Diabetes type II is a metabolic syndrome involving high sugar levels known as hyperglycemia. It can impair pulmonary function through reduced lung elasticity and gas exchange and weaken core muscles due to inflammation and muscle atrophy. Literature has shown the individual effects of these exercises on quality of life. However, no study has yet evaluated the combined effects of these exercises on different variables such as lung function, functional capacity, and blood sugar levels.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to compare the effects of diaphragmatic breathing and Pilates breathing, combined with core strengthening exercises, on lung function, functional capacity, blood sugar levels, and quality of life. The study aims to determine which breathing technique provides greater physiological and functional benefits.
METHOD: The study will be a Randomized control trial consisting of two groups subjects meeting the inclusion criteria will be selected for the study. The subjects will then be randomly assigned to two groups. One group will receive Diaphragmatic breathing with core strengthening exercises and other group will receive Pilate breathing with core strengthening exercises. Before initiating the treatment procedure following would be assessed for all the patients: Pulmonary Function, Functional Capacity, Blood sugar levels and quality of life. Afterwards a treatment regime distributed over the course of six weeks will be given to all patients. After the interventions Pulmonary function, Functional capacity, Blood sugar levels and Quality of life would be reassessed. Data would be analyzed to evaluate the outcomes.
DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE: The participants eligible for the study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria would be recruited for the study voluntarily and referred from Medical OPD of Fauji Foundation Hospital and Rehab OPD of Fauji Foundation Hospital. The purpose of this study along with the treatment plan would be explained to the participants in the language they understand their best and informed consent will be taken from the participants. A treatment regimen consisting of 18 weeks distributed over the course of six weeks will be provided to the patients in multidisciplinary lab of foundation University College of physical therapy
Medically diagnosed patients with Type II diabetes confirmed by a medical specialist, general practitioner, or endocrinologist from FFH or private hospital settings in Rawalpindi and Islamabad.
Age between 30 and 55 years.
Both male and female patients.
Willingness to participate in the exercise program and ability to provide informed consent.
Patients with Type I diabetes, diabetes insipidus, or gestational diabetes.
Diagnosed chronic respiratory diseases such as COPD or asthma unrelated to diabetes.
History of any abdominal, orthopedic, or spinal surgery that could interfere with balance.
Uncontrolled cardiovascular conditions such as arrhythmias or recent myocardial infarction.