Background: Central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases often lead to significant cognitive impairment, presenting a critical challenge in patient management.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of individualized transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) in improving cognitive function among patients with inflammatory demyelinating disorders.
Methods: This study will assess cognitive performance through standardized neuropsychological assessments before and after individualized a one-time tES intervention, measuring changes in cognitive domains including working memory, attention, executive function, and processing speed.
Anticipated Results: We hypothesize that personalized transcranial electrical stimulation will demonstrate significant improvements in cognitive performance, potentially offering a non-invasive therapeutic approach for managing cognitive decline in central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases.
Significance: This research may provide novel insights into neuromodulation strategies for cognitive rehabilitation in patients with complex neurological conditions.
Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and other Central Nervous System Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases that meet diagnostic criteria;
Patients with SDMT scores <55 or subjective cognitive decline;
Age between 18 and 65 years, gender unrestricted;
No relapse or medication changes in the past month;
Relapse record within the past month;
Medication adjustment within the past month or having undergone modified electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, or other neuromodulation techniques;
Participating in any other clinical research within 1 month prior to enrollment or currently;
Presence of cochlear hearing aids, cardiac pacemakers, or implanted brain stimulation devices;