Effect of Occupational Therapy at Home E-Rehabilitation (OTHER) for Persons Post-stroke

Changes in Canadian Occupational Performance measure (COPM-p) at three time points

The primary outcome measure is 'perceived daily performance' 4 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks after the start of OTHER compared to baseline functioning, measured with the Canadian Occupational Performance measure. The COPM results in a performance score (COPM-p). The COPM is a person-centred, occupation-focused outcome measure for the detection of change in perceived daily performance over time. The COPM results in a performance score (COPM-p) and a satisfaction score (COPM-s). Through a semi-structured interview, persons will prioritize up to five daily activities that deemed most important and rate each on a 10-point scale regarding perceived performance (COPM-p) (1=not able to do at all and 10 = able to do extremely well. The mean COPM-p will be obtained by summing the ratings and dividing them by the number of prioritized activities.

Changes in Canadian Occupational Performance measure (COPM-s)

Persons post-stroke satisfaction in performing daily functioning will be measured with the COPM-s(35). Next to the COPM-p, participants rated the prioritized daily activities on a 10-point scale regarding performance satisfaction (COPM-s) (1= not satisfied at all and 10= extremely satisfied).

Self-management

Self-management. The Patient-Reported Outcome Occupational Therapy (PROM-OT) is developed to measure the outcome and quality of OT in the Netherlands from a client perspective.The PROM-OT contains 13 questions regarding the outcome of OT for the person (e.g. I can perform my daily activities, whether or not with help/devices (for example self-care, household, leisure, work) and using scoring with 11 point scale (0= lowest score and 10 = highest score). It focusses on daily activities, being able to self-manage related to daily functioning and satisfaction of OT.

Patient's quality of life.

The EuroQol-5D-5L(41) will be used to measure 'health-related quality of life' outcomes (HRQOL).The HRQOL is measured on 5 health dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Each health dimension has 5 severity levels ranging between no problems to extreme problems. The EQ- visual analogue scale (VAS) measures the persons' self-rated health on a scale from 0 to 100 (0= worst health and 100 the best health). The participants' EQ-5D-5L health states will be converted into utility values the Dutch tariff.

Capability of older people

The ICEpop CAPability measure for Older people (ICECAP-O) is a measure of capability in older people for use in economic evaluation. Unlike most profile measures used in economic evaluations, the ICECAP-O focuses on wellbeing defined in a broader sense, rather than health. The measure covers attributes of wellbeing that were found to be important to older people in the United Kingdom. ICECAP-O comprises five attributes (the lay terms are in brackets): Attachment (love and friendship), Security (thinking about the future without concern), Role (doing things that make participants feel valued), Enjoyment (enjoyment and pleasure), Control (independence). Score from 1 till 4 (1 = lowest and 4 = highest score

Sociodemographic characteristics

age, gender, date and time of admission hospital or geriatric clinic, date of discharge, the highest level of education, marital status, and living arrangement (minimal Data Set)

Chronic conditions

will be measured by the Functional Comorbidity Index (FCI). The FCI is a sum of 18 self-reported comorbid conditions with a score of 0 to 18. A score of 0 indicating no comorbid illness and a score of 18 indicating the highest number of comorbid illnesses. Comorbidities assessed by the index include arthritis, hypertension, asthma, hearing impairment, visual impairment, gastrointestinal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/emphysema, osteoporosis, angina, anaemia, congestive heart failure or heart disease, heart attack, neurological disease, stroke/transient ischemic attack, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes mellitus (type I or II), depression, degenerative disc disease and obesity.

Cognitive functioning

To classify the severity of cognitive impairment the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) will be used. The MoCA is a 30-point test administered in 10 minutes. The MoCA assesses orientation, short-term memory, visuospatial abilities, attention/concentration, language, and aspects of executive functioning. Data on its psychometric properties are limited, but preliminary results suggest that it has good test-retest reliability (+/- 1 point) and internal consistency (0.83). During the feasibility study the investigators experienced participants with light cognitive impairments and the OTHER-intervention was very useful. De score off 16 is based on de feasibility study and literature. The cutoff point for MoCA is a critical point and debated in literature. MoCA uses the cutoff of 26 is inadequate for the stroke setting. Normality range from 19 till 22 in acute stroke phase.