Assessment of a 3D-Printed Extraoral Camera Assembly for Standardized Dental Photography

This study investigates whether a 3D-printed extraoral camera assembly improves the reproducibility and dimensional standardization of dental photographs compared with conventional DSLR photography using standardized settings. The assembly, serving as the index test, standardizes camera position, distance, and angle during image capture, allowing performance comparison with traditional DSLR methods under identical exposure and lighting conditions. By enhancing photographic consistency, the assembly aims to improve longitudinal periodontal records, esthetic documentation, and digital analyses, providing a non-contact, operator-independent tool for reliable visual comparisons across clinical sessions.