This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the association between daily screen exposure duration and postoperative emergence delirium in children aged 2 to 11 years undergoing elective lower abdominal surgery. Daily screen time will be assessed using a parent-reported questionnaire administered preoperatively. Postoperative emergence delirium will be evaluated using the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale at 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes after surgery.
The primary outcome is the association between daily screen time and PAED score within the first 30 minutes postoperatively. Secondary outcomes include the associations between PAED score and age at first screen exposure, type of viewed content, parental screen use, passive screen exposure, and the presence of a screen in the child's bedroom. The study is designed to improve understanding of whether screen-related environmental factors are associated with postoperative behavioral recovery in pediatric surgical patients.
Children aged 2 to 11 years
Scheduled for elective lower abdominal surgery
Planned procedures include inguinal hernia repair, orchiopexy for undescended testis, or circumcision
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II
Planned or administered premedication before surgery
Emergency surgery
Reoperation
Developmental delay, neurodevelopmental disorder, or known psychiatric disease