Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a severe complication of blood transfusions. After a transfusion, TRALI develops in 0.08-15% of cases depending on the characteristics of the studied population. Due to preventive measures the incidence has decreased. However, the incidence of TRALI is 50-100 times higher in critically ill patients compared to the general hospital population. Since the absolute incidence of respiratory transfusion complications is low and TRALI is under-diagnosed and - reported, to this date is has not been possible to elucidate the exact pathophysiology of TRALI. Consequently, no biomarkers are yet known to detect TRALI. This study aims to identify TRALI biomarkers, gain insight in cellular pathways underlying TRALI development and the role of neutrophils and regulatory T cells, which could enhance transfusion safety.
Without lung injury who received a red blood cell (RBC) or platelet transfusion (PLT).
With indirect ARDS with and without a blood transfusion (RBC or PLT);
With pneumonia, with and without a blood transfusion (RBC or PLT).
"Objection to registration of data for scientific use" as noted in the patient file.
Patients in whom it is impossible to obtain blood samples.
Patients with massive hemorrhage.
Patients with ARDS due to multiple transfusions.
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Treatment groupsSee each treatment group below.