This study aims to investigate the effects of a combined thoracic expansion exercise (TEE) and slow diaphragmatic breathing (SDB) program on cognitive function, brain activation, psychological status, and head-shoulder posture in healthy young adults.
age between 18 to 30 years with at least a high school education to ensure baseline cognitive task comprehension
the ability to adhere to verbal instructions
no regular participation in formal breathing exercise or mindfulness training within the past six months.
a history of musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, or cerebrovascular diseases which may interfere this study
history of respiratory disease or recent respiratory infection
diabetes mellitus with neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy, or other neurological disorders
major surgery within the past six months
National Taiwan University Clinical Trial Center
Lead sponsor
National Taiwan University Hospital
Sponsor institution