[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"snake-envenomation\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:snake-envenomation":24},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,4,0,[8,46,79,104],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":14,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":15,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":17,"targetDuration":20,"studyType":21,"phases":4,"briefSummary":22,"conditions":23,"keywords":25,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":34,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":35,"startDateStruct":38,"completionDateStruct":40,"leadSponsor":42,"locationsCount":45},"100641722","polyvalent-antivenom-premium-panaf-for-snakebite-envenoming-in-ethiopia-100641722",false,"NCT07659002","Polyvalent Antivenom (Premium-PANAF) for Snakebite Envenoming in Ethiopia","A Prospective Cohort Study of Polyvalent Antivenom (Premium-PANAF) for Snakebite Envenoming in Ethiopia","Inclusion criteria\n\n* Snakebite envenoming patients who receive Premium-PANAF antivenom\n* Patients who have given written informed consent .\n\nExclusion criteria\n\n* Snakebite envenoming patients who do not receive Premium-PANAF antivenom\n* Patients referred from other centres who already received other antivenom treatment\n* Patients who are unable or unwilling to give informed consent","ALL",{"count":18,"type":19},600,"ESTIMATED","42 Days","OBSERVATIONAL","Snakebite Envenomation is recognised as a Neglected Tropical Diseases with high lethality in Sub-Saharan Africa. The current syndromic treatment approach is also fraught by supply pipeline constraints and need for cold-chain, thus negatively impacting outcomes in resource limited settings.\n\nDespite the lack of clinical outcome data from studies in humans, after a comprehensive risk-benefit assessment, the World Health Organisation (WHO), in May 2023, recommended the use of Premium-PANAF polyvalent snake antivenom that is lyophilised, and therefore does not require cold-chain conditions. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) also updated its treatment protocol with Premium PANAF being standard of care since June 2025 at Abdurafi (Midre Genet) Health Centre in north west Ethiopia.\n\nReal-world effectiveness by means of Phase IV post marketing studies or pharmacovigilance programmes in countries where it has recently been rolled out is not yet available. This prospective observational cohort study, with a capped sample size of 600 patients, would thus provide much needed evidence on the safety and effectiveness of Premium-PANAF in resource limited settings to help inform national and international treatment guidelines.",[24],"Snake Envenomation",[26,27,28,29,30,31,32],"prospective observational cohort","Ethiopia","treatment","safety","effectiveness","antivenom","snakebite","RECRUITING","2026-06-15",{"date":36,"type":37},"2026-06-22","ACTUAL",{"date":39,"type":37},"2025-06-02",{"date":41,"type":19},"2026-09-01",{"name":43,"class":44},"Medecins Sans Frontieres, Netherlands","OTHER",1,{"id":47,"slug":48,"hasResults":11,"nctId":49,"briefTitle":50,"officialTitle":51,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":52,"healthyVolunteers":53,"sex":16,"minAge":54,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":55,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":57,"phases":58,"briefSummary":60,"conditions":61,"keywords":66,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":70,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":71,"startDateStruct":73,"completionDateStruct":75,"leadSponsor":77,"locationsCount":45},"100613084","analysis-of-the-efficacy-of-pressure-pad-vs-pressure-bandage-immobilisation-for-snake-bite-first-aid-in-healthy-volunteers-100613084","NCT07261982","Analysis of the Efficacy of Pressure Pad vs Pressure Bandage Immobilisation for Snake Bite First Aid in Healthy Volunteers.","Efficacy of Pressure Pad vs Pressure Bandage Immobilisation for Snake Bite First Aid in Healthy Volunteers.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18 years old or greater\n* No known or clinically evident lymphatic condition (eg. lymphoedema, lymph node surgery etc)\n* No known cardiac failure\n* No known peripheral vascular disease\n* No known renal or hepatic impairment\n* No known lymphoma\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age less than 18 years old\n* Pregnant\n* Breast feeding\n* Allergy to Technetium-99m sulphur colloid\n* Presence of any of the conditions mentioned in the inclusion criteria",true,"18 Years",{"count":56,"type":19},24,"INTERVENTIONAL",[59],"NA","Snake bite affects thousands of Australians every year, but few die as a result due to high quality first aid and timely medical care. Good first aid should be simple, standardised, use minimal or readily available equipment, and be able to be utilised effectively with no or minimal training by the rescuer. Over time the first aid methods used to manage snake bite in Australia have been questioned due to issues with efficacy, and some emerging evidence of harm from their use. There is little experimental data in the literature to support current first aid practices, and what exists suggests further research is required. This study aims to examine and compare the effectiveness of two first aid methods by tracking the movement of a mock venom through the body when each first aid method is used. This will provide important information about the suitability of current techniques used in Australia and whether a proposed simpler alternative technique is as effective. Currently, initial treatment of snake bite involves early first aid with the application of a pressure bandage and immobilisation (PBI) of the limb. There is limited data to support the basis of this technique and emerging evidence of harm when applied incorrectly. This project sets out to evaluate PBI compared to another technique involving the application of a pressure pad (PP) at the bite site (which is easier to do, and used in many countries outside of Australia). The project aims to determine whether each technique is effective, and whether the PP technique is at least as effective as PBI. To do this 24 participants will be recruited to undergo study with mock venom injected into their hand or foot and having either PBI or PP applied. The mock venom will then be traced with a gamma camera to determine rate of flow through the lymphatic system, which is how venom travels in the body. It is expected that the project will demonstrate the efficacy of both techniques, and that the PP will be at least as effective as PBI. This will provide a basis for change in the current first aid recommendations for snake bite first aid in Australia, and improve the care provided.",[62,63,24,64,65],"Snake Bites","Snakebite","Snake Bite","First Aid",[63,67,68,69],"First aid","Pressure bandage immobilisation","Pressure pad","2025-12-13",{"date":72,"type":37},"2025-12-16",{"date":74,"type":37},"2025-07-18",{"date":76,"type":19},"2027-02",{"name":78,"class":44},"Townsville University Hospital",{"id":80,"slug":81,"hasResults":11,"nctId":82,"briefTitle":83,"officialTitle":84,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":85,"healthyVolunteers":53,"sex":16,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":86,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":4,"briefSummary":88,"conditions":89,"keywords":90,"overallStatus":94,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":95,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":96,"startDateStruct":98,"completionDateStruct":100,"leadSponsor":102,"locationsCount":4},"100578245","mapping-snakebite-risk-in-ghana-and-rwanda-100578245","NCT06808789","Mapping Snakebite Risk in Ghana and Rwanda","Mapping Snakebite Risk in Ghana and Rwanda: Using Primary Data Collection and Geostatistical Techniques to Develop an Approach to Risk Estimation for Snakebite","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Household Screening Questionnaire:\n\n  o Heads of household from all selected households will be invited to participate, regardless of age or sex. If the head of household is absent, another adult from the household who can report on behalf of all household members will be invited to be interviewed.\n* Snakebite Details Questionnaire:\n\n  * All household members identified with a history of snakebite will be invited to complete this questionnaire, with the assistance\u002Fin the presence of a responsible adult if the participant is a minor. If the household member is deceased, a responsible adult from the household will be asked to complete the questionnaire as far as possible.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Household Screening Questionnaire\n\n  * Households where the household head\u002Fa responsible adult is not present at first visit or revisit.\n  * Households where the household head\u002Fresponsible adult is unable or unwilling to give consent.\n* Snakebite Details Questionnaire\n\n  * Where the snakebite victim is an adult and is present: the victim is unwilling to participate\n  * Where the snakebite victim is an adult and is not present: there is no responsible adult who is able to complete the questionnaire on the behalf of the victim\n  * Where the snakebite victim is a minor: there is no responsible adult who is able or willing to provide consent to be interviewed or support the child to complete the questionnaire.",{"count":87,"type":19},32000,"Snakebite causes approximately 138,000 deaths each year and non-fatal bites lead to considerable health burden, particularly in low-income tropical countries. Data on snakebite burden are lacking. Official data from health facilities are often either unavailable or underestimate cases, by excluding the many victims who do not attend formal health facilities; community surveys are useful for assessing burden, but they require significant resources to conduct. This study aims to understand both whether spatial analysis methods can help in assessing and predicting snakebite risk in different environments, and the value of current data collection methods for their contribution to this analysis approach. First, snakebite data already recorded in health facilities in Ghana and Rwanda will be extracted and analysed. Community surveys will be conducted in environmentally diverse areas of Ghana and Rwanda to collect information directly from randomly selected households about their experiences with snakebites. Using GPS to map household locations, geostatistical methods will be applied to the data to see if it can accurately predict areas at high risk of snakebite; the predictions will be used to generate risk maps. The study findings will build knowledge on geographical variation in snakebite risk and help develop an approach to mapping snakebite risk in sub-Saharan Africa.\n\nThe risk maps generated will be compared with data on the distribution of antivenoms in each country. This will show if antivenoms are available in the places that need them most and help ensure antivenom supplies are better allocated in the future. It will also help identify high-risk areas so health officials can advocate for resources and develop treatment and prevention programmes.",[63,24],[32,91,92,93],"risk mapping","model-based geostatistics","snake envenomation","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2025-11-18",{"date":97,"type":37},"2025-11-19",{"date":99,"type":19},"2025-11",{"date":101,"type":19},"2026-04",{"name":103,"class":44},"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine",{"id":105,"slug":106,"hasResults":11,"nctId":107,"briefTitle":108,"officialTitle":109,"acronym":110,"eligibilityCriteria":111,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":54,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":112,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":4,"briefSummary":114,"conditions":115,"keywords":119,"overallStatus":33,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":126,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":127,"startDateStruct":129,"completionDateStruct":131,"leadSponsor":133,"locationsCount":45},"100539505","effects-of-bothrops-spp-snake-envenomation-on-willebrand-factor-activity-in-martinique-and-french-guiana-100539505","NCT06304714","Effects of Bothrops Spp. Snake Envenomation on Willebrand Factor Activity in Martinique and French Guiana","Abnormalities of Plasma Willebrand Factor Activity Induced by Bothrops Snakebites Endemic to Martinique and French Guyana","WBOTHROPS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Men or Women, at least 18 years old\n* Be admitted to the Emergency Department of the Martinique University Hospital or the Cayenne University Hospital\n* Be the victim of a confirmed Bothrops snake bite in Martinique or French Guyana. The formal identification of the snake by the patient or his entourage is imperative.\n* Have a confirmed diagnosis of stage III envenomation (regional oedema of the limb and\u002For moderate general symptoms such as moderate hypotension, malaise, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea) and stage IV (extensive oedema reaching the trunk and\u002For severe general symptoms such as prolonged hypotension, shock, anaphylactoid reaction, visceral damage)\n* Be able to receive and understand information related to the research\n* Be able to freely give verbal consent to participate in the proposed research\n* Be able to freely give written informed consent to participate in the plasmathèque\n* Be affiliated to the general social security system\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pregnant or breastfeeding woman\n* People who have been treated for snakebite with Bothrops anti-venom Bothrofav® or Antivipmyn-tri®.\n* Known disorders of haemostasis such as haemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency), haemophilia B (factor IX deficiency), vitamin K deficiency, hepato-cellular insufficiency, presence of circulating anticoagulant factors\n* Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)\n* Constitutional and acquired Von Willebrand disease\n* Constitutional and acquired thrombopathies\n* Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura\n* Person under legal protection (guardianship, curatorship, safeguard of justice), and person deprived of liberty.",{"count":113,"type":19},30,"In 2017, the World Health Organization placed snakebites at the top of its list of neglected tropical diseases in an effort to facilitate funding for prevention programs, improve access to anti-venom, and stimulate new research in this area. Between 5 and 25 cases per 100 000 inhabitants are reported per year in French Guiana and Martinique. Before the era of anti-venom immunotherapy, envenomations by Bothrops snake bites in French Guiana and Martinique could quickly become life-threatening with a mortality rate close to 30%. Today, the administration of fragments of Fab or (Fab')2 immunoglobulins gives anti-venoms an excellent capacity to neutralise venom toxins, which has reduced mortality to less than 1% in the case of early hospital treatment In French Guiana, envenomation by Bothrops bites is characterized by local signs such as intense pain, rapidly expanding oedema, haemorrhagic phlyctenes and sometimes muscle necrosis. The local inflammatory and haemorrhagic damage is related to the enzymatic activities of the toxins contained in the venom (metallo-proteinases, disintegrins, and phospholipases A2, in particular). At the systemic level, venom serine proteases and metalloproteinases activate the coagulation cascade by multiple mechanisms (activation of coagulation factors X and V and of protrombin, thrombin-like and fibrinogenolytic enzymatic properties) and are responsible for the collapse of coagulation factors making the blood incoagulable. The metalloproteinases \"hemorrhagins\" destroy the vessel wall and are the cause of locoregional and systemic hemorrhage.\n\nEnvenomations by bites of Bothrops lanceolatus in Martinique have particular characteristics. Despite the genetic similarity with their congeners in French Guiana, envenomation by bites of Bothrops lanceolatus is characterized by the development of very intense local inflammatory signs (little haemorrhage) and the occurrence of thrombotic complications such as cerebral, pulmonary or myocardial infarction. The mechanisms behind this thrombotic presentation are not known. The large amount of metalloproteinases in the composition of Bothrops lanceolatus venom is believed to be responsible for destruction of vascular endothelium and pro-thrombotic state. Bothrops lanceolatus bite envenomations have been reported to be frequently complicated by generalized infections, disseminated intravascular coagulation and the occurrence of multi-visceral failure syndrome. This observation suggests abnormalities in endothelial function in which changes in Willebrand factor expression have been implicated.\n\nThe investigators hypothesize that plasma Willebrand factor (VW) activity and the intensity of endothelial activation are different depending on the Bothrops snake species involved in the bites in Guyana and Martinique. Due to the specific properties of the venoms of each Bothrops species, the activity of the Willebrand factor (VW) and the consequences in terms of endothelial activation would be different and responsible for the clinico-biological characteristics according to the geographical origin of the snakes.\n\nThe investigators will demonstrate that the accumulation of Willebrand factor (VW) and the increase in its activity are responsible for the endothelial activation and micro-thrombosis observed during envenomations by Bothrops lanceolatus bites, whereas the decrease in its activity induced by the venoms of endemic Bothrops from Guyana is responsible for haemorrhagic phenomena.\n\nThis study will highlight the importance of changes in Willebrand factor activity on endothelial activation and the initiation of micro-thrombosis in the case of Bothrops lanceolatus envenomations and on primary haemostasis and bleeding disorders in the case of endemic Bothrops in Guyana. This new knowledge is important insofar as individualised therapeutic management can be proposed. Indeed, several studies have shown that adjuvant treatment of thrombotic microangiopathies, such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, with blood products (fresh frozen plasma) or plasma exchange, improves endothelial dysfunction and the prognosis of patients.",[24,116,117,118],"Thrombi","Coagulopathy","Hemorrhage",[120,121,122,123,124,125],"Snakebite envenomation","French Caribbean (Martinique, French Guiana)","Bothrops species","Von Willebrand Factor","endothelial activity","haemostasis","2024-09-24",{"date":128,"type":37},"2024-09-26",{"date":130,"type":37},"2024-08-02",{"date":132,"type":19},"2025-10-08",{"name":134,"class":44},"University Hospital Center of Martinique"]