In patients after cardiac surgery, disturbances in macrocirculatory fluctuations and tissue perfusion commonly coexist. The stress state induced by factors such as surgical manipulation, cardiopulmonary bypass, anesthetic agents, pain, and ischemia-reperfusion injury, along with the use of vasoactive drugs postoperatively, often leads to increased blood pressure fluctuations in the early postoperative period. Additionally, dysregulation of organ blood flow autoregulation post-surgery contributes to peripheral circulatory impairment, rendering perfusion pressure an unreliable indicator of actual organ perfusion. We aim to assess postoperative blood pressure fluctuation using blood pressure variability and evaluate peripheral circulatory status via the perfusion index. In this prospective cohort study, we will examine the correlation between these two parameters and perioperative adverse events.
Age at surgery ≥ 18 years
Patients admitted to the ICU for the first time after undergoing their first cardiac surgical procedure during the current hospitalization ③ Expected to receive continuous invasive blood pressure monitoring and noninvasive pulse oximetry monitoring for at least 12 hours postoperatively in the ICU ④ Written or verbal informed consent obtained from the patient or their family members
Patients with severe peripheral vascular disease in the arm used for noninvasive pulse oximetry monitoring
Patients not undergoing invasive hemodynamic monitoring ③ Patients requiring preoperative or intraoperative support with IABP or ECMO
Patients expected to have incomplete postoperative monitoring data or a monitoring duration of less than 12 hours
Postoperative patients who are not admitted to the ICU for the first time during the current hospitalization ⑥ Patients admitted to the ICU prior to undergoing cardiac surgery ⑦ Patients with critically insufficient baseline preoperative data