[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-studies-list:{\"conditionNormalized\":\"working-memory\",\"overallStatus\":[\"RECRUITING\",\"AVAILABLE\",\"NOT_YET_RECRUITING\"],\"orderBy\":\"LastUpdateSubmitDate:desc\",\"size\":25,\"offset\":0}":3,"health-study-condition:working-memory":26},{"pageToken":4,"total":5,"offset":6,"count":5,"results":7},null,9,0,[8,40,71,98,145,170,198,222,247],{"id":9,"slug":10,"hasResults":11,"nctId":12,"briefTitle":13,"officialTitle":13,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":14,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":16,"maxAge":17,"enrollmentInfo":18,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":22,"briefSummary":24,"conditions":25,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":27,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":28,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":29,"startDateStruct":32,"completionDateStruct":34,"leadSponsor":36,"locationsCount":39},"100490142","nimh-k23-modulation-of-frontoparietal-dynamics-in-adolescent-working-memory-deficits-100490142",false,"NCT05662280","NIMH K23: Modulation of Frontoparietal Dynamics in Adolescent Working Memory Deficits","Researchers will enroll a sample of adolescents (age 12-18 years) with working memory deficits and ADHD. Participation in this study will not require any adjustments to their clinical care. There are no costs to this study (participants compensated) and there are no expected long-term benefits to the participants. Participants will be compensated for each session. Participants can withdraw from the study at any time.\n\nInclusion Criteria\n\n1. Ability to provide assent and have parent provide parental permission\n2. English fluency of the participant and the legal guardian\u002Fparent\n3. 12-18 years\n4. Parent rating on BRIEF-2 Working Memory: Greater than 1.0 SD above normative mean.\n5. IQ \\> 80\n6. Clinical diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): predominantly inattentive type, predominantly hyperactive\u002Fimpulsive type, combined type, or unspecified type. Diagnostic criteria will be confirmed with NICHQ Vanderbilt Assessment Scales-Parent.\n\nExclusion Criteria: Participants will be screened to exclude individuals with neurological or medical conditions that might confound the results, as well as to exclude participants in whom MRI or TMS might result in increased risk of side effects or complications. Common contraindications include metallic hardware in the body, cardiac pacemaker, patients with an implanted medication pumps or an intracardiac line, or prescription of medications known to lower seizure threshold. These account for the majority of the exclusion criteria listed below:\n\n1. Intracranial pathology from a known genetic disorder (e.g., NF1, tuberous sclerosis) or from acquired neurologic disease (e.g. stroke, tumor), cerebral palsy, history of severe head injury, or significant dysmorphology\n2. History of fainting spells of unknown or undetermined etiology that might constitute seizures\n3. History of seizures, diagnosis of epilepsy, or immediate (1st degree relative) family history epilepsy\n4. Any progressive (e.g., neurodegenerative) neurological disorder\n5. Chronic (particularly) uncontrolled medical conditions that may cause a medical emergency in case of a provoked seizure (cardiac malformation, cardiac dysrhythmia, asthma, etc.)\n6. Contraindicated metal implants in the head, brain or spinal cord (excluding dental implants, braces or fillings)\n7. Non-removable makeup or piercings\n8. Pacemaker\n9. Implanted medication pump\n10. Vagal nerve stimulator\n11. Deep brain stimulator\n12. TENS unit (unless removed completely for the study)\n13. Ventriculo-peritoneal shunt\n14. Signs of increased intracranial pressure\n15. Intracranial lesion (including incidental finding on MRI)\n16. History of head injury resulting in prolonged loss of consciousness\n17. Substance abuse or dependence within past six months (i.e., DSM-5 substance use disorder criteria)\n18. Chronic treatment with prescription medications that decrease cortical seizure threshold, not including psychostimulant medication if deemed to be medically safe as part of the medical review process.\n19. Active psychosis or mania\n20. Current suicidal intent\n21. Current pregnancy\n22. Significant visual, hearing or speech impairment\n23. Current wards of the state","ALL","12 Years","18 Years",{"count":19,"type":20},40,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[23],"NA","Working memory (WM) deficits are a transdiagnostic feature of adolescent psychopathology that substantially contribute to poor clinical and functional outcomes. This proposal will utilize a multimodal neuroscientific approach to investigate whether non-invasive brain stimulation can modulate the neural mechanisms underlying adolescent WM deficits. Directly in line with NIMH priorities, the researchers will identify the contributing roles of prefrontal and parietal regions in WM processes, as well as identify optimal targets and parameters for novel brain-based treatments in adolescent psychopathology. This study is funded by the NIMH-K23",[26],"Working Memory","RECRUITING","2026-04-27",{"date":30,"type":31},"2026-05-01","ACTUAL",{"date":33,"type":31},"2022-12-01",{"date":35,"type":20},"2026-12-01",{"name":37,"class":38},"Bradley Hospital","OTHER",1,{"id":41,"slug":42,"hasResults":11,"nctId":43,"briefTitle":44,"officialTitle":45,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":46,"healthyVolunteers":47,"sex":15,"minAge":48,"maxAge":49,"enrollmentInfo":50,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":52,"briefSummary":53,"conditions":54,"keywords":58,"overallStatus":27,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":62,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":63,"startDateStruct":65,"completionDateStruct":67,"leadSponsor":69,"locationsCount":39},"100586694","bid-wm-digital-intervention-in-aging-100586694","NCT06918704","BID WM Digital Intervention in Aging","Behavioral Intervention Development Core - Working Memory Digital Intervention in Aging","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Minimum of 12 years of education\n* English fluency\n* Normal or corrected-to-normal vision\n* Normal or corrected-to-normal vision\n* Medically healthy older adults including those with below-average cognitive performance or mild cognitive impairment patients without dementia\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Under the age of 60\n* Clinical diagnosis of neurological or psychiatric disorder\n* Visually or hearing impaired without correction to normal\n* Clinical diagnosis of dementia or AD8 score of \\>3\n* Regularly (one or more times per week) practicing an instrument within the last year\n* 10 or more years of formal musical instrument training",true,"60 Years","85 Years",{"count":51,"type":20},150,[23],"The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if engaging with an digital intervention may improve cognitive function. The main questions it aims to answer are:\n\n1. Does engagement in with a digital intervention improve working memory?\n2. Does engagement in with a digital intervention improve inhibitory control?\n\nResearchers will compare two different digital interventions to assess whether they may be helpful in improving cognitive function.\n\nParticipants will conduct study activities remotely (e.g., at-home):\n\n1. Baseline Assessment. Complete a series of cognitive assessments and surveys.\n2. Intervention. Engage in a digital intervention for up to 8 weeks.\n3. Post Intervention Assessment. Complete the same cognitive assessments and surveys as the Baseline Assessment.\n4. Follow-Up Assessment. Six months after the intervention ends, participants will complete the same cognitive assessments and surveys as the Baseline Assessment.",[26,55,56,57],"Inhibitory Control","Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)","Aging",[59,26,60,55,61,57],"Cognitive Training","MCI","Mild Cognitive Impairment","2026-03-31",{"date":64,"type":31},"2026-04-01",{"date":66,"type":31},"2025-08-15",{"date":68,"type":20},"2028-07-31",{"name":70,"class":38},"University of California, San Francisco",{"id":72,"slug":73,"hasResults":11,"nctId":74,"briefTitle":75,"officialTitle":76,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":77,"healthyVolunteers":47,"sex":15,"minAge":17,"maxAge":78,"enrollmentInfo":79,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":81,"briefSummary":82,"conditions":83,"keywords":84,"overallStatus":27,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":89,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":90,"startDateStruct":92,"completionDateStruct":94,"leadSponsor":96,"locationsCount":39},"100510220","modulation-of-brain-oscillations-underlying-working-memory-100510220","NCT05923606","Modulation of Brain Oscillations Underlying Working Memory","State-dependent Modulation of Interactions of Theta and Gamma Rhythms in Working Memory","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Able to provide informed consent\n* Fluent in English.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* History of a neurological\u002Fpsychiatric disorder\n* Current use of psychotropic medications\n* Current use of substances and drugs that were shown to affect tES (transcranial electrical stimulation) efficacy (dopamine altering drugs, nicotine, NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) antagonists\u002Fagonists, sodium\u002Fcalcium channel blockers, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, GABAergic modulators and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)\n* Contraindications for tACS (e.g., history of seizures, metallic implants in the head or neck, implanted brain stimulators, vagus nerve stimulators, pacemakers, pregnancy)","35 Years",{"count":80,"type":20},32,[23],"This study will use novel transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) protocols and electroencephalography (EEG) to modulate and measure brain oscillations that underlie working memory. tACS is a noninvasive method used to modulate the timing and patterns of brain rhythms via weak electric currents passed through electrodes on the scalp.",[26],[85,86,87,88],"Working memory","Attention","Theta oscillations","Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation","2026-02-06",{"date":91,"type":31},"2026-02-09",{"date":93,"type":31},"2024-07-10",{"date":95,"type":20},"2027-03-31",{"name":97,"class":38},"Massachusetts General Hospital",{"id":99,"slug":100,"hasResults":11,"nctId":101,"briefTitle":102,"officialTitle":103,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":104,"healthyVolunteers":47,"sex":105,"minAge":106,"maxAge":48,"enrollmentInfo":107,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":108,"briefSummary":109,"conditions":110,"keywords":126,"overallStatus":27,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":136,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":137,"startDateStruct":139,"completionDateStruct":141,"leadSponsor":143,"locationsCount":39},"100617476","evaluation-of-the-impact-of-a-nutritional-formulation-on-cognitive-performance-following-stress-exposure-100617476","NCT07319117","Evaluation of the Impact of a Nutritional Formulation on Cognitive Performance Following Stress Exposure.","A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomised, Acute, Repeated Measures Cross-over Study to Evaluate the Impact of Skoshify 'Think Tank' Nutritional Formulation on Cognitive Performance Following Stress Exposure.","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Willing and able to provide written informed consent (in English)\n2. Aged 40-60\n3. Female\n4. Daily caffeine drinkers\n5. Healthy and free from significant physical and psychiatric disorders\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n1. Current cigarette smokers\u002Fvapers.\n2. Known food allergy or intolerance to the investigational products or control products.\n3. Not willing to consume coffee.\n4. Individuals diagnosed with psychiatric\u002Fmental health conditions.\n5. Individuals engaging in recreational drug use.\n6. Individuals with diagnosed cardiovascular conditions (e.g. heart disease, high blood pressure)\n7. Individuals taking prescribed medication except contraceptives\u002Fhormone replacement therapy\n8. Individuals suffering from Raynaud's or circulatory issues\n9. Individuals who have suffered an injury or infection in their hand\u002Farm in the last month\n10. Individuals who have suffered from chronic pain conditions or experience extreme numbness or pain in response to cold temperatures.\n11. Previous brain injury\u002Fbrain surgery\n12. Individuals who work night shifts.\n13. Currently pregnant or breastfeeding.\n14. Previous participants in a laboratory stress protocol.","FEMALE","40 Years",{"count":19,"type":20},[23],"The proposed project will evaluate the synergistic effects of a nutritional formulation, 'Think Tank' on cognitive performance following exposure to a psychological and physical stressor. Adopting a double-blind repeated measures cross-over design, middle-aged females (40-60 years) will be recruited to take part in a two-stage research study that will examine whether the formulation enhances cognitive performance and subjective well-being following the challenge of a stressor, compared to placebo. Cognitive assessments will examine the impact of the nutritional formulation on working memory, sustained attention, cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control. The study will also assess physiological (heart rate, blood pressure and cortisol) and subjective (well-being, anxiety, positive and negative mood, stress) markers of stress reactivity. The study will also explore levels sleep quality, mental and physical fatigue, effort, productivity, and perceived impact of the intervention.",[111,26,112,113,55,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125],"Cognitive Assessment","Executive Function (Cognition)","Sustained Attention","Cognitive Flexibility","Cortisol","Stress","Anxiety","Depression","Sleep Quality","Blood Pressure","Heart Rate","Mental Fatigue","Physical Fatigue","Productivity","Effort",[127,128,129,130,131,132,133,134,135],"Cognitive Performance","Stress Response","Creatine","Magnesium","L-Tyrosine","L-Theanine","Rhodiola","Phosphatidylserine","Citicoline","2025-12-19",{"date":138,"type":31},"2026-01-06",{"date":140,"type":20},"2025-12-15",{"date":142,"type":20},"2026-08-31",{"name":144,"class":38},"Leeds Beckett University",{"id":146,"slug":147,"hasResults":11,"nctId":148,"briefTitle":149,"officialTitle":150,"acronym":151,"eligibilityCriteria":152,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":17,"maxAge":153,"enrollmentInfo":154,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":156,"briefSummary":158,"conditions":159,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":27,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":161,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":162,"startDateStruct":164,"completionDateStruct":166,"leadSponsor":168,"locationsCount":39},"100573861","phase-2-cross-over-study-on-the-influence-of-fampridine-on-working-memory-in-mild-to-moderate-depression-100573861","NCT06751784","Cross-over Study on the Influence of Fampridine on Working Memory in Mild to Moderate Depression","Randomized Placebo-controlled Phase II Cross-over Study on the Influence of Fampridine on Working Memory in Mild to Moderate Depression","FamD_2025","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Male or female\n* Major depressive episode confirmed by the Mini-DIPS. Currently mild to moderate (MADRS: 7-30).\n* Normotensive (BP: 90\u002F60mmHg - 140\u002F90mmHg). Sufficiently treated hypertensive subjects will be included.\n* BMI: 19 - 34,9 kg\u002Fm2\n* Age: 18 - 55 years\n* Fluent in German\n* IC as documented by signature\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Contraindications to the class of drugs under study, e.g. known hypersensitivity or allergy to 4-aminopyridine\n* Use of potassium channel blockers within the last 3 months\n* Treatment with OCT 2 inhibitors and -substrates (e.g. cimetidine, propranolol)\n* Treatment with antidepressants or antipsychotics within the last 3 months and throughout the study period\n* Current intake of psychoactive drugs (e.g. benzodiazepines, antidepressants, neuroleptics).\n* Other acute or chronic psychiatric disorder (e.g. psychosis, somatoform disorder, alcohol or drug abuse disorder)\n* Cognitive impairment (MoCA score \\\u003C 25)\n* MADRS item 10 \\> 1 (suicidal tendency)\n* Risk of lowered seizure threshold (due to e.g. sleep deprivation, withdrawal of alcohol after alcohol abuse, hyponatraemia)\n* History of seizures\n* Acute cerebrovascular condition\n* Acute renal failure or severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance \\\u003C 30 ml\u002Fmin per 1.73 m2)\n* Bradycardia \\\u003C 50\u002Fmin during clinical examination.\n* History of malignant cancers\n* Walking problems (e.g. due to dizziness)\n* Other clinically significant concomitant disease states (e.g. hepatic dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, asthma)\n* Clinically significant laboratory or ECG abnormality that could be a safety issue in the study\n* Severe somatic or neurological comorbidities\n* Smoking including all nicotine containing smoking systems and devices (\\>10 cigarettes\u002Funits per day). Failure to withstand a test day without craving, due to regular consummation patterns.\n* Pregnancy or breast feeding. Intention to become pregnant during the study participation.\n* Known or suspected non-compliance\n* Inability to follow the procedures of the study, e.g. due to language or psychological problems of the participant\n* Participation in another study with an investigational drug within the 30 days preceding and during the present study\n* Enrolment of the investigator, his\u002Fher family members, employees and other dependent persons","55 Years",{"count":155,"type":20},38,[157],"PHASE2","Cognitive deficits, including working memory deficits, are often present in depression and there are currently no effective pharmacological treatments targeting working memory deficits. Papassotiropoulos et al. (2024) has recently demonstrated that fampridine, a potassium channel blocker, can enhance working memory in healthy individuals with lower baseline performance, suggesting it may hold potential for addressing cognitive deficits in clinical populations. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate whether fampridine improves working memory performance in mild to moderate depression",[26,160],"Mild to Moderate Depression","2025-12-04",{"date":163,"type":31},"2025-12-12",{"date":165,"type":31},"2025-05-22",{"date":167,"type":20},"2026-07",{"name":169,"class":38},"University of Basel",{"id":171,"slug":172,"hasResults":11,"nctId":173,"briefTitle":174,"officialTitle":175,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":176,"healthyVolunteers":11,"sex":15,"minAge":17,"maxAge":177,"enrollmentInfo":178,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":179,"briefSummary":180,"conditions":181,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":27,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":189,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":190,"startDateStruct":192,"completionDateStruct":194,"leadSponsor":196,"locationsCount":39},"100552149","theories-of-working-memory-and-consolidationreconsolidation-in-the-process-of-resorption-of-post-traumatic-symptoms-100552149","NCT06469333","Theories of Working Memory and Consolidation\u002FRECOnsolidation in the Process of Resorption of Post-traumatic Symptoms.","Theories of Working Memory and Consolidation\u002FRECOnsolidation in the Process of Resorption of Certain Post-traumatic Symptoms: Interventional, Randomized Single-center Study","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Present symptoms of acute stress (score between 22 and 35 on the Impact Event Scale-Revised, IES-R) and\u002For PTSD (higher score or equal to 36 on the IES-R), but at least present moderate to high psychological distress (score equal to or greater than 8 on the Kessler Abbreviated Psychological Distress Scale, K6);\n* Being in need of psychotherapeutic follow-up but not having started it yet;\n* Be aged between 18 and 65 years inclusive;\n* Speak and write French (be able to understand information and complete questionnaires independently);\n* Have good vision (being able to follow the movement of a white point on a screen);\n* Have good hearing and tactile abilities (being able to perceive auditory and tactile tones);\n* Have a computer equipped with a webcam;\n* Be informed and sign informed consent.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Be an adult protected under guardianship or curatorship;\n* Be a person subject to a judicial safeguard measure;\n* Present a lack of autonomy implying an impossibility in terms of administering questionnaires and filling out questionnaires;\n* Have a vision defect implying an impossibility of visual tracking of a white dot;\n* Present a hearing defect and\u002For tactile abilities implying an impossibility of perception;\n* Have a neurological condition constituting measurement biases (muscular dysfunctions, perceptual dysfunctions, etc.);\n* Suffer from psychotraumatic and dissociative disorders of complex type (respectively evaluated with regard to the anamestistic data of the patients and with a score greater than 25 on the dissociative experiences scale (Dissociative Experiences Scale, DES);\n* Do not present psychological distress (score less than 8 on the Kessler Abbreviated Psychological Distress Scale, K6) ;\n* Have a drug or alcohol dependence;\n* Benefit from ongoing psychotherapeutic monitoring;\n* Have already benefited from psychotherapeutic follow-up or have participated in studies in the last 6 months, both involving EMDR therapy.","65 Years",{"count":51,"type":20},[23],"EMDR is a psychotherapeutic approach recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the treatment of disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression and, more generally, psychological distress. In all these disorders, intrusions are one of the symptoms leading to intense emotional distress. EMDR therapy, by making intrusions less emotional and less present in the mind (i.e. less vivid), would reduce psychological distress. This symptomatological reduction would be made possible by the therapist's application of alternating bilateral visual (rapid eye movements following a point from left to right), auditory (tones emitted alternately in the right ear and then in the left ear) and\u002For tactile (tapping with fingers on the left and right shoulders alternately) stimulations administered while the patient concentrates on his or her intrusive thoughts. Accordingly, the aim of this research is to investigate the efficacy of self-administration of Alternating Bilateral Stimulations (ABS), on the emotional intensity (emotionality) associated with negative intrusive thoughts (or intrusions).",[26,182,183,184,185,186,187,188],"Consolidation\u002FRecconsolidation Memory","Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing","Alterning Bilateral Stimulation","Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic","Intrusive Memories","Vividness","Emotivity","2025-11-20",{"date":191,"type":31},"2025-11-26",{"date":193,"type":31},"2024-09-06",{"date":195,"type":20},"2026-06",{"name":197,"class":38},"University of Lorraine",{"id":199,"slug":200,"hasResults":11,"nctId":201,"briefTitle":202,"officialTitle":203,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":204,"healthyVolunteers":47,"sex":205,"minAge":17,"maxAge":78,"enrollmentInfo":206,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":208,"briefSummary":209,"conditions":210,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":213,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":214,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":215,"startDateStruct":217,"completionDateStruct":219,"leadSponsor":221,"locationsCount":39},"100605770","exploring-the-cognitive-benefits-of-a-blackcurrant-based-supplement-in-normobaric-hypoxia-100605770","NCT07166835","Exploring the Cognitive Benefits of a Blackcurrant-Based Supplement in Normobaric Hypoxia","The Efficacy of a Blackcurrant-based Nootropic Drink to Support Cognitive Functioning Under Normobaric Simulated High Altitude","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Willing and able to provide written informed consent (in English)\n* Aged 18-35\n* Male\n* Residing at a low altitude (\\\u003C500m)\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Diagnosed food allergy or intolerance to the investigational products or control products. (Blackcurrant, food allergen\u002F pine, tree-derived allergen\u002F l-theanine tree allergen (camellia sinensis))\n* Significant past medical and psychiatric history and ongoing chronic conditions such as, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, endocrine disorder (e.g. Diabetes mellites) and neurological and psychiatric conditions including brain injury or are colourblind.\n* Significant medication history or current prescription of medication or supplements known to affect cognition such as. Sedatives, stimulants, or herbal supplements high in anthocyanin and polyphenol content.\n* A positive result from the pre-screening sickle cell trait blood test.\n* An abnormal ECG reading.\n* A resting heart rate above 100bmp.\n* A blood pressure reading above 140\u002F90mmHg.\n* Subjects not willing and\u002F or not able to comply with the scheduled visits required for the study.\n* Not willing to provide blood samples.\n* Not classified as low risk based on the ACSM guidelines.","MALE",{"count":207,"type":20},27,[23],"This study investigates the cognitive effects of Ārepa, a blackcurrant-based drink, under simulated high-altitude conditions (4,500m normobaric hypoxia for \\~180 minutes). Using a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled crossover design, participants will consume either the nootropic blackcurrant-based drink or a taste-matched placebo. Cognitive testing (\\~80 minutes) includes Trail-making, Stroop, N-back, Serial 7s\u002F3s, and RVIP tasks. Physiological measures (heart rate, SpO₂, blood) and biomarkers (MAO-B, BDNF, hsCRP, S100B, Prolactin, C3G, Sarmentosin) will be assessed. Scales will evaluate mood, wellbeing, and perceived effects. The aim is to determine if the nootropic drink can support cognitive function in hypoxic environments.",[127,112,26,211,212],"Hypoxia Induced Cognitive Impairment","Mood","NOT_YET_RECRUITING","2025-09-03",{"date":216,"type":31},"2025-09-10",{"date":218,"type":20},"2025-09-01",{"date":220,"type":20},"2027-10-01",{"name":144,"class":38},{"id":223,"slug":224,"hasResults":11,"nctId":225,"briefTitle":226,"officialTitle":227,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":228,"healthyVolunteers":47,"sex":15,"minAge":17,"maxAge":229,"enrollmentInfo":230,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":231,"briefSummary":232,"conditions":233,"keywords":237,"overallStatus":27,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":238,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":239,"startDateStruct":241,"completionDateStruct":243,"leadSponsor":245,"locationsCount":39},"100357561","phase-2-acute-effects-of-stimulant-medication-in-college-students-with-adhd-100357561","NCT03935646","Acute Effects of Stimulant Medication in College Students With ADHD","Acute Effects of Prescription Stimulant Medication on Cognition and Mood in College Students With and Without ADHD","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Be currently enrolled either full time or part time as an undergraduate in a 2-year or 4-year college\n* Be between the ages of 18-29\n* Be a native English speaker\n* ADHD Participants: Must report a prior diagnosis of ADHD and self-report five or more inattention (IA) symptoms on the DSM-5 Symptom Checklist on the pre-screener.\n* Healthy Participants: Must disavow ever being diagnosed with ADHD, report 3 or fewer IA symptoms and 3 or fewer hyperactivity\u002Fimpulsivity (HI) symptoms on the DSM-5 ADHD Symptom Checklist in the pre-screener and are an age and sex match of an ADHD group participant\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Not meeting any of the above stated inclusion criteria\n* Any contraindications for physical exercise placing the participant at moderate or high-risk. This includes the following:\n\n  1. Participants will be excluded if they report having an acute or uncontrolled disease (cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, endocrine, musculoskeletal, immunological).\n  2. Participants will be excluded if they are non-ambulatory or rely on walking aids for ambulation.\n  3. Participants will be excluded who chronically manage asthma or another respiratory condition or require using an inhaler to complete exercise.\n  4. Participants will be excluded if they experience uncontrolled or current problems with syncope (loss of consciousness or fainting) or postural hypotension.\n  5. Participants will be excluded if they have ever had a stroke, aneurysm, or transient ischemic attack (TIA).\n  6. Participants will be excluded if they have exercise or physical activity restrictions imposed by a health provider.\n  7. Participants will be excluded by the medical director due to possible underlying disease\u002Fcondition or risk.\n  8. Participants will be excluded if they are pregnant (determined by a urine pregnancy test), are attempting to become pregnant, or are currently breastfeeding will also be excluded (stated above).\n  9. Participants will be excluded for any current use of other psychotropic drugs (e.g., SSRIs, SNRIs, sedatives; stated above).\n* Any contraindications for stimulant medication use placing the participant at moderate or high-risk. This includes the following:\n\n  1. Participants will be excluded if they have ever been diagnosed with seizure disorder, high blood pressure, glaucoma, gastrointestinal hypermotility disorder (e.g., IBS), diabetes, hypoglycemia, cardiac problems (e.g., heart disease), or thyroid problems.\n  2. Participants will be excluded if they have ever been diagnosed with a bipolar disorder (e.g., Bipolar I or Bipolar II), a psychotic disorder (e.g., schizophrenia), a sleep disorder (e.g., narcolepsy), an eating disorder (e.g., bulimia nervosa), or a severe substance use disorder (e.g., endorsing six or more symptoms of a substance use disorder according to the DSM-5). Participants will also be excluded if they report a past year diagnosis of major depressive disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, or any substance use disorder.\n  3. Participants will be excluded if they report any prior treatment for substance use (e.g. rehabilitation for alcohol or other substance use). Additionally, participants will be excluded if they do not agree to abstain from illicit or addictive drugs and marijuana use for the duration of the study beginning with the eligibility assessment.\n  4. Participants will be excluded if they experience uncontrolled or current problems with syncope (e.g., loss of consciousness or fainting) or postural hypotension.\n  5. Participants will be excluded if they are pregnant (determined by a urine pregnancy test), are attempting to become pregnant, or are currently breastfeeding.\n  6. Non-ADHD participants will be excluded if they have ever engaged in non-prescription stimulant use.\n  7. ADHD participants who are currently prescribed a prescription stimulant will be asked not to take their medication the day prior to and day of any study visits. They will be excluded if they are not comfortable with abstaining.\n  8. Participants will be excluded for any current use of other psychotropic drugs (e.g., SSRIs, SNRIs, sedatives) or non-stimulant ADHD medication (i.e., Strattera).\n  9. Participants will be excluded for any current use of any other prescription medication that could interact negatively with Adderall (e.g., neurological and blood-pressure drugs, antihistamines).\n  10. They will also be excluded for current use of high levels of caffeine consumption (e.g., daily use more than 600mg\u002Fday or about six 8-oz. cups of coffee). Daily use is defined as 5 or more days per week for the last month.\n  11. Participants who are using other over-the-counter-substances that could interact negatively with Adderall (e.g., dietary supplements, weight-loss pills, and low-to-moderate levels of caffeine consumption, antihistamines) will be asked to abstain from use for at least 12-hours prior to lab visits. They will be excluded if they are not comfortable with abstaining.\n  12. Participants will be excluded if they report current nicotine use (i.e., 5 or more cigarettes per day), daily vaping (i.e., e-cigarettes), smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco), nicotine gum, and\u002For nicotine patches use in the past month.\n  13. Participants will be excluded if they experienced a concussion within the past 6 months, have experienced two or more concussions in their lifetime, or have a history of traumatic brain injury.\n  14. Participants will be excluded if they have ever had a stroke, aneurysm, or transient ischemic attack (TIA).\n  15. Participants will be excluded if they are unwilling to ingest a prescription stimulant medication (Adderall) or placebo in the lab.","29 Years",{"count":19,"type":20},[157],"The investigators will examine the acute effects of stimulant medication on executive functioning. The rationale for the proposed study is to examine the efficacy of stimulants for college students with ADHD and help prevent stimulant misuse among college students without ADHD. The working hypothesis is that stimulants, compared to baseline and placebo conditions, will improve executive functioning for college students with ADHD but not for college students without ADHD. Improvements on executive functioning measures (e.g., CPT-IP, Spatial Span) will be examined through 2 (ADHD vs. non-ADHD) x 3 (Baseline, Placebo, Stimulant) repeated measures ANOVAs. Follow-up analyses will include paired comparisons.\n\nExpected outcomes are to confirm these hypotheses and demonstrate the need for further study of stimulants. If confirmed, the results will provide pilot data for a larger NIH grant proposal aimed at further examining the acute effects of stimulants (i.e., improved cognitive functioning with stimulants) and comparing them to the acute effects of physical exercise (i.e., improved cognitive functioning immediately after exercise). The investigators expect this outcome to have an important positive impact because it can help support stimulant medication as an effective treatment for college students with ADHD (DuPaul et al., 2012). Additionally, demonstration that stimulants do not improve executive functioning for college students without ADHD can be used to help prevent and discourage stimulant misuse and diversion on college campuses (Hartung et al., 2013).",[234,235,26,236,212],"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","Stimulant Use","Change in Sustained Attention",[234,235,26,236,212],"2024-06-07",{"date":240,"type":31},"2024-06-10",{"date":242,"type":31},"2020-02-11",{"date":244,"type":20},"2025-06-30",{"name":246,"class":38},"University of Wyoming",{"id":248,"slug":249,"hasResults":11,"nctId":250,"briefTitle":251,"officialTitle":251,"acronym":4,"eligibilityCriteria":252,"healthyVolunteers":47,"sex":15,"minAge":17,"maxAge":229,"enrollmentInfo":253,"targetDuration":4,"studyType":21,"phases":255,"briefSummary":256,"conditions":257,"keywords":4,"overallStatus":27,"whyStopped":4,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":238,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":259,"startDateStruct":260,"completionDateStruct":262,"leadSponsor":264,"locationsCount":39},"100336898","acute-effects-of-exercise-in-college-students-with-adhd-100336898","NCT03666416","Acute Effects of Exercise in College Students With ADHD","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Age between 18 and 29 years.\n* University of Wyoming (UW) or Laramie County Community College (LCCC) student.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Predominantly hyperactive\u002Fimpulsive presentations of ADHD (ADHD-HI), as this presentation is unusual in adulthood.\n* Use of medications that negatively affect cognitive performance (e.g., sedatives, antipsychotics).\n* Pregnancy or trying to become pregnant.\n* Non-ambulatory or relying on walking aids for ambulation.\n* History of a stroke or an aneurysm.\n* High risk for physical exercise contraindications due to genetic\u002Fmedical conditions (e.g., cardiovascular or pulmonary disease).\n* Exercise or physical activity restrictions imposed by a health provider.",{"count":254,"type":20},48,[23],"The overall objective of this study is to examine physical exercise as an intervention for ADHD. The rationale for the proposed study is that physical exercise could serve as an effective treatment for college students with ADHD that has low costs, low risks, and ancillary health benefits and may address the limitations of existing treatments. The central hypothesis is that college students with ADHD will exhibit greater degrees of improvement in executive functioning (i.e., sustained attention, working memory) immediately following sprint interval training (SIT), relative to non-ADHD peers. This hypothesis was formulated based on preliminary studies demonstrating reduced ADHD symptoms and improved executive functioning following physical exercise. Multiple 2 (ADHD vs. control) x 2 (male vs. female) x 2 (exercise vs. none) repeated measures ANOVAs will be conducted to compare students with ADHD (n = 24) to controls (n = 24).\n\nThe expected outcomes are to confirm this hypothesis and demonstrate the need for further study of physical exercise. If confirmed, the results will provide pilot data for a larger NIH grant proposal aimed at further examining the acute effects of physical exercise (i.e., improved cognitive functioning immediately following exercise) and also the chronic effects of physical exercise (i.e., improved functioning after engaging in regular exercise for an extended period). This outcome is expected to have an important positive impact because physical exercise may serve as an effective treatment for college students with ADHD that is less risky than stimulants, less time-consuming than therapy, and provides ancillary health benefits (i.e., increasing physical fitness, decreasing obesity).",[234,258,26,236],"Effects of; Exertion",{"date":240,"type":31},{"date":261,"type":31},"2018-10-08",{"date":263,"type":20},"2025-12-30",{"name":246,"class":38}]