This randomized controlled trial compares blood flow restriction (BFR) resistance training (leg press and seated knee extension at 30% 1RM) versus BFR cycling (stationary cycling at low resistance) in 60 athletes (aged 18-40 years) diagnosed with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Both interventions are delivered over 8 weeks (3 sessions/week) with a pneumatic cuff set at 80% limb occlusion pressure. Primary outcomes include pain intensity (NPRS), quadriceps strength (handheld dynamometer), and functional ability (Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale), assessed at baseline and post-intervention.
Male and female athletes aged 18-40 years
Clinically diagnosed with patellofemoral pain syndrome
Anterior or retropatellar knee pain of at least 3 months duration
Pain provoked by at least two functional activities (e.g., squatting, stair climbing, running, prolonged sitting)
History of knee surgery or significant knee trauma in the past 6 months
Presence of ligament, meniscal, or cartilage injuries
Neurological, vascular, or systemic inflammatory conditions
Contraindications to BFR training (e.g., deep vein thrombosis, uncontrolled hypertension)