The aim of this observational study is to evaluate the accuracy of the HMDR combined with the ULBT as a predictor of difficult laryngoscopy in obese patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia, regarding:
* Correlation of HMDR-ULBT values with Cormack-Lehane grades during laryngoscopy. * Comparison of HMDR-ULBT with standard HMDR in predicting difficult laryngoscopy.
Adult obese patients aged 18 to 65 years.
Both sexes.
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status II- III.
Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m² (classified as obese).
History of maxillofacial trauma, surgery, or congenital facial anomalies affecting mandibular movement or neck anatomy.
Known or suspected difficult airway requiring awake intubation.
Patients with limited neck mobility (e.g., cervical spine disease or immobilization).
Temporomandibular joint disorders or restricted mandibular mobility.