without express need.",{"count":308,"type":21},370,"Introduction: Pain is a subjective symptom, a physiological response that is difficult to assess, which affects the body physically and\u002For emotionally. It is a common phenomenon among clinical and surgical patients in Intensive Care Units (ICU). And its effects are the combined results of physiological and behavioral aggressions caused by clinical conditions, immobility and the execution of common procedures in ICU's. The presence of pain appears to be independently associated with worse clinical outcomes, including higher infection rates, patient-ventilator asynchronies, delirium, prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV), length of hospital stay and higher healthcare costs. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of pain and its associated factors in mechanically ventilated surgical patients in ICU's. Methods: This is a cohort, prospective, multicenter study designed to estimate the prevalence of pain, its intensity, its associated factors, correlating them to outcomes such as patient-ventilator asynchrony rate, time to weaning, and 28-day mortality in mechanically ventilated patients. All research participants who meet the inclusion criteria and who are not using neuromuscular blockers, or have any other condition associated with altered pain perception, will be evaluated using the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) and the Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) on the 2nd day of mechanical ventilation and on the first day of awakening, when the RASS scale is between 4 and -2. At the same time, data will be collected on the ongoing sedoanalegesia strategy, and the asynchrony index will be calculated \\[(Nº of asynchronous ventilatory cycles\u002FNº of ventilatory cycles studied) \\*100\\]. The end point of the research will be 28 days, where the time until weaning, time until discharge or death will be established using the Kaplan-Meier estimators. Expected results: The prevalence of pain and its intensity is associated with the presence of patient-ventilator asynchronies and thus with harsh outcomes related to the length of stay in the ICU, time until weaning and thirty-day mortality in the ICU. It is estimated that there is agreement between the BPS and CPOT scales in mechanically ventilated patients.",[33,311,312],"Pain Intensity Assessment","Mechanical Ventilation Complication",[121,314,315],"intensive care unit","Pain Assessment","2025-09-17",{"date":318,"type":40},"2025-09-19",{"date":320,"type":40},"2025-06-01",{"date":322,"type":21},"2026-03-31",{"name":324,"class":47},"Centro Universitário Augusto Motta",4,{"id":327,"slug":328,"hasResults":11,"nctId":329,"briefTitle":330,"officialTitle":331,"acronym":332,"eligibilityCriteria":333,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":55,"maxAge":334,"enrollmentInfo":335,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":22,"phases":336,"briefSummary":337,"conditions":338,"keywords":341,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":345,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":346,"startDateStruct":348,"completionDateStruct":350,"leadSponsor":352,"locationsCount":4},"100606787","phase-1-children-of-age-2-6years-undergoing-elective-surgery-will-be-divided-into-two-groups-randomly-this-study-aims-to-evaluate-if-intranasal-dexmedetomidine-is-better-than-intranasal-ketamine-in-producing-sedation-and-reducing-parent-separation-anxiety-before-surgery-100606787","NCT07180095","Children of Age 2-6years Undergoing Elective Surgery Will be Divided Into Two Groups Randomly. This Study Aims to Evaluate if Intranasal Dexmedetomidine is Better Than Intranasal Ketamine in Producing Sedation and Reducing Parent Separation Anxiety Before Surgery.","Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Versus Intranasal Ketamine for Preoperative Sedation in Pediatrics","DREAM-Kids","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* American society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) class-I and II\n* Children 2-6 years of age undergoing elective surgery\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Known hypersensitivity to study drugs\n* Refusal of consent\n* Known renal, hepatic or cardiac dysfunction\n* Nasal deformity or pathology\n* Recent upper respiratory infection (within 2 weeks)\n* Children undergoing neurosurgery or ophthalmic surgery","6 Years",{"count":105,"type":21},[60,223],"This study aims to compare intranasal dexmedetomidine versus intranasal ketamine as a premedication in children undergoing surgery in our population. Hypothesis is Intranal dexmedetomidine is better than intranasal ketamine in producing preoperative sedation in pediatric patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia.",[176,339,340,33],"Preoperative Anxiety Experienced by the Pediatric Patient","Anxiolytic Effect",[342,343,27,344],"Preoperative Sedation","Hemodynamic changes","Dexmedetomidine vs Ketamine","2025-09-11",{"date":347,"type":40},"2025-09-18",{"date":349,"type":21},"2026-01-01",{"date":351,"type":21},"2026-07-30",{"name":353,"class":47},"Liaquat National Hospital & Medical College",{"id":355,"slug":356,"hasResults":11,"nctId":357,"briefTitle":358,"officialTitle":358,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":359,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":360,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":147,"phases":4,"briefSummary":361,"conditions":362,"keywords":364,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":367,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":368,"startDateStruct":369,"completionDateStruct":371,"leadSponsor":373,"locationsCount":48},"100604221","no-sedation-versus-daily-interruption-of-sedation-in-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-mechanically-ventilated-patients--a-prospective-study-100604221","NCT07146698","No Sedation Versus Daily Interruption of Sedation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Mechanically Ventilated Patients- A Prospective Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients of both sex aged 18 years or older\n* The study will include 60 patients divided into 2 equal groups\n* Invasive mechanical ventilation\n* Patients with COPD patients (post-bronchodilator FEV1\u002FFVC\\\u003C 70, and under follow through the department outpatient clinic) exacerbation admitted to the ICU and required invasive mechanical ventilation were recruited.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nAllergy to sedative which will be used\n\n* renal or hepatic impairment\n* proven or suspected psychiatric or neurological impairment\n* pregnancy",{"count":105,"type":21},"this study is to compare no-sedation versus daily interruption of sedation (DIS) in Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients receiving mechanical ventilation upon the ventilator-free days.",[363,33],"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)",[365,366],"Choronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease (COPD)","sedation and analgesia","2025-09-10",{"date":345,"type":40},{"date":370,"type":40},"2024-11-01",{"date":372,"type":21},"2025-10",{"name":374,"class":47},"Benha University",{"id":376,"slug":377,"hasResults":11,"nctId":378,"briefTitle":379,"officialTitle":380,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":381,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":17,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":382,"targetDuration":384,"studyType":147,"phases":4,"briefSummary":385,"conditions":386,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":36,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":390,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":391,"startDateStruct":393,"completionDateStruct":395,"leadSponsor":396,"locationsCount":4},"100603125","sedation-and-analgesia-bundled-strategies-among-icu-nurses-100603125","NCT07132450","Sedation and Analgesia Bundled Strategies Among ICU Nurses","Current Practice of Sedation and Analgesia Bundled Strategies Among ICU Nurses: A National Cross-sectional Survey","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. possessing a valid nurse professional qualification certificate,\n2. having worked in an ICU for a minimum of one year.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. nurses who were not working in the ICU during the study period\n2. those in rotation or undergoing advanced training. All subjects must sign the online informed consent form before filling out the questionnaire.",{"count":383,"type":21},228,"1 Day","This is a prospective observational study to investigate the current clinical practice status of sedation and analgesia bundled strategies among ICU nurses",[33,387,388,389],"Delirium","Family Invlovement\u002FEmpowerment","Early Mobilization","2025-08-13",{"date":392,"type":40},"2025-08-20",{"date":394,"type":21},"2025-08-30",{"date":349,"type":21},{"name":397,"class":47},"Ruijin Hospital"]