The aim of this study is to better understand the relationship between pleural effusions and breathlessness in patients with unilateral pleural effusions and breathlessness who require pleural fluid removal for its management.
Age 18 years or above
Has a unilateral pleural effusion AND
require thoracocentesis OR
chest drain insertion (main study only) OR
Inability to consent
Any contraindications to the proposed pleural procedure
Haemodynamic or clinical instability that precludes from the safe completion of required pre-procedural measurements
Inability to identify surface landmarks for surface EMG electrode placement