[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"spasticity\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:spasticity":29},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,21,0,[8,49,79,109,140,168,198,224,244,289,321,346,377,413,435,460,485,511,542,574,606],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":13,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":14,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":17,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":21,"conditions":22,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":38,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":39,"startDateStruct":42,"completionDateStruct":44,"leadSponsor":46,"locationsCount":4},"100643683","prospective-case-series-evaluating-6-month-and-12-month-outcomes-after-cryoneurolysis-for-chronic-pain-100643683",false,"NCT07639060","Prospective Case Series Evaluating 6-Month and 12-Month Outcomes After Cryoneurolysis for Chronic Pain","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of chronic pain (generally pain duration of at least 3-6 months) localized to an anatomical region appropriate for cryoneurolysis as determined by the treating physician.\n* Planned cryoneurolysis procedure as part of standard clinical care.\n* Ability to provide written informed consent.\n* Ability and willingness to complete baseline and follow-up questionnaires.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Cryoneurolysis performed as part of a separate investigational trial in which data sharing is not permitted.\n* Active infection or other clinical contraindication to the procedure as determined by the treating clinician.\n* Life expectancy of less than 12 months in the judgment of the treating clinician.\n* Any condition that, in the investigator's opinion, would interfere with study participation or completion of follow-up, such as severe psychiatric instability or active substance use that precludes reliable follow-up","ALL","18 Years",{"count":18,"type":19},80,"ESTIMATED","OBSERVATIONAL","To prospectively describe patient-centered and health utilization outcomes through 12 months after cryoneurolysis performed as routine clinical care for chronic pain at Yale.",[23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36],"Chronic Pain","PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY","Occipital Neuralgia","Chronic Hip Pain","Hip Osteoarthritis","Knee Osteoarthritis","Spasticity","Chronic Low Back Pain","Lumbar Spondylosis","Cervical Spondylosis","Shoulder Arthritis","Causalgia","Chronic Pain Syndrome","Chronic Neck Pain","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-06-05",{"date":40,"type":41},"2026-06-10","ACTUAL",{"date":43,"type":19},"2026-06",{"date":45,"type":19},"2028-07",{"name":47,"class":48},"Yale University","OTHER",{"id":50,"slug":51,"hasResults":11,"nctId":52,"briefTitle":53,"officialTitle":54,"acronym":55,"eligibilityCriteria":56,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":57,"enrollmentInfo":58,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":61,"briefSummary":63,"conditions":64,"keywords":68,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":70,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":71,"startDateStruct":73,"completionDateStruct":75,"leadSponsor":77,"locationsCount":4},"100640039","effects-of-functional-electrical-stimulation-on-spasticity-quadriceps-muscle-strength-and-functional-mobility-in-individuals-with-paraplegia-100640039","NCT07583576","Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation on Spasticity, Quadriceps Muscle Strength and Functional Mobility in Individuals With Paraplegia","Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation on Spasticity, Quadriceps Muscle Strength and Functional Mobility in Individuals With Paraplegia: A Randomized Controlled Trial","FES-PAR-RCT","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Participants will be included in the study if they meet all of the following criteria:\n* Aged between 18 and 65 years\n* Diagnosed with spinal cord injury resulting in paraplegia (traumatic or non-traumatic etiology)\n* Classified as ASIA Impairment Scale C or D\n* Medically stable condition\n* Presence of lower extremity spasticity (Modified Ashworth Scale ≥ 1)\n* Ability to understand and follow simple instructions\n* Willingness to participate and provide informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Participants will be excluded if they present any of the following conditions:\n* Presence of cardiac pacemaker or implanted electrical device\n* Severe cognitive impairment or communication difficulties preventing participation\n* Active infection or systemic inflammatory condition\n* Severe lower extremity contractures or deformities limiting movement\n* Dermatological conditions or open wounds preventing FES application\n* History of severe autonomic dysreflexia triggered by electrical stimulation\n* Uncontrolled medical conditions that may interfere with participation or safety","65 Years",{"count":59,"type":19},40,"INTERVENTIONAL",[62],"NA","Spinal cord injury (SCI)-related paraplegia is a complex neurological condition characterized by motor impairment, increased spasticity, and significant functional limitations in daily activities. Spasticity is one of the most common secondary complications after upper motor neuron lesions and can negatively affect rehabilitation outcomes, gait ability, and functional independence.\n\nThis randomized controlled study aims to investigate the effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) applied to the quadriceps muscle in individuals with paraplegia. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a control group receiving conventional neurorehabilitation or an intervention group receiving additional FES treatment.\n\nThe primary outcomes include changes in spasticity level, quadriceps muscle strength, and functional mobility. Spasticity will be assessed using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), muscle strength will be evaluated with Manual Muscle Testing (MMT), and functional mobility will be measured using the Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), and 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT).\n\nThe intervention period will last 8 weeks, with standardized rehabilitation programs applied to both groups. The FES group will additionally receive quadriceps stimulation with specific neuromuscular electrical stimulation parameters.\n\nThe findings of this study are expected to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of FES as an adjunct to conventional rehabilitation in improving motor function and functional independence in individuals with paraplegia.",[65,66,29,67],"Spinal Cord Injury","Paraplegia","Neurorehabilitation",[65,69,67,29,66],"Paraplegia Rehabilitation","2026-05-15",{"date":72,"type":41},"2026-05-19",{"date":74,"type":19},"2026-05-10",{"date":76,"type":19},"2026-07-10",{"name":78,"class":48},"Istanbul Medipol University Hospital",{"id":80,"slug":81,"hasResults":11,"nctId":82,"briefTitle":83,"officialTitle":84,"acronym":85,"eligibilityCriteria":86,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":87,"enrollmentInfo":88,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":90,"briefSummary":93,"conditions":94,"keywords":95,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":98,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":99,"startDateStruct":101,"completionDateStruct":103,"leadSponsor":105,"locationsCount":108},"100420287","phase-1-a-study-to-assess-the-safety-and-efficacy-of-ipn10200-in-adult-participants-with-upper-limb-spasticity-100420287","NCT04752774","A Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of IPN10200 in Adult Participants With Upper Limb Spasticity.","An Integrated Phase I\u002FII, Multicentre, Double-blind, Randomised, Dysport and Placebo-controlled, Dose Escalation and Dose-finding Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of IPN10200 in the Treatment of Adult Upper Limb Spasticity.","LANTIMA","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Participant must be 18 to 70 years of age inclusive (except for dose escalation must be 18 to 65 years of age) at the time of signing the informed consent.\n2. Has spastic hemiparesis following stroke or Traumatic brain injury (TBI)\n3. Is at least 6 months post-stroke or TBI\n4. Has never received BoNT or if previously treated, should have received their last injection of any commercialized BoNT-A or B at least 4 months prior to study Baseline\n5. Has a MAS score ≥2 in the (PTMG) to be injected\n6. Is eligible to receive a total recommended dose 1000 U Dysport in the upper limb when applicable.\n7. Has angle of spasticity ≥5° in the PTMG to be injected.\n8. Does not have any fixed contractures as defined by:\n\n   * Complete fingers extension with Angle of arrest at slow speed (Tardieu Scale) (XV1) ≥160°\n   * Complete wrist extension with XV1 ≥90°\n   * Complete elbow extension with XV1 ≥160°\n9. Physiotherapy, occupational therapy, splinting, use of benzodiazepine, and muscle relaxants had to be stable from at least 30 days preceding the study Baseline up to the Month 3 visit, and whenever possible until the end of the study.\n10. In good health (i.e. absence of any uncontrolled systemic disease or other significant medical condition) as determined by medical history, physical and neurological examinations, clinical laboratory studies, electrocardiograms (ECGs), vital signs, and Investigator's judgment prior to randomization\n11. Male and female participants Contraceptive use by men or women should be consistent with local regulations regarding the methods of contraception for those participating in clinical studies.\n\nMale participants must agree that, if their partner is at risk of becoming pregnant, they will use an effective method of contraception. The participants must agree to use the contraception during the whole period of the study.\n\nA female participant is eligible to participate if she is not pregnant or breastfeeding, and one of the following conditions applies: Is a woman of non-childbearing potential (WONCBP) or is a woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP) and using an acceptable contraceptive method (until the end of the study). The investigator should evaluate the potential for contraceptive method failure in relationship to the first dose of study intervention. A WOCBP must have a negative highly sensitive pregnancy test.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Any medical condition (including severe dysphagia or airway disease) that may increase, in the opinion of the investigator, the likelihood of adverse events (AEs) related to BoNT treatment.\n2. Known disease of the neuromuscular junction (e.g. Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, myasthenia gravis or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis etc.).\n3. Has a history of hypersensitivity to the investigational medicinal products (or other BoNTs) or any excipient used in their formulation.\n4. Clinically diagnosed significant anxiety disorder, or any other significant psychiatric disorder (e.g. depression) that might interfere with the participant's participation in the study.\n5. Likely treatment with any serotype of BoNT for any condition during the study.\n6. Undergone previous surgery to treat spasticity in the affected upper limb.\n7. Has initiated physiotherapy within 30 days prior to Baseline (if physiotherapy initiated more than 30 days prior to Baseline and ongoing, the therapy regimen should be maintained at the same frequency and intensity throughout the study if possible or at least up to 3-months post-injection).\n8. Has received previous treatment with phenol and or alcohol in the targeted upper limb any time before the study.\n9. Has been treated or is likely to be treated with intrathecal baclofen during the 30 days prior to study Baseline or during the course of the study.\n10. Current or planned treatment with any medications that interfere either directly or indirectly with neuromuscular transmission, such as curare-like non depolarising agents, lincosamides, polymyxins, anticholinesterases and aminoglycoside antibiotics, within 30 days prior to Baseline.\n11. Use of concomitant therapy which, in the investigator's opinion, would interfere with the evaluation of the safety or efficacy of the study intervention, including medications affecting bleeding disorders. For patients taking vitamin K antagonists, the INR values should be controlled (between 2 and 3)\n12. Currently planned or a history of tendon lengthening surgery, significant contracture or muscle atrophy at target joint or muscle in the past 6 months prior to Screening.\n13. Use of any experimental device within 30 days or use of any treatment with an experimental drug within five times the documented terminal half-life of the respective drug or its metabolites or if the half-life is unknown within 30 days prior to the start of the study (prior to Baseline) and during the conduct of the study.\n14. Presence of any other condition (e.g. neuromuscular disorder, muscular dystrophies, cancer cachexia, sarcopenia or other disorder that could interfere with neuromuscular function), laboratory finding or circumstance that, in the judgment of the investigator, might increase the risk to the participant or decrease the chance of obtaining satisfactory data to achieve the objectives of the study.\n15. Pregnant or lactating women, or women of childbearing potential not willing to practice a highly effective form of contraception method at the beginning of the study, for the duration of the study and for the duration of the study\n16. Inability to understand protocol procedures and requirements\n17. Infection at the injection site(s)\n18. A history of drug or alcohol abuse\n19. Male participants who are not vasectomised and who have female partners of childbearing potential and are not willing to use condoms with spermicide throughout study participation.","70 Years",{"count":89,"type":19},240,[91,92],"PHASE1","PHASE2","The purpose of the study is to assess the safety and efficacy of increasing doses of IPN10200 with the aim to evaluate the Pharmacodynamics (PD) profile of IPN10200 and to establish the total IPN10200 doses(s) that offer the best efficacy\u002Fsafety profile when used for the treatment of Adult upper limb (AUL) spasticity.",[29],[96],"Upper limb spasticity after stroke or traumatic brain injury","RECRUITING","2026-04-29",{"date":100,"type":41},"2026-05-05",{"date":102,"type":41},"2021-04-29",{"date":104,"type":19},"2029-03-30",{"name":106,"class":107},"Ipsen","INDUSTRY",81,{"id":110,"slug":111,"hasResults":11,"nctId":112,"briefTitle":113,"officialTitle":114,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":115,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":116,"maxAge":117,"enrollmentInfo":118,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":120,"briefSummary":121,"conditions":122,"keywords":125,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":131,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":132,"startDateStruct":133,"completionDateStruct":135,"leadSponsor":137,"locationsCount":139},"100575080","pilot-study-on-muscle-tendon-and-neural-changes-post-botulinum-toxin-injections-in-post-stroke-spastic-equinovarus-100575080","NCT06767631","Pilot Study on Muscle, Tendon, and Neural Changes Post-Botulinum Toxin Injections in Post-stroke Spastic Equinovarus","Exploratory, Longitudinal Study to Define Changes in Muscle, Tendon and Neural Properties After Botuline Neurotoxin Type A (BoNT) Treatment of Spastic Equinovarus in First-ever Stroke Patients: a Pilot Study.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Voluntary written informed consent of the participant or their legally authorized representative has been obtained prior to any screening procedures\n* 2\\. At least 18 years of age at the time of signing the Informed Consent Form (ICF)\n* 3\\. Use of highly effective methods of birth control; defined as those that, alone or in combination, result in low failure rate (i.e., less than 1% per year) when used consistently and correctly; such as implants, injectables, combined oral contraceptives, some IUDs, true sexual abstinence (i.e. refraining from heterosexual intercourse during the entire period of risk associated with the Trial treatment(s)) or commitment to a vasectomised partner.\n* 4\\. Pes equinovarus due to spasticity\n* 5\\. Clinical need for BoNT injection at the lower leg\n* 6\\. Any previous injection of BoNT into the muscles to be investigated was at least 3 months ago\n* 7\\. First-ever, unilateral stroke\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Musculoskeletal or other neurological problems affecting the lower limb\n* Presence of spinal cord pathology that could lead to spasticity, ataxia, dystonia\n* Cognitive problems that impede measurements\n* Severe co-morbidities\n* Irritated skin or open wounds where ultrasound will be placed\n* Pregnancy\n* Profound atrophy of the muscles in the target area(s) of injection\n* Participation in an interventional Trial with an investigational medicinal product (IMP) or device\n* The effect of botulinum toxin A can theoretically be potentiated by agents affecting neuromuscular transmission, such as aminoglycoside antibiotics (e.g., gentamicin, tobramycin), lithium salts, cholinesterase inhibitors and tubocurarine-like muscle relaxants ((cis)atracurium, rocuronium, suxamethonium, vecuronium). Therefore, patients on whom these medications are started during the course of the trail will be excluded.","40 Years","60 Years",{"count":119,"type":19},12,[62],"Poststroke spasticity significantly impairs function, particularly through the development of pes equinovarus. Botulinum toxin A (BoNT) injections into the medial gastrocnemius (MG) are a first-line treatment. Treatment outcomes and long-term responses to interventions can vary significantly between individual patients. Additionally, there is increasing concern about potential adverse effects on muscle morphology. Further research is essential to optimize treatment strategies and improve long-term outcomes in this population. Three-dimensional freehand ultrasound (3DfUS) and instrumented spasticity assessment (ISA) are two recently developed techniques that enable the evaluation of changes in muscle, tendon, and neural properties following BoNT injections for post-stroke spastic equinovarus. These methods hold promise for providing new insights into treatment effects. Before implementing these techniques in large-scale studies, a pilot study is required for accurate sample size calculations for a prospective observational study. This study includes a protocol for a non-blinded, non-randomized open-label longitudinal pilot study. The study was approved by the European Medicines Agency ( EU CT Number 2024-513158-32) by the University Hospitals Leuven ethical committee (ID S68672). Standard deviations and effect sizes of outcome measures obtained longitudinally with 3DfUS and ISA before and after BoNT injection into MG will inform sample size calculations for future research.",[123,29,124],"Stroke","Equinovarus Foot",[126,127,128,129,130],"Botulinum Toxins","stroke","Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle","Skeletal muscle morphology","muscle composition","2026-04-28",{"date":98,"type":41},{"date":134,"type":41},"2025-05-02",{"date":136,"type":19},"2027-12-31",{"name":138,"class":48},"Universitaire Ziekenhuizen KU Leuven",1,{"id":141,"slug":142,"hasResults":11,"nctId":143,"briefTitle":144,"officialTitle":145,"acronym":146,"eligibilityCriteria":147,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":148,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":149,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":150,"briefSummary":151,"conditions":152,"keywords":154,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":159,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":160,"startDateStruct":161,"completionDateStruct":163,"leadSponsor":165,"locationsCount":167},"100224417","lateral-cord-stimulation-as-a-new-treatment-for-refractory-spastic-cerebral-palsy-100224417","NCT02199015","Lateral Cord Stimulation as a New Treatment for Refractory Spastic Cerebral Palsy","Lateral Cord Electrical Stimulation Can Improve Spasticity in Chronic Spastic Cerebral Palsy","Andreani1","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Aged sixteen or older\n* Spastic Cerebral Palsy with stable condition\n* Motor disability unilateral or predominantly unilateral.\n* Troubles of speech clinically evident.\n* Normal or Slightly sub-normal I.Q\n* No psychiatric disorders.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Severe cardiac or respiratory troubles\n* Fixed abnormal postures (except if previously corrected by orthopedic surgery)\n* Chronic recurrent bronchial or pulmonary infections\n* Chronic recurrent urinary infections\n* Severe osteoporosis on affected limbs\n* Chronic skin ulcerations.","16 Years",{"count":59,"type":19},[62],"The aim of our work is to investigate whether electrical Lateral Cord Stimulation (LCS) causes an inhibitory and modulatory action by indirect cerebellar activation, so releasing spasticity and the spastic syndrome in selected cases of patients with cerebral palsy",[153,29],"Cerebral Palsy",[155,156,157,29,158],"Dysarthria","Electrical Stimulation","Lateral Cord Stimulation","Treatment","2026-04-24",{"date":131,"type":41},{"date":162,"type":19},"2027-06-01",{"date":164,"type":19},"2030-12-31",{"name":166,"class":48},"Juan Carlos M. Andreani MD",2,{"id":169,"slug":170,"hasResults":11,"nctId":171,"briefTitle":172,"officialTitle":173,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":174,"healthyVolunteers":175,"sex":15,"minAge":176,"maxAge":177,"enrollmentInfo":178,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":180,"briefSummary":181,"conditions":182,"keywords":183,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":189,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":190,"startDateStruct":192,"completionDateStruct":194,"leadSponsor":196,"locationsCount":139},"100632621","spinal-cord-stimulation-for-children-with-cerebral-palsy-100632621","NCT07516067","Spinal Cord Stimulation for Children With Cerebral Palsy","Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation to Treat Spasticity in Children With Cerebral Palsy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nA. Patient-Participant Group (Children with Cerebral Palsy)\n\n* Children aged 5 to 17 years with a confirmed diagnosis of cerebral palsy.\n* Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Levels I to IV, able to walk with or without assistance (walker or cane). This classification will have been completed by Dr. Martin Piazza and his Movement Disorders clinic team.\n* Stable medical condition without recent surgeries or interventions that could affect motor function.\n* Must be able to communicate basic needs and follow simple instructions.\n* Provision of informed consent by a parent or legal guardian, with assent from the child as appropriate.\n\nB. Control Group (Children without Neurological Diagnoses)\n\n* Children aged 5 to 17 years with no history of neurological diagnoses.\n* Must be fully ambulatory without assistance.\n* Must be able to communicate basic needs and follow simple instructions.\n* Provision of informed consent by a parent or legal guardian, with assent from the child as appropriate.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Presence of implanted medical devices (e.g., baclofen pumps, deep brain stimulators) that may interfere with TSCS.\n* Severe scoliosis or spinal deformities that could affect the delivery of tSCS.\n* Uncontrolled epilepsy or a history of frequent seizures.\n* Severe cognitive impairments limiting the ability to comply with study procedures.\n* Skin conditions or open wounds at the site of stimulation.\n* Participation in other interventional studies that may confound results.\n* Any serious disease or disorder (e.g. cancer, severe cardiac or respiratory disease, etc.) that could affect ability to participate in this study.",true,"5 Years","17 Years",{"count":179,"type":19},30,[62],"The goal of this clinical trial is to help understand spinal cord excitability in children with cerebral palsy compared to neurologically typical children. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* What are the mechanisms of spinal circuit hyperexcitability in CP?\n* Can transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation reduce spinal circuit hyperexcitability?\n\nParticipants with cerebral palsy will be asked to complete:\n\n* Movement and strength exercises\n* Mild, non-invasive stimulation on the back and legs that feels like a light tap.\n* Gentle, non-invasive tests that help us see how the brain and the spinal cord communicate with the muscles",[153,29],[153,29,184,185,186,187,188],"Spinal Cord Stimulation","tSCS","TMS","Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation","transcranial magnetic stimulation","2026-04-02",{"date":191,"type":41},"2026-04-07",{"date":193,"type":41},"2026-03-30",{"date":195,"type":19},"2026-12",{"name":197,"class":48},"Martin Piazza",{"id":199,"slug":200,"hasResults":11,"nctId":201,"briefTitle":202,"officialTitle":202,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":203,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":204,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":206,"conditions":207,"keywords":210,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":216,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":217,"startDateStruct":218,"completionDateStruct":220,"leadSponsor":222,"locationsCount":139},"100628836","classification-of-upper-and-lower-limb-spasticity-patterns-and-their-impact-on-quality-of-life-in-patients-with-multiple-sclerosis-100628836","NCT07466823","Classification of Upper and Lower Limb Spasticity Patterns and Their Impact on Quality of Life in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis according to the 2024 McDonald criteria\n* Age ≥ 18 years\n* Presence of clinical spasticity defined as Modified Ashworth Scale score ≥ 1 in at least one joint\n* Ability to understand study procedures and provide informed consent\n* Absence of significant cognitive impairment\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Presence of orthopedic, rheumatologic, or neurological conditions affecting movement other than multiple sclerosis\n* Botulinum toxin type A injection within the previous 3 months\n* Previous surgical treatment for upper extremity spasticity\n* Bone deformities affecting the upper extremity\n* Inability or unwillingness to provide informed consent\n* Presence of cognitive impairment",{"count":205,"type":19},75,"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease frequently associated with spasticity, which may lead to functional limitations and reduced quality of life. Although spasticity is common in MS, detailed descriptions of upper and lower extremity spasticity patterns are limited. A better understanding of spasticity patterns may help improve individualized rehabilitation and treatment planning.\n\nThe aim of this study is to classify upper and lower extremity spasticity patterns in patients with multiple sclerosis and to investigate their association with quality of life. Adult patients with MS and clinical spasticity will be recruited from a tertiary care outpatient clinic. Spasticity will be evaluated using the Modified Ashworth Scale, and extremity postures will be recorded to define spasticity patterns. Functional performance will be assessed using the Timed 25-Foot Walk Test and the 9-Hole Peg Test. The impact of spasticity on quality of life will be evaluated using the Patient-Reported Impact of Spasticity Measure (PRISM).\n\nThis prospective cross-sectional study is designed to provide a systematic description of spasticity patterns in patients with multiple sclerosis and to examine their relationship with functional outcomes and quality of life.",[208,29,209],"Multiple Sclerosis","Spasticity With Multiple Sclerosis",[211,29,212,213,214,215],"Multiple sclerosis","Spasticity patterns","PRISM","Upper extremity spasticity","Lower extremity spasticity","2026-03-29",{"date":189,"type":41},{"date":219,"type":41},"2026-01-01",{"date":221,"type":19},"2026-07-01",{"name":223,"class":48},"Marmara University",{"id":225,"slug":226,"hasResults":11,"nctId":227,"briefTitle":228,"officialTitle":229,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":230,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":231,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":232,"briefSummary":233,"conditions":234,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":236,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":237,"startDateStruct":238,"completionDateStruct":240,"leadSponsor":242,"locationsCount":139},"100631495","phase-1-shockwave-for-elbow-and-wrist-spasticity-in-people-with-spinal-cord-injury-100631495","NCT07501429","Shockwave for Elbow and Wrist Spasticity in People With Spinal Cord Injury","Pilot Trial of a Novel, Non-invasive Treatment for Upper-limb Spasticity in People With Spinal Cord Injury","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. 18 years of age or older.\n2. Have chronic, non-progressive SCI of all levels and severities that occurred greater than 1 year prior to their enrollment.\n3. MAS score of between 1+ and 3 in elbow and wrist flexors of the treated upper limb.\n4. Can be treated with shockwaves. Contraindications include current or recent (within the past 3 months) infection at the site of treatment and severe coagulopathies (e.g. hemophilia).129\n5. No change in antispasmodic medications within the past three months or intended changes over the course of the trial.\n6. Participant is able and willing to comply with the protocol.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. History of surgical procedures in the upper extremity\n2. Severe, inflammatory arthritic diseases\n3. Thrombosis\n4. Anticoagulant medication;\n5. Pregnancy\n6. Cancer\n7. Recent history of local injection of botulinum toxin within 6 months, or phenol\u002Falcohol within the 12 months",{"count":119,"type":19},[91],"Approximately 305,000 people live with a spinal cord injury (SCI) in the United States. Sixty percent of these individuals have tetraplegia, which can cause significant dysfunction of the arms and hands. One of the consequences of SCI is spasticity - involuntary activation of muscles that can hinder bodily functions and negatively affect participation in various aspects of life. Spasticity can lead to loss of functional independence and activity limitations, cause pain, and lead to mood disorders like depression. It can even interfere with rehabilitation and lead to hospitalization. In people with tetraplegia, spasticity of the arms and hands can have a tremendous impact on independence and quality of life, and thus regaining function in these areas remains a top priority. Unfortunately, spasticity is difficult to treat. Common treatments include physical therapy, including exercise or stretching; medications such as Baclofen; and injections with agents like botulinum toxin (also known as Botox). Botox injections are often implemented alongside other modalities like therapy, yet they are invasive, tend to last for only a few months, and carry potential side effects. One potential non-invasive treatment for upper limb spasticity is focused extracorporeal shockwave therapy (f-ESWT), which involves an external application of high-pressure sound waves, similar to ultrasound. An applicator\u002Fhandpiece is placed on the skin over the spastic muscle and the focused sound waves are applied. f-ESWT carries no long-term side effects with minimal discomfort during application. However, there has been limited research on this treatment option in people with SCI who have arm and hand dysfunction caused by spasticity. The purpose of this study is to fill in that knowledge gap. This will be accomplished by measuring different aspects of spasticity from the perspective of both the clinician and the person with SCI. These will include clinical measures, such as elbow and wrist range of motion, as well as how the treatment impacts the person's functional independence and quality of life. Ultrasound methods will be used to look at the person's muscles to see if any beneficial changes occur in their structure and stiffness. People with SCI who meet eligibility criteria will be invited to the laboratory to receive f-ESWT, which will occur once per week for three consecutive weeks. Treatment will entail application of f-ESWT to the elbow and wrist flexor muscles. Participants will be invited back to the laboratory to have their spasticity measured by a clinician, be asked questions about how their spasticity has impacted their lives, and have their muscles imaged with ultrasound. Findings from this study are expected to generate insight on whether f-ESWT could be a viable treatment option for spasticity of the arms and hands in people with SCI, and if a larger clinical trial is warranted.",[65,29,235],"Shockwave Therapy","2026-03-26",{"date":193,"type":41},{"date":239,"type":19},"2026-04",{"date":241,"type":19},"2028-12",{"name":243,"class":48},"Kessler Foundation",{"id":245,"slug":246,"hasResults":11,"nctId":247,"briefTitle":248,"officialTitle":249,"acronym":250,"eligibilityCriteria":251,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":252,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":254,"conditions":255,"keywords":278,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":280,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":281,"startDateStruct":282,"completionDateStruct":284,"leadSponsor":286,"locationsCount":288},"100571728","neurosurgical-outcome-network-100571728","NCT06724029","Neurosurgical Outcome Network","Neurosurgical Outcome Network Per la Predizione Dell'Outcome in Neurochirurgia","NEON","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Neuro-oncological pathology: supratentorial and subtentorial tumors, intra and extra axial tumors excluding the skull base (anterior, middle and posterior fossa; sellar and parasellar region)\n* Basicranial pathology: tumors originating from the anterior cranial fossa, middle cranial fossa and posterior cranial fossa, sellar region with or without supratentorial\u002Fparasellar development.\n* Vascular pathology: aneurysms, AVMs, cavernomas, other pathologies (Moyamoya disease, dural fistulas, nontraumatic hematomas)\n* Traumatic pathology: diffuse damage (nonvisible diffuse damage, diffuse damage, diffuse damage with edema, diffuse damage with shift) and focal damage (acute\u002Fsubacute\u002Fchronic subdural hematoma, extradural hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intraparenchymal hematoma, fractures); hydrocephalus. The inclusion criterion for chronic subdural hematoma is recent bleeding for TBI with CT finding of chronic subdural hematoma candidate for evacuation surgery.\n* Spinal pathology: degenerative cervical (anterior\u002Fposterior), myelopathic, and trauma pathology; instrumented, uninstrumented thoracolumbar pathology (disc pathology, canal pathology), and trauma pathology; oncologic spinal pathology.\n* Functional pathology: Parkinson's disease, spasticity, trigeminal neuralgia, craniofacial pain\u002Falgia, neuropathic pain, tremor, dystonias, obsessive compulsive disorder, drug-resistant epilepsies, depression. Normotensive hydrocephalus.\n* Peripheral nervous system pathology: peripheral nerve compression syndromes, peripheral nerve and plexus tumors, brachial plexus and peripheral nerve trauma (contusion and section)\n* Malformative pathology: Chiari malformation type 1 and craniostenoses including both those framed in malformative syndromes and those not framed in malformative syndromes (monosutural craniostenoses: trigonocephaly, plagiocephaly, scaphocephaly; multisutural craniostenoses). Malformative hydrocephalus.\n* For cognitive and psychological assessment: age 18 years or older; adequate understanding of Italian language; diagnosis of glioma, meningioma, vascular pathology, spinal pathology\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* For cognitive and psychological assessment: patients with psychiatric diseases in history and\u002For taking psychotropic drugs; presence of overt cognitive decline (not due to the injury) in history; patients younger than 18 years old.",{"count":253,"type":19},4500,"The evaluation of neurosurgical outcomes varies from center to center, and the predictive factors that determine these outcomes are not fully known or shared. This study aims to assess outcomes and their predictors using measures agreed upon by the participating centers. Standardizing the evaluation of outcomes and predictors improves the quality of research, allows for data comparison, and facilitates a \"common language\" in routine clinical practice. Most importantly, it influences therapeutic decisions in various neurosurgical conditions. Clinically, the identified predictors can also be used during preoperative assessments to provide more precise guidance to patients undergoing surgery.",[256,257,258,259,260,261,262,263,264,265,266,29,267,268,269,270,271,272,273,274,275,276,277],"Aneurysms","Arteriovenous Malformations","Cavernomas","Skull Base Tumors","Moyamoya Disease","Dural Fistulas","Subdural Hematoma","Extradural Hematoma","Subarachnoid Hemorrhage","Hydrocephalus","Parkinson&Amp;#39;s Disease","Trigeminal Neuralgia","Craniofacial Pain","Neuropathic Pain","Tremor","Dystonias","Obsessive-compulsive Disorder","Drug-resistant Epilepsy","Depression","Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus","Tumors of Peripheral Nerves","Chiari Malformation Type 1",[279],"Neurosurgery Outcome Artificial Intelligence predictors","2026-03-25",{"date":193,"type":41},{"date":283,"type":41},"2022-12-05",{"date":285,"type":19},"2027-06",{"name":287,"class":48},"Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta",27,{"id":290,"slug":291,"hasResults":11,"nctId":292,"briefTitle":293,"officialTitle":294,"acronym":295,"eligibilityCriteria":296,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":297,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":299,"briefSummary":300,"conditions":301,"keywords":306,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":312,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":313,"startDateStruct":315,"completionDateStruct":317,"leadSponsor":319,"locationsCount":139},"100576220","upper-limb-nerve-cryoneurolysis-is-non-inferior-to-the-usual-care-and-has-therapeutic-add-value-in-dealing-with-shoulder-pain-and-functional-problems-caused-by-spasticity-and-motor-impairment-100576220","NCT06782464","Upper Limb Nerve Cryoneurolysis is Non Inferior to the Usual Care and Has Therapeutic Add Value in Dealing With Shoulder Pain and Functional Problems Caused by Spasticity and Motor Impairment","Ultrasound Guided Cryoneurolysis to Treat Shoulder Pain and Functional Problems Related to Upper Limb Spasticity","spastiCRYO-UL","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Be over 18 years old.\n* Have a clinically and functionally stable condition.\n* Present spastic hemiplegia of the upper limb caused by a stroke, traumatic, or hypoxic brain event occurring more than 6 months before the study.\n* The paretic upper limb must present significant spastic plegia at the shoulder adductors and\u002For shoulder internal rotators (≥ 1+ on the Modified Ashworth Scale).\n* Have a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain score \\> 40\u002F100 mm.\n* Have spasticity causing limitations in providing care.\n* Have the cognitive capacity to make informed decisions. A comprehensive explanation of the study will be provided orally and in writing to participants and a trusted relative of their choosing.\n* Maintain any medications on a stable schedule.\n* Accept and have access to an interdisciplinary rehabilitation program and standardized evaluation sessions throughout the study.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* In the investigator's opinion, the subject will be exposed to unacceptable risk by participation.\n* Previous intervention or condition that altered the target neural anatomy of the upper limb.\n* Any injection (neurolytic, sclerosing, anesthesia, etc.) to the upper limb within the last 4 months.\n* Spasticity invasive treatment such as intrathecal baclofen during the trial.\n* Current enrollment in an investigational drug or device study targeting spasticity management.\n* Pregnancy or lactation.\n* Allergy or intolerance to local anesthesia\u002FBoNT-A.\n* Contraindications to BoNT-A administration, such as:\n\n  * Myasthenia Gravis\n  * Eaton-Lambert syndrome\n  * Possible drug interactions (e.g., aminoglycosides and BoNT-A)\n* Any local skin condition at the treatment site that may adversely affect treatment or outcomes.\n* Chronic medication use (prescription or over-the-counter) that, in the investigator's opinion, would affect study participation or subject safety.\n* Contraindications to cryoneurolysis, including:\n\n  * Diagnosis of cryoglobulinemia\n  * Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria\n  * Cold urticaria\n  * Raynaud's disease\n  * Any form of peripheral neuropathy\n  * Open and\u002For infected wounds on the affected limb\n* Diagnosis of concomitant progressive neurological diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.\n* Any reason, in the investigator's opinion, that the subject may not be suitable for study participation (e.g., history of noncompliance, drug addiction, or any related upper limb injury).",{"count":298,"type":19},50,[62],"This trial is part of the spastiCRYO clinical research project. The primary objective of this clinical trial is to test the hypothesis: \"Upper limb nerve cryoneurolysis is non inferior to the usual care and has therapeutic add value in dealing with shoulder pain and functional problems caused by spasticity and motor impairment\".\n\nIt is a non-inferiority study on the referred topic, comparing the therapeutic effect (improvement in function and pain) of cryoneurolysis of selected nerves (lateral pectoral nerve and thoracodorsal nerve) with the usual care: intramuscular botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A) injection of pectoralis major, teres major and subscapularis muscles. The hypothesis is that cryoneurolysis is not inferior to the usual care in terms of magnitude of the therapeutic effect and might have a therapeutic add-value in terms of duration of that effect.\n\nTwo secondary hypotheses are firstly, that cryoneurolysis is a safe procedure that can be deployed in a rehabilitation hospital setting with minimum requirements to perform mini-invasive procedures and secondly that selecting patients who might benefit from this treatment is straightforward.\n\nTo test these hypotheses, the research team will gather, analyse and compare outcome measures data from the endpoints which are the changes along the trial duration in shoulder pain, upper limb function, involved muscles spasticity, shoulder range of motion (abduction and external rotation) level of impairment, and follow-up of potential adverse effects in two independent and equivalent groups of participants who have shoulder pain and functional limitations caused by spasticity and are in a stable phase of their condition. Participants in one group (cryoneurolysis arm) have one session of selected nerves ultrasound and neurostimulation guided cryoneurolysis and participants in the other group (BoNT-A arm) have one session of ultrasound and neurostimulation guided injection of BoNT-A in the pectoralis major, teres major and subscapularis.\n\nThe participants of the two groups follow an upper limb analogous rehabilitation program for 24 weeks after each intervention. Longitudinal follow-up in the trial will take 24 weeks. In a real-world scenario, within 24 weeks the effect of Bont-A intramuscular injection has already waned, and the procedure should be repeated.\n\nSecondary objectives are to compare changes in upper limb sensory function and electroneuromyographic parameters with the intention to understand the cryoneurolysis mechanism of action and the reversibility of this mini-invasive intervention. Changes in quality-of-life dimension of participants is a secondary endpoint as well.",[302,29,303,304,123,208,305,65],"Hemiplegia","Shoulder Spasticity","Shoulder Stiffness","Traumatic Brain Injury",[307,308,309,127,310,311],"cryoneurolysis","spasticity","pain","traumatic brain injury","spinal cord injury","2026-03-17",{"date":314,"type":41},"2026-03-19",{"date":316,"type":41},"2024-12-12",{"date":318,"type":19},"2028-12-12",{"name":320,"class":48},"Centre National de Rééducation Fonctionnelle et de Réadaptation",{"id":322,"slug":323,"hasResults":11,"nctId":324,"briefTitle":325,"officialTitle":326,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":327,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":328,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":330,"briefSummary":331,"conditions":332,"keywords":334,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":336,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":337,"startDateStruct":339,"completionDateStruct":341,"leadSponsor":343,"locationsCount":139},"100510450","leg-stretching-using-an-exoskeleton-on-demand-for-people-with-spasticity-100510450","NCT05926596","Leg Stretching Using an Exoskeleton on Demand for People With Spasticity","Leg Stretching Using a Controllable Wearable Exoskeleton on Demand for People With Spasticity","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Veteran individuals with spasticity due to spinal cord injury (SCI) at least 6 months post SCI\n* Capable of providing informed consent and reporting age, gender, and neurological condition\n* Neurologically stable (\\>6 months post-SCI) and can wear the device and the sensors, provide written informed consent, and follow instruction\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Participants should not experience another neurological disorder except their primary diagnosed neurological condition (spinal cord injury)\n* Participants should not be pregnant\n* Participants should weigh less than 300 lbs\n* Participants should not have experienced signs of hip\u002Fknee pain during the past 2-3 weeks that limits mobility (i.e., reaching, walking, lifting, etc.)\n* Participants should be recovered from any previous surgical interventions, joint injuries, muscle strain, or extreme muscle soreness following surgery\n* Participants should not take medications known to affect bone metabolism, muscle strength or cardiovascular performance or have any ailments causing high fever, high blood pressure, or high heart rate",{"count":329,"type":19},10,[62],"The purpose of this research study is to develop a protocol using a fully wearable, portable lower-limb exoskeleton for improving leg and walking function in people with movement disorders. The study investigates the effects of wearing the device during a set of experiments including leg stretching, treadmill walking and overground walking in muscle activity, joint motion, and gait performance. The goal is to develop an effective lower-limb strategy to restore lost leg function (e.g., range of motion) and gait ability, and improve quality of life in people with movement deficits following a neurological disorder.",[29,333,65],"Movement Disorders",[335,308],"exoskeleton","2026-02-19",{"date":338,"type":41},"2026-02-23",{"date":340,"type":41},"2026-02-09",{"date":342,"type":19},"2026-10-30",{"name":344,"class":345},"VA Office of Research and Development","FED",{"id":347,"slug":348,"hasResults":11,"nctId":349,"briefTitle":350,"officialTitle":351,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":352,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":353,"maxAge":354,"enrollmentInfo":355,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":356,"briefSummary":357,"conditions":358,"keywords":362,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":368,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":369,"startDateStruct":371,"completionDateStruct":373,"leadSponsor":375,"locationsCount":4},"100625136","effects-of-spiral-strapping-systems-on-upper-limb-function-in-unilateral-spastic-cerebral-palsy-100625136","NCT07418710","Effects Of Spiral Strapping Systems On Upper Limb Function In Unilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy","The Effect Of Different Spiral Strapping Systems On Upper Extremity Functionality, Hand Skills, And Grip Strength In Children With Unilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\nDiagnosis of unilateral spastic cerebral palsy\n\nAge between 4 and 15 years\n\nManual Ability Classification System (MACS) levels I-III\n\nPresence of spasticity graded as 1, 1+, or 2 on the Modified Ashworth Scale in at least two of the following upper limb muscle groups: shoulder internal rotators, elbow flexors, forearm pronators, wrist flexors, finger flexors, or thumb adductors\n\nCommunication Function Classification System (CFCS) levels I-II\n\nGross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I-III\n\nAbility to actively participate in upper limb rehabilitation interventions\n\nWritten informed consent provided by parents or legal guardians\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\nUpper limb botulinum toxin injection or upper limb surgery within the last 6 months\n\nPresence of fixed contractures in the upper limb joints that may interfere with assessment or intervention protocols\n\nSevere behavioral or communication problems that would prevent participation in the study procedures\n\nUncontrolled or treatment-resistant epilepsy","4 Years","15 Years",{"count":288,"type":19},[62],"The purpose of this clinical study is to learn whether two different spiral strapping systems can improve arm and hand use in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy. These strapping systems are used to support the arm in a more functional position and to help children control their movements during daily activities.\n\nThis study aims to answer the following main questions:\n\nDoes spiral strapping help children use their arm and hand more effectively in daily activities?\n\nDoes spiral strapping improve hand skills and grip strength?\n\nIs there a difference in effect between the two spiral strapping systems?\n\nTo answer these questions, researchers will divide participants into three groups. One group will receive a standard rehabilitation program plus TheraTogs® spiral strapping. A second group will receive the same rehabilitation program plus TogRite™ spiral strapping. The third group will receive the rehabilitation program only.\n\nParticipants will:\n\nTake part in rehabilitation sessions twice a week for eight weeks.\n\nUse spiral strapping during some sessions, depending on their group.\n\nComplete arm and hand assessments at the beginning and at the end of the study.\n\nThe results of this study may help develop simple and practical rehabilitation approaches that support children with cerebral palsy in becoming more independent in daily life.",[359,360,361,29],"Cerebral Palsy (CP)","Hand Grip Strength","Upper Extremity Function",[363,364,308,365,366,367],"cerebral palsy","upper extremity function","hand grip strength","orthoses","hand skill","2026-02-16",{"date":370,"type":41},"2026-02-18",{"date":372,"type":19},"2026-02-15",{"date":374,"type":19},"2027-02-15",{"name":376,"class":48},"Abant Izzet Baysal University",{"id":378,"slug":379,"hasResults":11,"nctId":380,"briefTitle":381,"officialTitle":382,"acronym":383,"eligibilityCriteria":384,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":385,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":387,"briefSummary":388,"conditions":389,"keywords":395,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":404,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":405,"startDateStruct":407,"completionDateStruct":409,"leadSponsor":411,"locationsCount":167},"100608487","at-home-use-of-stimulation-suits-for-managing-ms-symptoms-100608487","NCT07202195","At Home Use of Stimulation Suits for Managing MS Symptoms","Home-Based Neuromodulation Suits for Reducing Spasticity and Ataxia in Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-center RCT","HANDS-MS","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Eligible participants must have ataxia or spasticity alongside impairments in upper or lower extremity physical function. MAS score ≥ 1 will be used as an inclusion criterion to determine the presence of spasticity. SARA score ≥ 4 will be used as an inclusion criterion to determine the presence of ataxia. Note: one of the two criteria (MAS score or SARA score) must be fulfilled for a pwMS to be eligible.\n* The patient must have the cognitive abilities to understand instructions and to be able to complete the questionnaires adequately\n* Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Implanted devices (like pacemaker, Baclofen pump, neurostimulator, defibrillator, shunts, ECG equipment, electronic life support, high frequency operation equipment )\n* Change in disease modifying treatment within the last 3 months\n* Use of Botuline Toxine A within the last 3months\n* Recent relapse within the last 3 months\n* Acute musculoskeletal problems that hinder the test performance,\n* Pregnancy\n* Sizes bigger than 3XL (triple eXtra Large)\n* Skin eruptions and\u002For skin areas in the stimulation zone that are swollen, infected or inflamed.",{"count":386,"type":19},70,[62],"This study is being carried out at Multiple Sclerosis (MS) centers to evaluate whether a full-body stimulation suit at home can help people with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) reduce symptoms like spasticity (muscle stiffness) and ataxia (poor coordination), and improve daily functioning.\n\nCan pwMS who experience spasticity or ataxia benefit from using a stimulation suit for 6 weeks?\n\nResearchers will compare two groups: an intervention group (who will use the suit) and a control group (who will not use the suit).\n\nParticipants in the intervention group will:\n\n* Wear the suit for 6 weeks in total every day or every other day (1 week during their MS center admission and 5 weeks at home).\n* Receive their usual care in addition to wearing the suit.\n* Undergo clinical tests at the MS center after 1 week and 6 weeks of stimulation.\n\nParticipants in the control group will:\n\n* Receive their usual care.\n* Undergo clincial tests at the same time points as the other group.",[208,390,209,391,392,393,29,394],"MS (Multiple Sclerosis)","Ataxia - Other","Ataxia, Cerebellar","Ataxia, Motor","Home Based Care",[396,308,397,398,399,400,401,402,403],"ataxia","multiple sclerosis","MS","neuromodulation suit","stimulation suit","exopluse molli suit","home-based rehabilitation","symptom management","2026-02-04",{"date":406,"type":41},"2026-02-06",{"date":408,"type":19},"2026-03",{"date":410,"type":19},"2027-09",{"name":412,"class":48},"Daphne Kos",{"id":414,"slug":415,"hasResults":11,"nctId":416,"briefTitle":417,"officialTitle":418,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":419,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":57,"enrollmentInfo":420,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":422,"briefSummary":424,"conditions":425,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":426,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":427,"startDateStruct":429,"completionDateStruct":431,"leadSponsor":433,"locationsCount":4},"100453058","phase-3-a-study-to-investigate-arbaclofen-er-tablets-for-the-treatment-of-spasticity-in-patients-with-multiple-sclerosis-100453058","NCT05179577","A Study to Investigate Arbaclofen ER Tablets for the Treatment of Spasticity in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis","A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Parallel Group Study to Investigate the Safety and Efficacy of Arbaclofen Extended-Release Tablets for the Treatment of Spasticity in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis (Study OS440-3006)","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Subjects 18 to 65 years of age, inclusive\n* An established diagnosis per McDonald Criteria (Polman et al 2011) of MS (either RR or SP course) that manifests a documented history of spasticity for at least 6 months prior to screening\n* Spasticity due to MS as shown by a TNmAS-MAL score ≥ 2\n* Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score greater than or equal to (≥) 3.0 and less than or equal to (≤) 7.0\n* Absence of infections, peripheral vascular disease, painful contractures, advanced arthritis, or other conditions that hinder evaluation of joint movement\n* Use of a medically highly effective form of birth control (see Section 7.8) during the study and for 3 months thereafter for women of child-bearing potential (including female subjects and female partners of non-sterile male subjects)\n* Willing to sign the informed consent form (ICF)\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Any concomitant disease or disorder that has symptoms of spasticity or that may influence the subject's level of spasticity\n* In the opinion of the investigator, the patient is unable to rate their level of spasticity or distinguish it from other MS symptoms\n* Concomitant use of medications that would potentially interfere with the actions of the study medication or outcome variables\n* Pregnancy, lactation, or planned pregnancy during the course of the study and for 3 months after the final study visit\n* Current significant cognitive deficit, severe or untreated anxiety, severe or untreated depression\n* Current malignancy or history of malignancy that has not been in remission for more than 5 years, except effectively treated basal cell skin carcinoma\n* Any other significant disease, disorder, or significant laboratory finding which, in the opinion of the investigator, puts the subject at risk because of participation, influences the result of the study, or affects the subject's ability to participate",{"count":421,"type":19},442,[423],"PHASE3","This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral arbaclofen ER tablets in MS patients with spasticity. Arbaclofen ER will be compared with placebo.",[29],"2025-11-25",{"date":428,"type":41},"2025-12-03",{"date":430,"type":19},"2027-01",{"date":432,"type":19},"2028-04",{"name":434,"class":107},"RVL Pharmaceuticals, Inc.",{"id":436,"slug":437,"hasResults":11,"nctId":438,"briefTitle":439,"officialTitle":440,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":441,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":442,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":443,"briefSummary":444,"conditions":445,"keywords":446,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":451,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":452,"startDateStruct":454,"completionDateStruct":456,"leadSponsor":458,"locationsCount":167},"100605298","effectiveness-of-an-interprofessional-approach-to-the-treatment-of-spasticity-with-botulinum-toxin--non-pharmacological-therapies-100605298","NCT07160699","Effectiveness of an Interprofessional Approach to the Treatment of Spasticity With Botulinum Toxin & Non-pharmacological Therapies","To Evaluate the Effectiveness of an Interprofessional, Collaborative Approach to the Treatment of Spasticity Comprising Botulinum Toxin & Non-pharmacological Post-injection Therapy. A Study Protocol of a Multi-Centred N-of-1 Series","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18 or over\n* male, female or other\n* acute or chronic spasticity\n* patients who have been assessed by the spasticity MDT and whose treatment plan includes Botulinum toxin and non-pharmacological therapies for focal or multi-focal spasticity and who have signed the general consent at entry.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* \\\u003C18 years\n* Patients with spasticity, who will not receive BoNT\n* Planned re-injection of BoNT before the end of the Phase C Follow-Up\n* Previous BoNT injection within 3 months of baseline measurements",{"count":179,"type":19},[62],"Many people with neurological conditions will experience spasticity, a nonvolitional and uncontrollable tightening and\u002For spasm of muscles. This can impact the person's functioning and independence in everyday tasks and can contribute to contractures. Spasticity and contracture develop and affect each person differently. Treatment is provided by a multi-disciplinary team (MDT), working collaboratively to offer the best combination of medications (including botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT)) and non-pharmacological interventions. There are a wide range of therapy interventions available. Each person's treatment plan is uniquely tailored to them, their individual presentation, and their treatment goals. Evidencing the effectiveness of spasticity and contracture treatment has been difficult. The manifestation and treatment of spasticity is never the same between patients. The experience of the condition and the perceived and observable effectiveness of treatment are unique to the individual. Treatment is most effective when MDT's work together to combine the most appropriate medications and therapies in a treatment plan individualised to the person and their presentation. Understanding how expert teams formulate spasticity treatment and how effectively their expertise influences spasticity outcomes could help inform practice.\n\nThe purpose of this multicenter, case study series is to evaluate the effectiveness of two conceptually similar, specialised MDT approaches for the treatment of patients with spasticity in two cross-national neurorehabilitation facilities.\n\nThe goal of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of interprofessional treatments of non-drug interventions in combination with botulinum toxin injections in patients who suffer from spasticity.\n\nThe main goals of the study are to evaluate:\n\n1. Describe and evaluate the types of botulinum toxin and therapy treatment choices expert MDTs make when treating people with spasticity.\n2. Evaluate whether a MDT approach to the assessment and treatment of spasticity using BoNT and non-pharmacological interventions is effective at achieving patient goals.\n3. Evaluate whether a MDT approach to the assessment and treatment of spasticity using BoNT and non-pharmacological interventions, improves impairment and activity\u002Fparticipation outcomes using commonly used clinical outcome measures.\n\nThere will be no comparison group. The N-of-1, ABC study design allows participants to serve as their own controls.\n\nParticipants will undergo assessements to describe their goals and severity of spasticity:\n\n* Goal Attainment Scale light\n* ArmA \\& SQoL-6D\n* LegA\n* Modified Ashworth Scale\n* Modifies Tardieu Scale\n* Muscle Strength according to MRC\n* Pain Measurement (NRS, VAS or other)",[29],[308,447,448,449,450],"neurorehabilitation","botulinium toxin","non-pharmacological interventions","multi-disciplinary","2025-09-01",{"date":453,"type":41},"2025-09-08",{"date":455,"type":19},"2025-10-01",{"date":457,"type":19},"2027-04",{"name":459,"class":48},"Technical University of Bern",{"id":461,"slug":462,"hasResults":11,"nctId":463,"briefTitle":464,"officialTitle":464,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":465,"healthyVolunteers":175,"sex":15,"minAge":466,"maxAge":16,"enrollmentInfo":467,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":469,"conditions":470,"keywords":472,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":477,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":478,"startDateStruct":480,"completionDateStruct":481,"leadSponsor":483,"locationsCount":484},"100593140","predictors-of-motor-magery-performance-in-cerebral-palsy-100593140","NCT07002567","Predictors of Motor İmagery Performance in Cerebral Palsy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* 6-18 year olds diagnosed with spastic type unilateral and bilateral diplegia CP,\n* Those with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I - II,\n* Hand Skill Classification System (EBSS) level I-II,\n* Children with a Mini-Mental Test score of at least 24 points,\n* Those with IQ \\\u003C70, Those who can understand the guidelines of the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Those with advanced vision, hearing and attention problems,\n* Those with advanced cardiovascular or cognitive problems,\n* Upper extremity botulinum toxin administration and surgery in the last 6 months,\n* Those who have received MI training in the last 6 months","6 Years",{"count":468,"type":19},54,"There are very few studies in the literature examining the effect of age on motor imagery ability in children with cerebral palsy. To our knowledge, no studies have investigated the impact of other related factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of age, sex, body mass index, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, and Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) level on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.\n\nH1-1: Age has an effect on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.\n\nH1-2: Sex has an effect on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.\n\nH1-3: Clinical type has an effect on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.\n\nH1-4: Body mass index has an effect on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.\n\nH1-5: GMFCS level has an effect on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.\n\nH1-6: MACS level has an effect on motor imagery abilities in children with cerebral palsy.",[359,29,471],"Motor Learning",[473,474,475,476],"MOTOR İMAGERY","CEREBRAL PALSY","UPPER EXTREMİTY","PHYSIOTHERAPY","2025-07-03",{"date":479,"type":41},"2025-07-04",{"date":479,"type":19},{"date":482,"type":19},"2025-11-01",{"name":376,"class":48},3,{"id":486,"slug":487,"hasResults":11,"nctId":488,"briefTitle":489,"officialTitle":490,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":491,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":492,"enrollmentInfo":493,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":495,"briefSummary":496,"conditions":497,"keywords":498,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":502,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":503,"startDateStruct":505,"completionDateStruct":507,"leadSponsor":509,"locationsCount":139},"100546390","dry-needling-in-multiple-sclerosis-100546390","NCT06394310","Dry Needling in Multiple Sclerosis","The Effectiveness of Dry Needling on Reducing Spasticity and Promoting Mobility and Balance in People With Multiple Sclerosis","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age 18 to 64 years\n* Clinical diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis based on the McDonald Criteria\n* Spasticity in their lower legs\n* Patient Determined Disease Steps (PDDS) score of 5 or below\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Inability to communicate effectively with study personnel\n* Needle phobia\n* Severe varicose veins\n* Presence of an active implanted device\n* Pregnancy\n* Any active cancer or history within 1 year\n* known or suspected infection at the site of needling or in the surrounding area\n* Presence of a fixed plantarflexion contracture at the ankle\n* Acute fracture of dislocation in the region (bilateral lower extremity)\n* Deep vein thrombosis or peripheral vascular disease\n* Thrombophlebitis, or active osteomyelitis in the region (bilateral lower extremity)\n* Any medication changes, including antispastic medicines, for the past three months.","64 Years",{"count":494,"type":19},24,[62],"The investigators are doing this study to see if a treatment called dry needling improves muscle spasticity (muscle tightness) in people who have Multiple Sclerosis. Dry needling involves using tiny needles, like those in acupuncture, to target some muscles, like calf muscles. It differs from traditional acupuncture as it focuses on treating or managing muscle spots, aiming to reduce muscle stiffness and pain. Dry needling may offer a minimally-invasive and medication-free approach to improve muscle spasticity. The investigators hope to see if dry needling also helps enhance balance and walking abilities. This might provide potential improvements inoverall mobility and balance.",[208,29],[397,499,29,500,501],"Dry needling","Mobility","Balance","2025-06-05",{"date":504,"type":41},"2025-06-11",{"date":506,"type":41},"2024-05-01",{"date":508,"type":19},"2025-08-01",{"name":510,"class":48},"University of Kansas Medical Center",{"id":512,"slug":513,"hasResults":11,"nctId":514,"briefTitle":515,"officialTitle":516,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":517,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":518,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":520,"conditions":521,"keywords":528,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":533,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":534,"startDateStruct":536,"completionDateStruct":538,"leadSponsor":540,"locationsCount":167},"100589740","neuroimmunology-registry-and-biobank-100589740","NCT06958341","Neuroimmunology Registry and Biobank","Registry for Patients With Antibody-mediated Neuroimmunological Diseases","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Differential diagnosis: suspected neuroimmunological disease in which a lumbar puncture is indicated for further diagnosis and treatment decision\n2. Individuals with unclear clinical diagnosis where additional CSF is to be collected for isolation of B cells and production of monoclonal antibodies. The clinical condition of the patients and his\u002Fher compliance have to allow an extra 2-3 ml of CSF to be collected.\n3. Age: all age groups\n4. Gender: patients of both sexes will be included\n\nExclusion criteria:\n\n\\[1\\] Withdrawal of consent",{"count":519,"type":19},300,"A variety of antineuronal antibodies have been detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with neurological diseases. This raises the question of whether these antibodies are disease-specific or merely an epiphenomenon of inflammatory processes in the brain.\n\nThe registry was established with the following objectives: \\[1\\] Are antineuronal antibodies much more common than previously thought in various neurological disorders for which the etiology has not yet been elucidated? \\[2\\] Can further correlations, such as those between HSV infection and NMDA receptor autoimmunity, be identified? \\[3\\] Are these antibodies mainly non-specific epiphenomena or are they crucial for the pathogenesis? \\[4\\] What is the clinical course of patients with antineuronal antibodies and their response to therapy? These questions will be addressed in a broad immunohistological screening of a large number of CSF samples and a clinical database of patients with neurological disorders.",[522,523,524,525,333,526,29,527],"Encephalopathy","Psychosis","Impaired Consciousness","Epilepsy","Motor Neuropathy","Ataxia",[529,530,531,532],"neuroimmunological diseases","cerebrospinal fluid","cell-based assay","tissue-based assay","2025-05-03",{"date":535,"type":41},"2025-05-06",{"date":537,"type":41},"2021-02-01",{"date":539,"type":19},"2031-07-01",{"name":541,"class":48},"Charite University, Berlin, Germany",{"id":543,"slug":544,"hasResults":11,"nctId":545,"briefTitle":546,"officialTitle":547,"acronym":548,"eligibilityCriteria":549,"healthyVolunteers":175,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":550,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":551,"briefSummary":552,"conditions":553,"keywords":558,"overallStatus":37,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":565,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":566,"startDateStruct":568,"completionDateStruct":570,"leadSponsor":572,"locationsCount":139},"100578748","efficacy-of-shock-wave-therapy-in-post-stroke-muscle-spasticity-management-100578748","NCT06815328","Efficacy of Shock Wave Therapy in Post-Stroke Muscle Spasticity Management","Efficacy of Shock Wave Therapy in Patients with Muscle Spasticity After a Stroke","SWT-PI","\"Inclusion Criteria\":\n\n* Adults aged 18 years or older.\n* Confirmed diagnosis of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) at least 6 months prior to enrollment.\n* Clinically diagnosed muscle spasticity, measured by the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), with a score of 0 to 3.\n* Stable medical condition that permits participation in the intervention.\n* No significant changes in spasticity-related treatment for at least 3 months prior to the study.\n* Ability to provide written informed consent to participate in the study.\n* Ability to attend weekly sessions and follow-up visits as required.\n\n\"Exclusion Criteria\":\n\n* Severe spasticity or contractures unresponsive to prior treatments.\n* Contraindications to Shock Wave Therapy, including:\n* Local infections in the treatment area.\n* Known or suspected malignancy near the treatment site.\n* Severe bleeding disorders or anticoagulation therapy.\n* Pregnancy.\n* Neurological conditions other than stroke that could interfere with study outcomes (e.g., Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis).\n* Recent treatments that might interfere with spasticity assessment, including:\n* Injections of botulinum toxin within the past 6 months.\n* Recent surgery or other interventions targeting spasticity.\n* Cognitive impairment or other conditions preventing the participant from following instructions or completing study tasks.\n* Severe cardiovascular, renal, or hepatic disease that might complicate therapy or participation.\n* Inability to commit to follow-up visits or complete the intervention protocol due to logistical, mobility, or health-related issues.",{"count":298,"type":19},[62],"The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of shock wave therapy (SWT) in reducing muscle spasticity in patients who have suffered a stroke. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\nDoes SWT reduce muscle tone and improve joint range of motion in post-stroke patients with spasticity? Does SWT improve the quality of life for these patients? What side effects, if any, occur during or after SWT? Researchers will compare SWT to conventional spasticity treatments to determine its effectiveness and potential advantages.\n\nParticipants will:\n\nUndergo SWT sessions as part of their rehabilitation protocol over a period of 8 weeks.\n\nAttend follow-up visits to assess muscle tone, joint mobility, and overall functional improvement.\n\nComplete quality-of-life questionnaires to measure the therapy's impact on daily living.",[123,29,554,555,556,557],"Post-stroke","Muscle Hypertonia","Neurological Disorders","Physiotherapy",[559,560,561,562,563,564],"Shock Wave Therapy","Post-Stroke Spasticity","Non-Invasive Therapy","Quality of Life","Neurological physical therapy","Muscle Hypertonia Treatment","2025-03-09",{"date":567,"type":41},"2025-03-12",{"date":569,"type":19},"2025-03-15",{"date":571,"type":19},"2025-04-30",{"name":573,"class":48},"University of Oviedo",{"id":575,"slug":576,"hasResults":11,"nctId":577,"briefTitle":578,"officialTitle":578,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":579,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":116,"maxAge":57,"enrollmentInfo":580,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":60,"phases":581,"briefSummary":582,"conditions":583,"keywords":590,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":597,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":598,"startDateStruct":600,"completionDateStruct":602,"leadSponsor":604,"locationsCount":139},"100567889","additional-effects-of-kinesio-taping-along-with-conservative-physical-therapy-on-upper-limb-function-range-of-motion-and-spasticity-in-the-patients-with-subacute-stroke-100567889","NCT06674057","Additional Effects of Kinesio-Taping Along with Conservative Physical Therapy on Upper Limb Function, Range of Motion and Spasticity in the Patients with Subacute Stroke","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age group: 40-65 years onwards\n* Both males and females\n* Patients with history of diagnosed stroke and lie within subacute stage of stroke\n* MAS scale score of 1\\_2\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Any congenital deformities\n* cognitive deficits\n* Fractures\n* Upper limb surgery",{"count":59,"type":19},[62],"A randomized control trial will be done on diagnosed stroke patients of subacute stage in Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi and leading edge physical therapy and rehabilitation clinic.The purpose of the study is to determine Additional Effects of Kinesio-Taping along with conservative Physical Therapy on upper limb function, Range of motion and Spasticity in the patients with Subacute Stroke. The conservational physical therapy includes Passive and active ROMs 25 repetitions each, 3 times per week. PNF stretching (hold relax) for spastic muscles for 20 repetitions with a 10 second hold and 10 second relaxation of the muscle group 3 times per week.\n\nD1 flexion and extension for 20 repetitions 3 times per week. Kinesio tape 3 times per week. (Anchor opposed to effected compartment to provide facilitation and sustained stretch). with srtrngth training included in week 3-6 with a resistance band of medium resistance.\n\ntreatment time will be 30 minutes on alternate days for six weeks.",[584,585,586,29,587,588,123,589],"Subacute Stroke","Upper Limb","Range of Motion","CVA (Cerebrovascular Accident)","KINESIOTAPING","Function",[591,592,593,594,595,596],"Stroke.","subacute stroke","kinesio taping","proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation","Upper limb function.","range of motion","2024-11-04",{"date":599,"type":41},"2024-11-05",{"date":601,"type":41},"2024-06-20",{"date":603,"type":19},"2025-01-20",{"name":605,"class":48},"Foundation University Islamabad",{"id":607,"slug":608,"hasResults":11,"nctId":609,"briefTitle":610,"officialTitle":611,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":612,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":613,"enrollmentInfo":614,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":616,"conditions":617,"keywords":622,"overallStatus":97,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":628,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":629,"startDateStruct":631,"completionDateStruct":633,"leadSponsor":635,"locationsCount":139},"100491090","cryoneurolysis-for-knee-and-shoulder-pain-in-an-inpatient-setting-100491090","NCT05674604","Cryoneurolysis for Knee and Shoulder Pain in an Inpatient Setting","Cryoneurolysis as a Drug Free Novel Treatment for Knee and Shoulder Pain Impairing Inpatient Neurological Rehabilitation","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Adult inpatients at any hospital in the Greater Victoria Area or referred to Victoria General hospital for rehabilitation with the chief complaint of an acute neurological condition (within sixteen weeks) including but not limited to stroke and traumatic brain injury. People that have had a stroke or neurological event within sixteen weeks but have been discharged to outpatient rehab at Victoria General Hospital are also candidates\n2. In addition to their chief complaint, are also affected by one or both of the following\n\n   1. Hemiplegic shoulder pain,\n   2. Knee pain due to osteoarthritis\n3. Patients who are already candidate for cryoneurolysis.\n4. Ability to attend testing sessions, comply with testing protocols and provide either written or verbal informed consent. If necessary, a witness will be asked to sign the consent form and confirm the participant signature. For those patients who do not have the capacity to sign the consent form(Based on evaluation by PI or the recorded assessment by their physician in their medical charts) the designated care provider or family member will be asked to sign the ICF on behalf of them. Evaluation of the capacity to understand and communicate are part of routine assessment and are done routinely and each visit by physicians.\n5. Able to understand and complete study-related questionnaires (must be able to understand and speak English or have access to an appropriate interpreter as judged by the investigator).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Have undergone any previous peripheral nerve procedures in their affected side, for the treatment of spasticity or pain. Relevant treatments included but not limited to previous cryoneurolysis, previous chemical neurolysis, neurectomy or arthroplasty.\n2. Patients who received botulinum toxin in the past 4 months in the same targeted muscles for cryoneurolysis","80 Years",{"count":615,"type":19},25,"The purpose of the study is to measure the outcomes of a standard care, an ultrasound guided mini-invasive percutaneous procedure, performed on recent stroke patients on reduces pain, increases function \\& quality of life\n\nThe primary objective of the project is to reduce shoulder and\u002For knee pain in patients who have had a stroke so that they can more readily engage in rehabilitation.\n\nSecondary objectives are to reduce analgesic medications, increase independence and improve range of motion, to promote non-drug treatment measures in the medical toolkit, and to include an interdisciplinary care team in patient selection for interventions.",[618,619,29,620,621],"Shoulder Pain","Knee Pain","Pain","Acute Stroke",[623,624,625,308,626,627],"Cryoneurolysis","shoulder pain","knee pain","acute stroke","In-patient setting","2024-06-12",{"date":630,"type":41},"2024-06-14",{"date":632,"type":41},"2022-10-10",{"date":634,"type":19},"2024-12",{"name":636,"class":48},"Vancouver Island Health Authority"]