This study compares two medicines, Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine, added to caudal Bupivacaine to control pain after hip surgery in children. We will check how well each medicine reduces pain, how long the pain relief lasts, and if children need extra pain medicine. The goal is to find the safest and most effective option for postoperative pain relief in children undergoing hip surgery.
Children aged 1 to 6 years undergoing surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip
ASA physical status I or II
Parental or guardian informed consent obtained
Known allergy to local anesthetics, Dexmedetomidine, or Ketamine
Coagulopathy or bleeding disorders
Infection at the site of caudal injection
Neurological disorders