[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"transcranial-direct-current-stimulation\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:transcranial-direct-current-stimulation":26},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,16,0,[8,43,80,99,124,151,172,197,220,244,273,297,323,347,373,400],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":13,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":14,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":17,"enrollmentInfo":18,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":22,"briefSummary":24,"conditions":25,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":31,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":32,"startDateStruct":35,"completionDateStruct":37,"leadSponsor":39,"locationsCount":42},"100441986","a-machine-learning-approach-for-predicting-tdcs-treatment-outcomes-of-adolescents-with-autism-spectrum-disorders-100441986",false,"NCT05035511","A Machine Learning Approach for Predicting tDCS Treatment Outcomes of Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorders","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals who are confirmed by a clinical psychologist based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th Ed (DSM-V) criteria of Autism spectrum disorder and structured interview with their parents or primary caregivers on their developmental history using the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R).\n* Individuals with intelligence quotient above 60.\n* Individuals who demonstrate the ability to comprehend testing and stimulation instructions.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals with severe motor dysfunctions that would hinder their participation, and those with history of other neurological and psychiatric disorders and head trauma, or on psychiatric medication will be excluded from the study","ALL","12 Years","22 Years",{"count":19,"type":20},90,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[23],"NA","Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by disturbances in communication, poor social skills, and aberrant behaviors. Particularly detrimental are the presence of restricted and repetitive stereotyped behaviors and uncontrollable temper outbursts over trivial changes in the environment, which often cause emotional stress for the children, their families, schools and neighborhood communities.\n\nFundamental to these cognitive and behavioral problems is the disordered cortical connectivity and resultant executive dysfunction that underpin the use of effective strategies to integrate information across contexts. Brain connectivity problems affect the rate at which information travels across the brain. Slow processing speed relates to a reduced capacity of executive function to recall and formulate thoughts and actions automatically, with the result that autistic children with poor processing speed have great difficulty learning or perceiving relationships across multiple experiences. In consequence, these children compensate for the impaired ability to integrate information from the environment by memorizing visual details or individual rules from each situation. This explains why children with autism tend to follow routines in precise detail and show great distress over seemingly trivial changes in the environment.\n\nTo date, there is no known cure for ASD, and the disorder remains a highly disabling condition. Recently, a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, transcranial direct current Stimulation (tDCS) has shown great promise as a potentially effective and costeffective tool for reducing core symptoms such as anxiety, aggression, impulsivity, and inattention in patients with autism. This technique has been shown to modify behavior by inducing changes in cortical excitability and enhancing connectivity between the targeted brain areas. However, not all ASD patients respond to this intervention the same way and predicting the behavioral impact of tDCS in patients with ASD remains a clinical challenge. This proposed study thus aims to address these challenges by determining whether resting-state EEG and clinical data at baseline can be used to differentiate responders from non-responders to tDCS treatment. Findings from the study will provide new guidance for designing intervention programs for individuals with ASD.",[26,27,28,29],"Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","Autistic Disorders Spectrum","Electroencephalography","Machine Learning","RECRUITING","2026-06-21",{"date":33,"type":34},"2026-06-24","ACTUAL",{"date":36,"type":34},"2022-01-05",{"date":38,"type":20},"2026-12-31",{"name":40,"class":41},"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University","OTHER",1,{"id":44,"slug":45,"hasResults":11,"nctId":46,"briefTitle":47,"officialTitle":48,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":49,"healthyVolunteers":50,"sex":15,"minAge":51,"maxAge":52,"enrollmentInfo":53,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":55,"briefSummary":57,"conditions":58,"keywords":65,"overallStatus":69,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":70,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":71,"startDateStruct":73,"completionDateStruct":75,"leadSponsor":77,"locationsCount":79},"100638808","phase-4-long-term-follow-up-of-dexmedetomidine-esketamine-and-tdcs-for-neurocognitive-complications-after-surgery-100638808","NCT07576543","Long-term Follow-up of Dexmedetomidine-esketamine and tDCS for Neurocognitive Complications After Surgery","Long-term Follow-up of Perioperative Dexmedetomidine-esketamine Combination and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Prevention of Neurocognitive Complications in Older Patients After Non-cardiac Surgery","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Aged 65 to 90 years;\n* Preoperative Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score \\\u003C 27 points, indicating possible cognitive impairment ranging from mild to moderate;\n* Scheduled to undergo elective non-cardiac, non-neurosurgical surgery under general anesthesia, with an expected surgical duration \\> 1 hour;\n* Required patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) after surgery.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Preoperative inability to communicate due to coma, severe dementia, endstage disease, or language impairment;\n* History of schizophrenia, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, brain trauma\u002Fsurgery, or myasthenia gravis;\n* Presence of metal implants in the intracranial or cervical region (such as cochlear implants, aneurysm clips, deep brain stimulation electrodes), or skin damage or severe skin disease on the head;\n* Severe cardiac dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction \\\u003C 30%), comorbid with sick sinus syndrome, severe bradycardia (heart rate \\\u003C 50 bpm), or second-degree or higher atrioventricular block, or implantation of a cardiac pacemaker;\n* Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism or pheochromocytoma;\n* Severe liver dysfunction (Child-Pugh class C), severe renal dysfunction (requiring dialysis), or ASA classification ≥ IV;\n* Allergy to dexmedetomidine or esketamine;\n* Participation in other clinical studies within the past 3 months;\n* Other conditions that are deemed unsuitable for study participation.",true,"65 Years","90 Years",{"count":54,"type":20},1160,[56],"PHASE4","Neurocognitive complications, mainly delirium and neurocognitive disorders, are common cerebral complications in older patients after surgery and associated with worse long-term outcomes. An ongoing 2×2 factorial trial conducted by the investigators plan to test the effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine-esketamine combination and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on postoperative neurocognitive complications in older patients. This long-term follow-up of the ongoing trial aims to investigate the effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine-esketamine combination and tDCS on long-term outcomes in older patients after noncardiac surgery.",[59,60,61,62,26,63,64],"Older Patients","Surgery","Dexmedetomidine","Esketamine","Cognitive Function","Survival",[66,60,61,62,67,68,64],"Older patients","Transcranial direct current stimulation","Cognitive function","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-05-07",{"date":72,"type":34},"2026-05-12",{"date":74,"type":20},"2026-06",{"date":76,"type":20},"2031-06",{"name":78,"class":41},"Peking University First Hospital",6,{"id":81,"slug":82,"hasResults":11,"nctId":83,"briefTitle":84,"officialTitle":85,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":86,"healthyVolunteers":50,"sex":15,"minAge":51,"maxAge":52,"enrollmentInfo":87,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":88,"briefSummary":89,"conditions":90,"keywords":92,"overallStatus":69,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":70,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":94,"startDateStruct":95,"completionDateStruct":96,"leadSponsor":98,"locationsCount":79},"100637701","phase-4-dexmedetomidine-esketamine-and-tdcs-for-prevention-of-neurocognitive-complications-after-surgery-100637701","NCT07576517","Dexmedetomidine-esketamine and tDCS for Prevention of Neurocognitive Complications After Surgery","Perioperative Use of Dexmedetomidine-esketamine Combination and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Prevention of Neurocognitive Complications in Older Patients After Non-cardiac Surgery: a 2×2 Factorial Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Aged 65 to 90 years;\n* Preoperative Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score \\\u003C 27 points, indicating possible cognitive impairment ranging from mild to moderate;\n* Scheduled to undergo elective non-cardiac, non-neurosurgical surgery under general anesthesia, with an expected surgical duration \\> 1 hour;\n* Required patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) after surgery.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Preoperative inability to communicate due to coma, severe dementia, end-stage disease, or language impairment;\n* History of schizophrenia, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, brain trauma\u002Fsurgery, or myasthenia gravis;\n* Presence of metal implants in the intracranial or cervical region (such as cochlear implants, aneurysm clips, deep brain stimulation electrodes), or skin damage or severe skin disease on the head;\n* Severe cardiac dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction \\\u003C 30%), comorbid with sick sinus syndrome, severe bradycardia (heart rate \\\u003C 50 bpm), or second-degree or higher atrioventricular block, or implantation of a cardiac pacemaker;\n* Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism or pheochromocytoma;\n* Severe liver dysfunction (Child-Pugh class C), severe renal dysfunction (requiring dialysis), or ASA classification ≥ IV;\n* Allergy to dexmedetomidine or esketamine;\n* Participation in other clinical studies within the past 3 months;\n* Other conditions that are deemed unsuitable for study participation.",{"count":54,"type":20},[56],"Neurocognitive complications, mainly delirium and neurocognitive disorders, are common cerebral complications in older patients after surgery and associated with worse outcomes. In previous studies, perioperative use of dexmedetomidine-esketamine combination improved analgesia and sleep quality after surgery. Perioperative use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) also improved sleep quality and reduced delirium occurrence early after surgery. This 2×2 factorial trial is designed to investigate the effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine-esketamine combination and tDCS on early postoperative neurocognitive recovery and delirium occurrence in older patients.",[59,60,61,62,26,91],"Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders",[66,60,61,62,67,93],"Perioperative neurocognitive disorders",{"date":72,"type":34},{"date":74,"type":20},{"date":97,"type":20},"2030-06",{"name":78,"class":41},{"id":100,"slug":101,"hasResults":11,"nctId":102,"briefTitle":103,"officialTitle":104,"acronym":105,"eligibilityCriteria":106,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":107,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":108,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":110,"briefSummary":111,"conditions":112,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":69,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":115,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":116,"startDateStruct":118,"completionDateStruct":120,"leadSponsor":122,"locationsCount":42},"100619973","knee-arthroplasty-recovery-with-transcranial-direct-current-stimulation-100619973","NCT07351578","Knee Arthroplasty Recovery With Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","Knee Arthroplasty Recovery With Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial","KART","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. 18 years of age or older.\n2. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Classification Status I-III.\n3. Scheduled to undergo unilateral elective primary total knee arthroplasty for advanced osteoarthritis of the knee.\n4. Access to a device running iOS Version 10.0 or above, or Android Version 5.0 or above that can connect to the internet.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. History of brain surgery, central nervous system tumors, seizures (including epilepsy), stroke or intracranial implants (e.g plates, screws, deep brain stimulators)\n2. Have vascular, traumatic, infectious, or metabolic lesions or diseases of the brain\n3. Active diagnosis of a sleep disorder, defined as a documented diagnosis of any of the following conditions within the past 12 months, based on patient history or medical record review:\n\n   * Insomnia disorder (e.g., difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, early morning awakening)\n   * Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)\n   * Central sleep apnea\n   * Narcolepsy\n   * Restless legs syndrome\n   * REM sleep behavior disorder\n   * Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders\n   * Parasomnias (e.g., sleepwalking, night terrors)\n4. Active diagnosis of alcohol use disorder, defined as meeting DSM-5 criteria or documented in the patient's medical record within the past 12 months.\n5. Patients taking opioid medications with a daily Oral Morphine Equivalent (OME) of ≥ 80 mg\n6. Current use of medications or substances known to alter cortical excitability or possess psychoactive properties (e.g., antiepileptics, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, antipsychotics, hallucinogens, dissociatives), as determined by review of the patient's medication list, chart review, and patient history. This includes prescribed medications and illicit substances used within the past 30 days.\n7. Have metallic implants or objects in or on the head, including mouth (e.g. electrodes, stents, clips, pins, braces, shrapnel, jewellery (unremovable)\n8. Use passive or active implanted medical devices (e.g., pacemakers, defibrillators, cochlear implants, natural implants or active body-worn medical devices (e.g., neural stimulation or medication infusion devices)\n9. Have defects in the neurocranium (e.g., post-skull trepanation)\n10. Have large vessel occlusions (e.g., complete blockage of the internal carotid artery or other conditions affecting brain perfusion\n11. Have skin diseases of the scalp\n12. Are using other brain stimulation devices concurrently\n13. Are pregnant\n14. Are unable to provide informed consent\n15. Are unable to wear or tolerate the study device\n16. Unable to speak or read English, or understand device operation instructions","18 Years",{"count":109,"type":20},70,[23],"Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is widely performed to reduce pain from advanced osteoarthritis, yet many patients experience severe postoperative pain and up to 25-44% develop chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, has shown promise in reducing pain and opioid use in early studies but has not been evaluated using comprehensive perioperative, home-based protocols. This study will test whether a home-based tDCS intervention delivered before and after TKA can improve acute pain management and reduce the development of CPSP.",[113,26,114],"Knee Arthroplasty","Pain, Postoperative","2026-01-09",{"date":117,"type":34},"2026-01-20",{"date":119,"type":20},"2026-05",{"date":121,"type":20},"2027-12",{"name":123,"class":41},"Women's College Hospital",{"id":125,"slug":126,"hasResults":11,"nctId":127,"briefTitle":128,"officialTitle":129,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":130,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":107,"maxAge":131,"enrollmentInfo":132,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":134,"briefSummary":135,"conditions":136,"keywords":138,"overallStatus":69,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":142,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":143,"startDateStruct":145,"completionDateStruct":147,"leadSponsor":149,"locationsCount":4},"100609428","tcds-for-the-treatment-of-chronic-migraine-100609428","NCT07214454","TCDS for the Treatment of Chronic Migraine","An Open Label, Single-site Feasibility Study of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tCDS), Using the Nettle Device, for the Treatment of Chronic Migraine.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Subjects aged 18-70 years\n2. Fulfil the International Classification of Headache Disorders -3 (ICHD-3) criteria for chronic migraine, diagnosed by a headache specialist, at least 1 year prior to entering the trial\n3. Subject is willing to keep headache medications stable for two weeks prior to entering the study and for the duration of the study.\n4. Access to a smart phone to use the mobile application to control the device and use the Headache Pro app to record headaches. A paper diary may be used instead of the Headache Pro app Id required by individual patients.\n5. Subject is able to provide written informed consent prior to participation in the study\n6. Females of childbearing potential agree to use an effective method of contraception from the time consent is signed until treatment discontinuation. Effective methods of contraception acceptable for this trial are the oral contraceptive pill, patch, implant, injection, ring, intra-uterine system, copper coil, barrier methods, partner vasectomy or abstinence. Participants are considered not of child bearing potential if they are surgically sterile (i.e. they have undergone a hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, or bilateral oophorectomy) or they are postmenopausal\n7. If there is any possibility of pregnancy, females of childbearing potential should have a negative pregnancy test within 7 days of commencing the treatment phase.\n8. Subject must be willing and able to provide written informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Epilepsy or history of seizures\n2. Current or planned pregnancy during the study timeframe\n3. Active suicidal thoughts\n4. Pre-existing neurological or neuropsychiatric condition\n5. Lesion, tumour or other defect in skull or brain\n6. Implant inside skill, cochlear implant or implanted hearing aid.\n7. Implanted medical device e.g. pacemaker or neurostimulator\n8. Use of other stimulation devices such as spinal cord stimulators, vagal nerve stimulation, auricular nerve stimulator or deep brain stimulation.\n9. Concurrent medication overuse\n10. Use of cranial botulinum toxin injections or CGRP inhibitors in the past 6 months\n11. Current or recent (within three months) participation in another clinical trial.\n12. Planned surgical or significant medical intervention during the study period which may affect the study results, at the discretion of the chief investigator.\n13. Lacking mental capacity to give informed written consent.","70 Years",{"count":133,"type":20},20,[23],"Migraine affects 1 in 7 people worldwide, but for those suffering from chronic migraine there is a need for safe, effective and well tolerated treatments. The Nettle device is a non-invasive device, which is worn like a headband and delivers electrical stimulation (known as transcranial direct current stimulation or TCDS) to areas of the brain known to be involved in the processing of pain. In this study, 20 patients will be trained on how to use the device and then use it daily at home for 20 minutes for three months. Patients will complete a headache diary and quality of life questionnaires before using the device, during and after. As this is a feasibility study, adherence to completing the diaries and questionnaires will be assessed. Compliance with the treatment paradigm will also be assessed.",[137,26],"Chronic Migraine Headache",[139,140,141],"chronic migraine treatment","transcranial direct current stimulation","non-invasive neuromodulation","2025-11-26",{"date":144,"type":34},"2025-12-04",{"date":146,"type":20},"2026-02-01",{"date":148,"type":20},"2026-06-01",{"name":150,"class":41},"University College, London",{"id":152,"slug":153,"hasResults":11,"nctId":154,"briefTitle":155,"officialTitle":156,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":157,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":158,"enrollmentInfo":159,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":160,"briefSummary":161,"conditions":162,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":164,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":165,"startDateStruct":167,"completionDateStruct":169,"leadSponsor":171,"locationsCount":42},"100537041","cumulative-and-booster-effects-of-multisession-prefrontal-tdcs-in-asd-adolescents-100537041","NCT06272669","Cumulative and Booster Effects of Multisession Prefrontal tDCS in ASD Adolescents","Cumulative and Booster Effects of Multisession Prefrontal tDCS on Cognitive and Social Impairments in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals who are confirmed by a clinical psychologist based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th Ed (DSM-V) criteria of Autism spectrum disorder and structured interview with their parents or primary caregivers on their developmental history using the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals without a confirmed diagnosis from the clinical psychologist, with a history of other neurological and psychiatric disorders and head trauma, or on psychiatric medication will be excluded from the study.","21 Years",{"count":19,"type":20},[23],"Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by disturbances in communication, poor social skills, and aberrant behavior. To date, ASD has no known cure, and the disorder remains a highly disabling condition. Recently, transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, has shown great promise as a potentially effective and cost-effective tool for reducing the core symptoms in patients with autism, such as anxiety, aggression, impulsivity, and inattention. Although the preliminary findings in patients with ASD are encouraging, it remains to be determined whether this experimental data can translate into benefits in real life. Further studies are needed to determine the factors that can lengthen the therapeutic effects or cognitive benefits of tDCS, and to determine possible risk factors associated with relapse in patients with ASD. Booster sessions of tDCS is an important component of treatment planning and prognosis and may promote better outcomes to control for resurgence of symptoms. This study has three aims. First, the investigators aim to evaluate the therapeutic effects of tDCS on improving cognitive function in patients with ASD. Second, the investigators aim to better understand the neural mechanisms underlying the neuro-enhancing effects of tDCS in patients with ASD. Third, the investigators aim to assess the effectiveness of booster treatment cycles of tDCS for enhancing cognitive and social functions in individuals with ASD.",[26,163,28],"Autistic Spectrum Disorder","2025-11-19",{"date":166,"type":34},"2025-11-21",{"date":168,"type":34},"2022-06-02",{"date":170,"type":20},"2026-12",{"name":40,"class":41},{"id":173,"slug":174,"hasResults":11,"nctId":175,"briefTitle":176,"officialTitle":177,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":178,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":158,"enrollmentInfo":179,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":181,"briefSummary":182,"conditions":183,"keywords":185,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":164,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":193,"startDateStruct":194,"completionDateStruct":195,"leadSponsor":196,"locationsCount":42},"100477059","cumulative-and-booster-effects-of-multisession-prefrontal-transcranial-direct-current-stimulation-in-adolescents-with-asd-100477059","NCT05492032","Cumulative and Booster Effects of Multisession Prefrontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Adolescents With ASD","Cumulative and Booster Effects of Multisession Prefrontal Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Cognitive and Social Impairments in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals who are confirmed by a clinical psychologist based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th Ed (DSM-V) criteria of Autism spectrum disorder and structured interview with their parents or primary caregivers on their developmental history using the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R).\n* Individuals with ASD who are comorbid with ADHD symptoms will be included if they were willing to abstain from the use of these medications at least 96 hours before the commencement, until the completion, of the treatment.\n* In view of the fact that neuroadaptation to antipsychotics typically occurs within six months, potential participants who are prescribed antipsychotic medications will only be included if the dosage of the medication remained unchanged for six months or more before the experimental period.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals without a confirmed diagnosis from the clinical psychologist, with a history of other neurological and psychiatric disorders and head trauma, or on psychiatric medication will be excluded from the study.\n* In view of the possibility of seizure induction by tDCS, potential ASD participants comorbid with epilepsy will be excluded.\n* Potential participants comorbid with mood or anxiety disorders will also be excluded.",{"count":180,"type":20},150,[23],"Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive and lifelong developmental disorder that currently affects 1 in 54 children. Individuals with autism are often severely impaired in communication, social skills, and cognitive functions. Particularly detrimental characteristics typical of ASD include the inability to relate to people and the display of repetitive stereotyped behaviors and uncontrollable temper outbursts over trivial changes in the environment, which often cause emotional stress for the children, their families, schools and neighborhood communities. To date, there is no cure for ASD, and the disorder remains a highly disabling condition. Recently, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a noninvasive neuromodulation technique, has shown great promise as an effective and cost-effective tool for reducing core symptoms, such as anxiety, aggression, impulsivity, and poor social communication, in patients with autism. Although the empirical findings in patients with ASD are encouraging, it remains to be determined whether these experimental data can be translated into real-world benefits. An important next step is to better understand the factors affecting the long-term efficacy of tDCS treatment - in particular, the possible risk factors associated with relapse in patients with ASD and the role of booster session tDCS as an add-on treatment to induce long-lasting neuroplastic effects in ASD.",[26,163,28,184],"Booster Effects",[186,187,188,189,190,191,192,68],"Autism","ASD","tDCS","Treatment outcome","EEG","E\u002FI ratio","Booster effects",{"date":142,"type":34},{"date":168,"type":34},{"date":38,"type":20},{"name":40,"class":41},{"id":198,"slug":199,"hasResults":11,"nctId":200,"briefTitle":201,"officialTitle":202,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":203,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":107,"maxAge":51,"enrollmentInfo":204,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":206,"briefSummary":207,"conditions":208,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":212,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":213,"startDateStruct":215,"completionDateStruct":217,"leadSponsor":219,"locationsCount":42},"100545023","effects-of-tdcs-for-enhancing-cognitive-function-in-individuals-with-persistent-post-concussion-syndrome-100545023","NCT06376500","Effects of tDCS for Enhancing Cognitive Function in Individuals With Persistent Post-Concussion Syndrome","Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Enhancing Cognitive Function in Individuals With Persistent Post-Concussion Syndrome: A Pilot fMRI\u002F1H-MRS Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* being 18 years old or older;\n* having a history of a mild TBI (less than 30 minutes loss of consciousness) 1-6 years prior to the study;\n* able to communicate in Chinese.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* being without a confirmed diagnosis from the medical practitioner;\n* having a history of other neurological and psychiatric disorders, skull defect, recent medical instability (within 3 weeks);\n* being pregnant;\n* being medication for a psychiatric condition (e.g., major depression, anxiety, schizophrenia);\n* with any implanted devices or suffering from real claustrophobia or feel uncomfortable in small, enclosed spaces, like MRI tunnel",{"count":205,"type":20},40,[23],"Globally, 10 million new traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases are estimated annually, with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) accounting for 75-90% of all TBI cases. It is estimated that 40-80% of individuals with mTBI may experience the post-concussion syndrome (PCS), which is characterized by a range of physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms. Although the underlying basis of cognitive dysfunction of patients with persistent PCS remains to be clarified, converging evidence shows that the clinical symptoms is underpinned by abnormal neural information processing as a result of axonal injury due to mTBI. Recent studies have demonstrated abnormalities in both structural and functional cortical connectivity, and a loss of cortical excitability-inhibitory (E\u002FI) balance after TBI. Yet, there is no consensus for treating chronic symptoms of concussion, and PCS remains a chronic and highly disabling condition. One potential treatment option is transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that has been shown to modify behavior by enhancing connectivity between targeted brain areas. However, research on the therapeutic effect of tDCS on PCS symptoms is limited, and the neurologic mechanisms underlying its effects are not well understood. The proposed study aims to address these knowledge gaps by examining the effects of tDCS on the central nervous system function in patients with PCS, with a specific focus on functional cortical connectivity and cognitive functions such as processing speed and executive function. The study also aims to add value to existing evidence by potentially opening new directions for designing intervention programs for the treatment of PCS after mTBI.",[26,209,210,211],"Post-Concussion Syndrome","Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging","Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","2025-09-18",{"date":214,"type":34},"2025-09-19",{"date":216,"type":34},"2025-09-01",{"date":218,"type":20},"2028-02",{"name":40,"class":41},{"id":221,"slug":222,"hasResults":11,"nctId":223,"briefTitle":224,"officialTitle":224,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":225,"healthyVolunteers":50,"sex":15,"minAge":107,"maxAge":226,"enrollmentInfo":227,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":229,"briefSummary":230,"conditions":231,"keywords":232,"overallStatus":69,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":235,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":236,"startDateStruct":238,"completionDateStruct":240,"leadSponsor":242,"locationsCount":4},"100599789","effects-of-transcranial-direct-current-stimulation-after-short-term-immobilization-on-motor-learning-and-hand-function-in-healthy-young-adults-100599789","NCT07089056","Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation After Short-term Immobilization on Motor Learning and Hand Function in Healthy Young Adults","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* (1) age between 18 and 25 years;\n* (2) normal or corrected-to-normal vision;\n* (3) right-handedness.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* (1) with history of pregnancy, cardiovascular disease, other physical impairments or illnesses;\n* (2) with personal or family history of mental illness;\n* (3) implanting any internal or external medical devices;","25 Years",{"count":228,"type":20},60,[23],"The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of short-term braking on the motor learning and fine motor skills of healthy adults, and to analyze whether transcranial direct current stimulation can alleviate the effects of braking on motor learning and fine motor skills.",[26],[67,233,234],"immobilization","motor learning","2025-07-29",{"date":237,"type":34},"2025-07-30",{"date":239,"type":20},"2025-07-21",{"date":241,"type":20},"2025-10-01",{"name":243,"class":41},"Beijing Sport University",{"id":245,"slug":246,"hasResults":11,"nctId":247,"briefTitle":248,"officialTitle":249,"acronym":250,"eligibilityCriteria":251,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":107,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":252,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":254,"briefSummary":255,"conditions":256,"keywords":259,"overallStatus":69,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":263,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":264,"startDateStruct":266,"completionDateStruct":268,"leadSponsor":270,"locationsCount":42},"100592512","neuropathic-pain-intervention-with-tdcs-in-brazilian-military-personnel-neubrain-trial-100592512","NCT06994390","Neuropathic Pain Intervention With tDCS in Brazilian Military Personnel (NeuBRAIN Trial)","Neuropathic Pain Intervention With tDCS in Brazilian Military Personnel Randomized Controlled Trial","NeuBRAIN","Inclusion criteria:\n\n* Military personnel (active and veterans) with chronic pain due to central or peripheral neuropathy and poor sleep quality;\n* Age over 18 years old;\n* Defined chronic NeP according to current guidelines (ICD-10 codes OR DN-4);\n* Pain with an average intensity score above 40\u002F100 mm on a visual analogue scale (VAS);\n* Medication stability (chronic pain, depression, anxiety, sleep) for at least six weeks;\n* Patients with bad sleep quality identified by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) of 5 or more who do not improve under conventional treatment.\n\nExclusion criteria:\n\n* General contraindications for tDCS: past head trauma, current epilepsy, intracranial ferromagnetic components, pacemaker, implanted microprocessors (i.e., cochlear implants);\n* Pregnancy;\n* Known major psychiatric disorders (as assessed by the DSM-5, e.g., psychosis), history of substance abuse, or work litigation issues;\n* History of chronic refractory migraines;\n* Non-treated moderate to severe sleep apnea defined as apnea\u002Fhypopnea index greater than 15 events per hour in baseline polysomnography;\n* Skin conditions such as psoriasis or eczema that involve the scalp (Thair et al, 2017);\n* Cancer-related pain;\n* BMI \\>35, due to increased reports of pain associated with increased BMI (Basem, et al., 2021; Stokes et al., 2020);\n* Patients who do not sign informed consent or do not want to participate in the study.",{"count":253,"type":20},120,[23],"This project protocol investigates the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in treating neuropathic pain and improving sleep quality among Brazilian military personnel. Given the high prevalence of chronic pain and sleep disturbances in this population, and the limitations of current pharmacological treatments, our randomized, triple-blinded, sham-controlled trial explores the potential of tDCS as a non-invasive therapeutic intervention. The results of this study could have a significant impact on improving the well-being and performance of military personnel, while also reducing healthcare costs associated with long-term medication use.",[257,258,26],"Neuropathic Pain","Sleep Quality",[260,261,262],"transcranial current stimulation","neuropathic pain","sleep","2025-05-25",{"date":265,"type":34},"2025-05-29",{"date":267,"type":20},"2026-03-01",{"date":269,"type":20},"2030-03-01",{"name":271,"class":272},"Hospital da Polícia Militar de Goiás","NETWORK",{"id":274,"slug":275,"hasResults":11,"nctId":276,"briefTitle":277,"officialTitle":277,"acronym":278,"eligibilityCriteria":279,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":280,"maxAge":281,"enrollmentInfo":282,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":283,"briefSummary":285,"conditions":286,"keywords":288,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":289,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":290,"startDateStruct":291,"completionDateStruct":293,"leadSponsor":295,"locationsCount":42},"100416593","phase-3-clinical-efficacy-and-long-term-effects-of-transcranial-direct-current-stimulation-tdcs-in-children-with-attention-deficithyperactivity-disorder-adhd-100416593","NCT04704687","Clinical Efficacy and Long Term Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Children With Attention Deficit\u002FHyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)","STIMADHD","* Children, male or females presenting a sufficient compliance for participate aged 7-14 years at the time of Visit 1 (Enrolment\u002Fbaseline).\n* Children's parent or legally authorised representative must sign informed consent. The children must sign assent if applicable (depending of age and understanding). The principal investigator of the center where the child is included signs the document, certifying that the family and the child, or their authorised representative, have received informed consents.\n* Children meet DSM-5 criteria for ADHD (combined presentation) based on a clinical evaluation using questionnaire ADHD-Rating-Scale (ADHD-RS) and the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia French version (Kiddie-SADS).\n* Subjects have a minimum ADHD-RS total score of 32 at Visit 1.\n* Children have a minimum CGI of 4 at Visit 1.\n* Children have an age-appropriate intellectual level evaluated with WISC-5 (Full IQ \\>80).\n* Children in which stimulant medication have been tested previously and stopped for adverse effects could be included in the study after a wash out of at least seven days.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Children have a neurological pathology or handicap: Epilepsy, cerebral palsy, sequelae of brain injury (traumatic or ischemic or inflammatory...)\n* Children have a comorbid psychiatric disorder: conduct disorders, autism, severe obsessive-compulsive disorder, mood disorder, bipolar illness, conduct disorder, psychosis, and substance abuse.\n* Children under medication (stimulant or other psychotropic treatment, benzodiazepine, antidepressant, hypnotics and melatonin) or who did not respond previously to stimulant will not be included.\n* Severe sleep disorder.\n* Contraindication to tDCS.","7 Years","14 Years",{"count":180,"type":20},[284],"PHASE3","Attention-Deficit\u002FHyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood. Patients with ADHD present inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity causing severe impairments on academic achievement, social and professional life and daily functioning. Medications are effective in a majority of children with ADHD, but about 30% do not respond or tolerate stimulants, and some parents refuse pharmacological treatments.Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation is a safe and non-invasive technique of brain stimulation used in several neurological and psychiatric disorders, and recently in ADHD. In patients with ADHD, tDCS stimulations targeted frontal regions improve executive and attentional functioning and daily life symptoms. The objective of this project is to evaluate the efficacy of tDCS (vs sham) during cognitive-remediation exercises on ADHD symptoms (inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity as defined by DSM-5) in children with ADHD between 7 and 14 years of age.",[287,26],"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder",[287,26],"2025-05-23",{"date":265,"type":34},{"date":292,"type":34},"2021-01-08",{"date":294,"type":20},"2026-01",{"name":296,"class":41},"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Amiens",{"id":298,"slug":299,"hasResults":11,"nctId":300,"briefTitle":301,"officialTitle":302,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":303,"healthyVolunteers":50,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":226,"enrollmentInfo":304,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":305,"briefSummary":306,"conditions":307,"keywords":310,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":313,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":314,"startDateStruct":316,"completionDateStruct":318,"leadSponsor":320,"locationsCount":42},"100538695","tdcs-interventions-for-subthreshold-depressive-symptoms-in-young-individuals-100538695","NCT06294184","TDCS Interventions for Subthreshold Depressive Symptoms in Young Individuals.","Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Interventions for Subthreshold Depressive Symptoms in Young Individuals.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* 1\\) Be between the ages of 12-25;\n* 2\\) is right-handed on the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory;\n* 3\\) 2-4 of the 9 depressive symptoms defined by the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Diseases, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), lasting more than 1 week; or more than 5 depressive symptoms lasting more than 1 week but less than 2 weeks (i.e., not meeting criteria for a major depressive episode) (by DSM-5 Clinical Semi-Definitive Interview (K-SADS-PL) (Gilbody et al., 2017, JAMA);\n* 4\\) Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-24) 24 points≥ 8 points, \\< 24 points;\n* 5\\) Gender is not limited;\n* 6\\) Subjects and their families voluntarily participate and sign the informed consent form.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* 1\\) Individuals with the following diagnoses according to DSM-5: psychiatric disorders due to organic diseases, substance-related and addictive disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder (assessed by K-SADS-PL);\n* 2\\) Have two or more DSM-V-defined manic symptoms for 4 days but do not meet the criteria for hypomania or meet the DSM-V defined criteria for hypomanic symptoms for only 2-3 days;\n* 3\\) Severe or unstable physical illness;\n* 4\\) have a moderate or higher risk of suicide (as assessed by the Columbia Suicide Severity Scale);\n* 5\\) Received transcranial direct current stimulation in the past three months (continuous intervention time: \\>2 weeks);\n* 6\\) Contraindications to transcranial direct current stimulation, such as brain implants, personal or family history of epilepsy;\n* 7\\) Magnetic resonance scanning is contraindicated, such as in vivo metal implants.",{"count":180,"type":20},[23],"The purpose of this study is to assess the mechanisms of the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in alleviating subthreshold depressive symptoms in young individuals, and individualized outcome prediction is carried out.",[308,309,26],"Subthreshold Depression","Young People",[311,312],"Resting-state brain functional network","Social emotion","2024-12-07",{"date":315,"type":34},"2024-12-12",{"date":317,"type":34},"2023-11-01",{"date":319,"type":20},"2025-12",{"name":321,"class":322},"Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital","OTHER_GOV",{"id":324,"slug":325,"hasResults":11,"nctId":326,"briefTitle":327,"officialTitle":328,"acronym":329,"eligibilityCriteria":330,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":331,"minAge":226,"maxAge":332,"enrollmentInfo":333,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":334,"briefSummary":335,"conditions":336,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":338,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":339,"startDateStruct":341,"completionDateStruct":343,"leadSponsor":345,"locationsCount":42},"100555870","brain-research-and-integrative-neuroscience-network-for-covid-19-100555870","NCT06517706","Brain Research and Integrative Neuroscience Network for COVID-19","Brain Research and Integrative Neuroscience Network for COVID-19 (BRAINN)","BRAINN","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Reported cognitive difficulties due to COVID-19 infection\n* WHO Long COVID criteria will be used\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Significant history of neuropsychiatric conditions prior to contracting COVID-19; history of neurological conditions such as TBI, CVA, MS prior to contracting COVID-19.","FEMALE","60 Years",{"count":109,"type":20},[23],"The aim of the experimental study is to investigate two interventions for the management of cognitive symptoms resulting from long COVID. Participants will be randomly assigned into two interventions. 1. Categorization Program (CP) training with active tDCS or 2. Categorization Program training with sham tDCS.",[337,26],"Cognitive Training","2024-12-03",{"date":340,"type":34},"2024-12-06",{"date":342,"type":34},"2024-11-15",{"date":344,"type":20},"2025-12-31",{"name":346,"class":41},"University of Cyprus",{"id":348,"slug":349,"hasResults":11,"nctId":350,"briefTitle":351,"officialTitle":351,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":352,"healthyVolunteers":50,"sex":15,"minAge":353,"maxAge":52,"enrollmentInfo":354,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":355,"briefSummary":356,"conditions":357,"keywords":358,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":364,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":365,"startDateStruct":367,"completionDateStruct":369,"leadSponsor":371,"locationsCount":42},"100554928","exploring-the-possible-beneficial-impact-of-non-invasive-and-invasive-neuromodulation-on-freezing-of-gait-in-parkinsons-disease-during-different-ambulatory-complexities-an-electrophysiological-and-fmri-study-100554928","NCT06505460","Exploring the Possible Beneficial Impact of Non-invasive and Invasive Neuromodulation on Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease During Different Ambulatory Complexities: An Electrophysiological and fMRI Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Patients meet the diagnosis of PD based on the established consensus criteria\n2. Age above 20 years old and below 90 years\n3. For MRgFUS patients: a. At least one of the 3 cardinal symptoms (akinesia, tremor, rigidity) reaches an intensity of at least 2\u002F4. b. Parkinsonian symptoms cannot be satisfactorily controlled by optimal pharmacological treatment including L-dopa and other antiparkinsonian drugs. c. stable medication for PD ≥ 30 days.\n4. DBS patients must meet Taiwan Health Insurance criteria: PD duration exceeding 5 years, positive response to levodopa (≥33% UPDRS motor score improvement), and presence of motor complications (e.g., wearing off, on-off, levodopa-related dyskinesia, or medically intractable tremor).\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Congestive heart failure (Functional III or above) or advanced cancer with distant metastasis.\n2. PD at Hoehn and Yahr Stage 5.\n3. DBS exclusion criteria: overt dementia or major depression.","20 Years",{"count":133,"type":20},[23],"Freezing of gait (FOG) stands out as a devastating symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), where patients may become momentarily glued to the ground, rendering them incapable of walking efficiently. The pathogenesis of FOG remains uncertain but is likely attributed to functional perturbations in superficial cortical and deep locomotion regions. FOG tends to manifest more prominently during complex walking, such as turning, than during simple straight forward walking, and the reasons for this phenomenon remain unclear. Unfortunately, effective methods for overcoming this ambulatory issue has yet to be identified, and quantifying paroxysmal gait spells proves challenging with clinical rating alone; thus, a scientific tool is warranted. In this 3-year proposal, the investigators plan to address these challenges comprehensively.",[26],[359,360,361,188,362,363],"Parkinson's disease","freezing of gait","MRI","focused ultrasound","DBS","2024-08-19",{"date":366,"type":34},"2024-08-21",{"date":368,"type":34},"2024-04-30",{"date":370,"type":20},"2027-07-31",{"name":372,"class":41},"China Medical University Hospital",{"id":374,"slug":375,"hasResults":11,"nctId":376,"briefTitle":377,"officialTitle":378,"acronym":188,"eligibilityCriteria":379,"healthyVolunteers":50,"sex":15,"minAge":380,"maxAge":381,"enrollmentInfo":382,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":383,"briefSummary":384,"conditions":385,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":392,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":393,"startDateStruct":394,"completionDateStruct":396,"leadSponsor":398,"locationsCount":42},"100558816","investigating-the-effects-of-transcranial-direct-current-stimulation-to-different-brain-regions-on-ankle-tracking-motor-learning-motor-adaptation-and-brain-connectivity-in-healthy-middle-aged-and-older-adults-and-patients-with-subcortical-stroke-100558816","NCT06556043","Investigating the Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to Different Brain Regions on Ankle Tracking Motor Learning, Motor Adaptation, and Brain Connectivity in Healthy Middle-aged and Older Adults and Patients With Subcortical Stroke","Investigating the Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) to Different Brain Regions on Ankle Tracking Motor Learning, Motor Adaptation, and Brain Connectivity in Healthy Middle-aged and Older Adults and Patients With Subcortical Stroke","Inclusion Criteria: Part 1: healthy middle-aged and older adults\n\n1. age between 40 and 80 years old\n2. intact cognitive function (MMSE ≧ 27)\n3. normal ankle dorsiflexor and plantarflexor strength (manual muscle strength testing= 5) and passive range of motion (ankle dorsiflexion ≧10 degrees; ankle plantarflexion ≧ 45 degrees)\n4. corrected far vision ≥ 0.8 (Landolt C test) and uncorrected near vision ≥ 0.04 (Comprehensive Color Blindness Checklist)\n\nExclusion Criteria: Part 1: healthy middle-aged and older adults\n\n1. having any contraindications for MRI or tDCS;\n2. serious or uncontrolled systematic diseases;\n3. symptoms or history of neurological diseases, including transient ischemic attack, stroke, epilepsy, history of abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG), meningitis, encephalitis, brain tumors, brain surgery, and sensory disorders, etc.;\n4. severe musculoskeletal problems that would affect lower limb functions;\n5. visual spatial perception disorders and hearing loss;\n6. color blindness;\n7. depression and psychiatric disorders;\n8. use of any medication that could affect the central nervous system function;\n9. drug, substance, or alcohol addiction;\n10. those participating in research involving invasive or non-invasive brain stimulation;\n11. those deemed unsuitable for MRI or tDCS after evaluation by the attending physician;\n12. those affiliated with any research-conducting institution.\n\nInclusion Criteria: Part 2: patients with chronic subcortical stroke\n\n1. aged between 40 and 80 years old;\n2. intact cognitive function (MMSE ≥ 27);\n3. first-ever onset of subcortical stroke occurring at least 3 months prior to enrollment, with brain lesions involving unilateral subcortical regions only;\n4. hemiplegic or hemiparetic;\n5. no spatial neglect;\n6. able to actively perform at least 5 degrees of ankle dorsiflexion and 10 degrees of ankle plantarflexion with the affected ankle;\n7. no excessive spasticity;\n8. no severe contracture (passive range of motion ≥ 10 degrees for ankle dorsiflexion and ≥ 20 degrees for ankle plantarflexion) in the affected leg;\n9. mild-to moderate disability;\n10. can walk independently or under supervision without assistance;\n11. corrected far vision ≥ 0.8 (Landolt C test) and uncorrected near vision ≥ 0.04 (Comprehensive Color Blindness Checklist.)\n\nExclusion Criteria: Part 2: patients with chronic subcortical stroke The exclusion criteria will be the same as those listed for healthy participants described in Part 1 except for items (3) and (4). Item (3) will be changed to \"(3a) symptoms or history of other neurological diseases, including epilepsy, history of abnormal EEG, meningitis, encephalitis, brain tumors, brain surgery, and sensory disorders, etc.\" and item (4) will be changed to \"(4a) severe musculoskeletal problems of the non-hemiparetic limbs that would affect mobility functions\".","40 Years","80 Years",{"count":253,"type":20},[23],"Ankle control is essential to safe over-ground navigation for humans. Middle- aged and older adults and patients with stroke whose ankle control is poor often lose their balance or fall. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is an emerging non-invasive brain stimulation technology that has great potential to be applied to neurorehabilitation; however, the optimization of its applications still needs further studies. The aims of this project are to compare the effects of anodal tDCS (AtDCS) applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) contralateral to the moving leg (cM1), posterior parietal cortex (PPC) contralateral to the moving leg (cPPC), and cerebellar cortex (CBM) ipsilateral to the moving leg (iCBM) on motor learning, motor adaptation, and brain connectivity in healthy middle-aged and older adults and hemiparetic patients with chronic subcortical stroke.",[26,386,387,388,389,390,391],"Ankle","Motor Learning","Adaptation","Brain Structure","Brain Connectivity","Stroke","2024-08-15",{"date":364,"type":34},{"date":395,"type":34},"2024-07-09",{"date":397,"type":20},"2026-07-31",{"name":399,"class":41},"National Taiwan University Hospital",{"id":401,"slug":402,"hasResults":11,"nctId":403,"briefTitle":404,"officialTitle":405,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":406,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":107,"maxAge":407,"enrollmentInfo":408,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":409,"briefSummary":410,"conditions":411,"keywords":414,"overallStatus":30,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":416,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":417,"startDateStruct":419,"completionDateStruct":421,"leadSponsor":423,"locationsCount":42},"100534679","high-definition-transcranial-direct-current-stimulation-hd-tdcs-for-refractory-epilepsy-100534679","NCT06241963","High Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS) for Refractory Epilepsy","The Efficacy, Safety and Mechanism of High Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS) in the Treatment of Refractory Epilepsy","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Clinical diagnosis of refractory epilepsy\n* Right-handed and aged 18-50 years old and primary school education or above;\n* No major neurological or mental illness, no head injury, alcohol dependence or drug dependence;\n* During the experiment, the subjects did not smoke, drink, get sick and take psychotropic drugs, and there were no major life events that caused mood changes.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* organic brain injury, neurological diseases or serious physical diseases;\n* Have a history of substance abuse and drug dependence, or have used antipsychotic drugs in the past three months, and have serious suicidal tendencies;\n* There are contraindications for MRI or EEG or transcranial magnetic stimulation.","50 Years",{"count":19,"type":20},[23],"To observe the clinical effect and safety of transcranial electrical stimulation on patients with refractory epilepsy before and after treatment and analyze its therapeutic mechanism.",[26,190,210,412,413],"Refractory Epilepsy","Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation",[412,210,190,415],"Transcranial magnetic stimulation","2024-02-15",{"date":418,"type":34},"2024-02-20",{"date":420,"type":20},"2024-02-12",{"date":422,"type":20},"2026-06-30",{"name":424,"class":41},"Anhui Medical University"]