Cardiovascular Complications After Adrenalectomy for Pheochromocytoma and Non-secreting Tumors

Pheochromocytoma is an adrenomedullary chromaffin cell tumour that releases catecholamines. Adverse cardiovascular events are considered the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with pheochromocytoma. Consequently, preoperative medical preparations using alpha-blockers or other antihypertensive drugs and the control of hemodynamic instability during adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma are recommended by guidelines to prevent vasoconstriction, perioperative cardiovascular complications, and the risk of death. However, the definition of a catecholamine-induced hypertensive crisis in patients with pheochromocytoma has only recently been validated by an international consortium as the occurrence of systolic/diastolic blood pressure \>180/120 mmHg1. Limitations of published studies include small sample sizes, and single institution analysis. Some studies have reported substantial variability in the management of pheochromocytomas, with the use of routine preoperative medical preparation varying from 49% to 100%, whereas others have questioned the utility of this preparation for postoperative cardiovascular complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate pan-European practices in terms of specific preoperative medical preparation before surgery and to identify risk factors for postoperative cardiovascular complications 30 days after adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma and non-secreting tumors (indication for surgery = " excluding malignancy ").

The EUROCRINE® registry offers a valuable opportunity to assess clinical practices for preoperative medical preparation and the morbidity linked to adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma and non-secreting tumors. This prospective study aims to refine surgical protocols and inform updates to existing guidelines, thereby advancing the management of adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma.