The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if physical exercise, cognitive stimulation, or a combination of both can improve mobility, cognitive function, and psychosocial well-being in institutionalized older adults aged 65 and older. The main questions it aims to answer are:
* Does physical exercise improve strength, flexibility, balance, and mobility? * Does cognitive stimulation improve executive function and mental state? * Does combining both interventions provide greater benefits than either intervention alone?
Researchers will compare the physical exercise group, the cognitive stimulation group, and the combined group to a control group that receives no active intervention to see which approach leads to the most improvement.
Participants will:
* Take part in either physical exercise, cognitive stimulation, or both, 3 times per week for 12 weeks * Complete assessments before the intervention, after 12 weeks, and again after 6 months * Answer questionnaires and perform physical and cognitive tests to measure changes in health and well-being
Individuals of both sexes.
Age 65 years or older.
Retired.
Institutionalized for more than three months.
Lack of cooperation or cognitive capacity to participate.
Diagnosis of dementia or Alzheimer's disease.
Presence of acute medical conditions.
Physical or cognitive impairments that prevent completion of study procedures.