This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of 6% versus 8% sevoflurane inhalation induction in pediatric patients undergoing minor ophthalmic surgery. The primary outcome is emergence agitation assessed using the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale. Secondary outcomes include hemodynamic parameters, induction time, recovery time, and adverse events.
Children aged 1 to 6 years (12-72 months)
Scheduled to undergo minor ophthalmic surgery (e.g., chalazion excision) under general anesthesia
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I
Assessed as suitable for inhalation anesthesia by anesthesiologists
ASA physical status II or higher
Known hepatic or renal dysfunction
Congenital heart disease
History of malignant hyperthermia
Parallel
Sevoflurane
DrugSevoflurane inhalation anesthesia was used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in pediatric patients undergoing minor ophthalmic surgery.
PAED score
Measured using the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale. The PAED scale ranges from 0 to 20, with higher scores indicating more severe emergence delirium (worse outcome).
Induction time
Time from face mask placement to loss of eyelash reflex, measured in seconds.
Recovery time
Time from discontinuation of sevoflurane to full recovery of consciousness, measured in minutes.
Minimum alveolar concentration (MAC)
Minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) values recorded during anesthesia maintenance.
Respiratory depression
Incidence of respiratory depression recorded during the perioperative period.
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