[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"sedation\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:sedation":29},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":7,"results":8},null,30,0,25,[9,48,74,101,140,169,210,235,260,282,315,353,378,402,421,447,480,501,525,549,575,603,634,655,677],{"id":10,"slug":11,"hasResults":12,"nctId":13,"briefTitle":14,"officialTitle":15,"acronym":16,"eligibilityCriteria":17,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":20,"enrollmentInfo":21,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":25,"briefSummary":27,"conditions":28,"keywords":31,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":36,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":37,"startDateStruct":40,"completionDateStruct":42,"leadSponsor":44,"locationsCount":47},"100592983","phase-4-inhaled-sedation-in-critically-ill-patients-100592983",false,"NCT07000526","Inhaled Sedation in Critically Ill Patients","Inhaled Sedation in Critically Ill Patients: a Multicentre Randomized Clinical Trial","IS-CRITIC","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n\\- Adult patients receiving mechanical ventilation, with an anticipated duration \\>48 hours after randomization, and requiring deep sedation (target RASS between -3 and -5).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Contraindication to isoflurane or propofol\n* Patients with maternal ancestry from Venezuela, due to the potential presence of an mt-ND4 gene mutation associated with neurological injury after exposure to certain volatile anaesthetic agents\n* Significant air leak, defined as a leak exceeding 30% of the delivered minute ventilation\n* Allergy to isoflurane or propofol\n* Cardiopulmonary arrest\n* History of ventricular tachycardia or long QT syndrome\n* Tidal volume \\\u003C 300 mL or PaCO₂ \\> 50 mmHg at the time of randomization.\n* Invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours at the time of randomization.\n* Pregnancy\n* Breast feeding\n* Acute neurological condition\n* Patients expected to require repeated surgical interventions during their ICU stay.\n* ECMO\n* ECCO2R\n* Active humidification strictly required\n* Neuromuscular disease or high spinal cord injury likely to prevent discontinuation of mechanical ventilation due to baseline condition\n* Requirement for benzodiazepine use for a specific indication\n* Burns\n* Life expectancy less than 48 hours, or patients with such a level of severity that death during the ICU stay is considered highly likely.\n* Any condition (e.g., blindness, deafness, dementia) or language barrier that prevents the administration of delirium or cognitive assessment scales.\n* Lack of informed consent","ALL","18 Years","80 Years",{"count":22,"type":23},620,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[26],"PHASE4","The proposal of this study is to compare inhaled sedation with isoflurane administered via the Sedaconda ACD-S system with intravenous sedation with propofol. Patients will be randomized 1:1 to receive either inhaled sedation with isoflurane administered via the Sedaconda ACD device (Sedana Medical, Uppsala, Sweden) or intravenous propofol. The primary endpoint is the number of ventilator-free days at 28 days after randomization.",[29,30],"Sedation","Airway Extubation",[32,33,34],"Inhaled sedation","Mechanical ventilation","Delirium","RECRUITING","2026-06-26",{"date":38,"type":39},"2026-06-29","ACTUAL",{"date":41,"type":39},"2025-12-15",{"date":43,"type":23},"2027-12",{"name":45,"class":46},"Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz","OTHER",22,{"id":49,"slug":50,"hasResults":12,"nctId":51,"briefTitle":52,"officialTitle":53,"acronym":54,"eligibilityCriteria":55,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":56,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":57,"briefSummary":59,"conditions":60,"keywords":61,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":64,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":65,"startDateStruct":67,"completionDateStruct":69,"leadSponsor":71,"locationsCount":73},"100609783","bispectral-monitoring-on-mechanically-ventilated-patients-100609783","NCT07219069","Bispectral Monitoring on Mechanically Ventilated Patients","Bispectral Monitoring on Mechanically Ventilated Patients, a Randomized Clinical Trial. (BIMV Trial)","BIMV","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Admission to the medical ICU\n* Intubated on mechanical ventilation\n* On sedation medication infusion\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients with a history of chronic opioid use\n* Patients with end-stage liver disease at ICU admission (i.e., International normalized ratio \\>1.5 and not taking warfarin and\u002For a total serum bilirubin 1.5 times above normal limits)\n* Pregnant patients\n* Current prisoner\n* Refractory shock: Mean arterial blood pressure below 65 millimeters of mercury(65mmHg) despite maximum doses of 3 pressors. Norepinephrine 70mcg\u002Fmin; vasopressin 0.03 units\u002Fmin; epinephrine 35mcg\u002Fmin; dopamine 20mcg\u002Fkg\u002Fmin and phenylephrine 350mcg\u002Fmin\n* Inability to complete the required time for follow-up\n* Surgical admission diagnosis\n* Patients with skin conditions precluding BIS monitor sensor adherence\n* Patients on neuromuscular blockade infusion or benzodiazepine infusion",{"count":5,"type":23},[58],"NA","The purpose of this study is to determine the difference in the duration of mechanical ventilation, to evaluate the difference in ICU length of stay and to determine the difference in the overall dose of sedation medications between the between participants who were monitored using Bispectral index monitoring (BIS) monitors and those who were not.",[29],[62,63],"sedation","Bispectral Monitoring","2026-06-20",{"date":66,"type":39},"2026-06-25",{"date":68,"type":39},"2025-11-01",{"date":70,"type":23},"2026-11-01",{"name":72,"class":46},"The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston",1,{"id":75,"slug":76,"hasResults":12,"nctId":77,"briefTitle":78,"officialTitle":79,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":80,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":81,"enrollmentInfo":82,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":84,"briefSummary":85,"conditions":86,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":92,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":93,"startDateStruct":95,"completionDateStruct":97,"leadSponsor":99,"locationsCount":73},"100560314","phase-4-efficacy-and-safety-of-remimazolam-besylate-for-sedation-in-post-non-cardiac-surgery-patients-requiring-mechanical-ventilation-100560314","NCT06575530","Efficacy and Safety of Remimazolam Besylate for Sedation in Post-Non-Cardiac Surgery Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation","Efficacy and Safety of Remimazolam Besylate for Sedation in Post-Non-Cardiac Surgery Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Aged between 18 and 64 years\n* Scheduled to undergo elective non-cardiac surgery\n* Planned for general anesthesia\n* With or without combined regional nerve blockade\n* Admitted to the ICU with endotracheal intubation post-surgery\n* With an anticipated duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation greater than 24 hours\n* Clinically requiring light sedation( target RASS score 0 to -2)\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Undergoing intracranial surgery, or having a history of severe neurological or spinal cord diseases\n* Pre-existing history of schizophrenia, epilepsy, or Parkinson's disease\n* Inability to communicate preoperatively due to coma, severe dementia, or language barriers\n* Preoperative .cardiac insufficiency or severe cardiac arrhythmias\n* Severe hepatic impariment( Child-Pugh class C)\n* Severe renal impariment\n* Preoperative( within 24 hours prior to surgery) or intraoperative administration of dexmedetomidine or remimazolam\n* Pregnancy or lactation\n* Participation in any clinical trial involving investigational drugs within 30 days prior to enrollment\n* Any other conditions deemed by the investigators to render the patient unsuitable for study participation\n* Refusal to provide written informed consent","64 Years",{"count":83,"type":23},306,[26],"A multi-center, prospective, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, no-inferiority clinical trial conducted across 5 tertiary medical centers in China. The objective of this RCT is to evaluate the sedative efficacy and safety profile of remimazolam besylate compared with dexmedetomidine in patients requiring mechanical ventilation following non-cardiac surgery. The study hypothesized that remimazolam besylate is non-inferior to dexmedetomidine regarding the primary efficacy outcome.",[87,88,89,90,91,29],"Effect of Drug","Adverse Drug Event","Mechanical Ventilation Complication","Critical Illness","Surgery","2026-06-13",{"date":94,"type":39},"2026-06-16",{"date":96,"type":39},"2025-01-20",{"date":98,"type":23},"2026-06-30",{"name":100,"class":46},"Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University",{"id":102,"slug":103,"hasResults":12,"nctId":104,"briefTitle":105,"officialTitle":106,"acronym":107,"eligibilityCriteria":108,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":109,"targetDuration":111,"studyType":112,"phases":4,"briefSummary":113,"conditions":114,"keywords":118,"overallStatus":130,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":131,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":132,"startDateStruct":134,"completionDateStruct":136,"leadSponsor":138,"locationsCount":73},"100641518","prospective-multicentre-observational-registry-of-peri-procedural-anaesthesia-sedation-and-related-medication-exposure-in-patients-with-brugada-syndrome-100641518","NCT07655102","Prospective Multicentre Observational Registry of Peri-procedural Anaesthesia, Sedation and Related Medication Exposure in Patients With Brugada Syndrome","BRUGADA-ANAESTHESIA Registry: Prospective Multicentre Observational Registry of Peri-procedural Anaesthesia, Sedation and Related Medication Exposure in Patients With Brugada Syndrome","PROSP_BRUGANAE","Patients should match all the inclusion criteria to be entered for data collection:\n\n* Documented type 1 Brugada ECG pattern (spontaneous, fever-related, or induced by sodium-channel blocker challenge\u002Fother recognised provocation test) with a diagnosis considered compatible with Brugada syndrome by the treating cardiology team.\n* Undergoing general anaesthesia, monitored sedation, loco-regional anaesthesia for any surgical, diagnostic, interventional, obstetric or other non-surgical procedure (including epidural analgesia for labour and sedation for endoscopy).\n\nPatients with one or more exclusion criteria will not be included for data collection and analysis:\n\n* No documented type 1 Brugada ECG pattern, uncertain diagnosis without sufficient supporting data.\n* Refusal to participate in the study.",{"count":110,"type":23},200,"30 Days","OBSERVATIONAL","The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the perioperative risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias in adult patients diagnosed with Brugada Syndrome undergoing anaesthetic procedures. Brugada Syndrome is a rare inherited cardiac condition associated with an increased risk of life-threatening arrhythmias, and perioperative management remains challenging due to limited high-quality evidence.\n\nThe main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* What is the incidence of malignant ventricular arrhythmias during anaesthesia and up to 30 days after the procedure?\n* Are anaesthetic drugs traditionally considered \"non-recommended\" associated with an increased risk of perioperative arrhythmic events?\n\nResearchers will also explore the relative contribution of anaesthetic drugs versus perioperative physiological factors (e.g., haemodynamic changes, fever, bradycardia) in triggering arrhythmias.\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* Undergo anaesthetic procedures (general, locoregional, or sedation) as part of routine clinical care\n* Have clinical data collected prospectively from electronic medical records during the perioperative period\n* Be followed for 30 days after the procedure to assess outcomes, including arrhythmias, complications, ICU admission, and mortality\n\nThis is a multicentre, prospective observational registry, and no additional interventions or changes to standard clinical practice will be performed.",[115,116,117,29],"Brugada Syndrome (BrS)","Ventricular Arrhythmia","Anesthesia",[119,120,117,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129],"Brugada Syndrome","Anaesthesia","Perioperative Care","Ventricular Arrhythmias","Cardiac Arrhythmias","Perioperative Risk","Anesthetic Drugs","Propofol","Sodium Channel Blockers","Observational Registry","Multicentre Study","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-12",{"date":133,"type":39},"2026-06-17",{"date":135,"type":23},"2026-07-20",{"date":137,"type":23},"2028-12-20",{"name":139,"class":46},"Hospital Clinic of Barcelona",{"id":141,"slug":142,"hasResults":12,"nctId":143,"briefTitle":144,"officialTitle":145,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":146,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":147,"enrollmentInfo":148,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":150,"briefSummary":151,"conditions":152,"keywords":156,"overallStatus":130,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":160,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":161,"startDateStruct":162,"completionDateStruct":164,"leadSponsor":166,"locationsCount":4},"100643045","opioid-free-versus-opioid-based-sedation-for-endoscopic-procedures-100643045","NCT07649746","Opioid-Free Versus Opioid-Based Sedation for Endoscopic Procedures","Evaluation of an Opioid-Free Approach in Sedation Method Selection in Endoscopy Units: A Prospective Randomized Observational Double-Blind Comparison of Dexmedetomidine (Opioid-Free) and Remifentanil-Dexmedetomidine (Opioid-Based) Combination","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18 to 85 years\n* ASA physical status I-III\n* Scheduled for ERCP, gastroscopy, or colonoscopy\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Refusal to participate in the study\n* Inability to communicate\n* Alcohol or substance abuse\n* Neuropsychiatric disease\n* Severe respiratory failure\n* Severe heart failure\n* Pregnancy\n* Body mass index (BMI) \\>30 kg\u002Fm²\n* Hearing impairment\n* History of allergy to study medications\n* Requirement for orotracheal intubation or general anesthesia\n* Procedures lasting less than 20 minutes","85 Years",{"count":149,"type":23},80,[58],"This study will compare two different sedation approaches used during gastroscopy, colonoscopy, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). One group will receive dexmedetomidine alone (opioid-free sedation), while the other group will receive dexmedetomidine combined with remifentanil (opioid-based sedation).\n\nThe purpose of the study is to determine whether an opioid-free sedation approach can reduce opioid-related adverse symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, headache, and fatigue. The study will also evaluate quality of recovery, patient and healthcare staff satisfaction, hemodynamic effects, complications, and time to discharge after the procedure.",[29,153,154,155],"Endoscopy","Colonoscopy","Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)",[157,158,159,29,153],"Dexmedetomidine","Opioid-Free Sedation","Remifentanil","2026-06-10",{"date":94,"type":39},{"date":163,"type":23},"2026-06",{"date":165,"type":23},"2028-02",{"name":167,"class":168},"Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital","OTHER_GOV",{"id":170,"slug":171,"hasResults":12,"nctId":172,"briefTitle":173,"officialTitle":173,"acronym":174,"eligibilityCriteria":175,"healthyVolunteers":176,"sex":18,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":177,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":112,"phases":4,"briefSummary":178,"conditions":179,"keywords":183,"overallStatus":130,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":199,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":200,"startDateStruct":202,"completionDateStruct":204,"leadSponsor":206,"locationsCount":209},"100643789","neonatal-neurological-observation-with-video-ai-100643789","NCT07628829","Neonatal Neurological Observation With Video AI","NeoNOVA","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Signed and dated informed consent from at least one parent or legally authorized representative (LAR) who is at least 18 years old.\n* Parent\u002FLAR expresses willingness to comply with study procedures for the duration of the infant's hospital stay.\n* Infant of any sex (including intersex\u002Fundetermined) admitted to newborn services (including the NICU) at a participating hospital.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Parents or LAR unable to provide informed consent or are under the age of 18.\n* Non-viable neonates",true,{"count":110,"type":23},"NeoNOVA is a multi-site, prospective, single-arm, silent observational study to determine: among (Population) infants admitted to newborn services during their inpatient hospital stay, whether (Intervention) continuous bedside non-contact high definition video running real-time AI analysis of anatomic landmarks and movement, (Comparison) compared against human-labeled video frames and standardized clinical exams, will (Outcome) accurately localize infant anatomic landmarks (primary objective; outcome median position error in pixels) and demonstrate a statistically significant association between a video-derived movement index and clinical measures of patient neurological exams (secondary objective; outcomes N-PASS and modified Sarnat exams).",[180,181,29,182],"Neonatal Encephalopathy","Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy","Sleep",[184,185,186,187,188,189,190,191,192,29,193,194,195,196,197,198],"Pose AI","Neonatal","Neonate","AI","Video AI","artificial intelligence","computer vision","NICU","Encephalopathy","neonatal monitoring","movement analysis","pose estimation","machine learning","neurological assessment","spontaneous movement","2026-06-05",{"date":201,"type":39},"2026-06-08",{"date":203,"type":23},"2026-06-01",{"date":205,"type":23},"2029-05-31",{"name":207,"class":208},"Artemis AI Labs","INDUSTRY",2,{"id":211,"slug":212,"hasResults":12,"nctId":213,"briefTitle":214,"officialTitle":215,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":216,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":81,"enrollmentInfo":217,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":219,"briefSummary":220,"conditions":221,"keywords":223,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":227,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":228,"startDateStruct":230,"completionDateStruct":232,"leadSponsor":233,"locationsCount":73},"100632730","light-and-anesthesia-100632730","NCT07517484","Light and Anesthesia","Effects and Mechanisms of Ambient Light Intensity on the Depth of General Anesthesia","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* a. Age between 18 and 65 years, regardless of gender;\n* b. ASA physical status I-II;\n* c. 18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 28;\n* d. Signed written informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* a. Blindness or history of photosensitivity disorders;\n* b. Patients requiring medication for sleep, or with a history of sleep disorders;\n* c. Presence of neurological diseases;\n* d. Pregnancy;\n* e. Severe hepatic or renal dysfunction;\n* f. History of anesthetic drug abuse or alcohol abuse;\n* g. History of adverse anesthesia events (difficult airway, allergy to anesthetic agents).",{"count":218,"type":23},66,[58],"The objective of this clinical trial is to investigate the effect of light exposure on sedation depth during general anesthesia.The primary research questions this study aims to address include:\n\nDoes light condition affect the dosage of anesthetic medications during anesthesia? By what mechanism does light exposure exert an influence on anesthesia? Participants will be randomly allocated to either the light-shielded group or the non-light-shielded group.Patients in the light-shielded group will wear an eye shield during anesthesia.\n\nThe following data will be recorded for all patients:\n\nInduction drug dosage Induction time Intraoperative anesthetic dosage Emergence time",[222,117,29],"Light",[224,225,226],"light","anesthesia","sedation depth","2026-05-27",{"date":229,"type":39},"2026-05-29",{"date":231,"type":39},"2025-10-03",{"date":98,"type":23},{"name":234,"class":46},"Peking University People's Hospital",{"id":236,"slug":237,"hasResults":12,"nctId":238,"briefTitle":239,"officialTitle":239,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":240,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":241,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":242,"briefSummary":244,"conditions":245,"keywords":248,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":251,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":252,"startDateStruct":254,"completionDateStruct":256,"leadSponsor":258,"locationsCount":73},"100640506","phase-3-effect-of-remimazolam-sedation-on-outcomes-of-mechanically-ventilated-patients-in-the-icu-100640506","NCT07596589","Effect of Remimazolam Sedation on Outcomes of Mechanically Ventilated Patients in the ICU","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age ≥ 18 years;\n* Endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation for 24-96 hours before enrollment Expected need for continued invasive ventilation and sedation for at least 24 hours;\n* Target sedation depth on the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) between 0 and -3;\n* Informed consent obtained from the patient's family\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Body mass index (BMI) \\> 30 kg\u002Fm²\n* Severe central nervous system disease (e.g., acute stroke, uncontrolled seizures, or severe dementia) or any other condition that precludes RASS assessment\n* Mean arterial pressure (MAP) \\\u003C 55 mmHg despite intravenous fluid resuscitation and vasopressors\n* Heart rate \\\u003C 50 beats per minute, or second-degree or third-degree atrioventricular block in the absence of a pacemaker\n* Acute myocardial infarction or severe heart failure (New York Heart Association \\[NYHA\\] class IV)\n* Left ventricular ejection fraction \\\u003C 30%\n* Any contraindication or allergy to benzodiazepines\n* Substance dependence, alcohol abuse, or psychiatric\u002Fpsychological disorders. Alcohol abuse was defined as regular consumption of \\> 14 drinks per week (1 drink = 150 mL wine, 360 mL beer, or 45 mL liquor)\n* Acute hepatitis or severe hepatic dysfunction (Child-Pugh class C)\n* Chronic kidney disease with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) \\\u003C 60 mL\u002Fmin\u002F1.73 m²\n* Neuromuscular disease\n* Patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)\n* Pregnancy or breastfeeding",{"count":149,"type":23},[243],"PHASE3","The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of remimazolam sedation on outcomes of mechanically ventilated ICU patients through a single-center, prospective, randomized controlled, pilot study.",[246,247,29],"Remimazolam Besylate","Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients",[249,62,250],"remimazolam","ICU","2026-05-18",{"date":253,"type":39},"2026-05-19",{"date":255,"type":39},"2025-04-01",{"date":257,"type":23},"2027-01-31",{"name":259,"class":46},"Southeast University, China",{"id":261,"slug":262,"hasResults":12,"nctId":263,"briefTitle":264,"officialTitle":265,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":266,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":267,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":269,"briefSummary":270,"conditions":271,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":273,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":274,"startDateStruct":276,"completionDateStruct":278,"leadSponsor":280,"locationsCount":73},"100571323","neurosteer-bedside-monitoring-system-100571323","NCT06718764","Neurosteer Bedside Monitoring System","Evaluating the Feasibility of Utilizing a Novel Brain Activity Monitor in the Neurosciences Intensive Care Unit","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Provision of signed and dated informed consent form from patient and\u002For LAR, including stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study\n* Any assigned sex at birth, including individuals who are transgender or intersex\n* Age 18 years or older\n* Mechanically ventilated patients with an anticipated LOS \\>\u002F=48 hours on any sedative drips including propofol, midazolam, dexmedetomidine, fentanyl, dialudid, ketamine\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Has known hearing problems and usage of hearing aids\n* Has a rash on forehead\n* History of polysubstance abuse\n* Severe dementia\n* Anticipated Withdrawing Life-Sustaining Therapy (WLST) within the next 24-48 hours",{"count":268,"type":23},100,[58],"The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical utility of Neurosteer's brain monitoring platform for monitoring delirium, sedation, and agitation in intubated and sedated ICU patients. The research team will be conducting a single-site study. The research team will enroll 100 patients admitted to the NSICU. 50 of these patients will have Acute Neurological Injuries (ANI) and the other 50 will not have an ANI. All enrolled patients will receive the intervention, the Neurosteer brain monitoring device.\n\nThe study intervention consists of the use of Neurosteer's innovative single-channel EEG monitoring device to determine if there is a good correlation and agreement between their signals\u002Fparameters to RASS, CAM-ICU, and continuous EEG monitoring readings. The Neurosteer device will be attached to their forehead and readings will be collected for the duration of their NSICU stay. The research team will adapt the current physical methods of detecting the depth of anesthesia i.e. through the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) \\& CAM-ICU, to auditory stimulation, which will be delivered through earphones with no physical contact, with the aim of achieving a high correlation between the methods. RASS and CAM-ICU will be collected hourly as standard of care and Neurosteer auditory stimulation will be done 3-4 times a day to coincide with RASS and 1-2 times a day to coincide with CAM-ICU. The research team will correlate collected hourly RASS and CAM-ICU assessments with Neurosteer derived signals and parameters.",[34,29,272],"Agitation","2026-04-28",{"date":275,"type":39},"2026-05-04",{"date":277,"type":39},"2024-07-08",{"date":279,"type":23},"2026-07",{"name":281,"class":46},"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai",{"id":283,"slug":284,"hasResults":12,"nctId":285,"briefTitle":286,"officialTitle":287,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":288,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":289,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":291,"briefSummary":292,"conditions":293,"keywords":302,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":306,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":307,"startDateStruct":309,"completionDateStruct":311,"leadSponsor":313,"locationsCount":73},"100635703","dexmedetomidine-and-propofol-for-sedation-in-cataract-surgery-100635703","NCT07556133","Dexmedetomidine and Propofol for Sedation in Cataract Surgery.","Dexmedetomidine vs Propofol for Sedation in Cataract Surgery : a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults undergoing cataract surgery\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Severe hepatic insufficiency\n* Third degree AV block\n* Patient refusal",{"count":290,"type":23},1000,[58],"The goal of this prospective, randomized, single-blinded is to learn if there is an ideal sedation protocol in cataract surgery in adults.\n\nThe main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* Does the combination of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol affect significantly Ramsay sedation scale, compared to Dexmedetomidine and compared to Propofol?\n* How does each sedation protocol affect hemodynamics? (Heart rate and blood pressure)\n* Are respiratory events more common in a certain group?\n* Is the surgeon's satisfaction similar among groups?\n* Are adverse effects (bradycardia, hypotension, nausea) more common in a certain group?\n\nResearchers will compare 3 sedation protocols : Dexmedetomidine versus Propofol versus the combination of these 2 drugs and to see if one protocol is overall superior to the others. Fentanyl will also be used in all 3 sedation protocols.\n\nParticipants will :\n\n* Receive one of these three protocols\n* Be operated for one or both eyes\n* Monitored during the whole surgery and in the recovery room\n* Be evaluated by the Ramsay sedation scale by a trained Anesthesiologist or CRNA during surgery and in the recovery room Surgeons will be asked about how much they were satisfied.",[29,294,295,296,157,297,298,299,300,301],"Cataract","Hemodynamic","Hemodynamic Changes","Propofol Dosage","Fentanyl","Bradycardia","Tachycardia","Nausea and Vomiting",[303,294,62,304,305],"Dexmedetomidine and propofol in cataract surgery","Dexmedetomidine in cataract surgery","Sedation for cataract surgery","2026-04-21",{"date":308,"type":39},"2026-04-29",{"date":310,"type":39},"2025-11-09",{"date":312,"type":23},"2026-12-09",{"name":314,"class":46},"Saint-Joseph University",{"id":316,"slug":317,"hasResults":12,"nctId":318,"briefTitle":319,"officialTitle":320,"acronym":321,"eligibilityCriteria":322,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":323,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":112,"phases":4,"briefSummary":325,"conditions":326,"keywords":333,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":344,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":345,"startDateStruct":347,"completionDateStruct":349,"leadSponsor":351,"locationsCount":73},"100594707","the-million-anesthesia-cases-study-macs---a-cohort-study-of-preoperative-fasting-and-perioperative-outcomes-100594707","NCT07022951","The Million Anesthesia Cases Study (MACS) - a Cohort Study of Preoperative Fasting and Perioperative Outcomes","The Million Anesthesia Cases Study (MACS) - Retrospective and Prospective Characterization of Perioperative Fasting Practices and Their Effects on Clinical Outcomes","MACS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnostic or therapeutic procedure with anesthesia care (general anesthesia, regional anesthesia, sedation, or a combination of the above)\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Not receiving anesthesia care\n* Lack of medical record data in Epic electronic medical record system",{"count":324,"type":23},1200000,"Perioperative fasting has historically been viewed as a low-risk intervention. However, preliminary data indicate that perioperative loss of nutrition and fluids is likely harmful. This study intends to characterize perioperative fasting practices and their potential effects on clinical outcomes through possible effects on patient well-being (anxiety, hunger, thirst), physiology (hypovolemia, hypotension), perioperative aspiration, etc. The research team hypothesized that in addition to known adverse effects on patients' well-being, prolonged preoperative fasting adversely affects circulating blood volume-related (hypotension, decreased urine output etc.) and glucose metabolism-related (e.g., hypo\u002Fhyperglycemia) perioperative physiology. The investigators will also test for an association between the duration of preoperative fasting and the risk of perioperative pulmonary aspiration.\n\nAdditional knowledge on the potential adverse effects of preoperative fasting will inform preoperative fasting policies and research interventions that are relevant to hundreds of millions of patients subjected to preoperative\u002Fpreprocedural fasting worldwide each year.",[117,29,327,328,329,91,330,331,332],"Monitored Anesthesia Care","Procedure","Surgery, Day","Surgery Scheduled","Fasting Before Operation","Aspiration; Gastric Contents, Anesthesia",[334,335,336,337,338,339,340,341,342,343],"preoperative fasting","perioperative pulmonary aspiration","perioperative complications","postoperative nausea and vomiting","perioperative hypoglycemia","perioperative hyperglycemia","perioperative hypotension","myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery","perioperative acute kidney injury","clear liquid fasting","2026-04-02",{"date":346,"type":39},"2026-04-08",{"date":348,"type":39},"2016-01-01",{"date":350,"type":23},"2030-12-31",{"name":352,"class":46},"Massachusetts General Hospital",{"id":354,"slug":355,"hasResults":12,"nctId":356,"briefTitle":357,"officialTitle":357,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":358,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":359,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":361,"briefSummary":362,"conditions":363,"keywords":366,"overallStatus":130,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":369,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":370,"startDateStruct":372,"completionDateStruct":374,"leadSponsor":376,"locationsCount":73},"100628260","the-use-of-remimazolam-versus-dexmedetomidine-for-patients-receiving-drug-induced-sleep-endoscopy-100628260","NCT07459322","The Use of Remimazolam Versus Dexmedetomidine for Patients Receiving Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients age \\> 18 years old\n* American Society of Ansthesiologists functional class \\\u003C III\n* Schedule to receive DISE exam for evaluation of OSAS\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patient refusal\n* Allergic to experimental medication\n* History of central nervous system diseases\n* History of psychiatric diseases\n* Pregnancy\n* Severe, uncontrolled systemic diseases",{"count":360,"type":23},60,[58],"This study seeks to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of the novel sedative Remimazolam with Dexmedetomidine in Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE), evaluating their performance in sedation depth stability, incidence of adverse events, and postoperative recovery time, thereby providing evidence-based guidance for sedative selection in OSA patients. Additionally, it aims to develop a model for predicting upper airway obstruction sites by analyzing Polysomnography (PSG) data with artificial intelligence, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment decision-making efficiency for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) to optimize clinical management.",[364,365,29],"OSAS (Obstructive Sleep Apneas Syndrome)","DISE",[367,365,29,368,157],"OSAS","Remimazolam","2026-03-04",{"date":371,"type":39},"2026-03-09",{"date":373,"type":23},"2026-04-15",{"date":375,"type":23},"2027-12-31",{"name":377,"class":46},"Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital",{"id":379,"slug":380,"hasResults":12,"nctId":381,"briefTitle":382,"officialTitle":383,"acronym":384,"eligibilityCriteria":385,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":386,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":387,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":112,"phases":4,"briefSummary":389,"conditions":390,"keywords":392,"overallStatus":130,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":369,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":394,"startDateStruct":396,"completionDateStruct":398,"leadSponsor":400,"locationsCount":209},"100628344","eeg-signal-correlates-during-anesthesia-and-sedation-in-adults-and-children-100628344","NCT07460414","EEG Signal Correlates During Anesthesia and Sedation in Adults and Children","Study of Pharmacological and Clinical Correlates of the Electroencephalographic Signal During Induction, Maintenance and Emergence Phases of General Anesthesia or Procedural Sedation in Adults and General Anesthesia in Children","SPECTRALADUPED","INCLUSION CRITERIA:\n\nFor adult patients:\n\n* Age ≥18 years (Cohort 2: \\>70 years; Cohort 3: ≥18 years)\n* Scheduled for general anesthesia (Cohort 2) or procedural sedation (Cohort 3)\n* Pre-anesthetic consultation completed\n* Informed of the study and non-opposition obtained\n\nFor pediatric patients (Cohort 1):\n\n* Age 1-17 years\n* Scheduled for general anesthesia for surgical procedure\n* For ASD subgroup: Confirmed DSM-5 diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder\n* Parental authority holder informed and non-opposition obtained\n* Child informed (if age-appropriate) and non-opposition obtained\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA:\n\nFor adult patients:\n\n* Documented cognitive impairment in medical record\n* Patient refusal to participate\n* Patient deprived of liberty or under legal protection\n* Pregnant or breastfeeding women\n\nFor pediatric patients:\n\n* Parental refusal of child's participation\n* Child refusal (if age-appropriate to understand)","1 Year",{"count":388,"type":23},330,"This prospective, multicenter, non-interventional observational study investigates the correlates between electroencephalographic (EEG) signals and pharmacological\u002Fclinical parameters during general anesthesia and procedural sedation. The study will enroll 330 participants across three distinct populations at two AP-HP sites (Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital and Louis Mourier Hospital):\n\n1. Pediatric cohort (n=110): Children aged 1-17 years undergoing general anesthesia, including 55 with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 55 without ASD.\n2. Elderly adult cohort (n=110): Patients over 70 years undergoing scheduled surgery under general anesthesia.\n3. Procedural sedation cohort (n=110): Adults ≥18 years undergoing procedural sedation for digestive endoscopy.\n\nEEG data will be collected using BIS and SedLine monitors during routine anesthetic care with no modifications to standard practice. The primary objective is to identify EEG signal features correlating with clinical and pharmacological parameters during induction, maintenance, and emergence phases.\n\nSecondary objectives include developing predictive models for anesthetic depth, analyzing age-related differences, comparing effects of different anesthetic agents, and investigating specific EEG patterns in children with ASD. This study will enhance understanding of brain responses to anesthesia across different age groups and clinical contexts, potentially improving anesthetic monitoring algorithms and management strategies.",[117,29,391],"Consciousness Monitors",[393],"general anesthesia",{"date":395,"type":39},"2026-03-10",{"date":397,"type":23},"2026-03-15",{"date":399,"type":23},"2027-05-15",{"name":401,"class":46},"Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris",{"id":403,"slug":404,"hasResults":12,"nctId":405,"briefTitle":406,"officialTitle":406,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":407,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":4,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":408,"phases":4,"briefSummary":409,"conditions":410,"keywords":411,"overallStatus":417,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":418,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":419,"startDateStruct":4,"completionDateStruct":4,"leadSponsor":420,"locationsCount":4},"100628127","expanded-access-for-inhaled-isoflurane-delivered-via-the-sedaconda-acd-s-for-sedation-of-difficult-to-sedate-adult-mechanically-ventilated-intensive-care-unit-patients-100628127","NCT07457593","Expanded Access for Inhaled Isoflurane Delivered Via the Sedaconda ACD-S for Sedation of Difficult-to-Sedate Adult Mechanically Ventilated Intensive Care Unit Patients","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults ≥18 years of age;\n* Receiving invasive mechanical ventilation and continuous sedation in the ICU;\n* Inability to maintain a target sedation level ensuring patient comfort and safety with conventional intravenous sedatives, in clinically appropriate combinations and at maximum tolerated doses, despite optimized analgesia and ventilator settings, with\n\n  1. recurring episodes of agitation or self-harm, such as attempting or actual removal of an endotracheal tube or of indwelling catheters or monitors, or necessitating physical restraints; or\n  2. escalating sedative and opioid drug doses, despite mitigating strategies (e.g., sedative drug combinations or rotation to reduce toxicity); or\n  3. clinical concerns for, or indications of, serious untoward effects of ongoing conventional intravenous sedation and analgesia agents (e.g., hypertriglyceridemia, propofol-related infusion syndrome, bradycardia, iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome); and\n* No other available sedative option is considered appropriate\n* Is not currently enrolled in or is eligible for a clinical study that would prohibit the participation in this EAP.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Ventilator tidal volume \\\u003C200 or \\>1000 mL\n* Need for high frequency oscillation ventilation (HFOV) or high frequency percussive ventilation (HFPV)\n* Comfort care only (end of life care);\n* Suspected but unmonitored elevated intracranial pressure (e.g., patients with acute stroke, severe head trauma, meningitis without ICP monitoring);\n* Contraindication to isoflurane, including:\n\n  1. Known or suspected personal or family history of malignant hyperthermia (MH) or high risk for MH or acute drug-induced muscle injury (eg, muscular dystrophies);\n  2. Severe hemodynamic compromise;\n  3. Known hypersensitivity reaction to isoflurane or other halogenated volatile anesthetic agents\n* History of ventricular tachycardia\u002FLong QT Syndrome;\n* Female patients who are pregnant or breast-feeding;\n* Imperative need for continuous active humidification through mechanical ventilation circuit;\n* Any medical conditions, that, in the Investigator´s opinion, would impose excessive risk to the patient or would adversely affect the patient's participation in the EAP;\n* Inability to obtain informed consent.","EXPANDED_ACCESS","The purpose of this Expanded Access Protocol is to provide access to inhaled isoflurane delivered via the Sedaconda ACD-S device for sedation of adult patients in the ICU that are mechanically ventilated and are difficult to sedate with current available treatment options, and who, in the opinion of their treating physician, would benefit from this treatment.",[29],[412,413,414,415,416],"inhaled sedation","Sedaconda ACD-S","Difficult to sedate","Sedana Medical","Sedana","AVAILABLE","2026-03-03",{"date":371,"type":39},{"name":415,"class":208},{"id":422,"slug":423,"hasResults":12,"nctId":424,"briefTitle":425,"officialTitle":426,"acronym":427,"eligibilityCriteria":428,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":429,"maxAge":430,"enrollmentInfo":431,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":433,"briefSummary":434,"conditions":435,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":130,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":438,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":439,"startDateStruct":441,"completionDateStruct":443,"leadSponsor":445,"locationsCount":4},"100621896","efficacy-and-safety-of-anricofen-combined-with-ciprofol-for-deep-sedation-in-elderly-patients-undergoing-ercp-100621896","NCT07376577","Efficacy and Safety of Anricofen Combined With Ciprofol for Deep Sedation in Elderly Patients Undergoing ERCP","A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Efficacy and Safety of Anricofen Combined With Ciprofol for Deep Sedation in Elderly Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography","Anricofen Cipr","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n\\-\n\nInclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Age 60-90 years.\n2. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status II or III.\n3. Scheduled for elective endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).\n4. Body mass index (BMI) between 18 and 30 kg\u002Fm².\n5. Willing and able to provide written informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Severe neurological disorders (acute stroke, uncontrolled seizures, epilepsy).\n2. Psychiatric disorders or cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination score \\\u003C24).\n3. Uncontrolled hypertension (preoperative blood pressure ≥180\u002F110 mmHg) or hypotension (\\\u003C90\u002F60 mmHg).\n4. Severe cardiac disease: sinus bradycardia, sick sinus syndrome, unstable angina, or myocardial infarction within the past 3 months.\n5. Severe hepatic or renal dysfunction.\n6. Difficult airway or severe respiratory disease.\n7. Achalasia.\n8. Known allergy to anricofen, sufentanil, ciprofol, or other study medications.\n9. Use of opioid analgesics or sedatives within 7 days prior to surgery.\n10. Preoperative pulse oxygen saturation (SpO₂) \\\u003C90% on room air.\n11. Pregnancy or lactation.\n12. Participation in any other drug clinical trial within the past 3 months.\n13. Refusal to participate in the study.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n\\-","60 Years","90 Years",{"count":432,"type":23},141,[58],"Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a key technique for treating pancreatobiliary diseases in the elderly. However, traditional sedative and analgesic regimens (e.g., sufentanil combined with propofol) are associated with a high incidence of respiratory depression, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and delayed recovery in elderly patients. Anricofen is a novel peripherally selective κ-opioid receptor agonist that provides analgesia with minimal central respiratory depression. Ciprofol is a new sedative agent characterized by rapid onset and quick recovery. The combination of these two drugs may offer a safer sedation and analgesia regimen for elderly patients undergoing ERCP.\n\nObjective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of anricofen combined with ciprofol for deep sedation in elderly patients undergoing ERCP, compared with the traditional regimen (sufentanil combined with ciprofol).\n\nMethods: This is a single-center, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. A total of 141 elderly patients aged 60-90 years with ASA physical status II-III scheduled for elective ERCP will be enrolled and randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to three groups: Anricofen 0.3 μg\u002Fkg + Ciprofol 1.0 mg\u002Fkg, Anricofen 0.5 μg\u002Fkg + Ciprofol 1.0 mg\u002Fkg, or Sufentanil 0.1 μg\u002Fkg + Ciprofol 1.0 mg\u002Fkg. The primary efficacy endpoint is the intraoperative pain control success rate (proportion of time with Behavioral Pain Scale \\[BPS\\] score ≤3 ≥90%). The primary safety endpoint is the incidence of respiratory depression (respiratory rate \\\u003C10 breaths\u002Fmin or SpO₂ \\\u003C90% requiring intervention). Secondary outcomes include sedation depth, body movement episodes, recovery time, PONV incidence, and others.\n\nSignificance: This study aims to provide a sedation and analgesia regimen with lower risk of respiratory depression and faster recovery for elderly patients undergoing ERCP.",[117,29,436,437],"ERCP","Ciprofol","2026-01-26",{"date":440,"type":39},"2026-01-29",{"date":442,"type":23},"2026-01-01",{"date":444,"type":23},"2028-05-01",{"name":446,"class":46},"The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College",{"id":448,"slug":449,"hasResults":12,"nctId":450,"briefTitle":451,"officialTitle":452,"acronym":453,"eligibilityCriteria":454,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":455,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":457,"briefSummary":458,"conditions":459,"keywords":464,"overallStatus":130,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":472,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":473,"startDateStruct":474,"completionDateStruct":476,"leadSponsor":478,"locationsCount":73},"100621237","end-of-life-care-in-mechanically-ventilated-patients-impact-of-a-comprehensive-palliative-care-protocol-in-the-intensive-care-setting-100621237","NCT07368010","End-of-life Care in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: Impact of a Comprehensive Palliative Care Protocol in the Intensive Care Setting","End-of-life Care in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: Impact of a Comprehensive Training to Palliative Care in the Intensive Care Setting. A Multicenter Cluster Randomised Trial","ARREVE-3","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patient:\n\n  * Age ≥ 18 years\n  * ICU admission for more than 48 hours\n  * Receiving invasive mechanical ventilation\n  * A documented decision to withdraw life-sustaining therapies, made through a multidisciplinary collegial process and communicated to the designated surrogate decision-maker, family, or relatives\n  * At least one visit from a relative prior to the decision to withdraw life-sustaining therapies\n  * Provision of informed consent for study participation, or, if the patient lacks decision-making capacity, consent obtained from a relative or legally authorized representative\n* Relative:\n\n  * Age ≥ 18 years\n  * Has received at least one medical update regarding the patient's clinical status from an ICU physician prior to the decision to withdraw life-sustaining therapies\n  * Has provided informed consent for study participation\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patient:\n\n  * Presence of a tracheostomy\n  * Brain death or involvement in an organ donation procedure\n  * Absence of any visit from a relative\n  * Subject to legal guardianship or other legal protection measures\n  * Incarcerated patient\n  * Participation in another interventional research study focused on end-of-life care\n  * Pregnant or breastfeeding woman\n* Relative:\n\n  * Inability to understand or speak French\n  * Subject to legal guardianship or other legal protection measures",{"count":456,"type":23},720,[58],"The ARREVE-3 trial will evaluate whether a structured palliative care protocol can improve end-of-life management for mechanically ventilated ICU patients in whom a decision to withdraw life-sustaining therapies has been made. This cluster-randomized controlled trial compares protocol-based care with usual practice across participating centers. The intervention includes comprehensive guidance on symptom management, sedation, nursing care, withdrawal procedures, and family support, supported by standardized staff training. The primary endpoint is adherence to recommended end-of-life practices, while secondary outcomes assess patient comfort, communication with relatives, and the impact on families and healthcare professionals",[460,461,462,29,463],"Palliative Care","Withdrawal of Life Support","Intensive Care Medicine","Dying Process",[465,466,467,468,469,470,62,471],"End of life","intensive care medicine","mechanical ventilation","organ support","withdrawal","life support","palliative care","2026-01-20",{"date":438,"type":39},{"date":475,"type":23},"2026-01-10",{"date":477,"type":23},"2029-01-10",{"name":479,"class":46},"Nantes University Hospital",{"id":481,"slug":482,"hasResults":12,"nctId":483,"briefTitle":484,"officialTitle":484,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":485,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":486,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":488,"briefSummary":489,"conditions":490,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":130,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":442,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":493,"startDateStruct":495,"completionDateStruct":497,"leadSponsor":499,"locationsCount":4},"100614306","phase-4-the-effect-of-reversal-of-remimazolam-sedation-with-flumazenil-on-cognitive-function-in-patients-undergoing-hip-arthroplasty-under-spinal-anesthesia-100614306","NCT07277881","The Effect of Reversal of Remimazolam Sedation With Flumazenil on Cognitive Function in Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroplasty Under Spinal Anesthesia","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patient qualified for elective, primary, unilateral, total hip replacement.\n* Patient assessed on the ASA I-III scale.\n* MoCA score obtained during screening ≥ 23 points (to exclude patients with significant pre-existing cognitive impairment).\n* Ability to understand information about the study and express informed, written consent to participate.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Known hypersensitivity or allergy to benzodiazepines, flumazenil, local anesthetics\n* Contraindications to spinal anesthesia or patient refusal of this anesthesia technique.\n* Severe liver dysfunction.\n* History of epilepsy or seizures\n* Chronic (daily use for \\> 2 weeks in the last 3 months) use of benzodiazepines or non-benzodiazepine hypnotics (so-called \"Z\" drugs: zolpidem, zopiclone, zaleplon).\n* Alcohol abuse defined as regular consumption of more than: in men: 40 g of pure ethanol at a time; in women: 20 g of pure ethanol at a time, or a history of psychoactive substance dependence.\n* Planned revision hip arthroplasty or bilateral surgery.\n* Significant neurological or psychiatric diseases that may affect the assessment of cognitive function.\n* The need for sedative premedication.",{"count":487,"type":23},150,[26],"This clinical trial aims to establish whether reversing remimazolam sedation with flumazenil can prevent postoperative neurocognitive disorders in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* Does administering flumazenil after surgery lead to an improvement in cognitive function (measured by the MoCA scale) at 24 hours post-operation compared to a placebo?\n* Does this intervention reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium within the first 48 hours? Researchers will compare flumazenil to a placebo (0.9% saline solution) to see if actively reversing sedation leads to better cognitive outcomes and a lower incidence of delirium.\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* Undergo a planned total hip replacement surgery under spinal anesthesia.\n* Receive sedation with remimazolam during the operation.\n* At the end of the surgery, receive an intravenous injection of the study drug (flumazenil) or a placebo.\n* Undergo assessments for cognitive function (using the MoCA scale) and delirium (using the 4AT scale) before and at multiple time points after the surgery.\n* Complete a questionnaire about their quality of recovery (QoR-15).",[491,29,368,492],"Postoperative Delirium","Hip Arthroplasty, Total",{"date":494,"type":39},"2026-01-06",{"date":496,"type":23},"2026-01",{"date":498,"type":23},"2028-10",{"name":500,"class":46},"Medical University of Gdansk",{"id":502,"slug":503,"hasResults":12,"nctId":504,"briefTitle":505,"officialTitle":505,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":506,"healthyVolunteers":176,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":507,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":509,"briefSummary":510,"conditions":511,"keywords":515,"overallStatus":130,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":517,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":518,"startDateStruct":520,"completionDateStruct":521,"leadSponsor":523,"locationsCount":4},"100615893","phase-4-safety-exploration-and-evaluation-of-dexmedetomidine-hydrochloride-nasal-spray-for-pre-anesthesia-sedation-in-low-monitoring-settings-100615893","NCT07298525","Safety Exploration and Evaluation of Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride Nasal Spray for Pre-anesthesia Sedation in Low-Monitoring Settings","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* be 18 years of age or older, including the age of 18; no gender limitation;\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I to III;\n* Require general anesthesia, intraspinal anesthesia, or nerve block anesthesia for an elective surgical procedure;\n* Provide informed consent for participation in this study prior to the commencement of the trial and execute a written document of informed consent willingly.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals with a known hypersensitivity to dexmedetomidine hydrochloride or any excipient; patients with a documented allergy to any tranquilizers, opioids, or other substances employed in the trial;\n* Individuals with airway hyperactivity, such as those suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, or sleep apnea, who are determined by the researchers to have experienced or are experiencing safety concerns related to these conditions;\n* Patients with a history of nasal disorders, previous surgical procedures, or allergic reactions deemed clinically significant by the research team, which could significantly impact drug absorption (e.g., chronic nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, nosebleeds, and other symptoms, as well as anatomical or mucosal abnormalities in the nose that may affect drug uptake);\n* A blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) level of less than or equal to 92% in a non-oxygenated state during the screening period;\n* patients with current psychiatric disorders (like schizophrenia or depression) or cognitive impairment; those with a history of epilepsy; or individuals with a past record of psychotropic or narcotic substance abuse;\n* A history of myocardial infarction or unstable angina pectoris within the past six months prior to the screening phase;\n* A heart rate or pulse rate of less than or equal to 50 beats per minute during the screening period, the presence of clinically significant heart functional abnormalities as determined by the investigators, or the presence of grade II or higher atrioventricular block (excluding patients with implanted pacemakers) along with other severe arrhythmias;\n* Patients with inadequately controlled hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥160 mmHg and\u002For diastolic blood pressure ≥100 mmHg during the screening period) or hypotension (systolic blood pressure ≤90 mmHg and\u002For diastolic blood pressure ≤ mmHg during the screening period);\n* Participants who have already engaged in other clinical trials and have taken the investigational drug within the three months preceding the screening period;\n* Pregnant or lactating women expected to undergo a cesarean section during labor and delivery;\n* The investigator concludes that the patient possesses other conditions rendering them ineligible for trial participation.",{"count":508,"type":23},564,[26],"The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the viability of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride nasal spray under minimal or no supervision and to further investigate novel clinical applications for this medication. This study aims to investigate the following aspects: the incidence of adverse respiratory and circulatory events requiring medical intervention following the administration of dexmedetomidine nasal spray for pre-anesthetic sedation, its sedative efficacy and onset time, and its impact on the quality of post-anesthesia recovery and the occurrence of postoperative delirium. Researchers will compare dexmedetomidine hydrochloride nasal spray to a placebo (a look-alike substance that contains no drug) to see the incidence and severity of adverse events following administration. Participants will receive either dexmedetomidine nasal spray or a placebo 45 minutes before anesthesia induction. The blinded assessor will continuously monitor and record vital signs, adverse events, and the level of sedation. More importantly, observations and records should be made for respiratory and circulatory events that require medical intervention. A follow-up assessment will be conducted within three days after the operation to evaluate the incidence of postoperative delirium and patient satisfaction.",[157,29,512,513,514],"Safety","Preanesthetic Medication","Monitored Anaesthesia Care",[157,29,512,513,514,516],"Adverse Events of Respiratory Circulation","2025-12-22",{"date":519,"type":39},"2025-12-23",{"date":475,"type":23},{"date":522,"type":23},"2026-12-30",{"name":524,"class":46},"Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital",{"id":526,"slug":527,"hasResults":12,"nctId":528,"briefTitle":529,"officialTitle":530,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":531,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":532,"targetDuration":534,"studyType":112,"phases":4,"briefSummary":535,"conditions":536,"keywords":539,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":541,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":542,"startDateStruct":544,"completionDateStruct":546,"leadSponsor":547,"locationsCount":73},"100611369","a-comparative-study-of-eleveld-and-schnider-pharmacokinetic-models-for-target-controlled-infusion-of-propofol-in-sedation-of-mechanically-ventilated-icu-patients-100611369","NCT07239687","A Comparative Study of Eleveld and Schnider Pharmacokinetic Models for Target-Controlled Infusion of Propofol in Sedation of Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients","Comparison of Eleveld and Schnider Models for Target-Controlled Infusion of Propofol in Intensive Care Unit Sedation","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nAge over 18 years,\n\nClassified as ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status) class I-IV,\n\nBeing monitored in the Anesthesiology and Reanimation Intensive Care Unit of Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Hospital,\n\nAvailability of necessary data (medical history, laboratory results, etc.) for analysis,\n\nHemodynamic stability -\n\nExclusion Criteria:Patients who refused to participate in the study or did not provide legal consent,\n\nPatients with an ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status) classification greater than IV,\n\nTransition to an alternative sedation method during the study,\n\nContraindication to propofol infusion (e.g., propofol anaphylaxis, lipid metabolism disorders),\n\nPatients whose sedation level could not be clinically assessed due to neurological or neurodegenerative diseases,\n\nPatients expected to require sedation for more than 72 hours (to reduce the risk of propofol infusion syndrome)\n\n\\-",{"count":533,"type":23},84,"1 Day","This prospective observational study aims to compare the clinical performance of two target-controlled infusion (TCI) models, Eleveld and Schnider, for propofol sedation in mechanically ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The study evaluates sedation depth, hemodynamic stability, and recovery profiles using the Bispectral Index (BIS) and Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale. Secondary outcomes include awakening time, total propofol dose, and incidence of delirium after sedation withdrawal. The findings may help identify the most reliable pharmacokinetic model for safe and effective ICU sedation.",[537,29,538],"Intensive Care Unit Sedation","Target Controlled Infusion of Propofol",[540],"Propofol, Target-Controlled Infusion, Eleveld Model, Schnider Model, ICU, Sedation, BIS, Riker Scale","2025-11-16",{"date":543,"type":39},"2025-11-20",{"date":545,"type":39},"2025-02-01",{"date":442,"type":23},{"name":548,"class":46},"Hacettepe University",{"id":550,"slug":551,"hasResults":12,"nctId":552,"briefTitle":553,"officialTitle":554,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":555,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":556,"maxAge":557,"enrollmentInfo":558,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":559,"briefSummary":560,"conditions":561,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":130,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":566,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":567,"startDateStruct":569,"completionDateStruct":571,"leadSponsor":573,"locationsCount":4},"100608604","preparing-kids-for-mri-using-vr-100608604","NCT07203716","Preparing Kids for MRI Using VR","Effect of Home-Based and Immediate Pre-Scan Virtual Reality Orientation on Motion Artifacts and Sedation Need in Pediatric MRI: A Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children 5 to 10 years old (inclusive).\n* First-ever MRI for a clinically indicated, non-emergent examination (outpatient or elective inpatient).\n* Ability to view the age-appropriate 360° VR module (head-mounted viewer or flat 360° on screen) with basic comprehension of instructions (child and\u002For caregiver in Turkish).\n* Parental\u002Fguardian informed consent and child assent per age\u002Fcompetence.\n* Standard MRI safety screening passed; institutional rescue sedation policies remain available if clinically required.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* MRI contraindications (e.g., non-MR-conditional implants, unsafe metallic foreign bodies).\n* Pre-planned sedation or general anesthesia irrespective of behavior (clinician decision made prior to randomization).\n* Conditions contraindicating VR exposure (e.g., uncontrolled epilepsy, severe motion sickness\u002Fvertigo causing intolerance).\n* Severe uncorrected visual or hearing impairment precluding module viewing or instruction adherence.\n* Emergent\u002Furgent MRI where study procedures could delay care.\n* Neurodevelopmental or behavioral conditions that render still positioning entirely unfeasible despite standard coaching (investigator judgment).\n* Prior participation in this trial (no re-enrollment).","5 Years","10 Years",{"count":487,"type":23},[58],"Children frequently exhibit pre-MRI anxiety that can cause motion, repeated sequences, prolonged room time, and exposure to sedation. Orientation with Virtual Reality (VR) may reduce anxiety by familiarizing children with the scanner environment and expected sensations. This single-center, three-arm randomized clinical trial evaluates whether (1) Home+Booster VR (an age-appropriate 360° VR module at home \\~24-48 hours before MRI plus a brief on-site refresher immediately before positioning), (2) Pre-Scan VR only (same module viewed on site immediately before positioning), or (3) Usual Care without VR improves MRI image quality and tolerance in children undergoing their first-ever MRI.\n\nEligible participants are children scheduled for clinically indicated, non-emergent MRI with no prior MRI experience. Major exclusions comprise MRI contraindications; contraindications to VR use (e.g., uncontrolled epilepsy or severe motion sickness); uncorrected severe visual\u002Fhearing impairment precluding VR viewing; and inability to provide assent\u002Fconsent. After consent\u002Fassent, participants are randomized 1:1:1 to one of three arms. Anticipated enrollment is \\~150 total (\\~50 per arm; up to 60 per arm if feasible). All arms receive routine safety procedures and child-oriented coaching per institutional practice. The VR module (\\~8-10 minutes) provides a 360° walkthrough of the MRI process (sounds, positioning, keeping still) with child-focused narration. Adherence (timestamps\u002Fduration) is recorded where applicable.\n\nThe primary outcome is motion artifact rated on a predefined ordinal scale by a board-certified radiologist masked to allocation; the proportion achieving diagnostic quality without repeat\u002Fsedation is also reported. Key secondary outcomes include sedation requirement, number of repeated sequences, total scan room time, scan completion without interruption, and change in child anxiety (mYPAS-SF). Additional prespecified measures include comfort\u002Fcalmness Likert scales, Wong-Baker FACES pain, CEMS during scan, parent state anxiety, satisfaction VAS, physiologic vitals (heart rate, blood pressure, SpO₂) at defined peri-scan time points, observed crying and movement durations, and total scan duration. The trial uses parallel assignment with allocation concealment and masked outcome assessment. Analyses follow intention-to-treat with prespecified subgroup exploration by age bands (5-7 vs 8-10). Recruitment is planned for October 6, 2025; primary completion is expected within approximately three months.",[562,29,563,564,565],"Anxiety","Child","Virtual Reality","MRI","2025-10-01",{"date":568,"type":39},"2025-10-02",{"date":570,"type":23},"2025-10-06",{"date":572,"type":23},"2026-03-31",{"name":574,"class":46},"Haseki Training and Research Hospital",{"id":576,"slug":577,"hasResults":12,"nctId":578,"briefTitle":579,"officialTitle":580,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":581,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":582,"maxAge":583,"enrollmentInfo":584,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":585,"briefSummary":586,"conditions":587,"keywords":589,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":595,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":596,"startDateStruct":597,"completionDateStruct":599,"leadSponsor":601,"locationsCount":73},"100502416","phase-4-nebulized-dexmedetomidine-combined-with-ketamine-versus-nebulized-dexmedetomidine-for-cleft-palate-100502416","NCT05821972","Nebulized Dexmedetomidine Combined With Ketamine Versus Nebulized Dexmedetomidine for Cleft Palate","Nebulized Dexmedetomidine Combined With Ketamine Versus Nebulized Dexmedetomidine to Induce Preoperative Sedation and Attenuate Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing Cleft Palate Repair Surgeries","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I \\& II who will be scheduled for cleft palate repair surgeries\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Parent refusal\n* Allergy to the study drugs\n* Suspected difficult airway\n* Patients with endocrine, renal, hepatic, and cardiac pathology\n* Psychiatric diseases\n* Asthmatic patients.","12 Months","48 Months",{"count":360,"type":23},[26],"To compare the efficacy of the pre-operative nebulization of a combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine versus nebulization of dexmedetomidine alone for sedation and prevention of emergence delirium in children undergoing cleft palate repair surgeries.",[29,588],"Emergence Delirium",[590,591,592,593,29,594],"dexmedetomidine","Ketamine","Nebulization","Cleft palate","Emergence delirium","2025-09-30",{"date":231,"type":39},{"date":598,"type":39},"2024-04-10",{"date":600,"type":23},"2025-10-30",{"name":602,"class":46},"Assiut University",{"id":604,"slug":605,"hasResults":12,"nctId":606,"briefTitle":607,"officialTitle":608,"acronym":609,"eligibilityCriteria":610,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":611,"maxAge":612,"enrollmentInfo":613,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":614,"briefSummary":617,"conditions":618,"keywords":622,"overallStatus":130,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":626,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":627,"startDateStruct":629,"completionDateStruct":630,"leadSponsor":632,"locationsCount":4},"100606787","phase-1-children-of-age-2-6years-undergoing-elective-surgery-will-be-divided-into-two-groups-randomly-this-study-aims-to-evaluate-if-intranasal-dexmedetomidine-is-better-than-intranasal-ketamine-in-producing-sedation-and-reducing-parent-separation-anxiety-before-surgery-100606787","NCT07180095","Children of Age 2-6years Undergoing Elective Surgery Will be Divided Into Two Groups Randomly. This Study Aims to Evaluate if Intranasal Dexmedetomidine is Better Than Intranasal Ketamine in Producing Sedation and Reducing Parent Separation Anxiety Before Surgery.","Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Versus Intranasal Ketamine for Preoperative Sedation in Pediatrics","DREAM-Kids","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* American society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) class-I and II\n* Children 2-6 years of age undergoing elective surgery\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Known hypersensitivity to study drugs\n* Refusal of consent\n* Known renal, hepatic or cardiac dysfunction\n* Nasal deformity or pathology\n* Recent upper respiratory infection (within 2 weeks)\n* Children undergoing neurosurgery or ophthalmic surgery","2 Years","6 Years",{"count":360,"type":23},[615,616],"PHASE1","PHASE2","This study aims to compare intranasal dexmedetomidine versus intranasal ketamine as a premedication in children undergoing surgery in our population. Hypothesis is Intranal dexmedetomidine is better than intranasal ketamine in producing preoperative sedation in pediatric patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia.",[29,619,620,621],"Preoperative Anxiety Experienced by the Pediatric Patient","Anxiolytic Effect","Sedation and Analgesia",[623,624,157,625],"Preoperative Sedation","Hemodynamic changes","Dexmedetomidine vs Ketamine","2025-09-11",{"date":628,"type":39},"2025-09-18",{"date":442,"type":23},{"date":631,"type":23},"2026-07-30",{"name":633,"class":46},"Liaquat National Hospital & Medical College",{"id":635,"slug":636,"hasResults":12,"nctId":637,"briefTitle":638,"officialTitle":638,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":639,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":611,"maxAge":429,"enrollmentInfo":640,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":642,"briefSummary":643,"conditions":644,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":130,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":646,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":647,"startDateStruct":649,"completionDateStruct":651,"leadSponsor":653,"locationsCount":73},"100605757","study-comparing-atomizerd-midazolam--fentanyl-and-dexmedomidine-for-procedural-sedation-in-adult-and-pediatric-patient-2-to-60-years-old-100605757","NCT07166666","Study Comparing Atomizerd Midazolam & Fentanyl and Dexmedomidine for Procedural Sedation in Adult and Pediatric Patient (2 to 60 Years Old)","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* inclusion criteria:\n\n  1. Patients aged 2 to 60 years.\n  2. Patients undergoing EM procedures requiring sedation.\n\nExclusion criteria:\n\n1. Patients with contraindications to any of the sedation agents being studied.\n2. Patients with a history of adverse reactions or allergies to the study medications.\n3. Drug interactions: Patients taking certain medications that may interact adversely with the study medications.\n4. Drug Abuser\n5. Pregnancy and breastfeeding\n6. Patients with significant cardiovascular or respiratory compromise.\n7. Patients with nasal disorder (nasal trauma, epistaxis)\n8. Patients unable to provide informed consent or those with cognitive impairment.\n9. Patients who are \\\u003C 2 year of age or \\> 60 year of age.\n10. Patient underwent procedure sedation for imaging",{"count":641,"type":23},128,[58],"To evaluate the depth of sedation, as well as onset, and recovery times, satisfaction of sedation , adverse events associated with Atomized Midazolam \\& Fentanyl and Dexmedetomidine during procedural sedation in a diverse population spanning from 2 to 60 years old at these three prominent Omani healthcare facilities.",[29,645],"Analgesia Assessment","2025-09-08",{"date":648,"type":39},"2025-09-10",{"date":650,"type":23},"2025-09-01",{"date":652,"type":23},"2026-10-01",{"name":654,"class":168},"Oman Medical Speciality Board",{"id":656,"slug":657,"hasResults":12,"nctId":658,"briefTitle":659,"officialTitle":659,"acronym":660,"eligibilityCriteria":661,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":662,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":664,"briefSummary":665,"conditions":666,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":668,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":669,"startDateStruct":671,"completionDateStruct":673,"leadSponsor":675,"locationsCount":73},"100593996","evaluation-of-the-impact-of-virtual-reality-on-sedation-use-in-patients-undergoing-regional-anesthesia-for-scheduled-orthopedic-surgery-100593996","NCT07013695","Evaluation of the Impact of Virtual Reality on Sedation Use in Patients Undergoing Regional Anesthesia for Scheduled Orthopedic Surgery","VIRTUALR","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Signed informed consent\n* Patient affiliated with or benefiting from a social security system\n* Patient aged 18 years or older\n* Patient requiring regional anesthesia for scheduled orthopedic surgery of the upper or lower limb\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patient refusal to participate in the study\n* Device interfering with the surgical or anesthetic procedure\n* Premedication before arrival in the operating room\n* Psychiatric or cognitive disorders, communication disorders\n* Patient unable to understand the study (language barrier, psychological issues)\n* Emergency surgery",{"count":663,"type":23},164,[58],"The VIRTUALR study evaluates the effect of virtual reality combined with hypnosis on anxiety in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery under regional anesthesia. Patients are randomly assigned to two groups: one group receiving virtual reality and a control group without the device. Anxiety and satisfaction questionnaires are used to compare the two groups.",[667,117,29],"Orthopedic Procedure","2025-06-02",{"date":670,"type":39},"2025-06-10",{"date":672,"type":39},"2024-07-18",{"date":674,"type":23},"2025-07-19",{"name":676,"class":46},"Centre Hospitalier Eure-Seine",{"id":678,"slug":679,"hasResults":12,"nctId":680,"briefTitle":681,"officialTitle":682,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":683,"healthyVolunteers":12,"sex":18,"minAge":19,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":684,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":24,"phases":686,"briefSummary":687,"conditions":688,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":35,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":692,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":693,"startDateStruct":695,"completionDateStruct":697,"leadSponsor":699,"locationsCount":73},"100571176","remimazolam-besylate-in-sedation-of-postcardioperative-patients-100571176","NCT06716840","Remimazolam Besylate in Sedation of Postcardioperative Patients","Remimazolam Besylate Versus Propofolfor Sedation of Postcardioperative Patients in Intensive Care Unit: a Prospective,Single-center,Randomized Non-inferior Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. age ≥ 18 years ;\n2. admitted to the intensive care unit after cardiac surgery with techanical ventilation；\n3. expected to extubation within 48hours ；\n4. participant has given informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. pregnant or lactating women\n2. known or suspected hypersensitivity to the study drug\n3. history of impaired consciousness or psychiatric illness\n4. severe bradycardia with a heart rate of \\\u003C 50 beats per minute\n5. systolic blood pressure \\\u003C 90 mmHg with fluid resuscitation and vasopressor maintenance\n6. atrioventricular block（II or III degree）, Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) \\\u003C30%\n7. participated in other clinical studies within 3 months",{"count":685,"type":23},120,[58],"Intensive care medicine is vital in managing patients after cardiac surgery with endotracheal intubation，in order to provide extensive monitoring to assure clinical stabilization. During this time of recovery, sedation is frequently employed. However, prolonged sedation risks negative sequelae.At present,propofol, benzodiazepines, and dexmedetomidine are typical drugs used for sedation of patients in intensive care unit.Each has its own advantages and disadvantages.The investigators try to find near-ideal agents for sedation,characterized by good sedative effect,minimal adverse effects and rapid awakening facilitating earlier extubation.Remimazolam appeared to be an effective and safe sedative for short term sedation. Study participants were predicated on age (\\> 18 years), admission following cardiac surgery, still mechanical ventilation within 48 hours,and prior informed consent.Participants were randomized to receive remimazolam besylate or propofol in a 1:1 ratio for sedation with a target sedation depth before extubation.Finally，the investigators will compare the sedation effect and safety between the 2 groups ，to prove if remimazolam is appropriate for sedation in patients after cardiac surgery in intensive care unit.",[368,126,29,689,690,691],"Mechanical Ventilation","Intensive Care","Cardiac Surgery","2025-02-16",{"date":694,"type":39},"2025-02-18",{"date":696,"type":39},"2025-02-10",{"date":698,"type":23},"2025-05-31",{"name":700,"class":46},"First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University"]