[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"tuberculosis-tb\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:tuberculosis-tb":24},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,22,0,[8,44,74,104,132,158,185,207,233,263,289,312,335,366,397,422,446,473,503,530,555,581],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":13,"acronym":14,"eligibilityCriteria":15,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":17,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":21,"conditions":22,"keywords":26,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":32,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":33,"startDateStruct":36,"completionDateStruct":38,"leadSponsor":40,"locationsCount":43},"100640904","artificial-intelligence-driven-tuberculosis-landscape-analysis--stratification-research-100640904",false,"NCT07611695","Artificial Intelligence-driven Tuberculosis Landscape Analysis & Stratification Research","TB-ATLAS","Inclusion Criteria for Model Development Cohort:\n\n* Patient with clinically diagnosed or bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) who received TB treatment;\n* Initiation of TB treatment on or after January 1, 2021;\n* Complete key diagnosis and treatment data available in the electronic medical record system.\n\nInclusion Criteria for External Validation Cohort:\n\n* Patient with clinically diagnosed or bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) who is planning to start TB treatment;\n* Voluntary participation with signed informed consent form (for adults ≥18 years); parental \u002F guardian consent and co-signed informed consent form are required for minors aged ≤ 18 years.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Co-morbidity confounding: the presence of other active, life-threatening disease (e.g. late-stage malignancy, non-HIV severe immunodeficiency) for which the expected survival or priority of treatment may substantially interfere with the attribution of TB treatment outcomes;\n* Extremely poor treatment adherence: documented evidence indicating that the patient either never initiated treatment or was permanently lost to follow-up within the early treatment period (\\\u003C2 weeks), precluding the collection of any valid outcome data.","ALL",{"count":18,"type":19},31600,"ESTIMATED","OBSERVATIONAL","The goal of this observational study is to establish and validate a comprehensive AI-driven clinical decision support system (AI-CDSS) in whole-chain management for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients. The main question it aims to answer is:\n\nHow is the predictive performance of this system in terms of multiple key links during TB diagnosis and treatment? Can real-world benefits be derived from this system? This AI framework supports clinicians in making smarter decisions, ultimately improving cure rates and ensuring that every patient receives the most effective, personalized care possible.",[23,24,25],"Pulmonary Tuberculosis","Tuberculosis (TB)","Tuberculosis Active",[27,28,29,30],"tuberculosis","artificial intelligence","predictive model","clinical decision support system","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2026-05-20",{"date":34,"type":35},"2026-05-28","ACTUAL",{"date":37,"type":19},"2026-06-01",{"date":39,"type":19},"2028-06-30",{"name":41,"class":42},"Huashan Hospital","OTHER",2,{"id":45,"slug":46,"hasResults":11,"nctId":47,"briefTitle":48,"officialTitle":49,"acronym":50,"eligibilityCriteria":51,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":4,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":52,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":55,"briefSummary":57,"conditions":58,"keywords":60,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":64,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":65,"startDateStruct":67,"completionDateStruct":69,"leadSponsor":71,"locationsCount":73},"100590786","tuberculosis-in-rural-and-malnourished-populations-100590786","NCT06971952","Tuberculosis in Rural and Malnourished Populations","Closing the Tuberculosis Diagnosis Gap in Rural and Malnourished Populations","TB-RAMP","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Index person\u002Fpeople diagnosed with drug sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis disease (PWTB) and starting TB treatment within 2 months of enrollment, of any age.\n* Index PWTB are eligible if they reside within the catchment area of Haydom Lutheran Hospital (HLH), and\n* Index PWTB intend to receive TB care at a participating study site.\n* Index PWTB (or their parent or guardian if index PWTB are \\\u003C18 years) and head of household (if different from index PWTB) are able and willing to provide informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Inability to provide informed consent, or assent when applicable.\n* Residing or receiving TB care outside of the catchment area of study sites\n* Prior completion of TB screening procedures for all household members.",{"count":53,"type":19},360,"INTERVENTIONAL",[56],"NA","Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a large public health threat in Tanzania with an estimated incidence of 195 per 100,000 people in 2022 and 36% of cases going undiagnosed. Nutritional and financial barriers combine to compound the burden of TB in Tanzania and many other high burden countries.\n\nObjectives: In this study, we aim to evaluate the effect and cost-effectiveness of conditional cash transfer added to the current facility-based approach to improve TB screening among household contacts (HHCs) of index people diagnosed with TB disease (PWTB) in rural Tanzania; and characterize the prevalence of undernutrition among HHCs of index PWTB and quantify the effect of undernutrition severity on the progression to active TB disease.\n\nMethods: In this prospective, interventional cohort study we plan to enroll 360 PWTB and their households within 2 months of TB treatment initiation. The duration of the study is 3 years in total: 2-year enrollment period, divided equally between the current standard of care phase and the added conditional cash transfer phase. All participating households will be visited 2 months after enrollment to complete TB screening for all HHCs and perform anthropometric measurements, and then followed a 2-year period to evaluate for incident TB disease among HHCs.\n\nData analysis: The proportion of households completing TB screening procedures for all HHCs during phase 1 will be compared to that during phase 2 using a chi-square test to evaluate the effect of conditional cash transfer on completion of HHC TB screening. A similar approach will be used to compare proportions of HHCs diagnosed with active TB disease based on nutritional status. We will use regression and Bayesian modeling to quantify the effect of demographic, nutritional and socioeconomic predictors on completion of HHC TB screening and the incidence of TB disease among HHCs to prioritize higher risk subgroup for TB prevention effort.\n\nImpact: Successful completion of this proposal will informTB programs in many high burden countries with implementable interventions that can be scaled in rural communities to prioritize TB prevention efforts to the HHCs at the highest risk of developing TB disease",[24,59],"Undernutrition",[61,62,59],"Tuberculosis","Active case finding","RECRUITING","2026-05-01",{"date":66,"type":35},"2026-05-05",{"date":68,"type":35},"2025-09-01",{"date":70,"type":19},"2030-09-01",{"name":72,"class":42},"University of Virginia",1,{"id":75,"slug":76,"hasResults":11,"nctId":77,"briefTitle":78,"officialTitle":79,"acronym":80,"eligibilityCriteria":81,"healthyVolunteers":82,"sex":16,"minAge":83,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":84,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":86,"briefSummary":87,"conditions":88,"keywords":90,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":96,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":97,"startDateStruct":98,"completionDateStruct":100,"leadSponsor":102,"locationsCount":73},"100602119","integrating-hiv-prevention-with-tb-household-contact-evaluation-in-uganda-100602119","NCT07119359","Integrating HIV Prevention With TB Household Contact Evaluation in Uganda","Integrating HIV Prevention With TB Household Contact Evaluation in Uganda (TB PrEP)","TB PrEP","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Person with pulmonary TB OR live in a household with someone with pulmonary TB being treated at one of the participating health facilities\n* Household includes ≥2 persons\n* Age 15 years and older\n* Willingness to participate in study procedures\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Lives in a congregate setting (e.g., dormitory or jail)\n* Lives outside the study area\n* Any other condition that, in the opinion of the Investigator\u002Fdesignee, could preclude informed consent, make study participation unsafe, or otherwise interfere with achieving study objectives",true,"15 Years",{"count":85,"type":19},2480,[56],"This household randomized implementation study assesses the implementation and effectiveness of home-based HIV self- testing and PrEP initiation versus standard clinic referral for PrEP initiation during modified standard-of-care (modified SOC) household TB contact investigation in Uganda. It uses qualitative methods to evaluate the process of implementing the intervention and a health economic evaluation to assess the financial sustainability of this strategy.",[24,89],"Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Prophylaxis",[91,92,93,61,94,95],"Uganda","TB contact tracing","HIV","PrEP","Household","2026-04-29",{"date":66,"type":35},{"date":99,"type":35},"2025-12-10",{"date":101,"type":19},"2029-08-31",{"name":103,"class":42},"University of Washington",{"id":105,"slug":106,"hasResults":11,"nctId":107,"briefTitle":108,"officialTitle":109,"acronym":110,"eligibilityCriteria":111,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":112,"minAge":113,"maxAge":114,"enrollmentInfo":115,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":117,"briefSummary":118,"conditions":119,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":123,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":124,"startDateStruct":126,"completionDateStruct":128,"leadSponsor":130,"locationsCount":73},"100632958","prevention-and-mass-screening-of-tb-in-prisons-in-paraguay-100632958","NCT07520448","Prevention and Mass Screening of TB in Prisons in Paraguay","Prevention and Mass Screening of TB in Prisons in Paraguay (PRESMAP-TB)","PRESMAP-TB","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Be a person deprived of liberty (PDL) residing in one of the participating penitentiary centers during the study period.\n2. Be 18 years of age or older at the time of enrollment.\n3. Be present in the penitentiary facility at the time of a screening round or enter the facility during the study period.\n4. Provide informed consent to participate in the study.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Are currently undergoing treatment for active tuberculosis at the time of the screening round.\n2. Have a medical condition that, in the opinion of the clinical staff, prevents the safe performance of the planned diagnostic procedures.","MALE","18 Years","65 Years",{"count":116,"type":19},4500,[56],"The goal of this interventional study is to evaluate three tuberculosis (TB) screening and prevention strategies in prisons in Paraguay. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n* Which strategy is more effective for reducing the incidence rate of active TB?\n* Which strategy is more effective for reducing the TB infection rate?\n* Are these strategies safe, feasible, and cost-effective in prison settings?\n\nResearchers will compare three cluster-based, non-randomized programmatic strategies implemented in three prisons. These strategies differ in the frequency of screening, the diagnostic methods used, and the approach to tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT).\n\nParticipants will:\n\n* undergo informed consent and clinical evaluation\n* receive TB screening through symptom assessment, chest digital X-ray with CAD, and rapid molecular testing, depending on site strategy\n* undergo IGRA testing and preventive therapy assessment, depending on the assigned strategy\n* be followed for 18 months, with screening rounds every 6 months or annually depending on the prison",[24,120,121,122],"TB Infection","Prisoners","Epidemiology","2026-04-08",{"date":125,"type":35},"2026-04-14",{"date":127,"type":19},"2026-08-01",{"date":129,"type":19},"2028-12-31",{"name":131,"class":42},"Universidad Nacional de Caaguazu",{"id":133,"slug":134,"hasResults":11,"nctId":135,"briefTitle":136,"officialTitle":137,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":138,"healthyVolunteers":82,"sex":16,"minAge":139,"maxAge":140,"enrollmentInfo":141,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":143,"briefSummary":145,"conditions":146,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":147,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":148,"startDateStruct":150,"completionDateStruct":152,"leadSponsor":154,"locationsCount":157},"100537052","phase-2-a-study-to-evaluate-the-efficacy-safety-and-immunogenicity-of-mtbvac-in-adolescents-and-adults-living-in-a-tb-endemic-region-100537052","NCT06272812","A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety and Immunogenicity of MTBVAC in Adolescents and Adults Living in a TB Endemic Region.","A Phase 2b, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety and Immunogenicity of a Candidate Tuberculosis (TB) Vaccine, MTBVAC, Against TB Disease in Adolescents and Adults Aged 14-45 Years, Living in a TB Endemic Region.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Is male or female aged 14 through 45 years on Study Day 1.\n2. Has completed the written (or thumb printed and witnessed) informed consent process (participants older than 18 years) or has completed the written parental consent and participant assent process (participants younger than 18 years) before any study-related procedures were performed.\n3. Participants who, in the opinion of the investigatory, can and will comply with the requirements of the protocol (e.g., to stay in contact with the Clinical Research Centre (CRC), return for follow-up visits)\n4. Has general good health as confirmed by medical history and physical examination.\n5. All participants born female who are engaging in sexual activity that could lead to pregnancy must commit to use an acceptable method of contraception from 21 days prior to Study Day 1 and for the 2 months after vaccination. Acceptable contraception includes:\n\n   1. Condoms (male or female) with or without spermicide\n   2. Diaphragm or cervical cap with spermicide\n   3. Intrauterine device\n   4. Hormonal contraception (combined estrogen and progestogen, or progestogen-only), including contraceptive implant or injectable\n   5. Successful vasectomy in the male partner, considered successful if a woman reports that a male partner has:\n\n      documentation of azoospermia by microscopy (1 year ago) or a vasectomy more than 2 years ago with no resultant pregnancy despite sexual activity post vasectomy\n   6. Not of reproductive potential, such as having undergone hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy or tubal ligation, postmenopausal (any age and amenorrhea for at least 6 months and a serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level \\> 40 IU\u002FL), surgically sterile.\n   7. Sexual abstinence. All participants born female who are not heterosexually active at screening must agree to utilize an acceptable method of contraception if they become heterosexually active as outlined above.\n6. All male participants should agree to use barrier contraception with their female partners for at least 2 weeks after vaccination.\n7. Has not shared the same enclosed living space with someone diagnosed with TB for one or more nights or for frequent or extended daytime periods during the 6 months prior to Study Day 1.\n8. HIV negative at screening.\n9. Negative clinical screening questionnaire and Xpert MTB\u002FRIF negative sputum sample for pulmonary TB disease at screening.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Acute illness and\u002For axillary temperature ≥37.5°C on Study Day 1.\n2. Current suspicion or evidence (including but not limited to sputum Xpert MTB\u002FRIF positive) of active TB disease at any CRC. An attempt must be made to obtain sputum from each participant; persons who are sputum unproductive will be assumed to be Xpert MTB\u002FRIF negative.\n3. History of previous TB disease and\u002For treatment for TB disease.\n4. History of TB preventative therapy, not including BCG vaccination.\n5. Received any investigational drug or investigational vaccine within 42 days before Study Day 1, or planned use during the study period.\n6. Planned administration\u002Fadministration of a licensed vaccine not foreseen by the study protocol in the period starting 28 days before Study Day 1 and ending 28 days after vaccine administration.\n7. Prior receipt of any investigational TB vaccine candidate before Study Day 1. Note: receipt of placebo in a previous TB vaccine trial will not exclude a participant from participation if documentation is available and the Medical Monitor gives approval.\n8. Chronic administration of immunosuppressive medication within 42 days before Study Day 1 (inhaled and topical corticosteroids are permitted).\n9. Any confirmed or suspected immunosuppressive, immunodeficient, or autoimmune condition based on medical history and physical examination (no laboratory testing required).\n10. Concurrent, or planned participation in any other investigational study during the study period. (Concurrent participation in an observational trial not requiring blood or tissue sample collection is not an exclusion.)\n11. Received immunoglobulin or blood products within 42 days before Study Day 1, or planned administration during the study period.\n12. History or any reaction or hypersensitivity likely to be exacerbated by any component of the vaccines.\n13. Pregnant or lactating\u002Fnursing female, or positive urine pregnancy test during screening or pre-vaccination on Study Day 1.\n14. Indeterminate IGRA test result at screening.\n15. Any current, or history of, medication use or medical, psychiatric, occupational, or substance abuse problems that, in the opinion of the investigator, might compromise the safety of the participant or make it unlikely that the participant will comply with the protocol.","14 Years","45 Years",{"count":142,"type":19},5500,[144],"PHASE2","A Phase 2b, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of a candidate tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, MTBVAC, against TB disease in adolescents and adults aged 14-45 years, living in a TB endemic region.",[24],"2026-03-26",{"date":149,"type":35},"2026-03-31",{"date":151,"type":35},"2025-02-19",{"date":153,"type":19},"2028-03-31",{"name":155,"class":156},"International AIDS Vaccine Initiative","NETWORK",16,{"id":159,"slug":160,"hasResults":11,"nctId":161,"briefTitle":162,"officialTitle":163,"acronym":164,"eligibilityCriteria":165,"healthyVolunteers":82,"sex":166,"minAge":83,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":167,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":169,"briefSummary":170,"conditions":171,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":176,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":177,"startDateStruct":179,"completionDateStruct":181,"leadSponsor":183,"locationsCount":73},"100625202","burden-of-tuberculosis-among-pregnant-and-postpartum-women-in-guinea-bissau-100625202","NCT07419568","Burden of Tuberculosis Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women in Guinea-Bissau","Assessing the Burden of Tuberculosis Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women: Implications for Integrating Tuberculosis Screening Into Routine Antenatal Care in Guinea-Bissau","TIPP","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pregnant women ≥ 15 years of age\n* Residing in the study\n* Attending ANC consultations at health centre in Bandim, Belem or Cuntum\n* Must provide informed consent\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Pregnant women ≤ 15 years of age\n* Inability to provide informed consent\n* Residing outside of the study area\n* Receives TB treatment at the time of, or a year prior to, enrolment","FEMALE",{"count":168,"type":19},720,[56],"This study aims to address critical diagnostic and data gaps in tuberculosis (TB) care among pregnant and postpartum women in Guinea-Bissau, a high-burden, resource-limited setting. Recognising that current TB screening during antenatal care (ANC) relies largely on unstructured symptom questions, the study will integrate more systematic and innovative approaches into routine maternal health services.\n\nThe project will implement the Bandim TBscore II as a structured triage tool to classify symptom severity and guide referrals. To strengthen diagnostic capacity, two novel tools will be evaluated: stool-based GeneXpert testing (a method recommended in children and explored here as a feasible alternative for pregnant women) and artificial intelligence-powered chest X-ray interpretation software designed to enhance TB detection where radiological expertise is lacking.\n\nThe study will also generate comprehensive, population-based data on TB and TB infection (TBI) among pregnant, postpartum women and women of reproductive age in Guinea-Bissau. The results are intended to inform health policy, both locally and in high-income countries, by providing evidence to improve TB screening protocols and care for this vulnerable group. Ultimately, the study seeks to develop scalable strategies that can be replicated across low- and middle-income countries to advance maternal and child health and support global TB eradication efforts.",[24,172,173,174,175],"Tuberculosis Infection, Latent","Pregnancy","Tuberculosis Diagnosis","Maternal Health","2026-02-14",{"date":178,"type":35},"2026-02-19",{"date":180,"type":19},"2026-02",{"date":182,"type":19},"2027-11",{"name":184,"class":42},"Aarhus University Hospital",{"id":186,"slug":187,"hasResults":11,"nctId":188,"briefTitle":189,"officialTitle":190,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":191,"healthyVolunteers":82,"sex":16,"minAge":83,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":192,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":194,"briefSummary":195,"conditions":196,"keywords":197,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":199,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":200,"startDateStruct":202,"completionDateStruct":203,"leadSponsor":205,"locationsCount":73},"100590145","effectiveness-of-computer-aided-detection-chest-x-ray-screening-for-improving-tuberculosis-diagnostic-yield-in-chinese-primary-health-care-settings-study-protocol-for-a-prospective-cluster-randomized-controlled-trial-100590145","NCT06963606","Effectiveness of Computer-Aided Detection Chest X-Ray Screening for Improving Tuberculosis Diagnostic Yield in Chinese Primary Health Care Settings: Study Protocol for a Prospective Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial","Artificial Intelligence-assisted Chest X-ray in TB Screening: Effectiveness of Enhancing the Care Cascades in Chinese Primary-care Settings (ACCESS-CARE)","Eligibility criteria Inclusion criteria\n\nParticipants must receive medical treatment at the primary healthcare hospitals in Yichang City, Hubei Province, and underwent chest X-ray examinations. The participants have to meet the following criteria:\n\n1. \\>15 years old.\n2. Appearance of tuberculosis-related respiratory symptoms or signs.\n3. Individuals not previous diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis.\n4. Capable of completing pathogen examinations and subsequent related inspections.\n\nExclusion criteria\n\nThose who meet any of the below criteria will be excluded:\n\n1. Diagnosed with extrapulmonary tuberculosis or latent tuberculosis infection during the current visit.\n2. The quality of Chest X-ray images did not meet the standard requirements.\n3. Unrecognized identity information participants.\n\nWithdrawal Criteria\n\n1. Participants who are lost to follow-up or who do not complete the follow-up period.\n2. Participants who experience a sudden and serious illness or choose not to continue participating in the study.",{"count":193,"type":19},22000,[56],"The global incidence rate and mortality of tuberculosis (TB) pose a challenge to achieving the goals set out in the tuberculosis eradication strategy and the SDGs by 2030. At present, timely and accessible early detection methods for tuberculosis are still a major obstacle. In this context, the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), especially the AI-assisted chest X-ray (CXR) in the field of diagnostic imaging, has proved the potential to significantly improve the speed and accuracy of tuberculosis diagnosis. However, the extent to which these technologies can affect the broader tuberculosis care cascade, especially by reducing the diagnostic time in the population level, has not yet been explored. The proposed project plans to use the certified AI-assisted CXR system (JF CXR-1) for tuberculosis screening, which aims not only to integrate AI into the diagnosis process, but also to critically assess its impact on the overall tuberculosis care cascade. The selected location for this project is Yichang City in western Hubei Province, China, which is facing a high TB burden. The city has established a strong city-wide health big data platform ten years ago, providing the basis for this project. The project will first optimize the AI-assisted CXR system through retrospective imaging to validate the accuracy of case screening (Stage Ⅰ). Secondly, the project will shift its focus to the real world, where cluster randomized controlled trials will be conducted in primary-care settings (Stage Ⅱ). In this stage, the effectiveness of the AI-assisted CXR system in reducing the diagnostic time of TB cases will be evaluated by comparing with those settings without using the tool. In stage Ⅲ, the qualitative and quantitative methods will be used to evaluate the generalization, practicality, and feasibility of extending the screening strategy in various community environments. If the AI-assisted screening strategy is proven accurate, effective, and sustainable, it may pave the way for its widespread adoption in primary healthcare institutions and other grassroots areas in China. This can not only improve the timeliness of tuberculosis diagnosis, but also help to allocate medical resources more effectively and significantly reduce tuberculosis-related incidence and mortality, bringing positive changes to global public health. In addition, the results of the project can also provide information for policy decisions and guide the formulation of strategies to prioritize the integration of AI into health care, which can not only fight against tuberculosis but also a series of other diseases.",[24],[27,198],"computer-assisted detection","2025-12-29",{"date":201,"type":35},"2025-12-31",{"date":68,"type":35},{"date":204,"type":19},"2027-12-31",{"name":206,"class":42},"Xuelin Yang",{"id":208,"slug":209,"hasResults":11,"nctId":210,"briefTitle":211,"officialTitle":211,"acronym":212,"eligibilityCriteria":213,"healthyVolunteers":82,"sex":16,"minAge":113,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":214,"targetDuration":216,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":217,"conditions":218,"keywords":220,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":225,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":226,"startDateStruct":227,"completionDateStruct":229,"leadSponsor":231,"locationsCount":73},"100616949","questioning-the-epidemiology-of-asymptomatic-tb-100616949","NCT07312266","Questioning the Epidemiology of Asymptomatic TB","TB QUEST","Index cases:\n\nInclusion Criteria:\n\n1. 18 years of age or older\n2. Documented HIV infection\n3. Presenting at a health facility for routine HIV care\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. History of TB treatment in the last 12 months\n2. Pregnant women\n3. Refusal to provide consent for study procedures\n4. Contra-indication to any sampling procedure required by the study\n\nStudy 3 will utilize additional inclusion criteria:\n\nInclusion criteria:\n\n1. On ART for less than 6 months\n2. No evidence of viral suppression\n3. Documented CD4 count \\>350 copies\u002Ful\n4. TB-suggestive x-ray\n5. Verified absence of fever and cough, as ascertained through the symptom trackers\n\nContacts:\n\nInclusion criteria: All close contacts (household and close community contacts) will be offered to participate in the study, regardless of age or HIV status.\n\nExclusion criteria:\n\n1. Plans to migrate in the next 12 months\n2. Pregnant women\n3. Currently taking anti-tuberculosis treatment or preventive TB treatment\n4. Contacts with co-prevalent TB identified at baseline",{"count":215,"type":19},6770,"12 Months","Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the world's leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Current TB control strategies focus largely on the binary paradigm of TB, which tackle Mtb infection and the symptomatic stages of the disease as the major drivers of the TB epidemic. However, prevalence surveys have shown that about 50% of cases in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis is isolated from sputum but do not report having symptoms. Therefore, asymptomatic TB may play an important role in TB transmission. However, no field study has demonstrated direct transmission from a subclinical TB case to a confirmed secondary case.\n\nTB-QUEST is an ERC-funded epidemiological field study that aims to provide direct evidence of effective transmission from asymptomatic TB cases to their close contacts using advanced genomic methods, and to better characterize the asymptomatic stage of TB within the natural history of disease.",[61,24,93,219],"HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)",[221,222,223,224],"Asymptomatic tuberculosis","Asymptomatic","Subclinical tuberculosis","Subclinical","2025-12-17",{"date":201,"type":35},{"date":228,"type":35},"2025-08-11",{"date":230,"type":19},"2029-05",{"name":232,"class":42},"Barcelona Institute for Global Health",{"id":234,"slug":235,"hasResults":11,"nctId":236,"briefTitle":237,"officialTitle":238,"acronym":239,"eligibilityCriteria":240,"healthyVolunteers":82,"sex":166,"minAge":241,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":242,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":244,"briefSummary":245,"conditions":246,"keywords":248,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":254,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":255,"startDateStruct":257,"completionDateStruct":259,"leadSponsor":261,"locationsCount":73},"100614350","tb-screening-improves-preventive-therapy-uptake-in-pregnant-women-with-hiv-100614350","NCT07278453","TB SCReening Improves Preventive Therapy Uptake in Pregnant Women With HIV","Optimal Tuberculosis Screening and Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy Delivery Strategies to Improve Maternal and Birth Outcomes Among Pregnant Women With HIV in Uganda: a Randomized Trial","TB SCRIPT-Moms","For the TB screening trial, eligible patients include pregnant women with a viable singleton pregnancy by ultrasound, confirmed HIV infection, no current or planned TB treatment, no treatment with a drug with anti-mycobacterial activity within the past 2 weeks, no history of TB treatment or TPT within the past 2 years, lives within 20 km of the enrollment site, plans to deliver at the enrollment site, no plans to transfer antenatal care to a non-participating clinic, and no signs or symptoms of early or active labor.\n\nFor the TPT delivery trial, eligible participants are participants in the TB screening trial who screened negative for TB by their randomization assignment, are eligible for TPT, are not taking any drug contraindicated for use with rifamycins, are not a contact with a TB case with known drug resistance to isoniazid or rifampin, are not heavy or binge alcohol consumers, do not have a history of liver disease, do not have liver enzymes ≥3-times the upper limit of normal.","16 Years",{"count":243,"type":19},1500,[56],"Because pregnant women have been excluded from clinical research, including tuberculosis (TB) research, little is known about diagnosing, treating and preventing TB in pregnant women. We plan to perform a two-stage randomized trial that will identify best practices for screening pregnant and postpartum women for active TB (screening by symptoms vs. C-reactive protein levels) and the optimal timing of TPT initiation, relative to pregnancy (immediately during pregnancy or deferred to postpartum). Because undiagnosed TB among pregnant women with HIV is associated with many devastating complications to both the mother and fetus, this research has the potential to improve maternal and birth outcomes worldwide.",[247,93,24],"Pregnant HIV Positive Women",[249,250,251,27,252,253],"pregnant women with HIV","pregnant women","hiv","screening","tuberculosis preventive therapy","2025-12-02",{"date":256,"type":35},"2025-12-12",{"date":258,"type":19},"2026-06",{"date":260,"type":19},"2031-06",{"name":262,"class":42},"University of California, San Francisco",{"id":264,"slug":265,"hasResults":11,"nctId":266,"briefTitle":267,"officialTitle":267,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":268,"healthyVolunteers":82,"sex":16,"minAge":269,"maxAge":270,"enrollmentInfo":271,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":273,"briefSummary":274,"conditions":275,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":280,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":281,"startDateStruct":283,"completionDateStruct":285,"leadSponsor":287,"locationsCount":73},"100611003","effectiveness-of-chat-based-mobile-application-for-consultation-zalo-in-improving-compliance-with-follow-up-tests-after-abnormal-chest-x-ray-findings-interpret-by-artificial-intelligent-100611003","NCT07234929","Effectiveness of Chat-based Mobile Application for Consultation (Zalo) in Improving Compliance With Follow-up Tests After Abnormal Chest X-ray Findings Interpret by Artificial Intelligent","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individuals aged 40 to 62 years old and are still working\n* In risk population, which means they exposure at least 2 risk factors of lung cancer, following:\n\n  * smoking\n  * expose second-hand smoke\n  * expose air pollution, bio-mass fuels\n  * expose arsenic\n  * expose radon\n  * expose asbestos\n  * having chronic pulmonary illness\n  * having HIV\n  * have family member's history of lung cancer (relatives within 3 generations)\n* Have mobile phone registered Zalo account\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Individual smoked or had history of smoking more than 30 packs per year because they will be advised to do low dose CT scan. That is based on the guideline from Vietnam Misnitry of Health101\n* Pregnant woman. It is for safety reason because we will recommend the (+) cases or (-) cases with symptoms do LDCT or CT scan for lung cancer, that can affect the pregnancy. Therefore, if they are pregnant, we will invite them to meet obstetricians.\n* History of lung cancer or TB\n* Who have problem in mental health is diagnosed by doctor.","40 Years","62 Years",{"count":272,"type":19},2692,[56],"The study titled \"Effectiveness of Chat-based Mobile Application for Consultation (Zalo) in Improving Compliance with Follow-up Tests after Abnormal Chest X-ray Findings Interpreted by Artificial Intelligence\" aims to evaluate whether digital communication can enhance patient adherence to follow-up evaluations after lung disease screening in Vietnam.\n\nLung cancer and tuberculosis (TB) remain leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Vietnam. Despite advances in screening technologies, including low-dose CT and AI-assisted chest X-rays, many patients fail to follow up after receiving abnormal results, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. Communication barriers, low health literacy, and limited consultation time are key factors behind this gap. Digital health tools such as chat-based mobile applications offer potential to strengthen post-screening engagement and improve health outcomes.\n\nThis randomized controlled trial will be conducted at Nhan Dan Gia Dinh Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City between October 2025 and October 2026. Participants aged 40-62 years, who undergo routine chest X-ray screening interpreted by AI software (qXR by QURE.AI), will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. All participants must have an active Zalo account.\n\nIn the intervention group, participants will receive their AI-interpreted results and educational guidelines for lung cancer or TB through the research team's Zalo account. The guideline covers disease overview, diagnostic methods, follow-up recommendations, and lifestyle guidance. Participants may ask questions directly to doctors specializing in nutrition, respiratory medicine, and pulmonary pathology, with guaranteed responses within 4 hours during working hours and 10 hours after hours. Messages are also sent via email as backup. The hospital's IT department oversees the Zalo platform to ensure data security.\n\nIn the control group, participants will receive only the doctor's conclusion and brief advice via Zalo and email. They will be invited to connect with the hospital's official Zalo account for general inquiries but will not receive further digital consultation.\n\nFollow-up calls will assess compliance. For positive or suspected cases, research staff will call one month after result notification to confirm whether participants completed follow-up tests. For negative cases, calls will occur at six months to check for new symptoms or additional imaging. Structured questionnaires will document reasons for compliance or noncompliance. The study does not provide additional diagnostic services; all follow-up costs are covered by participants or their health insurance.\n\nThe primary outcome is the rate of compliance with recommended follow-up tests. The secondary outcome measures participants' responsiveness to follow-up phone calls. Statistical analyses will compare compliance rates between groups using chi-square or Fisher's exact tests and risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals.\n\nSample size calculations estimate that 2,692 participants are required to detect a 10% improvement in follow-up compliance (from 85% to 95%) with 80% power and 5% significance. Randomization will use REDCap software with block sizes of 2-8. Interviewers conducting follow-up calls will be blinded to group allocation.\n\nEthical approval will be obtained from the Nhan Dan Gia Dinh Hospital Ethics Committee, and the study will be registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. Data confidentiality will be strictly maintained, with all digital records password-protected and accessible only to authorized research members.\n\nThis project is the first randomized controlled trial in Vietnam to evaluate the effectiveness of chat-based mobile consultation in improving post-screening compliance for lung diseases. It leverages Vietnam's high mobile phone penetration and the popularity of Zalo to create a scalable model for patient engagement. Expected benefits include improved communication, increased awareness of lung cancer and TB, reduced loss to follow-up, and faster diagnostic confirmation.\n\nThe findings will provide scientific evidence for integrating digital communication into screening programs and contribute to national efforts to improve early detection and management of lung diseases.",[276,24,277,278,279],"Lung Cancer","Chat-based Mobile Application","Compliance Behavior","Artificial Intelligence in Radiology","2025-11-14",{"date":282,"type":35},"2025-11-19",{"date":284,"type":19},"2025-11-15",{"date":286,"type":19},"2027-12-30",{"name":288,"class":42},"Gia Dinh People Hospital",{"id":290,"slug":291,"hasResults":11,"nctId":292,"briefTitle":293,"officialTitle":293,"acronym":294,"eligibilityCriteria":295,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":113,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":296,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":298,"conditions":299,"keywords":300,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":304,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":305,"startDateStruct":307,"completionDateStruct":308,"leadSponsor":310,"locationsCount":73},"100606692","respiratory-health-and-wellbeing-post-pulmonary-tuberculosis-100606692","NCT07178860","Respiratory Health and Wellbeing Post Pulmonary Tuberculosis","RESPOST","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* 1\\) Adults (over 18 years old) 2) Able to provide written informed consent 3) Previous diagnosis of microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB 4) Completed TB treatment less than or equal to 18 months ago\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* 1\\) Previously diagnosed clinically significant chronic lung disease that is not well-controlled (for example COPD on significant treatment, or poorly controlled asthma) 2) Unable to perform spirometry due to contraindications to spirometry 3) Under the age of 18 years at the time of recruitment (not the time of initial diagnosis) 4) Incomplete history of TB treatment",{"count":297,"type":19},50,"We know that in low-income countries where there is a lot of tuberculosis (TB) about 20%-50% of people treated for TB have long term problems with their lungs and general wellbeing. This means they can't always get back to doing activities they were doing before they had TB and may need further treatment, for example antibiotics, inhalers or special rehabilitation classes. Some people are unnecessarily treated again for TB because they still have a cough. There have been two international guides published recently, describing standards for providing follow up care for people treated for TB. However, in the UK despite there being 4000 new cases of TB diagnosed every year, we do not follow these guidelines and we do not know if people treated for TB here have similar residual problems with their lungs and general wellbeing. It is difficult to advocate for people treated for TB to have follow up care if we do not know the size of the problem. Anecdotally, experts who do the clinics report that there are a large percentage of people who go on to have long term health problems after they are \"cured\" from TB but there is no pathway to follow them up. There are no UK guidelines or funding to support TB follow-up or ongoing treatment. It is possible, extrapolating from the data from other countries, that 2000 people a year in UK have undiagnosed or untreated lung health problems because of their previous TB.\n\nWe would like to see if people who are treated in the Liverpool TB service (a regional referral service) have long term problems with their lungs. We will do this by inviting people who were treated for TB to come for a review at approximately 1 year after finishing their treatment.\n\nWe will ask them to blow into a lung function testing machine (the same that is used for diagnosing asthma) and ask them questions about their health and wellbeing. If they have cough, we will ask them for a sputum sample, and we will collect a blood sample if people are willing to donate a small amount of blood to be used in future research. These will be stored in a special freezer for future related studies into biomarkers and mechanisms of disease.\n\nWe will also invite some people to partake in recorded interviews where they can give their opinion about how they feel having been treated for TB and what (if any) follow up they feel they would benefit from.\n\nWe hope that by recording the problems (if any) the people treated for TB have, we will then be able to use this data to design a larger UK-wide study investigating the prevalence of lung disease after treatment for TB. If we find that there is significant disease, in future we can then test treatment options and care pathways, as well as advocate for people to have improved follow up rather than just living with chronic lung health issues that might impair how well they can live their lives.",[24],[301,302,61,303],"Post-TB","TB","Post-tuberculosis","2025-09-10",{"date":306,"type":35},"2025-09-17",{"date":68,"type":35},{"date":309,"type":19},"2026-09-30",{"name":311,"class":42},"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine",{"id":313,"slug":314,"hasResults":11,"nctId":315,"briefTitle":316,"officialTitle":317,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":318,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":113,"maxAge":114,"enrollmentInfo":319,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":321,"conditions":322,"keywords":323,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":327,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":328,"startDateStruct":329,"completionDateStruct":331,"leadSponsor":333,"locationsCount":43},"100577311","esat6cfp10-skin-testing-for-tb-infection-in-rheumatologic-patients-100577311","NCT06796647","ESAT6\u002FCFP10 Skin Testing for TB Infection in Rheumatologic Patients","The Use of a Novel ESAT6\u002FCFP10 Skin Test in Diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Rheumatologic Patients","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. adult of age ≥ 18 and up to 65 years;\n2. diagnosis of at least one classified rheumatologic disease; and\n3. being planned to receive b\u002FtsDMARDs therapy,\n4. can communicate in Chinese and\u002For English.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* diagnosis of active TB diseases,\n* currently receiving TB or LTBI treatment;\n* concurrent mental illnesses;\n* prisoners.",{"count":320,"type":19},100,"The aim of the study is to pilot the application of a novel ESAT6\u002FCFP10 (C-TST) skin test in rheumatologic disease patients prior to initiation of treatment with biologic and\u002For targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b\u002FtsDMARD). This is a prospective observational study involving the recruitment of patients with rheumatologic diseases who are planned for initiation of b\u002FtsDMARD. Eligible patients would undergo skin testing by the Mantoux technique with purified protein derivative (PPD) RT23 on one forearm and C-TST on the other, alongside routine blood sampling for Interferon-Gamma Release Assay. The skin test results would be read within 48-72 hours afterwards. Treatment of TB infection would be provided in accordance with current clinical guidelines, followed by regular clinical monitoring for 2 years. Analyses involve performance evaluation of C-TST, and decision-analytical modelling incorporating multiple Markov process to evaluate the impact of management by LTBI testing methods on clinical outcomes and health care costs.",[24],[27,324,325,326],"skin testing","ESAT6\u002FCFP10","rheumatology patients","2025-09-03",{"date":304,"type":35},{"date":330,"type":35},"2025-03-19",{"date":332,"type":19},"2028-08",{"name":334,"class":42},"Chinese University of Hong Kong",{"id":336,"slug":337,"hasResults":11,"nctId":338,"briefTitle":339,"officialTitle":340,"acronym":341,"eligibilityCriteria":342,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":241,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":343,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":345,"briefSummary":347,"conditions":348,"keywords":349,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":68,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":357,"startDateStruct":359,"completionDateStruct":361,"leadSponsor":363,"locationsCount":365},"100605486","phase-3-optimal-treatment-duration-for-radiographically-apparent-bacteriologically-unconfirmed-tb-identified-through-active-case-finding-radio-tb-trial-100605486","NCT07163143","Optimal Treatment Duration for Radiographically Apparent, Bacteriologically Unconfirmed TB, Identified Through Active Case Finding (RADIO-TB Trial)","Optimal Treatment Duration for Radiographically Apparent, Bacteriologically Unconfirmed TB, Identified Through Active Case Finding","RADIO-TB","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Aged ≥16 years old on day of randomisation\n2. ≥25kg in weight on day of randomisation\n3. Participation in community or facility-based active case finding for TB by CXR\n4. Digital CXR with Computer Aided Detection software score above threshold for sputum investigation for Mtb according to local guidance ≤21 days prior to randomisation\n5. Attempted sputum collection for testing by WHO approved rapid molecular test for Mtb at active case finding and at screening\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Sputum sample from active case finding or screening confirmed as positive for Mtb by WHO approved rapid molecular test for Mtb\n2. Previous history of pulmonary TB\n3. TB preventive therapy taken within the last 6 months\n4. \\>1 dose of treatment with anti-tuberculous activity taken in the 21 days prior to randomisation\n5. HIV infected, unless CD4 ≥200 cells\u002Fmm3 and on anti-retroviral therapy for at least 8 weeks\n6. Pregnancy (confirmed by high sensitivity urine test)\n7. Contraindication to study drug\n8. Investigator concern for potential extra-pulmonary TB with the exceptions of (a) intrathoracic lymphadenopathy; and\u002For (b) small pleural effusion of limited extent, neither felt to require invasive diagnostic sampling\n9. CXR changes considered more likely to relate to a condition other than untreated TB by investigator\n10. Investigator assessment of an immediate requirement for full 24-weeks standard TB treatment\n11. Investigator assessment of unacceptable risks to potential participant from study entry\n12. No fixed home address\n13. Unable to participate in the full duration of study follow-up",{"count":344,"type":19},784,[346],"PHASE3","People living in high TB burden communities who undergo active case finding for TB may have chest X-ray changes suggestive of TB but their sputum test can be negative for the TB bacteria or they are unable to provide a sputum sample. This means they have bacteriologically unconfirmed TB. These individuals often have minimal or no symptoms and face uncertainty in clinical management-either receiving full 24-weeks TB treatment or often being discharged without treatment, risking loss to follow-up.\n\nThe RADIO-TB trial aims to address the following main questions in relation to people with bacteriologically unconfirmed TB.\n\n1. What is the risk of progression if treatment is not immediately started but there is close and careful follow-up over 78 weeks?\n2. If treatment is started immediately what is the shortest duration of TB treatment that is as effective as the standard 24-week TB treatment?\n3. Are there better tests to confirm TB than the current routinely used, sputum-based tests?\n4. What is the cost effectiveness of different treatment strategies and what might the impact on transmission be within communities?\n\nParticipants in the trial will be randomized into six groups: five receiving immediate standard TB treatment of varying durations (8 to 24 weeks), and one receiving deferred treatment with close monitoring. Deferred treatment will be initiated only if clinical deterioration occurs or TB is later confirmed. Participants will be closely followed for 78 weeks with at least 11 clinic visits.",[24],[350,351,352,353,62,222,224,354,355,356],"Treatment duration","Radiographically apparent TB","Bacteriologically unconfirmed TB","Response over continuous intervention (ROCI)","Chest X-ray","Screening","Computer Aided Detection (CAD)",{"date":358,"type":35},"2025-09-09",{"date":360,"type":19},"2025-11",{"date":362,"type":19},"2029-04",{"name":364,"class":42},"University College, London",4,{"id":367,"slug":368,"hasResults":11,"nctId":369,"briefTitle":370,"officialTitle":371,"acronym":372,"eligibilityCriteria":373,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":113,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":374,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":376,"briefSummary":377,"conditions":378,"keywords":379,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":389,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":390,"startDateStruct":392,"completionDateStruct":394,"leadSponsor":395,"locationsCount":73},"100598276","pharmacist-led-digital-interventions-to-improve-tuberculosis-treatment-adherence-100598276","NCT07069387","Pharmacist-led Digital Interventions to Improve Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence","Comprehensive Digital Adherence and Remote Engagement to Optimise Treatment Adherence for Tuberculosis Patients (CARE-TB Study) in Selangor, Malaysia: An Effectiveness-Implementation Science Study","CARE-TB","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB (smear- or culture-positive PTB)\n2. 18 years old or older\n3. Able to give consent and physically able to participate in the study\n4. Own a video-recording device with internet connectivity\n5. Within the first 3 weeks of intensive phase TB treatment\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Complicated TB disease including TB meningitis, TB bone\u002Fjoint, and disseminated TB with planned treatment duration of 9 to 12 months.\n2. Confirmed or suspected drug-resistant (DR)-TB\n3. Documented cognitive, motor, or visual disability that will hinder video device use and lack assistance of a caretaker\n4. Receiving injectable anti-TB drugs\n5. Incarceration or other involuntary detention",{"count":375,"type":19},160,[56],"The gold standard for tuberculosis (TB) treatment support requires directly observed therapy (DOT), which means a trained health worker observes the patient swallow each dose of medication every day for 2 months. Despite the practice of DOT in Malaysia, 1 in 20 patients are loss-to-follow-up and non-adherent to treatment. Sub-optimal adherence due to poor treatment acceptability and social desirability promotes TB treatment failure, disease relapse, on-going transmission, drug resistance, and death. Telemedicine offers a flexible and less invasive option to support TB treatment adherence. Despite 97% internet and smartphone penetration rates, the practical implementation of digital adherence strategies to support and monitor TB treatment remains untested in Malaysia. The investigators propose to design, implement, and measure the effectiveness of a comprehensive, pharmacist-led digital solution for TB treatment support called CARE-TB which combines a package of asynchronous video-observed therapy, digital reminders, telecounselling and e-learning. In this multi-method effectiveness-implementation (Type 2) study using the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation and Sustainment (EPIS) framework, the investigators aim 1) To identify patient and provider-level facilitators and barriers to CARE-TB adoption via qualitative evaluation and to design a stakeholder-informed implementation strategy, (2) To assess effectiveness of CARE-TB strategy by evaluating (i) implementation outcomes, (ii) patient health outcomes, and (iii) service outcomes, and (3) To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of CARE-TB compared to standard of care from a societal perspective. This study will leverage digital platforms to expand the reach of TB adherence support, enhance adherence to TB treatment and improve treatment completion rates, while utilising existing personnel and resources in among the busiest TB treatment centres in the country.",[24],[27,380,381,382,383,384,385,386,387,388],"active tuberculosis","monitoring","video observed therapy","education","pharmacist","digital","implementation science","cost","motivational","2025-07-07",{"date":391,"type":35},"2025-07-16",{"date":393,"type":35},"2025-04-07",{"date":258,"type":19},{"name":396,"class":42},"University of Malaya",{"id":398,"slug":399,"hasResults":11,"nctId":400,"briefTitle":401,"officialTitle":401,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":402,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":269,"maxAge":403,"enrollmentInfo":404,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":406,"briefSummary":408,"conditions":409,"keywords":411,"overallStatus":31,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":413,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":414,"startDateStruct":416,"completionDateStruct":418,"leadSponsor":420,"locationsCount":4},"100597407","phase-1-comparison-of-the-outcome-of-treatment-with-silymarin-or-n-aceylcysteine-in-patients-taking-anti-tuberculous-drugs-for-tuberculosis-at-a-tertiary-care-hospital--karachi-100597407","NCT07058090","Comparison of the Outcome of Treatment With Silymarin or N-Aceylcysteine in Patients Taking Anti-Tuberculous Drugs for Tuberculosis at a Tertiary Care Hospital , Karachi","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients presenting with tuberculosis and previously not on any anti-tuberculous drugs, between 40-80 years of age\n* either gender.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of malignancy.\n* Patients with history of seropositive, seronegative, connective tissue disorder or vasculitis, congestive cardiac failure.\n* Patients with history of alcohol use.\n* Discontinuation of drug due to other adverse effects except hepatotoxicity.\n* Inadequate date of laboratory testing at baseline or 2 to 4 weeks after treatment initiation.\n* Cases with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, viral hepatitis, or suspected mal absorption (e.g., gastrointestinal disease or diarrhea).\n* Chronic liver disease, COPD, asthma, myocardial infarction, chronic kidney disease and stroke.","80 Years",{"count":405,"type":19},410,[407],"PHASE1","OBJECTIVE : To compare the outcome of treatment with silymarin or N-acetyl cysteine in patients taking anti-tuberculous drugs for tuberculosis at Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi.\n\nSAMPLE SELECTION : Patients presenting with tuberculosis previously not on anti-tuberculous drugs, between 40-80 years of age, both genders will be included .Patients with history of alcohol use,Discontinuation of drug due to other adverse effects except hepatotoxicity ,Inadequate date of laboratory testing at baseline or 2 to 4 weeks after treatment initiation, Cases with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, viral hepatitis, or suspected mal absorption (e.g., gastrointestinal disease or diarrhea) ,Chronic liver disease, COPD, asthma, myocardial infarction, chronic kidney disease and stroke will be excluded",[410,24],"Drug Induced Liver Injury",[412],"prevention of Antituberculous drugs induced liver injury","2025-07-04",{"date":415,"type":35},"2025-07-10",{"date":417,"type":19},"2025-07",{"date":419,"type":19},"2026-05",{"name":421,"class":42},"Liaquat National Hospital & Medical College",{"id":423,"slug":424,"hasResults":11,"nctId":425,"briefTitle":426,"officialTitle":426,"acronym":427,"eligibilityCriteria":428,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":113,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":429,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":431,"conditions":432,"keywords":433,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":438,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":439,"startDateStruct":441,"completionDateStruct":443,"leadSponsor":445,"locationsCount":73},"100594852","precision-biomarker-guided-management-of-tuberculosis-contacts-a-discrete-choice-experiment-100594852","NCT07024836","PRecision biomArker-Guided MAnagement of TuberculosIs Contacts: a Discrete Choice Experiment","PRAGMATIC-DCE","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Adults (aged ≥18 years) who have been tested for latent TB infection in routine clinical services, or are eligible for testing. Eligible people for testing include migrants from countries with high TB incidence (entered UK within 5 years), people with recent contact with a person with TB disease, and people eligible for LTBI screening prior to starting immunosuppression or through occupational health testing.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Unable to provide informed consent.",{"count":430,"type":19},430,"This study is part of a broader programme of work to develop and pilot a randomised-controlled trial of new tests to identify people who will benefit most from preventive treatment for tuberculosis (TB). The aim of the current study is to explore factors affecting patient decisions to start preventive treatment. The specific objectives are to understand how patients make decisions about preventive treatment initiation for TB (stage 1); and to design and conduct a \"discrete choice experiment\" survey to further evaluate preferences (stage 2).",[24],[434,435,436,437],"preference","discrete choice experiment","qualitative","latent tuberculosis infection","2025-06-09",{"date":440,"type":35},"2025-06-17",{"date":442,"type":35},"2025-05-22",{"date":444,"type":19},"2026-12",{"name":364,"class":42},{"id":447,"slug":448,"hasResults":11,"nctId":449,"briefTitle":450,"officialTitle":451,"acronym":452,"eligibilityCriteria":453,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":113,"maxAge":114,"enrollmentInfo":454,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":456,"briefSummary":457,"conditions":458,"keywords":459,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":466,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":467,"startDateStruct":469,"completionDateStruct":470,"leadSponsor":471,"locationsCount":73},"100586009","a-confirmatory-trial-of-adjunctive-nac-to-prevent-post-tuberculosis-lung-disease-100586009","NCT06909799","A Confirmatory Trial of Adjunctive NAC to Prevent Post Tuberculosis Lung Disease","A Confirmatory Trial of Adjunctive N-acetylcysteine to Prevent Post Tuberculosis Lung Disease (NAC-PTLD) - A TB SEQUEL II Substudy","NAC-PTLD","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Persons aged 18 to 65 years\n2. Willing and able to provide signed written consent, or witnessed oral con-sent with thumbprint in the case of illiteracy, prior to undertaking any trial-related procedures.\n3. Body weight (in light clothing without shoes) between 30 and 90 kg.\n4. Xpert TB\u002FRIF OR Ultra showing RIF-S-MTB, with subsequent confirmation of MTB by culture.\n5. Chest radiograph meeting criteria for moderate or far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis 1\n6. FEV1 ≤65% of predicted adjusted for age, height, sex, and race\n7. If female, of child-bearing potential and sexually active, willing to use a contraceptive method for the duration of study participation\n8. HIV-1\u002F2 seronegative, or if seropositive: CD4 T cell count ≥100\u002FmcL and either currently receiving ART or willing to start ART during study participation\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Any condition for which participation in the trial, as judged by the investigator, could compromise the well-being of the subject or prevent, limit or confound protocol specified assessments, such as pneumothorax or clinically significant pleural effusion\n2. Pregnancy or breast-feeding\n3. Is critically ill, and in the judgment of the investigator has a diagnosis likely to result in death during the trial or the follow-up period.\n4. TB meningitis or other forms of severe tuberculosis with high risk of a poor outcome as judged by the investigator.\n5. History of allergy or hypersensitivity to any of the trial therapies or related substances, including known allergy or suspected hypersensitivity to rifampin.\n6. Having participated in other clinical trials with investigational agents within 8 weeks prior to trial start or currently enrolled in an investigational trial.\n7. No more than 5 days treatment for the current TB episode, and no other TB treatment in the preceding 6 months\n8. Angina pectoris requiring treatment with nitroglycerin or other nitrates\n9. Cardiac arrhythmia requiring medication, or any clinically significant ECG abnormality, in the opinion of the investigator\n10. Random blood glucose \\>140 mg\u002FdL (or \\>7.8 mmol\u002FL), or history of unstable Diabetes Mellitus which required hospitalization for hyper- or hypoglycaemia within the past year prior to start of screening.\n11. Use of systemic corticosteroids within the past 28 days, or a likely to require corticosteroids for management of another medical condition during the period of study participation.\n12. Patients requiring treatment with medications not compatible with rifampin, such as HIV protease inhibitors\n13. Subjects with any of the following abnormal laboratory values:\n\n    1. creatinine \\>2 mg\u002FdL\n    2. haemoglobin \\\u003C8 g\u002FdL\n    3. platelets \\\u003C100x109 cells\u002FL\n    4. serum potassium \\\u003C3.5\n    5. aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≥2.0 x ULN\n    6. alkaline phosphatase (AP) \\>5.0 x ULN\n    7. total bilirubin \\>1.5 mg\u002FdL\n    8. positive HBsAg",{"count":455,"type":19},242,[56],"The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate if N-acetylcysteine (NAC) works to prevent post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) in patients with severe pulmonary impairment. It also aims to assess the safety of NAC. The main questions the study aims to answer are: Does NAC improve lung function (FEV1%) over 12 months in participants with pulmonary tuberculosis and baseline risk factors for PTLD? What medical issues or adverse events do participants experience while taking NAC? Researchers will compare NAC treatment to a control group to see if it can prevent PTLD when given in addition to standard TB treatment.\n\nParticipants will: Take NAC (1800mg twice daily) for 6 months with standard TB treatment or receive standard TB treatment alone; Attend scheduled clinic visits for 12 months, during which they will have respiratory assessments, blood tests, and symptom monitoring; Complete quality-of-life questionnaires and provide sputum and blood samples for analysis at multiple time points.",[24],[460,461,462,463,464,465],"NAC","N-acetylcysteine","HDT","Host directed therapy","PTLD","Post TB lung disease","2025-04-28",{"date":468,"type":35},"2025-04-30",{"date":466,"type":35},{"date":204,"type":19},{"name":472,"class":42},"The Aurum Institute NPC",{"id":474,"slug":475,"hasResults":11,"nctId":476,"briefTitle":477,"officialTitle":478,"acronym":479,"eligibilityCriteria":480,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":113,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":481,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":483,"briefSummary":484,"conditions":485,"keywords":486,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":494,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":495,"startDateStruct":497,"completionDateStruct":499,"leadSponsor":500,"locationsCount":502},"100586560","examining-psycho-socioeconomic-linkages-in-tb-care-the-uplift-trial-100586560","NCT06916962","Examining Psycho-Socioeconomic Linkages in TB Care: The UPLIFT Trial","Understanding Psycho-socioeconomic Linkages Through an Intervention Providing Enhanced Financial and Social Support During Tuberculosis Treatment","UPLIFT","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosed with drug-sensitive, pulmonary, new, or relapse TB\n* Initiated on TB treatment and reported\u002Fnotified in VITIMES\n* Residing in one of the implementation districts for the past 1 month\n* First member of the household to enroll in the study\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Not enrolled in VITIMES within 1 month of treatment initiation\n* Household registration in another province\n* Plans to relocate in the next 6 months\n* Additional family members living in the same household with someone enrolled in the study",{"count":482,"type":19},1324,[56],"Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains an ongoing public health and socioeconomic challenge worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries such as Vietnam. Despite improvements in healthcare, TB still causes significant problems to those infected, especially within marginalized populations, including financial hardship, stigma, and mental health issues. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a psycho-socioeconomic support intervention intended to improve treatment outcomes and reduce financial hardship faced by TB-affected households in Vietnam, measured through catastrophic costs.\n\nMethods: A hybrid type II effectiveness implementation study using a randomized control trial study design will be employed to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of the intervention. The study will be conducted in 12 Vietnamese provinces across Northern, Central, and Southern regions, targeting areas with lower TB treatment success rates. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a control group, which will receive standard care, or an intervention group, which will receive cash transfers conditioned on participation in TB Club peer-support meetings. Data will be collected on the individual, household and district levels. Individual outcomes will include treatment success, health-related quality of life, TB-related stigma, and anxiety and depression. Household outcomes will include catastrophic cost incurrence, changes in financial capital and livelihoods, and TB service and universal health coverage (UHC) uptake. Implementation outcomes, by district, will include fidelity, satisfaction, participation, acceptability, and quality.\n\nHypothesis: The study hypothesizes that providing financial and enhanced psychosocial support to people with TB will improve their treatment success and reduce the financial burden on TB-affected households.",[24],[487,488,489,490,491,492,493],"Low- and Middle-income Countries","Treatment support","Catastrophic costs","Psychosocial support","Cash transfers","Health-related quality of life","Social protection","2025-04-01",{"date":496,"type":35},"2025-04-08",{"date":498,"type":35},"2025-03-14",{"date":149,"type":19},{"name":501,"class":42},"Freundeskreis Für Internationale Tuberkulosehilfe e.V",12,{"id":504,"slug":505,"hasResults":11,"nctId":506,"briefTitle":507,"officialTitle":508,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":509,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":113,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":510,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":512,"conditions":513,"keywords":515,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":521,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":522,"startDateStruct":524,"completionDateStruct":526,"leadSponsor":528,"locationsCount":73},"100574845","patients-with-tuberculosis-mycobacteriosis-or-latent-tuberculosis-100574845","NCT06764576","Patients With Tuberculosis, Mycobacteriosis or Latent Tuberculosis","Epidemiological, Demographic and Clinical Aspects of Patients With Tuberculosis, Mycobacteriosis or Infection Latent Tuberculosis","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* age of 18 years or more,\n* clinical\u002Fradiological suspicion of TB or non-tubercular mycobacteriosis or ITBL for which sent to the Microbiology laboratory at least one biological sample for the mycobacteria and\u002For a blood sample for the IGRA test;\n* Obtaining informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* None",{"count":511,"type":19},13000,"In the last 30 years, tuberculosis (TB) has re-emerged in industrialised countries as a public health, with a decrease in incidence among the resident population and an increase in the burden of immigrants. Therefore, it becomes a priority to implement an effective TB control that relies on both rapid and reliable identification of active infections, with a adequate treatment and surveillance of resistance, but also on the identification of latent tuberculosis infections (ITBL) in populations at higher risk of progression to the active disease, representing a source of infection for the community.",[514,24],"Mycobacterial Infection",[516,517,27,518,437,519,520],"infection","mycobacterial","diagnosis","mycobacterial non-tubercular","microbiological tests","2025-01-02",{"date":523,"type":35},"2025-01-08",{"date":525,"type":35},"2021-12-19",{"date":527,"type":19},"2026-12-31",{"name":529,"class":42},"IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna",{"id":531,"slug":532,"hasResults":11,"nctId":533,"briefTitle":534,"officialTitle":535,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":536,"healthyVolunteers":82,"sex":16,"minAge":83,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":537,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":539,"briefSummary":540,"conditions":541,"keywords":542,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":547,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":548,"startDateStruct":550,"completionDateStruct":552,"leadSponsor":553,"locationsCount":73},"100570094","research-on-key-interventional-technologies-for-controlling-the-epidemic-in-high-prevalence-areas-of-tuberculosis-in-guangxi-china-100570094","NCT06702774","Research on Key Interventional Technologies for Controlling the Epidemic in High-prevalence Areas of Tuberculosis in Guangxi, China","Active Case Finding Using Mobile Vans Equipped With Artificial Intelligence Aided Radiology Tests and Sputum Collection for Rapid Diagnostic Tests to Reduce Tuberculosis Prevalence Among High-risk Populations in Rural China: a Pragmatic Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* all residents who are elderly (i.e., aged 65 and above)\n* all residents who are aged 15 to 64 with one of the following conditions: being patients previously treated for TB or close contacts of a patient with a TB patient diagnosed within the last three years; having been clinically diagnosed with diabetes, HIV positive, or worked as a miner\n* Have signed consent form\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Residents who refuse participation.",{"count":538,"type":19},72000,[56],"The goal of this study is to find out if using mobile vans with advanced technology can help reduce tuberculosis (TB) in rural Guangxi, China. The study will also examine how practical and cost-effective this approach is. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1) Does this new screening method lower the number of TB cases among high-risk groups? and 2) Is this method practical and acceptable for communities and healthcare workers? Participants in the study will: 1) undergo TB screening with mobile vans that use artificial intelligence (AI) to read chest X-rays, 2) answer a short questionnaire about their symptoms and health history, and 3) provide sputum samples for GeneXpert testing if needed.\n\nSome communities will receive the new screening method, while others will continue with usual care. Researchers will compare TB rates in the two groups over three years to see if the new approach works better for TB control. If successful, this method could be used to improve TB control in other areas.",[24],[61,543,544,28,545,546],"active case finding","mobile van","cluster randomized controlled trial","China","2024-12-03",{"date":549,"type":35},"2024-12-06",{"date":551,"type":35},"2021-11-20",{"date":468,"type":19},{"name":554,"class":42},"University of Toronto",{"id":556,"slug":557,"hasResults":11,"nctId":558,"briefTitle":559,"officialTitle":560,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":561,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":113,"maxAge":4,"enrollmentInfo":562,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":20,"phases":4,"briefSummary":563,"conditions":564,"keywords":566,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":572,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":573,"startDateStruct":575,"completionDateStruct":577,"leadSponsor":579,"locationsCount":73},"100569948","evaluation-of-igra-symptoms-and-chest-radiograph-for-subclinical-tb-detection-in-esrd-and-kt-100569948","NCT06700876","Evaluation of IGRA, Symptoms and Chest Radiograph for Subclinical TB Detection in ESRD and KT","Evaluation of Interferon-gamma Release Assays, Symptom Screening and Chest Radiograph for Detection of Subclinical Tuberculosis of End-stage Kidney Disease and Kidney Transplant Recipients in Thailand","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. End-stage renal disease on renal replacement therapy (hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis) or status-post-living donor or deceased donor kidney transplantation\n2. Aged more than or equal 18 years\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Positive PPD test or a previously documented positive PPD\n2. Active pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis",{"count":375,"type":19},"This is an observational study among approximately 160 end-stage renal disease patients on renal replacement therapy and post-living donor or deceased donor kidney transplant recipients. Investigators aim to assess the proportion of positive IGRA associated with symptom development, sputum Xpert MTB\u002FRIF assay, and chest radiograph to define latent TB infection and subclinical TB among ESKD and renal transplant patients.",[24,565],"End-Stage Kidney Disease",[567,568,569,570,61,571],"Subclinical Tuberculosis","Interferon gamma release assays","End-stage Kidney Disease","Detection of Subclinical Tuberculosis","IGRAs","2024-11-20",{"date":574,"type":35},"2024-11-22",{"date":576,"type":35},"2024-08-06",{"date":578,"type":19},"2027-06-30",{"name":580,"class":42},"Mahidol University",{"id":582,"slug":583,"hasResults":11,"nctId":584,"briefTitle":585,"officialTitle":586,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":587,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":16,"minAge":113,"maxAge":403,"enrollmentInfo":588,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":54,"phases":590,"briefSummary":592,"conditions":593,"keywords":602,"overallStatus":63,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":603,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":604,"startDateStruct":606,"completionDateStruct":608,"leadSponsor":610,"locationsCount":73},"100553318","phase-4-gene-guided-n-acetyl-cysteine-for-prophylaxis-of-anti-tuberculous-drug--induced-hepatitis-100553318","NCT06484530","Gene-guided N-acetyl Cysteine for Prophylaxis of Anti-tuberculous Drug- Induced Hepatitis","Gene-guided N-acetyl Cysteine for Prophylaxis of Anti-tuberculous Drug- Induced Hepatitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients aged 18 - 80 years old.\n* Newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients (both pulmonary and extrapulmonary).\n* Received standard anti-tuberculosis medication according to standard regimens (2HRZE\u002F4HR, 2HRE\u002F7HR).\n* Willing to participate in the research\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Infected with HIV.\n* Severe liver dysfunction classified as Child-Pugh B or C.\n* Chronic untreated liver diseases such as hepatitis B or C, alcoholic liver disease.\n* Abnormal liver function tests including AST \\> 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (48 U\u002FL), ALT \\> 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (55 U\u002FL), ALP \\> upper limit of normal (110 U\u002FL), Total bilirubin \\> upper limit of normal (1.2 mg\u002FdL).\n* Diagnosed with cancer.\n* History of allergy to N-acetylcysteine (NAC).\n* Pregnant or breastfeeding.\n* Severe comorbidities such as CKD stage 4-5, chronic heart failure, severe pulmonary diseases (COPD, bronchiectasis).",{"count":589,"type":19},116,[591],"PHASE4","Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern in Thailand and globally, especially in tropical regions, with pulmonary TB being predominant. Besides affecting the lungs, TB can also impact extrapulmonary organs. Standard TB treatment involves a combination of drugs administered for at least 6 months, but it can cause adverse effects such as hepatitis. Hepatotoxicity, occurring in 20-60% of patients, is commonly linked to isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide. Slow acetylators of the NAT2 gene are particularly susceptible. Previous research suggests N-acetylcysteine (NAC) may mitigate hepatotoxicity, especially among slow acetylators. A recent study by Kittichai Samaithongcharoen and team showed that NAC reduced hepatotoxicity incidence significantly among slow acetylators. This underscores the potential of NAC in preventing drug-induced hepatotoxicity in TB treatment, warranting further investigation against standard treatment protocols.",[24,594,595,596,597,598,599,600,601],"Isoniazid Toxicity","Rifampicin Toxicity","Pyrazinamide Adverse Reaction","Ethambutol Toxicity","NAT2 Slow Acetylator Status","NAT2 Rapid Acetylator Status","NAT2 Polymorphism","N-Acetylcysteine",[24,594,595,596,597,598,599,600,601],"2024-07-01",{"date":605,"type":35},"2024-07-03",{"date":607,"type":35},"2024-03-12",{"date":609,"type":19},"2024-09-18",{"name":580,"class":42}]