This study aims to investigate the extent to which vegan or plant-based, omnivorous, and carnivore dietary patterns affect LDL aggregation susceptibility (the affinity for LDL cholesterol particles to clump together in the blood), which may promote plaque build-up in arteries. Using a cross-sectional mixed-methods design, the study will measure LDL aggregation, blood lipids, and other metabolic biomarkers in individuals following these diets, and combine these data with dietary and behavioural information to examine links with cardiovascular and metabolic health.
Adults aged 25-60 years.
BMI range (18.5-29.9 kg/m²).
Following one of the specified dietary patterns (vegan/plant-based, carnivore, or omnivorous) for a minimum of 6 months.
Self-identified as health-focused (i.e., intentionally following the diet for perceived health benefits).
BMI outside the stated range (<18.5 or ≥30 kg/m²).
Use of lipid-lowering medications or supplements that may interfere with LDL levels.
Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Any significant deviation from the specified diet within the last month.