The goal of this observational study is to learn about the prevalence of depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment and their association with worse outcomes in a cohort of hospitalized patients between the ages of 18 ang 85 years with chronic heart failure. The main question it aims to answer is:
• Does the presence of depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment lead to worse outcomes in a cohort of hospitalized patients with chronic heart failure? Participants who are hospitalized due to exacerbation of chronic heart failure will answer survey questions to assess their cognitive function and depressive symptoms.
patient hospitalized primarily for CHF exacerbation;
clinically stable, able to provide informed consent;
do not have severe cognitive impairment that would preclude valid questionnaire administration.
hospitalization for acute heart failure;
total length of hospital stay <96 hours;
absence of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) within the last 12 months and no TTE planned;
severe visual impairment preventing completion of the visual part of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment;